TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Association for Canadian Jewish Studies/l'Association d’études juives canadiennes was founded in 1976 as the Canadian Jewish Historical Society/Société d’histoire juive canadienne. Its goals are to encourage scholarly research in Canadian Jewish history, life and culture through academic disciplines.  1, record 1, English, - Association%20for%20Canadian%20Jewish%20Studies

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The North American Vexillological Association is an international, non-profit, scholarly organization dedicated to vexillology, the study of flags and their cultural, historical, political, and social significance.... Founded in 1967, NAVA oversees a vigorous publications program, organizes an annual meeting... in which vexillologists convene and showcase their research, supports flag conservation and flag research projects. It also holds frequent interest area meetings, promotes the study and implementation of flag design, offers awards to recognize and promote excellence in vexillological scholarship, and connects its members to one another in many flag-related areas.  2, record 2, English, - North%20American%20Vexillological%20Association

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Instruction using] programs that understand the student’s internal cognitive structures; are able to analyse a student’s answer to a question and determine which parts of the question confuse the student. They then use that information to provide very specific instruction. A system of this type would be a substitute for a very competent and experienced teacher.  7, record 3, English, - intelligent%20computer%2Daided%20instruction

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Intelligent Computer-Assisted Instruction (ICAI) ... encompasses two primary areas. One is instructional programs that model the learner ... These programs collect detailed data about the student’s work and formulate a hypothesis about what the student knows and is thinking. ... The other area is the use of expert systems ... that contain all known information on a particular topic, a set of logic that ties all this information together ..., and in some cases a program that allows a person to converse easily and in natural language with the computer.  8, record 3, English, - intelligent%20computer%2Daided%20instruction

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The components of an ICAI program are problem-solving expertise, student model, and tutoring module.  9, record 3, English, - intelligent%20computer%2Daided%20instruction

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

For historical reasons, much of the research in the field of educational software involving artificial intelligence has been conducted under the name of "ICAI. "This acronym stands for "Intelligent Computer-Aided Instruction, "a phrase that evolved out of the name "Computer-Aided Instruction"(CAI)... Most recently, "ICAI" has often been replaced by the acronym "ITS, "for "Intelligent Tutoring Systems"....  10, record 3, English, - intelligent%20computer%2Daided%20instruction

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enseignement à partir du principe que les programmes à vocation pédagogique devraient être eux-mêmes des experts du domaine capables de résoudre les problèmes posés de différentes façons, de suivre et de critiquer les solutions de l'étudiant.  3, record 3, French, - enseignement%20intelligemment%20assist%C3%A9%20par%20ordinateur

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'E.I.A.O. consiste à appliquer la technicité des systèmes experts à l'E.A.O., l'expert en l'occurrence étant l'enseignant-pédagogue. L'E.A.O. pratique une analyse plus ou moins affinée des réponses des apprenants. L'E.I.A.O. ambitionne d'analyser le raisonnement de cet apprenant, de lui montrer d'autres formes de raisonnement ou l'aider à les découvrir [...]  2, record 3, French, - enseignement%20intelligemment%20assist%C3%A9%20par%20ordinateur

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le sigle est aussi celui d'un projet de recherche au Laboratoire de recherche informatique d'Orsay (France).  6, record 3, French, - enseignement%20intelligemment%20assist%C3%A9%20par%20ordinateur

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The East York Historical Society was formed in 1980 and incorporated in 1981 as a non-profit corporation affiliated with the Ontario Historical Society to bring together people interested in the diverse heritage of East York, to research, retain, preserve, and present historical data pertaining to the region.  3, record 4, English, - East%20York%20Historical%20Society

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Organisme local à but non lucratif fondé en 1980.  3, record 4, French, - East%20York%20Historical%20Society

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... a family of techniques in which known data such as historical population levels, age structure, etc. are used in conjunction with trends appearing in the indexes derived independently from the [research vessel] surveys and the commercial CPUE [catch per unit effort], to establish an estimate of the current population size.  1, record 7, English, - tuning

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] ensemble de techniques qui consistent à utiliser des données connues comme les effectifs antérieurs, la structure des populations en fonction de l'âge, etc., de concert avec les tendances que révèlent les indices établis de façon indépendante à partir des relevés des [navires de recherche] et des CPUE [captures par unité d'effort] de la flotte commerciale pour estimer la taille actuelle de la population.  1, record 7, French, - ajustement

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A research ... that examines longitudinal data obtained in the past to track the incidence of a particular disorder over time and its association with various risk factors.  1, record 8, English, - historical%20prospective%20study

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[The historical prospective study] is distinct from prospective research generally, which begins with individuals who are apparently healthy in the present and moves forward to investigate whether a specific disorder will occur over time.  1, record 8, English, - historical%20prospective%20study

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une étude prospective historique a été réalisée auprès de 201 primipares ayant eu une épisiotomie au cours de leur premier accouchement. L'objectif de cette étude était d'évaluer le taux d'épisiotomies chez les femmes ayant un antécédent d'épisiotomie.  2, record 8, French, - %C3%A9tude%20prospective%20historique

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

To penetrate a target, KE projectiles rely on velocity and not an explosive charge.... Historical research indicates that KE projectiles are responsible for forty percent of tanks knocked out in battle. Because KE projectiles are normally fired at very high velocity, they have a very flat trajectory(flight path), a decreased time of flight, and increased hit probability. The effectiveness of KE projectiles decreases at longer ranges, since the projectiles slow down during long flights.  4, record 9, English, - kinetic%20energy%20projectile

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

kinetic energy projectile; KE proj: designations officially approved by the Department of National Defence and the Canadian Forces.  5, record 9, English, - kinetic%20energy%20projectile

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

projectile à énergie cinétique : désignation uniformisée par le Comité de terminologie française du Conseil de doctrine et de tactique de l'Armée de terre.  3, record 9, French, - projectile%20%C3%A0%20%C3%A9nergie%20cin%C3%A9tique

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

projectile à énergie cinétique; proj EC : désignations uniformisées par le ministère de la Défense nationale et les Forces canadiennes.  3, record 9, French, - projectile%20%C3%A0%20%C3%A9nergie%20cin%C3%A9tique

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The [Treaties and Historical Research Centre] became known as the Claims and Historical Research Centre in the early 1990s.  1, record 13, English, - Claims%20and%20Historical%20Research%20Centre

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Research Group comprises positions that are primarily involved in the application of comprehensive scientific and professional knowledge to the planning, conduct, evaluation and management of fundamental research, knowledge enhancement, technology development and innovation relevant to defence science, historical research and archival science, mathematics and the natural sciences.  2, record 14, English, - Research%20Group

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The Defence Scientific Service, Historical Research, Mathematics, and Scientific Research Groups have been integrated with this occupational group, in conformity with the occupational group definitions published in the Canada Gazette on March 27, 1999.  3, record 14, English, - Research%20Group

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 3 OBS

RE: Government of Canada occupational group code.  3, record 14, English, - Research%20Group

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le groupe Recherche comprend les postes qui sont principalement liés à l'application d'une connaissance approfondie de spécialités scientifiques et professionnelles à la planification, à la réalisation, à l'évaluation et à la gestion d'activités de recherche fondamentale, de l'élargissement des connaissances, du développement de la technologie et de l'innovation liées aux sciences militaires, à la recherche historique, à l'archivistique, aux mathématiques et aux sciences naturelles.  2, record 14, French, - groupe%20Recherche

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Les groupes Services scientifiques de la défense, Recherche historique, Mathématique, et Recherche scientifique ont été intégrés dans ce groupe professionnel, conformément aux définitions des groupes professionnels publiées dans la Gazette du Canada le 27 mars 1999.  3, record 14, French, - groupe%20Recherche

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 3 OBS

RE : code de groupe professionnel du gouvernement du Canada.   3, record 14, French, - groupe%20Recherche

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Jake Thomas Learning Centre's objectives are to] establish a historical and current library resource centre whereby educators from all over the world can come to research and learn firsthand about the history and development of the Iroquoian people[, to] carry on educational programs in order to promote the knowledge of Iroquoian culture and language[, ]... to provide funds to charitable organizations which carry on such educational programs [and to] design, develop and maintain a language development program whereby all aspects of the Iroquoian language can be preserved and taught to all age groups.  2, record 15, English, - Jake%20Thomas%20Learning%20Centre

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Centre d'apprentissage Jake-Thomas : traduction littérale donnée à titre d'information seulement.  2, record 15, French, - Jake%20Thomas%20Learning%20Centre

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The field of data analysis.  2, record 16, English, - analytics

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Analytics often involves studying past historical data to research potential trends, to analyze the effects of certain decisions or event, or to evaluate the performance of a given tool or scenario.  2, record 16, English, - analytics

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 PHR

social media analytics, web analytics  3, record 16, English, - analytics

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'analytique sous-entend une large utilisation des données, des analyses statistiques et quantitatives, des modèles explicatifs et prédictifs et du management factuel pour guider des décisions et actions.  2, record 16, French, - analytique

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 PHR

analytique des médias sociaux, analytique Web  3, record 16, French, - analytique

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Casi la totalidad de los encuestados usa una herramienta de analítica y hace análisis de tendencias y reportes de información de sus negocios. [...] las empresas mayoritariamente implementan técnicas de analítica para identificar patrones en los datos de su negocio, más que sólidas relaciones causales entre ellos.  2, record 16, Spanish, - anal%C3%ADtica

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 PHR

analítica web  3, record 16, Spanish, - anal%C3%ADtica

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Mission :] Undertakes historical research and identifies historical landmarks in Essa Township. Activities include regular meetings, cemetery research, and installing plaques at local historical sites.  3, record 17, English, - Essa%20Historical%20Society

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A small national organization founded in 1979 ... member of [the] Federation of Eastern European Family History Societies.  4, record 18, English, - Ukrainian%20Genealogical%20and%20Historical%20Society

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Objectives... Promote a sense of identity for families who have connections originating in Ukraine and those who have been affected by such origin. Encourage individuals and families to research their family tree. Provide assistance to individuals or families who request help with their ancestral lineage. Encourage individuals to write their personal histories as well as those of their ancestors. Function as a historical resource center to collect and preserve the family history of our heritage for future generations. Emphasize the value of Ukrainian language, through the written and spoken word. Encourage fellowship on a local, provincial, state, national, and international level. Encourage the formation of genealogical chapters promoting the preservation of Ukrainian heritage. Collect family histories, pedigree charts, family group sheets, books, manuscripts, pertaining to Ukrainian genealogy and heraldry.  5, record 18, English, - Ukrainian%20Genealogical%20and%20Historical%20Society

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A small national organization founded in 1989. [Its mission is] to encourage and to advance [the] study [of] and research about quiltmakers, quilts and quiltmaking [and] to promote contemporary quilts and to preserve historical quilts.  3, record 19, English, - Canadian%20Quilt%20Study%20Group

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Organisme national de petite envergure fondé en 1989.  3, record 19, French, - Canadian%20Quilt%20Study%20Group

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Historical research begins with documentary evidence. The information [that is found] reveals not only what 18th-century people did, but how they thought and why they made the choices they did.  2, record 20, English, - historical%20research

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Thème omniprésent dans l’univers médiatique et le débat public, la «mondialisation» est devenue un cadre de réflexion que certains courants historiographiques souhaiteraient imposer à la recherche historique, notamment en France, y compris pour des périodes éloignées du temps présent, tel le Moyen Âge.  2, record 20, French, - recherche%20historique

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The American Society for Theatre Research(ASTR) is a U. S.-based professional organization that fosters scholarship on worldwide theatre and performance, both historical and contemporary.  3, record 21, English, - American%20Society%20for%20Theatre%20Research

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

This project was important to CCI [Canadian Conservation Institute] not only because of the work's cultural and historical importance and visibility, but also because it contributed to important research knowledge concerning the role of vibration in causing cracks in brittle paintings and to the development of expert treatment skills to help address issues of vibration and structural deterioration in oversize paintings.  1, record 22, English, - oversize%20painting

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ce projet était important pour l'ICC [Institut canadien de conservation] non seulement à cause de son importance sur le plan culturel et historique, mais aussi en raison du fait qu'il contribuait à accroître considérablement les recherches et les connaissances concernant le rôle des vibrations dans l'apparition de fissures sur les peintures fragiles, ainsi qu'au développement d'habiletés professionnelles pour le traitement des problèmes engendrés par la vibration et la détérioration structurale des peintures surdimensionnées.  1, record 22, French, - peinture%20surdimensionn%C3%A9e

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A control group made up of persons who have been observed on an occasion previous to the present one involving observation of the group of interest.  1, record 23, English, - historical%20control

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The validity of comparisons with this type of control group is suspect because the historical group is likely to differ from the current group in its composition, diagnosis, disease severity, measurement of outcomes, or other important ways that could influence the research findings. It may be feasible to use historical controls in special instances where the outcomes of a standard treatment(or no treatment) are well known and vary little for a given population.  1, record 23, English, - historical%20control

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

historical control: term and definition standardized by the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Glossary English Editorial Board and the Translation Bureau.  3, record 23, English, - historical%20control

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Groupe témoin formé de personnes ayant fait l’objet d’une observation antérieure à celle qui est effectuée dans le groupe étudié.  1, record 23, French, - groupe%20t%C3%A9moin%20historique

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La validité des comparaisons avec ce type de groupe témoin est douteuse, car ce dernier est susceptible de différer du groupe contemporain quant à sa composition, au diagnostic, à la gravité de la maladie, à la mesure des résultats ou à d’autres éléments importants susceptibles d’avoir une influence sur les résultats de la recherche. Il est possible d’utiliser des groupes témoins historiques dans des circonstances particulières où les résultats d’un traitement standard (ou de l’absence de traitement) sont bien connus et varient peu dans une population donnée.  1, record 23, French, - groupe%20t%C3%A9moin%20historique

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

groupe témoin historique; groupe témoin rétrospectif : termes et définition normalisés par l'Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux (INESSS) et le Bureau de la traduction.  2, record 23, French, - groupe%20t%C3%A9moin%20historique

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The emergence of untaught stimulus relations following a history of reinforcement for relating the stimuli in finite ways.  2, record 24, English, - stimulus%20equivalence

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Stimulus equivalence research suggested that "meanings and referents" reside not only in current circumstances of use but also in the relational networks into which historical experiences have placed verbal stimuli...  2, record 24, English, - stimulus%20equivalence

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L’analyse des mécanismes d’apprentissage des réponses relationnelles s’est développée sur la base des travaux de [l'auteur] sur l’équivalence de stimulus [...] L’apport de ces travaux a été de mettre en évidence que certaines relations peuvent être apprises sans avoir été directement enseignées [...]  2, record 24, French, - %C3%A9quivalence%20de%20stimulus

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

prepared by Helen Ryan. Ottawa: The Centre 1981?. 105 p. Also 1986, 133 p.  1, record 25, English, - Survey%20of%20Documents%20Available%20for%20Research%20in%20the%20Treaties%20and%20Historical%20Research%20Centre

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ottawa, Treaties and Historical Research Centre, 1982. 185 pages.  2, record 26, English, - Native%20Studies%20in%20Canada%3A%20A%20Research%20Guide

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Information found in the Union Catalogue of the Library of the Translation Bureau of Canada.  2, record 26, English, - Native%20Studies%20in%20Canada%3A%20A%20Research%20Guide

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Renseignements trouvés dans le catalogue collectif de la Bibliothèque du Bureau de la traduction du Canada.  2, record 26, French, - Les%20%C3%A9tudes%20autochtones%20au%20Canada%20%3A%20guide%20de%20recherche

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ottawa, Treaties and Historical Research Centre, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, 1984.  1, record 27, English, - Indian%20Government%20Under%20Indian%20Act%20Legislation%2C%201868%2D1951

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Affaires indiennes et du Nord Canada, Ottawa, Centre de la recherche historique et de l'étude des traités, 1984.  1, record 27, French, - L%27administration%20indienne%20en%20vertu%20de%20la%20l%C3%A9gislation%20relative%20aux%20Indiens%2C%201868%2D1951

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

"In 1906, the Provincial Museum(as it was called then) was formed to "secure and preserve natural history specimens and objects of historical and ethnological interest". Since these early beginnings, the Museum's purpose has expanded to use these specimens and objects to educate communities through our programs, exhibits and research. By clearly defining our current vision, mission and mandate, we provide ourselves with a guidepost to follow when building exhibits, delivering programs and doing research"  1, record 28, English, - Royal%20Saskatchewan%20Museum

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The community events are for the purpose of ... developing collective community narratives about the impact of the IRS [Indian residential school] system on former students, families and communities ...  1, record 29, English, - collective%20community%20narrative

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 CONT

... creating a record or statement of community narratives including truths, insights and recommendations for use in the historical research and report, national events, and for inclusion in the research centre.  1, record 29, English, - collective%20community%20narrative

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les événements communautaires ont les fonctions suivantes [...] établir des narrations communautaires des effets du système des pensionnats sur les anciens élèves, leurs familles et les collectivités [...]  1, record 29, French, - narration%20communautaire

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A higher education establishment where the following subjects are taught : earth science, life sciences, historical sciences, philological sciences, and religious sciences. Two research institutes are attached to the EPHE, namely : The European Institute for the Sciences of Religions(IESR) and the "Institut d’études des gouvernances humaines"(IEGH).  1, record 30, English, - Practical%20School%20for%20Higher%20Studies

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'EPHE [École pratique des hautes études] est une grande école qui propose des études dans les domaines suivants : sciences de la vie et de la terre, sciences historiques et philologiques, sciences religieuses. Deux instituts de recherche y sont rattachés : l'Institut européen en sciences des religions (IESR) et l'Institut d'études des gouvernances humaines (IEGH).  1, record 30, French, - %C3%89cole%20pratique%20des%20hautes%20%C3%A9tudes

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Of the Global Change and the Antarctic (GLOCHANT).  1, record 31, English, - Antarctic%20Sea%2Dice%20Processes%2C%20Ecosystems%20and%20Climate

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 2 OBS

ASPeCt is a programme of multi-disciplinary Antarctic sea ice zone research within the SCAR Global Change Programme. ASPeCt will specifically address key identified deficiencies in our understanding and data from the sea ice zone. The programme is designed to complement and to contribute to the other international programmes in this region and will build on existing and proposed research programmes, and the shipping activities of National Antarctic operators, and will also include a component of data-rescue of valuable historical sea ice zone information.  1, record 31, English, - Antarctic%20Sea%2Dice%20Processes%2C%20Ecosystems%20and%20Climate

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Appellation et abréviation confirmées par l'organisme.  2, record 31, French, - Antarctic%20Sea%2Dice%20Processes%2C%20Ecosystems%20and%20Climate

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Chief Trader: Hudson’s Bay Company officer responsible for the actual fur bactering. Chief traders were generally promoted to their position after having honed their skills as a clerk in the service of the Company for at least 15-20 years.  2, record 32, English, - chief%20trader

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

According to Terry Smythe, Historical Research Division, Parks Canada, "chief trader" is a term used by the Hudson's Bay Company to refer to a rank of company officer. After 1821, fur traders in charge of the posts were given shares and made officers. In order of rank the officers were known as "chief factors", "chief traders" and "post masters".  3, record 32, English, - chief%20trader

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Traiteur en chef: Officier de la Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson responsable du troc des fourrures. Les Traiteurs en chef étaient généralement promus à cette position après avoir exercé leurs qualités de commis au service de la compagnie pendant au moins 15 à 20 ans.  1, record 32, French, - traiteur%20en%20chef

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Selon Terry Smythe, Division des recherches historiques, Parcs Canada, le terme anglais «chief trader» était utilisé par la Compagnie de la baie d'Hudson, mais aucun équivalent français n'a pu être trouvé dans la documentation française de cette époque. D'habitude dans cette Division, on écrit le terme anglais en italique ou on fait une paraphrase. Néanmoins, le terme «agent principal» donne l'idée générale de «chief trader», mais ne fait pas de distinction entre «chief trader» et «chief factor».  2, record 32, French, - traiteur%20en%20chef

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Is a not-for-profit membership corporation of universities, archives, historical societies, national libraries, museums, and other institutions devoted to improving access to information, that supports research and learning.  1, record 33, English, - Research%20Libraries%20Group

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Environment Canada.  1, record 34, English, - Historical%20Research%20Branch

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Environnement Canada.  1, record 34, French, - Direction%20de%20la%20recherche%20historique

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The New Rural Economy Project Phase 2(NRE2) is a research and education program studying rural Canada since 1998. It is a collaborative undertaking bringing together rural people, researchers, policy-analysts, the business community, and government agencies at all levels to identify and address vital rural issues. It is conducted at the national level with historical and statistical data analysis, and at the local level with case studies involving community and household surveys. The NRE's mandate has been extended through 2006 with the help of a major grant from the INITIATIVE ON THE NEW ECONOMY Program(INE) of the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada.  1, record 35, English, - New%20Rural%20Economy

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le projet de recherche sur la Nouvelle Économie Rurale (NÉR) est un programme de recherche et d'éducation en marche au Canada rural depuis 1998. Le projet regroupe des habitants des régions rurales, des chercheurs, des analystes de politiques gouvernementales, des gens d'affaires et des représentants d'agences gouvernementales à tous les niveaux afin d'examiner les questions d'importance vitale pour les régions rurales. Il opère au niveau national par l'entremise d'analystes historiques et statistiques, et au niveau local, par le biais d'études sous forme de sondages menés auprès des localités ou des foyers individuels. Le mandat du projet de la NÉR a été renouvelé jusqu'en 2006 grâce à une subvention majeure de INITIATIVE DE LA NOUVELLE ÉCONOMIE, un programme du Conseil de recherches en sciences humaines du Canada.  1, record 35, French, - Nouvelle%20%C3%A9conomie%20rurale

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Canadian Cartographic Association was founded in 1975 with the aims of :-Promoting interest in maps and related cartographic materials.-Futhering the understanding and knowledge of maps by encouraging research in the field of cartography, both historical and current.-Providing for the exchange of ideas and information and for the discussion of mutual concerns, through meetings and by publications.-Advancing education in cartography and in the use of maps.  1, record 37, English, - Canadian%20Cartographic%20Association

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'Association Canadienne de Cartographie a été créée en 1975 avec comme objectif de: - Promouvoir l'intérêt pour les cartes et le matériel cartographique associé. - Faire avancer la compréhension et la connaissance des cartes en encourageant la recherche dans le domaine de la cartographie, tant historique qu'actuelle. - Favoriser les échanges d'idées et d'informations et les discussions sur des sujets d'intérêt communs à travers des rencontres et des publications. - Favoriser l'enseignement de la cartographie et de l'utilisation des cartes.  1, record 37, French, - Association%20Canadienne%20de%20Cartographie

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Simone de Beauvoir Institute, established in 1978, is an integral part of life at Concordia University and the broader Montréal community. The Institute is a college of Concordia University, dedicated to women's studies with a tradition of excellence in teaching, research and co-curricular activities. Each year, the Institute offers original, cutting-edge courses which explore the historical and contemporary aspects of feminisms and related issues.  1, record 38, English, - Simone%20de%20Beauvoir%20Institute

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Université Concordia.  1, record 38, French, - Institut%20Simone%20de%20Beauvoir

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The International Association of Centers for Federal Studies(IACFS) is an interdisciplinary association of Centers and Institutes throughout the world with interests in independent research and publication about political, constitutional, legal, administrative, fiscal, economic, historical and philosophical issues relevant to political systems which have federal features. The Association seeks to further the study and understanding of federal principles and patterns in all their variety.  1, record 39, English, - International%20Association%20of%20Centers%20for%20Federal%20Studies

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Appellation confirmée par le président, et professeur à l'Institut des relations intergouvernementales de la Queen's University.  2, record 39, French, - L%27Association%20internationale%20des%20centres%20d%27%C3%A9tudes%20du%20f%C3%A9d%C3%A9ralisme

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 2 OBS

L'Association internationale des centres d'études du fédéralisme (IACFS) regroupe dans le monde des centres et des instituts privés de recherche et produisant des publications sur des questions politiques, constitutionnelles, juridiques, administratives, fiscales, économiques, historiques, et philosophiques liées aux systèmes politiques fédéraux ou ayant des aspects caractéristiques du fédéralisme. L'IACFS fut fondée en 1973 afin de développer l'étude et la compréhension des principes du fédéralisme et des formes diverses de la gouvernance fédérale.  1, record 39, French, - L%27Association%20internationale%20des%20centres%20d%27%C3%A9tudes%20du%20f%C3%A9d%C3%A9ralisme

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 3 OBS

En contexte, l'usage le plus répandu consiste à mettre l'article qui accompagnerait le nom si celui-ci était traduit en français. «University» se traduisant par Université, nom féminin en français, l'article «la» serait normalement élidé du fait de la rencontre des deux voyelles (le «a» de la et le «U» de «University»). Par contre, pour des raisons d'euphonie (le son «l'iou» est désagréable à l'oreille), il est recommandé de ne pas élider l'article «la».  3, record 39, French, - L%27Association%20internationale%20des%20centres%20d%27%C3%A9tudes%20du%20f%C3%A9d%C3%A9ralisme

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ottawa, Canadian Heritage. This database indexes articles, research reports, and book and exhibit reviews found in the following journals : Material History Review(published by the National Museum of Science & Technology) ;Museums Quarterly/Annual(published by the Ontario Museum Association) ;and Ontario History(published by the Ontario Historical Society). Historians and curators find this database of particular benefit, as do others researching heritage and culture. Data are recorded in English, although abstracts in French are included where available.  1, record 40, English, - Curatorial%20and%20Historical%20Index%20of%20Publications

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ottawa : Patrimoine canadien. Cette base de données recense des articles, des rapports de recherche, des livres et des objets d'exposition contenus ou mentionnés dans : la Revue d'histoire de la culture matérielle (publiée par le Musée national des sciences et de la technologie); la revue Museums Quarterly/Annual (publiée par l'Association des musées de l'Ontario); et la revue Ontario History (publiée par l'Association historique de l'Ontario). Cet outil est destiné non seulement aux conservateurs et aux historiens des musées, mais aussi à toute personne intéressée par la culture et le patrimoine. Les données de l'Index des publications sur l'histoire et la conservation des collections sont en anglais, mais les résumés en français y sont inclus lorsqu'ils sont disponibles.  1, record 40, French, - Index%20des%20publications%20sur%20l%27histoire%20et%20la%20conservation%20des%20collections

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Compiled by the Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts and the National Gallery in Washington. Ottawa, Canadian Heritage, 1997. HTML. Internet(WWW). "This database provides a directory to art historical and related research projects that are currently funded by institutions in various countries around the world. Information on the projects is accessible by geographical area, historical period, medium, discipline, and theme. "  2, record 41, English, - Sponsored%20Research%20in%20the%20History%20of%20Art

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Ceased publishing.  3, record 41, English, - Sponsored%20Research%20in%20the%20History%20of%20Art

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Compilée par le Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts et la National Gallery de Washington. Ottawa, 1997--. HTML. Base de données. Internet (WWW).«Cette base de données est un répertoire des projets en histoire de l'art et domaines connexes actuellement subventionnés par des institutions dans différents pays du monde. Les renseignements sur ces projets sont accessibles par région géographique, période historique, médium, discipline et thème.»  2, record 41, French, - Base%20de%20donn%C3%A9es%20recherches%20commandit%C3%A9es%20en%20histoire%20de%20l%27art

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 2 OBS

A cessé de paraître.  3, record 41, French, - Base%20de%20donn%C3%A9es%20recherches%20commandit%C3%A9es%20en%20histoire%20de%20l%27art

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Concise national gazetteer.- The Placenames Office produced a concise bilingual gazetteer, Gasaitéar na hÉireann / Gazetter of Ireland, (Dublin, 1989)... A new edition of the gazetteer ... is due for publication in early 2003. The new edition will contain over 4,000 standardised names ... The names range from those of major physical features to those of places which are centres of social importance ...  1, record 42, English, - concise%20national%20gazetteer

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The USGS Professional Paper 1200, "The National Gazetteer of the United States of America", is derived from GNIS and is available for eight States; a concise National Gazetteer is also available.  3, record 42, English, - concise%20national%20gazetteer

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... France was preparing a concise gazetteer based on maps at scale 1 : 1, 000, 000, and research and compilation efforts were utilizing previous gazetteers and other source materials as well as maps. There was controversy concerning the inclusion of current and historical names.  4, record 42, English, - concise%20national%20gazetteer

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Concise National Gazetteer: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.  5, record 42, English, - concise%20national%20gazetteer

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La deuxième Conférence des Nations Unies sur la normalisation des noms géographiques, en 1977, a considéré que la publication de répertoires nationaux complets pourrait ne pas être immédiatement possible dans certains pays. Eu égard néanmoins au fait que la communauté internationale avait besoin d'un stock de base de noms officiels de chaque pays, la Conférence a recommandé aux pays de publier des listes provisoires de noms normalisés.  3, record 42, French, - r%C3%A9pertoire%20national%20concis

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 2 OBS

répertoire national concis : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.  4, record 42, French, - r%C3%A9pertoire%20national%20concis

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

If the document review or other historical research indicates a problem, inspectors will conduct a walk-through of the property to search for and assess any physical evidence of contamination or any other environmental hazard.  1, record 43, English, - document%20review

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Si l'étude des documents ou la recherche historique met en évidence un problème, les inspecteurs effectueront une visite de la propriété pour trouver et évaluer toute preuve matérielle de contamination ou d'autres dangers pour l'environnement.  1, record 43, French, - %C3%A9tude%20des%20documents

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Advisory Committee on the Protection of Special Places was established in 1981 to advise the minister responsible for the Special Plans Protection Act. Chaired by the executive director of heritage, it makes recommendations concerning the administration, classification and acquisition of archaelogical and historical remains and palaeontological sites; conducts research on existing and possible future special places; conducts research concerning the possible removal from designation of existing special places; and insures that persons affected by a special places designation which is being considered have the opportunity to be heard by the committee.  2, record 44, English, - Advisory%20Committee%20on%20the%20Protection%20of%20Special%20Places

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The description of history with changes in a few key facts or events as the basis for speculation of a different outcome.  4, record 45, English, - counterfactual%20history

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Virtual history, also referred to as counterfactual history, is a form of history which attempts to answer "what if" questions. It seeks to explore history and historical processes from the point of view of extrapolating a position in which certain key historical events did not happen or had an outcome which was different to that which did in fact occur. Most historians regard counterfactual history as sometimes entertaining, but not meeting the standards of mainstream historical research due to its speculative nature.  5, record 45, English, - counterfactual%20history

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Favorite] subjects for counterfactual history conjecture include: ... "What if the Confederacy won the Civil War?" ... What if the Kaiser’s Germany won World War I?" ...  3, record 45, English, - counterfactual%20history

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

D'abord, comment désigne-t-on cet exercice qui consiste à faire l'histoire avec des «si» ? Les Anglais disent What if? Il y a d'ailleurs des collections entières de livres anglais qui portent ce titre. C'est un titre prosaïque qui diminue sans doute un peu le sujet. On peut, en termes plus abstraits, parler d'histoire contrefactuelle ou virtuelle. Un de nos compatriotes du XIXe siècle, Charles Renouvier, avait inventé un substantif féminin, l'uchronie, construit à partir du grec sur le modèle d'utopie, pour désigner l'histoire faite en pensée, telle qu'elle aurait pu être et qu'elle n'a pas été.  1, record 45, French, - histoire%20contrefactuelle

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Extracts from the Federal Heritage Buildings Policy.(Parks Canada). Designation of Federal Heritage Buildings. All federal buildings 40 years old or older for which alteration, demolition, or disposal are planned must be identified and referred to the Federal Heritage Buildings Review Office(FHBRO) for evaluation, in order to determine if the buildings have heritage value. Also to be evaluated are buildings 40 years old or older whose acquisition is being contemplated. The Federal Heritage Buildings Review Office will evaluate the identified buildings to determine if they merit heritage designation. Parks Canada will prepare research that addresses historical, architectural and environmental criteria, as well as any other relevant information, as a basis for this evaluation. A building evaluated as a heritage building will be recommended for designation as a "classified" or as a "recognized" federal heritage building. A classified building is the higher of these two designations. The Federal Heritage Buildings Review Office will convey the recommended designation(classified or recognized) to the custodial department. The recommendation will be accompanied by a statement of heritage character. A federal building which has been designated under this policy will be entered in the Register of Federal Heritage Buildings, along with a statement of its heritage character.  2, record 46, English, - statement%20of%20heritage%20character

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The expression "statement of significance" must not be used instead of "statement of heritage character."  2, record 46, English, - statement%20of%20heritage%20character

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 2 OBS

statement of heritage character; heritage character statement: terms used by Parks Canada.  3, record 46, English, - statement%20of%20heritage%20character

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Extraits de la Politique sur les édifices fédéraux du patrimoine. (Parcs Canada). Désignation des édifices fédéraux du patrimoine. Tous les édifices fédéraux de quarante ans ou plus dont l'aliénation, la démolition ou la modification est prévue doivent être identifiés et doivent être présentés au Bureau d'examen des édifices fédéraux du patrimoine (BEÉFP) pour évaluation de leur valeur patrimoniale. Il en est de même pour un édifice de quarante ans ou plus dont on prévoit l'acquisition. Le Bureau d'examen des édifices fédéraux du patrimoine évalue les édifices ainsi identifiés en se fondant sur les recherches entreprises par Parcs Canada à partir de critères d'évaluation établis portant sur l'histoire, l'architecture et l'environnement, et de toute autre information pertinente. Si l'évaluation est positive, une recommandation pour désignation comme édifice fédéral du patrimoine classé ou reconnu pourra être faite. La cote classée correspond à la valeur la plus élevée. Un édifice fédéral désigné en vertu de la présente politique est inscrit au Répertoire des édifices fédéraux du patrimoine avec son énoncé de valeur patrimoniale. Le Bureau d'examen des édifices fédéraux du patrimoine fait connaître au ministère responsable la désignation qu'il recommande, avec un énoncé de la valeur patrimoniale de l'édifice en question.  2, record 46, French, - %C3%A9nonc%C3%A9%20de%20valeur%20patrimoniale

