TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"Zinjanthropus", "Nutcracker Man", Australopithecus boisei. Discovered by Mary Leakey in 1959 at Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania(Leakey 1959). Estimated age is 1. 8 million years. It is an almost complete cranium, with a brain size about 530 cc. This was the first specimen of this species. Louis Leakey briefly considered this a human ancestor, but the claim was dropped when Homo habilis was found soon afterwards.  2, record 1, English, - nutcracker%20man

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ce qu'ont découvert des anthropologues, et qui s'est mérité la Une de la revue Nature cette semaine, est un crâne ainsi qu'une mâchoire d'une espèce appelée Australopithécus boisei, une sous-espèce d'australopithèque - nos plus anciens ancêtres hominidés connus - dont le premier crâne avait été retrouvé en 1959 dans la Gorge d'Olduvai, en Tanzanie. L'australopithecus boisei est connu pour sa mâchoire massive et pour ses très grandes dents arrière, de la taille d'une pièce de monnaie, qui lui ont valu le surnom de «homme casse-noisettes».  2, record 1, French, - homme%20casse%2Dnoisettes

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Entre aussi dans cette catégorie «l'Homme casse-noisettes», découvert dans la gorge d'Olduvaï par Louis Leakey, le beau-père de Meave.  3, record 1, French, - homme%20casse%2Dnoisettes

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A type of fossil human that is a subspecies of Homo sapiens and is distinguished by low broad braincase, continuous arched browbridges, projecting occipital region, short limbs, and large joints.  3, record 2, English, - Neandertal%20man

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Neanderthalensis man, who lived about 100,000 years ago is a transition, a lateral branch or race.  4, record 2, English, - Neandertal%20man

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'homme de Neandertal est le type d'une population qui vécut au début de la dernière glaciation, entre -80 000 et -35 000 ans environ, en Europe et au Proche-Orient.  2, record 2, French, - homme%20de%20Neandertal

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les hommes de Neandertal sont parfois appelés paléanthropiens.  2, record 2, French, - homme%20de%20Neandertal

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, indica que la palabra "Neandertal" se escribe con inicial mayúscula cuando forma parte de la expresión "hombre de Neandertal", pero en minúscula cuando se emplea como nombre común para designar a los miembros de esa especie extinta: los neandertales.  1, record 2, Spanish, - hombre%20de%20Neandertal

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Funeral rites are as old as human culture itself, pre-dating modern Homo sapiens and dated to at least 300, 000 years ago.  2, record 3, English, - funeral%20rite

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Final funeral rites.  3, record 3, English, - funeral%20rite

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les rites funéraires mohawks sont assez complexes : selon leurs croyances, le voyage vers l'au-delà se déroule tant dans le monde du soleil que celui des terrains de chasse éternels. C'est pourquoi les objets utilisés pour perpétuer le voyage vers ces milieux spirituels sont fort variés, et représentent tantôt des outils pour la chasse, tantôt des offrandes au dieu du soleil et à la terre-nourricière.  2, record 3, French, - rite%20fun%C3%A9raire

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

rite : geste, célébration prescrit(e) par la liturgie d'une religion.  3, record 3, French, - rite%20fun%C3%A9raire

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Derniers rites funéraires.  4, record 3, French, - rite%20fun%C3%A9raire

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Palaeolithic. Beginning with the emergence of man and the manufacture of the most ancient tools some 2 1/2 to 3 million years ago, the Palaeolithic period lasted through most of the Pleistocene Ice Age until the final retreat of the ice sheets in about 8300 B. C. [Before Christ] It is generally subdivided into : Lower Palaeolithic, with the earliest forms of man(Australopithecus and Homo Erectus), and the predominance of Core tools of Pebble Tool, Handaxe and Chopper type; Middle Palaeolithic, the era of Neanderthal Man and the predominance of Flake-tool industries(e. g. Mousterian) over most of Eurasia; Upper Palaeolithic(starting perhaps as early as 38, 000 B. C.), with Homo Sapiens, Blade-and-Burin industries and the Cave Art of western Europe.  5, record 4, English, - Paleolithic

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Capitalization. Terms that refer to events and periods are often capitalized when they refer to specific events or periods and lower-cased when used in a general sense: the Ice Age; the most recent ice age ...  6, record 4, English, - Paleolithic

