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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Assume that A was seized of the fee simple estate in Blackacre, and that A's heir, C, was an infant aged ten years. At common law, upon the death of A, the fee simple estate would pass, by inheritance, to C. As C was an infant, the land would go into wardship and with the land also would go the child. Blackacre would become subject to the onerous feudal incidents of wardship and marriage and, as a result, financial havoc could be wrought upon A's family. To avoid this result, A would make the following disposition of Blackacre by way of a use : A would be the "feoffor to uses", B the "feoffee to uses", and C the "cestui que use". B would undertake to hold the fee simple estate to the use of A until his death and, thereafter, to the use of C, A's heir.  2, record 1, English, - feoffor%20to%20uses

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

feoffor to uses : a historical term.  3, record 1, English, - feoffor%20to%20uses

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fieffant à usage d'autrui; fieffante à usage d'autrui : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 1, French, - fieffant%20%C3%A0%20usage%20d%27autrui

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The heir at common law was he to whom his ancestor's lands, etc., descended according to the common law as modified by the "Inheritance Act, "1833, as opposed to a customary heir or special heir, who inherited by virtue of a custom.... [Jowitt's, 2nd ed., 1977, 897].  1, record 2, English, - heir%20at%20common%20law

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A deceased person's "heir at law" are those who succeed to his estate of inheritance under statutes of descent and distribution, in absence of testamentary disposition, and not necessarily his heirs at common law, who are persons succeeding to deceased's realty in case of his intestacy.(Black, 5th, p. 650)  1, record 2, English, - heir%20at%20common%20law

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

héritier selon la common law : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 2, French, - h%C3%A9ritier%20selon%20la%20common%20law

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

HEIR, GENERAL. Heir at common in the English law. The heir at common law is he who, after his father or ancestor's death has a right to, and is introduced into all his lands, tenements and hereditaments. He must be of the whole blood, not a bastard, alien.  1, record 3, English, - general%20heir

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L’héritier universel ou à titre universel répond indéfiniment des dettes et charges qui dépendent de la succession.  1, record 3, French, - h%C3%A9ritier%20universel

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Words of inheritance are words of limitation indicating the character of the estate granted (or devised) ... Many jurisdictions have done away with the necessity of using technical words limiting estates in land, to the end that a fee estate may be created without words of inheritance. (Cartwright, 1972, p. 1017).  1, record 4, English, - words%20of%20inheritance

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Exactly why the words "and his heirs" where necessary to create an estate in fee simple is unclear.... was, however, necessary to use the plural word ’heirs" because if the grant were to a person and his "heir", that word could refer only to the person who would be the heir at the death of the grantee, so as not to be a word of inheritance or limitation. In such a case, at common law, the grantee would get only a life estate.(Anger and Honsberger, 2nd ed., 1985, pp. 101-102).  1, record 4, English, - words%20of%20inheritance

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

words of inheritance: term used in the plural in this context.  2, record 4, English, - words%20of%20inheritance

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

termes d'hérédité; termes de transmission héréditaire : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 4, French, - termes%20d%27h%C3%A9r%C3%A9dit%C3%A9

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

termes d'hérédité; termes de transmission héréditaire : termes utilisés au pluriel dans ce contexte.  2, record 4, French, - termes%20d%27h%C3%A9r%C3%A9dit%C3%A9

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The early rule of the common law was that an heir may not take by devise where he may take the same title by descent, title by descent being regarded as the worthier and better title. The "inter vivos" branch of the doctrine of worthier title... favors a reversion in the grantor rather than a remainder in his heirs.(Cartwright, 1972, pp. 1018-1019)  1, record 5, English, - doctrine%20of%20worthier%20title

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

doctrine du meilleur titre : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 5, French, - doctrine%20du%20meilleur%20titre

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Coparcenary arose where two or more persons took hereditaments by the same title by descent. This might be at common law or by special custom. Coparcenary arose at common law where upon the death of a man seised in fee or in tail the land descended upon two or more females as heirs general or heirs in tail; it arose by custom where, according to the custom of gavelkind, the land descended upon two or more male persons. Such persons were called "coparceners"; they constituted but one heir to their ancestor; they had a joint seisin, and they had equal rights in the land as regards each other.(Halsbury, 4th ed., Vol. 39, pp. 371-2)  1, record 6, English, - coparcenary

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cotenance héréditaire : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 6, French, - cotenance%20h%C3%A9r%C3%A9ditaire

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish