TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Prebunking is the process of debunking lies, tactics or sources before they strike. Its proponents describe it as a sort of vaccine for the mind that strengthens people's ability to think critically and makes them immune to most misinformation or propaganda. Like with vaccines, it is not necessary to immunize everybody : when prebunking reaches a critical threshold of the susceptible population, a phenomenon similar to herd immunity takes place : immune individuals do not repeat or deny false claims outright, preventing their spread.  2, record 1, English, - prebunking

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Approche proactive consistant à préparer le public avant exposition à la désinformation, en fournissant preuves et contexte pour mieux repérer et rejeter les fausses informations.  3, record 1, French, - d%C3%A9mystification%20pr%C3%A9ventive

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any cattle, sheep, goats or other stock kept on bred for the production of milk.  7, record 2, English, - dairy%20stock

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dairy herd : term standardized by Environment Canada and the Translation Bureau for use in the National Inventory Report.  8, record 2, English, - dairy%20stock

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

dairy stock; milking stock: terms extracted from the “Glossaire de l’agriculture” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  9, record 2, English, - dairy%20stock

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

«Stock» s'applique aux espèces domestiques (bovins, ovins, caprins) élevées pour leur lait, leur viande, etc. «Livestock» a le même sens.  4, record 2, French, - cheptel%20laitier

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

troupeau laitier : terme normalisé par Environnement Canada et le Bureau de la traduction dans le cadre du Rapport d'inventaire national.  5, record 2, French, - cheptel%20laitier

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 3 OBS

cheptel laitier; bétail laitier : termes extraits du «Glossaire de l’agriculture» et reproduits avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  6, record 2, French, - cheptel%20laitier

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The quantity of milk produced by a cow or herd.  3, record 3, English, - milk%20production

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Par jour, par an (d'une vache).  4, record 3, French, - production%20laiti%C3%A8re

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cantidad de leche producida por un animal.  3, record 3, Spanish, - producci%C3%B3n%20de%20leche

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A herd management system in which cows are mated so that some cows in the herd will calve at all times of the year...  1, record 4, English, - year%2Dround%20calving

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les vêlages étalés permettent de répartir les pointes de travail sur l'année et de limiter le besoin en logement pour les veaux, dont l'effectif varie peu en cours d'année.  2, record 4, French, - v%C3%AAlage%20%C3%A9tal%C3%A9

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Él entrega leche fluida a dos bodegas de su comunidad y considera que la clave para garantizar los 140 litros diarios que demandan los núcleos familiares de esas dos unidades, está en lograr partos escalonados, que se preñen todos los meses de seis a siete hembras, y tener la comida asegurada.  1, record 4, Spanish, - parto%20escalonado

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A breeding management system in which all of the cows in a herd, or an area, are encouraged to calve at approximately the same time.  1, record 5, English, - seasonal%20calving

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[It is] usually used as a management tool to take maximum advantage of seasonal feed supplies or climate.  1, record 5, English, - seasonal%20calving

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El parto estacional es un método de manejo reproductivo popular entre los ganaderos de Nueva Zelanda, Australia, el Reino Unido, Irlanda, Sudáfrica y Sudamérica.  1, record 5, Spanish, - parto%20estacional

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A replacement calf is a female that will be kept to replace old cows in the milking herd.  2, record 6, English, - replacement%20calf

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Las terneras de reemplazo [se pueden] definir como aquellos animales que, por condiciones de selección en un momento dado, nos servirán para sustituir a otras vacas que por alguna u otra razón son dadas de baja en el hato o para ampliar la población del establo.  1, record 6, Spanish, - ternera%20de%20reemplazo

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Farrow-to-feeder operations have the highest labour requirements, and many producers specialize in this part of the production cycle. It includes the management of the breeding herd, gestating sows, and piglets until they reach the growing(feeder) stage. The farmer retains control of the piglets until they are sold to another entity for feeder-to-market production.  1, record 7, English, - farrow%2Dto%2Dfeeder%20operation

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Tipos de operaciones porcinas. Operaciones porcinas de ciclo completo [...] Operaciones de nacimiento a engorde: los cerdos se crían desde su nacimiento hasta que pesen entre 30 y 60 libras, momento en el que se venden a operaciones de engorde. Operaciones de engorde a acabado [...]  1, record 7, Spanish, - operaci%C3%B3n%20de%20nacimiento%20a%20engorde

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Animal welfare assessments were conducted on 50 Australian pasture-based dairy farms of varying herd sizes : 16 small(<300 cows), 15 medium-sized(300-500 cows), 11 large(501-750 cows), and 10 very large(751+ cows).  2, record 8, English, - herd%20size

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Avec une consommation et une production - notamment industrielle - en augmentation, la taille des troupeaux français est de plus en plus importante [...]  2, record 8, French, - taille%20du%20troupeau

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Como se indica en la tabla 3, en la que se presentan los datos relativos al factor humano de las explotaciones, se encontraron diferencias significativas (p<0,01) entre los tres grupos de tamaño, tanto en el número de Unidades de Trabajo Hombre (UTH) de las explotaciones como en el número de ovejas por UTH, aumentando los valores al hacerlo el tamaño del rebaño.  1, record 8, Spanish, - tama%C3%B1o%20del%20reba%C3%B1o

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Canadian Swine Health Intelligence Network(CSHIN) is a network of swine health professionals focused on swine disease surveillance in Canada to improve the health of the Canadian swine herd.  2, record 9, English, - Canadian%20Swine%20Health%20Intelligence%20Network

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A delayed calving means that heifers stay in the replacement herd for a longer period of time. For example, a 36-month-old first-calf heifer takes an additional 12 months, or 50% more time, than a 24-month-old first-calf heifer before leaving the replacement herd.  2, record 10, English, - delayed%20calving

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On constate qu'une génisse née en automne ne peut pratiquement et économiquement vêler qu'à 30 mois alors qu'une génisse née au printemps peut vêler à 2 ans (vêlage précoce) ou à 3 ans (vêlage tardif).  2, record 10, French, - v%C3%AAlage%20tardif

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Una de las formas más comunes en que se ve afectada la economía de la explotación es el parto tardío, bien sea por problemas reproductivos, por deficiencia de manejo o por ambas cosas.  1, record 10, Spanish, - parto%20tard%C3%ADo

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[In the Veterans’ Land Regulations,] female cattle, sheep or swine of a breeding age with or without an appropriate complement of male stock ...  1, record 11, English, - basic%20herd%20livestock

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[It] may include (a) in the case of cattle, up to a normal two-year progeny, and (b) in the case of sheep, up to a normal one-year progeny ...  1, record 11, English, - basic%20herd%20livestock

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Dans le Règlement sur les terres destinées aux anciens combattants,] femelles de bestiaux, moutons ou porcs d'un âge propre à la reproduction avec ou sans un complément approprié de reproducteurs mâles [...]  1, record 11, French, - animaux%20de%20ferme%20d%27un%20troupeau%20de%20base

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Ils peuvent] comprendre, a) dans le cas des bestiaux, une progéniture normale dont l'âge n'excède pas deux ans, et b) dans le cas des moutons, une progéniture normale dont l'âge n'excède pas un an [...]  1, record 11, French, - animaux%20de%20ferme%20d%27un%20troupeau%20de%20base

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

St. Patrick's Day is observed each year on March 17. St. Patrick's Day is not an official national holiday in Canada. It is, however, a provincial holiday in Newfoundland. St. Patrick's Day invokes the spirit of St. Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland who is credited with bringing Christianity to the island. Observed as a religious occasion in Ireland, in Canada, it is often marked with festive parades and the wearing of green. It is believed that Patrick was born in Kilpatrick Scotland. When Patrick was in his early teens, he was captured during a raid and taken to Ireland as a slave. There he learned to tend and herd sheep. At this time, Druids and pagans occupied Ireland. Patrick learned the practices and language of his captors. Because of the hardships he faced, Patrick turned to God. When Patrick was twenty, God came to him in a dream and advised him to go to the coast. Patrick escaped and sailers took him back to Britain where he was reunited with his parents. But Ireland beckoned to the young man through is dreams, so Patrick entered the priesthood, was ordained as a bishop and returned to the Emerald Isle in March 433. He traveled across the country converting the people to Christianity.  1, record 12, English, - St%2E%20Patrick%26rsquo%3Bs%20Day

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fête des Irlandais : le 17 mars.  2, record 12, French, - Saint%2DPatrick

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Éviter l'expression abrégé St-Patrick.  2, record 12, French, - Saint%2DPatrick

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A herd in which no outside breeding stock... are introduced.  3, record 13, English, - closed%20herd

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

However, because it is a closed herd, [there might be] a considerable increase of inbreeding, which in turn can lead to adverse effects on productive or reproductive characteristics and suitability of the animals...  2, record 13, English, - closed%20herd

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Tous les veaux mâles ne sont pas vendus pour la reproduction. Quelques-uns sont gardés pour l'utilisation à la ferme. Les autres sont castrés et vendus pour la viande. [L'exploitant] n'a pas acheté de femelles depuis 2002. C'est ce qu'on appelle un troupeau fermé.  3, record 13, French, - troupeau%20ferm%C3%A9

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[The students] observed about 10 per cent of heifers mis-mothering calves. There were instances of two or more heifers trying to claim the same calf, heifers abandoning their calves, and heifers stealing calves from other heifers... Much of this mis-mothering can be avoided by providing adequate pasture space so heifers can leave the herd and isolate themselves at calving.  5, record 14, English, - mis%2Dmothering

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Un] agneau [qui] est inapte à se lever et à téter [favorise] le rejet et l'abandon par la mère, c'est-à-dire un comportement maternel inadéquat envers son agneau. Ce syndrome est à l'origine d'une part importante de la mortalité néonatale [...]  2, record 14, French, - comportement%20maternel%20inad%C3%A9quat

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A population of cattle that have all been bred and raised on-farm, with no purchased replacement animals of any age.  2, record 15, English, - closed%20herd

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A truly closed herd will... eliminate as many sources of disease transmission as possible. A closed herd will have no contact(even fence-line) with any other livestock or wildlife and will limit visitor/service provider access to areas where cattle are never present. In a closed herd, non-home raised animals(even horses, dogs) never set foot on the ranch and any animal that leaves home never comes back.  3, record 15, English, - closed%20herd

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Population de bovins reproduits et élevés dans la ferme et ne comprenant aucun animal, [quel que soit l'âge,] acheté à l'extérieur.  1, record 15, French, - troupeau%20ferm%C3%A9

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Si des bovins sont amenés à une exposition, puis retournés à la ferme, le troupeau n'est plus considéré [comme] fermé.  1, record 15, French, - troupeau%20ferm%C3%A9

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A young cow who has given birth to its first calf.  3, record 16, English, - first%2Dcalf%20heifer

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

First-calvers often require more attention following calving. They require more labor and higher-quality feeds; however, by investing the time in these young cows, they often stay in the herd longer and are productive cows.  4, record 16, English, - first%2Dcalf%20heifer

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les veaux nés de génisses primipares courent un risque plus élevé de ne pas recevoir suffisamment de colostrum de bonne qualité.  4, record 16, French, - g%C3%A9nisse%20primipare

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Midwater trawl nets are usually much larger than bottom trawl nets, especially their vertical opening. The front part of the net is usually made with very large meshes or ropes to reduce drag, but still herd the targeted fish. The vertical opening of a midwater trawl is often maintained with weights attached to the lower wingends...  1, record 17, English, - vertical%20net%20opening

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les chaluts pélagiques sont ordinairement beaucoup plus grands que les chaluts de fond, en particulier en ce qui concerne leur ouverture verticale. En général, la partie avant du filet est constituée de très grandes mailles ou de cordes qui réduisent sa traînée tout en permettant le rabattage des poissons ciblés. L'ouverture verticale d'un chalut pélagique est souvent maintenue par des poids fixés aux têtières inférieures [...]  2, record 17, French, - ouverture%20verticale%20du%20filet

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The seine can be operated by... two boats(pair seining). During the fishing operation, the seine ropes herd the fish into the path of the net. The length of seine rope to a large extent determines the shape and size of the fished area. The boat seine is commonly used to catch benthic species such as flounders and soles, but also other demersal species such as cod.  2, record 18, English, - pair%20seining

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A cow-calf operation is a method of raising beef cattle in which a permanent herd of cows is kept by a farmer or rancher to produce calves for later sale... A rancher who works within such a model is often called a "cow-calf operator"...  3, record 19, English, - cow%2Dcalf%20producer

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Comparer l'élevage laitier à l'élevage allaitant ne fait pas plus sens que de comparer la culture de betterave à la culture de pomme de terre! Néanmoins, il est vrai que tou­tes les contraintes d'horaire et de travail liées à la traite tombent. L'éleveur de vaches allaitantes peut organiser son emploi du temps de manière beaucoup plus flexible.  6, record 19, French, - producteur%20vache%2Dveau

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... natural herd immunity, achieved through infection rather than vaccination, can be challenging due to high rate of serious illness and death, with health systems overwhelmed well beyond their surge capacity, even in high-income countries.  2, record 24, English, - natural%20herd%20immunity

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans les pays riches, les progrès de l'hygiène font reculer les infections à transmission féco-orale, mais diminuent l'immunité collective naturelle contre les agents [causant les hépatites virales].  3, record 24, French, - immunit%C3%A9%20collective%20naturelle

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Forage milk indicates the level of production allowed by forages. A forage milk level of 2949 kg means that the average cow in this herd gets enough energy and protein from forages to produce 2949 kg of milk without any supplemental energy and protein.  1, record 25, English, - forage%20milk

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le lait fourrager est une estimation de la quantité de lait réellement produite à partir des fourrages en déduisant du lait total la quantité de lait produite par les concentrés.  1, record 25, French, - lait%20fourrager

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La leche forrajera es una estimación de la producción de leche aportada por el forraje, que soporta además las necesidades de mantenimiento de la vaca, estando basado su cálculo en la producción remanente después de descontar la leche teóricamente producida con base al valor energético de los forrajes.  1, record 25, Spanish, - leche%20forrajera

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The International Porcupine Caribou Board administers the bilateral agreement between Canada and the United States. The Board provides advice and recommendations to the Governments of Canada, Yukon, Northwest Territories, Alaska and the United States on matters relating to the protection and management of the [Porcupine] caribou herd.  3, record 26, English, - International%20Porcupine%20Caribou%20Board

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le Conseil international du caribou de la Porcupine administre l'Entente bilatérale entre le Canada et les États-Unis. Le Conseil fournit des conseils et des recommandations aux gouvernements du Canada, du Yukon, des Territoires du Nord-Ouest, de l'Alaska et des États-Unis sur la protection et la gestion de la harde de caribous de la Porcupine.  3, record 26, French, - Conseil%20international%20du%20caribou%20de%20la%20Porcupine

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Bien que l'acronyme CICP soit utilisé, il n'est pas officiel.  4, record 26, French, - Conseil%20international%20du%20caribou%20de%20la%20Porcupine

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Creep grazing may be another option. For this, you set up a creep gate that allows the calves to graze ahead and skim off the best of the pasture, followed up by the full herd.  2, record 27, English, - creep%20gate

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Se disponía de un cercado selectivo para corderos donde podían entrar a comer concentrado.  1, record 27, Spanish, - cercado%20selectivo

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The culling rate describes the percentage of cows removed from a herd.  2, record 28, English, - culling%20rate

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le taux de réforme. [...] Celui-ci est obtenu en divisant le nombre de vaches sorties du troupeau par le nombre moyen de vaches présentes durant l'année.  2, record 28, French, - taux%20de%20r%C3%A9forme

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A dispersal sale is a good way to buy your cows since the reasons for the sale may be totally unrelated to the productive capacity of the cows. The dispersion and sale of an entire herd may be offered due to the farm owner's health, a death in the family, retirement, or a host of other reasons.  2, record 29, English, - dispersal%20sale

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Body condition, or the amount of body fat an animal is carrying, is one management indicator that can be used to predict herd fertility and determine feeding programs.  2, record 30, English, - body%20condition

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Niveau des réserves, essentiellement adipeuses, présentes dans l'organisme d'un animal [...]  3, record 30, French, - %C3%A9tat%20corporel

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Porcupine Caribou Management Board provides advice and makes recommendations to governments and other boards and agencies for the conservation and management of the Porcupine [herd] and its habitat. The board establishes and maintains communications with Indigenous users, governments and others to ensure Indigenous participation in cooperative management decisions.  3, record 31, English, - Porcupine%20Caribou%20Management%20Board

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le Conseil de gestion de la harde de caribous de la Porcupine [...] fournit des conseils et fait des recommandations aux gouvernements et à d'autres offices et organismes de conservation et de gestion de la harde de la Porcupine et de son habitat. Le Conseil établit et maintient les communications avec les utilisateurs autochtones et les administrations gouvernementales, entre autres, pour assurer la participation des Autochtones aux décisions relatives à la gestion coopérative.  3, record 31, French, - Conseil%20de%20gestion%20de%20la%20harde%20de%20caribous%20de%20la%20Porcupine

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Referring to a herd that migrates seasonally to different pastures.  2, record 32, English, - transhumant

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Se dit d'un troupeau qui effectue un déplacement saisonnier en vue de rejoindre une zone où il pourra se nourrir.  2, record 32, French, - transhumant

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... the amount of increase in performance that is achieved annually through artificial selection.  2, record 33, English, - genetic%20gain

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... we saw that with genomics, there has been twice the amount of genetic gain realized for [protein] yield in terms of standard units.... we can see that the combined gain for [protein] yield during the five years prior to genomics was 11. 8 kg, or around 2. 4 kg per year. In the past five years with genomics, the combined gain was 24 kg, or 4. 8 kg per year. This means that females born in the last 5 years in a herd with average management are expected to have 305 day lactation yields that increase roughly 5 kg per year, on average. In this case, double the genetic gain translates into double the performance increase for protein yield.  3, record 33, English, - genetic%20gain

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] nous observons qu'avec la génomique, le gain génétique réalisé pour le rendement en protéine exprimé en unités standard a doublé. [...] nous pouvons voir que le gain combiné pour le rendement en protéine pendant les cinq ans précédant la génomique était de 11,8 kg ou d'environ 2,4 kg par année. Cela signifie que les femelles nées au cours des cinq dernières années dans un troupeau doté d'une gestion moyenne devraient afficher des rendements en lait de 305 jours qui augmentent d'environ 5 kg par année, en moyenne. Dans ce cas, le double du gain génétique entraîne le double de l'augmentation de la performance en matière de rendement en protéine.  2, record 33, French, - gain%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Aumento de la productividad que se consigue al modificar la frecuencia génica a través de la selección.  1, record 33, Spanish, - ganancia%20gen%C3%A9tica

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Perhaps the most widely accepted reason for mass vaccination is to rapidly increase population(herd) immunity in the setting of an existing or potential outbreak, thereby limiting the morbidity and mortality that might result, especially when there has been no routine vaccination, or because populations have been displaced and routine immunization services disrupted.  2, record 34, English, - mass%20vaccination

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les autorités soulignent que la vaccination de masse demeure l'un des meilleurs moyens de faire face à la pandémie et de minimiser ses conséquences potentielles et sa propagation dans la société.  3, record 34, French, - vaccination%20de%20masse

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La contención sanitaria y el posterior inicio real de la reactivación económica se lograrán con la vacunación masiva [...]  2, record 34, Spanish, - vacunaci%C3%B3n%20en%20masa

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Beef cattle begin on a cow-calf operation, where the producer has a herd of cows bred to produce calves that are then sold at six to ten months of age.  2, record 35, English, - cow%2Dcalf%20operation

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The resistance of a group to the spread of an infectious disease based on the resistance to infection of a high proportion of individual members of the group.  3, record 36, English, - herd%20immunity

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The percentage of immune people necessary for herd immunity is specific to each infectious disease.  3, record 36, English, - herd%20immunity

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Résistance d'un groupe à la propagation d'une maladie infectieuse, basée sur la résistance à l'infection d'une proportion élevée des membres individuels du groupe.  3, record 36, French, - immunit%C3%A9%20collective

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le pourcentage de personnes immunisées nécessaire à l'immunité collective est propre à chaque maladie infectieuse.  3, record 36, French, - immunit%C3%A9%20collective

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Resistencia de un grupo o población a la invasión o difusión de un agente infeccioso como consecuencia de la resistencia específica a la infección de una elevada proporción de los miembros del grupo o población.  5, record 36, Spanish, - inmunidad%20colectiva

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

He has 50 head of cattle. The term "cattle" is used only with a plural verb or pronoun, e. g. The cattle ARE grazing in the field. Group : a bow, bunch, creaght, draft, drift, drive, drove, flote, head, herd, lot, team/yoke(oxen) ;a booly(a company of herdsmen wandering with their cattle) ;a dairy(milch cows) of cattle. Male : bull, ox, steer. Female : cow. Young : calf, stirk, bullock(male), heifer(female). Cry : bulls bellow, cows low.  2, record 37, English, - cattle

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Groupe : un troupeau de bœufs. Mâle : bœuf, taureau. Femelle : vache, génisse, taure. Petit : veau, taurillon. Cri : beugler, meugler.  2, record 37, French, - b%26oelig%3Buf

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[The] section of [the] top panel between [the] headline and baitings [of a trawl].  2, record 38, English, - square

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The square and top wings project forward of the upper belly to herd the fish and prevent upward escape...  3, record 38, English, - square

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pièce de la face supérieure du chalut, située entre le petit dos et les ailes supérieures.  3, record 38, French, - grand%20dos

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Into this [corral] the buffalo were driven in three separate hands at different times. It required much hard and dangerous riding on the part of the buffalo punchers, and many of the animals escaped numerous times, but perseverance prevailed and two years ago 400 of the herd were successfully rounded up and then driven down the Mission valley into the corrals at Ravalli.  2, record 39, English, - bison%20herder

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A herd or school of marine mammals, esp. a small herd or family group of whales or dolphins.  1, record 41, English, - pod

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Grande quantité de poissons ou de mammifères marins d'une espèce, se déplaçant ensemble.  1, record 41, French, - banc

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

of sheep, poultry or cattle.  1, record 42, English, - commercial%20flock

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 2 OBS

As distinct from "breeder flock" and "multiplier flock". Not to be confused with "commercial flock/troupeau de rapport".  1, record 42, English, - commercial%20flock

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dernier palier de troupeaux dans l'échelle de sélection des animaux d'élevage destiné à la production de viande, de lait ou d'œufs selon le type d'animal.  1, record 42, French, - troupeau%20commercial

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

One who tends cattle.  5, record 43, English, - cattle%20attendant

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The term "ox-driver", given as the equivalent of "bouvier" in the FAO Vocabulary of Animal Husbandry Terms, could not be documented elsewhere.  6, record 43, English, - cattle%20attendant

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 2 OBS

"Cattle attendant" is the politically correct term.  7, record 43, English, - cattle%20attendant

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Personne qui garde ou conduit les bœufs [...]  6, record 43, French, - bouvier

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The majority of the tools are in the areas of stock management, feed management, and financial management. Labour management, resource management, nutrient management and strategic management are underrepresented.... Concerning business processes, it is important to realize that many farm management tools usually focus on a single process(e. g. herd management, effluent management) and do not account for the daily, complex reality of a farm business.  1, record 44, English, - farm%20management%20tool

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La création de la PAC [politique agricole commune] en 1962 répond à des objectifs d'accroissement de la productivité agricole, de stabilisation des marchés et de sécurité des approvisionnements. [...] Plusieurs outils de gestion agricole à l'échelle européenne existaient avant la mise en place de la PAC : c'est notamment le cas des taxes à l'importation aux frontières de l'Europe des 6, mises en places dès 1960.  1, record 44, French, - outil%20de%20gestion%20agricole

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En un contexto de mayor escala, la adopción de la Agrometeorología -como herramienta de gestión agrícola- incrementa la seguridad alimentaria, mayor rentabilidad para los productores y menores gastos.  1, record 44, Spanish, - herramienta%20de%20gesti%C3%B3n%20agr%C3%ADcola

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A sign of estrus in farm animals : tendency to mount other members of the herd.  1, record 46, English, - riding

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Par exemple les femelles sont portées à chevaucher d'autres animaux dans la phase des chaleurs (œstrus)  2, record 46, French, - chevauchement

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An official record of the individuals and pedigrees of a recognized breed ...  1, record 47, English, - herdbook

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Registre dans lequel sont inscrits les reproducteurs d’une race déterminée d’animaux domestiques, avec, éventuellement, leurs descendants et, dans certains cas, leurs performances.  3, record 47, French, - livre%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9alogique

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

livre généalogique : terme et définition publiés au Journal officiel de la République française le 19 août 2015.  4, record 47, French, - livre%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9alogique

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Livre généalogique des races de bovins.  1, record 48, French, - livre%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9alogique%20bovin

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

livre généalogique bovin : terme et définition publiés au Journal officiel de la République française le 19 août 2015.  2, record 48, French, - livre%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9alogique%20bovin

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The pig cycle is a widely recognised phenomenon and is caused by expansion of the breeding herd at times of high profitability, a subsequent increase in supply leading to overproduction, a decrease in price for finished pigs to clear the market and, if these conditions persist for long enough, a subsequent contraction of the breeding herd. The pig cycle is not an example of market failure, indeed it could be argued that the market works perfectly in terms of the transmission of price signals; it is the lag between signal and response that causes the inefficiencies. It is therefore actually the interaction of natural production cycles with perfectly competitive behaviour by producers rather than the inadequate provision of price information that results in resource misallocation.  2, record 49, English, - pig%20cycle

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ce prix du porc est déterminé par confrontation de l'offre et de la demande. Il dépend donc des quantités produites consommées, échangées intra-Europe et avec les pays tiers. Le cycle du porc, alternance de périodes fastes et de crises, est lié à ces ajustements permanents de l'offre et de la demande.  2, record 49, French, - cycle%20du%20porc

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 2 CONT

On s'attend à ce que le prix moyen de la viande de porc pour l'année 2000 se situe autour de 44 $US/q. Par contre, la fluctuation prévue du cycle du porc entre le milieu et la fin de 2001 réduira probablement le prix moyen de la viande de porc aux environs de 40 $US/q pour l'année 2001.  3, record 49, French, - cycle%20du%20porc

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cycle du porc : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’agriculture» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  4, record 49, French, - cycle%20du%20porc

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Herd rebuilding(holding cows longer and retaining heifers) results initially in reduced supplies on the market, making a good price situation better. Likewise, herd liquidation makes bad prices even worse as more cows are sent to slaughter and heifers are sent to feedlots. Thus, herd rebuilding and liquidation tends to accentuate the high and low price periods.  1, record 50, English, - herd%20rebuilding

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En matière d'élevage et de production de viandes rouges les délais sont incompressibles et sont particulièrement longs, surtout en matière d'élevage bovin. En effet, au cycle biologique spécifique - 9 mois sont nécessaires à une génisse pour mettre bas, 18 mois pour que le veau atteigne le poids de 150 kgs, minimal pour l'abattage - s'ajoutent les impondérables naturels : année pluvieuse ou sécheresse qui conditionne la disponibilité ou non des pâturages et des fourrages; le prix des fourrages en dépend étroitement. Cela peut introduire un décalage dans les délais de reconstitution du cheptel bovin destiné à l'embouche : de 27 mois on peut aller jusqu'à 36 mois, soit trois ans, dans la mesure où au départ on dispose déjà d'une vache bien nourrie, en bonne santé, de race pure ou croisée, en âge et en état de procréer.  2, record 50, French, - reconstitution%20du%20troupeau

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

reconstitution du troupeau : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’agriculture» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  3, record 50, French, - reconstitution%20du%20troupeau

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

To meet the needs of the modern dairy farmer, Mistro Farm maintains a complete stock register and enables all herd recording, mating and health information to be stored.  1, record 51, English, - herd%20recording

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Durant la phase II, 60 troupeaux de plus de 12 femelles des régions de l'Estrie, de la Beauce, des Bois-Francs et de la Montérégie ont été suivis pendant une période de 15 à 17 mois. Le suivi des troupeaux visait à connaître les besoins des éleveurs en matière de suivi de santé, et à identifier les méthodes de collectes de données les plus rapides, les plus simples et les plus efficaces pour l'éleveur et les intervenants.  2, record 51, French, - suivi%20des%20troupeaux

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La guidance vétérinaire consiste à mettre en place l'ensemble des mesures requises pour assurer un état sanitaire optimal du troupeau; elle repose sur un approche multidisciplinaire en associant les aspects médicaux, zootechniques et épidémiologiques dans le suivi des troupeaux.  3, record 51, French, - suivi%20des%20troupeaux

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 OBS

suivi des troupeaux : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’agriculture» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  4, record 51, French, - suivi%20des%20troupeaux

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In the short run, some cows were kept in production longer than normal because slaughter facilities were running at full capacity. In the longer run, the slaughter scheme has had the unintended effect of increasing the dairy herd replacement rate, which with the more rapid introduction of superior genetics and the greater production potential of young cows may hasten structural change in the production sector.  2, record 52, English, - dairy%20herd%20replacement%20rate

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dairy herd replacement rate : term extracted from the “Glossaire de l'agriculture” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  3, record 52, English, - dairy%20herd%20replacement%20rate

Record 52,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 OBS

taux de renouvellement du troupeau laitier : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’agriculture» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  2, record 52, French, - taux%20de%20renouvellement%20du%20troupeau%20laitier

Record 52,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 53,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The number or percentage of calves produced in a herd within a given year relative to the number of cows and heifers exposed to breeding.  2, record 53, English, - calf%20crop

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 OBS

"Crop" is also used when speaking of lambs: new crop lambs.  3, record 53, English, - calf%20crop

Record 53,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Accroissement du troupeau par la naissance de petits.  1, record 53, French, - production%20de%20veaux%20de%20l%27ann%C3%A9e

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 2 OBS

rendement au vêlage : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’agriculture» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  4, record 53, French, - production%20de%20veaux%20de%20l%27ann%C3%A9e

Record 53,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En un año.  2, record 53, Spanish, - producci%C3%B3n%20de%20terneros

Record 54,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In 1935, the Ministry of Agriculture introduced a voluntary scheme to eradicate TB [tuberculosis] in cattle. Under the Attested Herds Scheme, cattle were tested for TB, and those that reacted positive to the test("reactors") were slaughtered. A herd of cattle which was shown to be completely free of TB was officially recognised as an attested herd.  1, record 54, English, - attested%20herd

Record 54,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ils proviennent d'un troupeau reconnu indemne : - de brucellose et dans lequel aucun animal n'a été vacciné contre cette maladie; - de tuberculose [...]  2, record 54, French, - troupeau%20reconnu%20indemne

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 OBS

troupeau reconnu indemne : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’agriculture» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  3, record 54, French, - troupeau%20reconnu%20indemne

Record 54,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 55,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Livestock that have been eliminated from the herd because of disease, low quality, etc.  2, record 55, English, - culled%20livestock

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The compensation paid to farmers for culled livestock will enable many of them to recover their businesses and will trickle through to other rural industries.  3, record 55, English, - culled%20livestock

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A lot of livestock were culled in different countries to prevent any Mad Cow Disease (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy) outbreaks.  2, record 55, English, - culled%20livestock

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 2 OBS

culled livestock: term extracted from the “Glossaire de l’agriculture” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  4, record 55, English, - culled%20livestock

Record 55,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le relevé des recettes et des dépenses. [...] Vente du lait. Vente des veaux (y compris les veaux de lait). Vente de bétail réformé [...]  2, record 55, French, - b%C3%A9tail%20r%C3%A9form%C3%A9

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les animaux sont réformés et abattus quand ils ne sont plus assez productifs, quand ils deviennent trop âgés ou dangereux, quand ils sont atteints de maladies chroniques ou dont le coût de traitement serait trop élevé, etc.  3, record 55, French, - b%C3%A9tail%20r%C3%A9form%C3%A9

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Par exemple, beaucoup de bestiaux ont dû être réformés pour prévenir toute épidémie de la maladie de la vache folle (encéphalopathie spongiforme bovine).  4, record 55, French, - b%C3%A9tail%20r%C3%A9form%C3%A9

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 3 OBS

bétail réformé : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’agriculture» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  5, record 55, French, - b%C3%A9tail%20r%C3%A9form%C3%A9

Record 55,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 56,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Herd Management for Older Animals Program; Managing Older Animals Program : designations approved by the Terminology Committee of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.  2, record 56, English, - Herd%20Management%20for%20Older%20Animals%20Program

Record 56,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Programme de gestion des troupeaux comprenant des animaux âgés; Programme de gestion des animaux âgés : désignations approuvées par le Comité de terminologie d’Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada.  2, record 56, French, - Programme%20de%20gestion%20des%20troupeaux%20comprenant%20des%20animaux%20%C3%A2g%C3%A9s

Record 56,  Textual support,  Spanish