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Seconde période de l'âge de la pierre, suivant l'Éolithique et précédant le Mésolithique [...] caractérisée par une mise en forme des pierres par taillage dans le but de confectionner des outils.  2, record 4, French, - Pal%C3%A9olithique

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Paléolithique : Terme créé en 1865 pour désigner l'Âge de la Pierre ancienne par opposition à celui qui désigne l'Âge de la Pierre nouvelle.  3, record 4, French, - Pal%C3%A9olithique

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Majuscule ou minuscule. En français, l'usage semble être flottant. Dans les dictionnaires généraux (Robert électronique et Larousse encyclopédique), le nom «paléolithique» s'écrit en minuscule. Dans les ouvrages et textes spécialisés, les spécialistes utilisent généralement la majuscule initiale «Paléolithique».  4, record 4, French, - Pal%C3%A9olithique

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Período cultural prehistórico caracterizado por la existencia de útiles y herramientas de piedra tallada. Corresponde a la mayor parte del Cuaternario y se subdivide en: Inferior, Medio y Superior, que se suceden desde hace unos 2 millones de años hasta hace unos 9.000 años.  1, record 4, Spanish, - paleol%C3%ADtico

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Period covering the time from ca. [calendar age] 550,000 - 70,000 years before the modern era and including the pre-Chellean, and Acheulian stages.  3, record 5, English, - Lower%20Paleolithic

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Lower Paleolithic is therefore the oldest, dating from about 600, 000 B. C. [before Christ], and is occupied by such cultures as Chou-kou-tienian, Clactonian, Abbeville-Acheulian, and Levalloisian, which were developed by such predecessors of Homo Sapiens as Heidelbergman, Java and Peking Man.  4, record 5, English, - Lower%20Paleolithic

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Capitalization. Terms that refer to events and periods are often capitalized when they refer to specific events or periods and lower-cased when used in a general sense: the Ice Age; the most recent ice age ...  5, record 5, English, - Lower%20Paleolithic

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les industries lithiques du Paléolithique inférieur témoignent du lent processus d'évolution de l'esprit humain depuis les galets taillés de la pebble culture jusqu'aux bifaces affinés de l'Acheuléen. On distingue deux types d'industries, suivant que l'Homme taille le nucléus primitif jusqu'à l'obtention d'un biface ou bien qu'il utilise les enlevés de ce nucléus.  3, record 5, French, - Pal%C3%A9olithique%20inf%C3%A9rieur

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Majuscule ou minuscule. En français, l'usage semble être flottant. Dans les dictionnaires généraux (Robert électronique et Larousse encyclopédique), le nom «paléolithique» s'écrit en minuscule. Dans les ouvrages et textes spécialisés, les spécialistes utilisent généralement la majuscule initiale «Paléolithique».  4, record 5, French, - Pal%C3%A9olithique%20inf%C3%A9rieur

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A dimer is something made up of two subunits(a trimer is made up of three subunits, a manomer has one subunit). So a dimeric protein is made up of two individual protein chains. Now, you could have two or the same thin, say, A and A, or you could have two different subunits, say, A and B. "Homo" means the same, so a homodimeric protein is made up of two identical subunits. If it was made up of A and B, it would be a "heterodimer" or heterodimeric protein.  3, record 6, English, - dimeric

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les récepteurs nucléaires des stéroïdes sont dimériques et s'associent par leur domaine liant le ligand. Ils se fixent sur des palindromes du promoteur cible. Certains s'assemblent dans le noyau, d'autres dans le cytoplasme. Les récepteurs nucléaires homodimériques des glucocorticoïdes, et hétérodimériques des glucocorticoïdes-minéralocorticoïdes se forment dans le cytoplasme grâce à des interfaces alternatifs, et ceci devrait avoir des conséquences sur la régulation par ces ligands.  3, record 6, French, - dim%C3%A9rique

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Protéine dimère, hétérodimère, homodimère, tétradimère; protéine dimérique, hétérodimérique, homodimérique, tétradimérique.  4, record 6, French, - dim%C3%A9rique

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... molecules of the heavy rare gases(argon, krypton, xenon), both homo-and heteronuclear, are very promising emitters in the spectral region 110-200 nm(neighbouring the vacuum UV region), and... electric discharges are efficient ways of exciting the spectra of these molecules.  2, record 7, English, - vacuum%20UV%20region

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ultraviolet : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2006).  2, record 7, French, - r%C3%A9gion%20du%20vide%20UV

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Low-fat milk and cheese products are still significantly high in total fat, saturated fat and cholesterol. For example, 2% milk has become much more popular than homo milk, yet it still derives one third of its total calories from fat.  1, record 8, English, - low%2Dfat%20milk

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

McDonald a déjà commencé à vendre du lait à basse teneur en matière grasse dans tous ses restaurants.  2, record 8, French, - lait%20faible%20en%20gras

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A prefix(consisting of lower case letters, homo), used to indicate a higher homologue of a compound.  1, record 9, English, - homo%2D

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Préfixe (écrit en lettres minuscules, homo) utilisé pour indiquer un homologue supérieur d'un composé.  1, record 9, French, - homo%2D

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Prefijo empleado para indicar que un cuerpo es homólogo de otro.  1, record 9, Spanish, - homo%2D

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Affix used to denote a ring expansion by inclusion of a methylene group into a ring-sector.  1, record 10, English, - homo

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Affixe utilisé pour désigner une extension de cycle par l'inclusion d'un groupe méthylène dans une section de cycle.  1, record 10, French, - homo

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... the earliest species of the genus Homo, evolved about 1. 9 MYA, most likely in eastern or southern Africa.  3, record 11, English, - Homo%20habilis

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the first creature to be classified as a Homo appeared some 6 million years later [than the Aegyptopithecus]. It was the Homo abilis, a real two-footed Hominid, omnivorous and with a bigger enchefalus, which allowed it to make lithic instruments, therefore adapting itself to the surrounding environment.  2, record 11, English, - Homo%20habilis

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Homme de petite stature, à capacité crânienne de 500 à 800 cm3, connu vers 1,8-1,6 millions d'années, en Afrique. Il est l'auteur d'industries de petits galets aménagés.  2, record 11, French, - Homo%20habilis

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Homínido fósil de baja estatura y capacidad craneal comprendida entre 500 y 800 cm³, encontrado en África oriental y austral, cuya antigüedad se remonta entre 2.000.000 y 1.600.000 años.  1, record 11, Spanish, - Homo%20habilis

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Modern human species; a large, erect, omnivorous, terrestrial biped of the primate family Hominidae.  3, record 12, English, - Homo%20sapiens

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Mots latins servant à désigner l'espèce la plus récente du genre homo. L'expression a été employée par Bergson pour désigner l'homme parvenu, grâce à l'intelligence, à un certain état d'adaptation au milieu [...]  2, record 12, French, - Homo%20sapiens

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Especie de homínido que corresponde al hombre actual y del que se consideran dos subespecies: Homo sapiens neandertalensis y Homo sapiens sapiens. Se conocen fósiles desde hace unos 80.000 años.  1, record 12, Spanish, - Homo%20sapiens

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Relating to a value system and attitude that sees humans as a part of larger ecological processes and systems.  1, record 13, English, - ecocentric

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Natural and human communities are folded into one another, and we participate, and cannot avoid doing so, with these communities. [Persons with] ecocentric attitudes consider Homo sapiens as having a primary obligation to take responsibility for themselves and their actions. Past failures to accept this responsibility are seen to be a root cause of contemporary environmental crises.  1, record 13, English, - ecocentric

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Qualifie un système de valeurs au sein duquel les êtres humains font partie de vastes processus et systèmes écologiques.  2, record 13, French, - %C3%A9cocentrique

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Animal Inward Rectifier K+ Channel(IRK-C) Family. IRK channels possess the "minimal channel-forming structure" with only a P domain, characteristic of the channel proteins of the VIC family... and two flanking transmembrane spanners. They may exist in the membrane as homo-or heterooligomers. They have a greater tendency to let K+ flow into the cell than out. Voltage-dependence may be regulated by external K+, by internal Mg2+, by internal ATP and/or by G-proteins.  3, record 14, English, - inward%20rectifier%20potassium%20channel

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

K = potassium. In the abbreviated forms of this term, the "K" designating the potassium element can be written at the beginning or at the end.  5, record 14, English, - inward%20rectifier%20potassium%20channel