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

énoncé de valeur patrimoniale : terme en usage à Parcs Canada.  3, record 46, French, - %C3%A9nonc%C3%A9%20de%20valeur%20patrimoniale

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The main purpose of the British Columbia Historical Federation is to stimulate public interest and encourage research in the history of British Columbia. The Federation provides a single, collective voice for member societies working to preserve the province's history. The British Columbia Historial Association was established on 31 October 1922 and on 2 March 1927, the Association was registered under the Societies Act. It was renamed the British Columbia Historical Federation on 29 July 1983--a name that better reflects the role as an umbrella organization for provincial historical societies. The Federation is a non-profit organization registered as a charitable society under the Income Tax Act.  1, record 47, English, - British%20Columbia%20Historical%20Federation

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Title and abbreviation confirmed by the association.  2, record 47, English, - British%20Columbia%20Historical%20Federation

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Appellation et abréviation confirmées par l'organisme.  2, record 47, French, - British%20Columbia%20Historical%20Federation

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions(CIHM) was established in 1978 to locate early printed Canadian materials(books, annuals, and periodicals), preserve their content on microfilm, and make the resulting Early Canadiana Research Collection available to libraries and archives in Canada and abroad.  1, record 48, English, - Canadian%20Institute%20for%20Historical%20Microreproductions

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'Institut canadien de microreproductions historiques (ICMH) a été établi en 1978 pour situer les premiers documents imprimés canadiens (livres, publications annuelles et périodiques) afin de préserver leur contenu sur microfilm et de rendre La collection de recherche de Canadiana anciens qui en découlent accessibles aux bibliothèques et aux archives au Canada et à l'étranger.  1, record 48, French, - Institut%20canadien%20de%20microreproductions%20historiques

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ESRI was founded as Environmental Systems Research Institute in 1969 as a privately held consulting firm that specialized inland use analysis projects. Originally located in a historical home among orange groves, the worldwide headquarters of ESRI are now anchored in a multicampus environment in Redlands, California.  1, record 49, English, - Environmental%20Systems%20Research%20Institute

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Canadian Heritage Gallery mission statement is : to promote the accessibility, and research of Canadian Heritage by publishing via the Internet an extensive collection of historical photos, original documents, canadian artwork, maps, and illustrations, fully documented and researched for historical authenticity, and presented in a "user friendly" format; and to advance dissemination of materials and information pertaining to the Heritage of Canada.  2, record 50, English, - Canadian%20Heritage%20Gallery

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Environment Canada.  1, record 51, English, - Historical%20Research%20Division

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Environnement Canada.  1, record 51, French, - Division%20des%20recherches%20historiques

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In the new occupational group definitions published in the Canada Gazette on March 27th, 1999, this occupational group was integrated into the Research Group.  1, record 52, English, - Historical%20Research%20Group

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Terms and abbreviation approved by the Universal Classification Standard Division, Treasury Board Secretariat.  1, record 52, English, - Historical%20Research%20Group

Record 52,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans les nouvelles définitions des groupes professionnels publiées dans la Gazette du Canada le 27 mars 1999, ce groupe professionnel est intégré au groupe Recherche.  1, record 52, French, - groupe%20Recherche%20historique

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Termes et abréviation entérinés par la Division de la Norme générale de classification, Secrétariat du Conseil du Trésor.  1, record 52, French, - groupe%20Recherche%20historique

Record 52,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 53,  Textual support,  English

Record 53,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Direction de la recherche et de l'évaluation.  1, record 53, French, - Centre%20de%20la%20recherche%20historique

Record 53,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 54,  Textual support,  French

Record 54,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 55,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Launched by the Government of Japan. Consists of two parts. Promotes support for historical research into relations in the modern era between Japan and the neighbouring countries of Asia and elsewhere and rapid expansion of exchanges with those countries.  1, record 55, English, - Peace%2C%20Friendship%20and%20Exchange%20Initiative

Record 55,  Textual support,  French

Record 55,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 56,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Truly rare quality Canadian coins are very infrequently offered or sold. In many cases, rare coins may appear only once every few years of possibly only once every major coin cycle(5-8 years). The last sale of such an item may be meaningless as an aid to repricing such a coin in a "new" market. "Trends" for such coins are non-existant. Such coins are usually priced by relating them to other similar coins of comparable rarity and using historical relationships of pricing between the two to arrive at a "fair" asking price. In the end the price will be what a willing buyer will pay a willing seller. Considerable research may go in to pricing such coins, certainly more than looking them up in a Trends List.  1, record 56, English, - pricing%20rare%20coins

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Victorian and Edward VII coins in original MS-65 or better grade are rare coins.  1, record 56, English, - pricing%20rare%20coins

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 3 OBS

See related term: trends (plural).  1, record 56, English, - pricing%20rare%20coins

Record 56,  Textual support,  French

Record 56,  Textual support,  Spanish