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Courants à rectification entrante. Ces canaux favorisent le passage des ions dans le sens entrant au détriment du sens sortant. Ils n'ont pas de seuil d'activation mais leur activité dépend du gradient électrochimique. Au niveau du système nerveux central, plusieurs canaux K+ à rectification entrante ont été décrits: - les canaux couplés à une protéine G (KG) (North 1989) - les canaux ATP-sensible (KATP) (Amoroso et al. 1990; Jonas et al. 1991) - les canaux activés par le sodium interne (KNa+) (Kameyama et al. 1984).  1, record 14, French, - canal%20potassique%20%C3%A0%20rectification%20entrante

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

K = potassium. Dans les abréviations de ce terme, la lettre «K» désignant l'élément potassium peut s'écrire au début ou à la fin.  3, record 14, French, - canal%20potassique%20%C3%A0%20rectification%20entrante

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Compare homo oeconomicus, homo creditus.  1, record 15, English, - homo%20consomator

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'Homo consomator de cette fin du millénaire tolère de moins en moins les mauvaises odeurs, l'inconfort et la laideur.  1, record 15, French, - homo%20consomator

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Highest-energy Occupied Molecular Orbital(HOMO)(filled or partly filled)... of a molecular entity.  1, record 16, English, - Highest%2Denergy%20Occupied%20Molecular%20Orbital

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Examination of the mixing of frontier orbitals of reacting molecular entities affords an approach to the interpretation of reaction behaviour; this constitutes a simplified perturbation molecular orbital theory of chemical behaviour.  1, record 16, English, - Highest%2Denergy%20Occupied%20Molecular%20Orbital

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La plus Haute orbitale moléculaire occupée (HO) [...] (totalement ou partiellement occupée [...]) d'une entité moléculaire.  1, record 16, French, - plus%20Haute%20orbitale%20mol%C3%A9culaire%20occup%C3%A9e

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'examen de la combinaison des orbitales frontières d'entités moléculaires intervenant dans une réaction constitue une méthode pour interpréter le comportement réactionnel; ceci est une forme simplifiée de la théorie des perturbations des orbitales moléculaires appliquée aux réactions chimiques.  1, record 16, French, - plus%20Haute%20orbitale%20mol%C3%A9culaire%20occup%C3%A9e

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 OBS

HOMO : sigle anglo-saxon de "Highest-energy Occupied Molecular Orbital" souvent utilisé à la place de HO dans la littérature de langue française.  1, record 16, French, - plus%20Haute%20orbitale%20mol%C3%A9culaire%20occup%C3%A9e

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In Casablanca, a sliver of bone revealed a chunk of history when Dr. Jean-Jacques Hublin unearthed a few fossilized skull fragments. These were fed into a unique program called Visualization Data Explorer. This new IBM visualization technology helped form an electronic reconstruction of our early ancestor, the first Homo Sapiens.  1, record 17, English, - visualization%20technology

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Voir aussi visualisation scientifique.  1, record 17, French, - technologie%20de%20visualisation

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

homo :’one and the same jointly’. Nexus : Jesper sen's term for a group of words, one of which is a verb, forming a sentence.  1, record 18, English, - homonex

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Relatif aux rapports internes existant entre les éléments d'une proposition.  1, record 18, French, - homonexe

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The evolution of human traits that set the genus Homo apart from its primate ancestors.  1, record 19, English, - hominization

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Processus évolutif qui a conduit, à partir d'un primate encore inconnu, à l'élaboration de la forme actuelle de l'homme.  1, record 19, French, - hominisation

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

the mark or proof of intelligence for early man.  1, record 20, English, - tool%2Dmaking%20man

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ancestors of Homo sapiens living in the Tertiary Age.  1, record 21, English, - Tertiary%20man

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

known as Homo Heidelbergensis, a large mandible found in 1907 in a sand quarry from Mindel-Riss period, near horse and rhinoceros remains.  1, record 22, English, - Mauer%20man

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

walking on two feet  1, record 23, English, - Homo%20erectus

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

an obsolete name given to the remains of Homo erectus from Java.  1, record 24, English, - Java%20man

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A genus of fossil primitive men that includes the Peking man and is often considered generically inseparable on the one hand from Pithecanthropus and on the other hand from Homo.  2, record 25, English, - Sinanthropus

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

(...) "grand primate fossile (Préhominiens) dont les restes ont été découverts en Chine".  1, record 25, French, - sinanthrope

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A conjectural successor to homo-sapiens; he would control his reproduction and manage the biosphere more sensibly than homo sapiens.  1, record 27, English, - homo%2Dconvenience

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish