TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Contracted heels in the horse is [a condition] characterized by a shift of the hoof wall resulting in the narrowing of the foot. Primary cases of contracted heels result from unbalanced feet, either long toe/low heels(LTLH) or overgrown hooves. Trimming the feet and correcting the hoof angle result in expansion of the heels. Secondary contracted heels are caused by lameness and disuse of the limb, resulting in hoof atrophy. Expansion and contraction of the heels during motion increase their wear relative to the toe.  2, record 1, English, - contracted%20heels

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

contracted heels: term usually used in the plural.  3, record 1, English, - contracted%20heels

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

talons encastelés : terme habituellement utilisé au pluriel.  2, record 1, French, - talons%20encastel%C3%A9s

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

talones encogidos: término utilizado generalmente en plural.  2, record 1, Spanish, - talones%20encogidos

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Horseshoe nails... have a sharp point so they go through the hoof easily. The point has a bevel on it so they do not go in a straight line but turn outwards when driven. This means that they must be put in the right way round so that the point will not turn inwards and prick the sensitive foot.  2, record 2, English, - bevel

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

La partie oblique du grain d'orge du clou [...] qui doit être placée vers l'intérieur du pied.  2, record 2, French, - affilure

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Affilure d'un clou.  3, record 2, French, - affilure

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[The pedal bone] is so porous in structure as to resemble pumice stone in appearance and density.  4, record 3, English, - distal%20phalanx

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

the terminal phalanx in the foot of a horse, enclosed in the hoof. Shaped rather like the hoof itself, it in fact occupies only a relatively small proportion of the interior, at the front and sides.  5, record 3, English, - distal%20phalanx

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The plural of "phalanx" is "phalanxes" or "phalanges."  6, record 3, English, - distal%20phalanx

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] la troisième [phalange] forme l'os du pied, qui inclut la couronne et le sabot, et se complète par le petit sésamoïde. L'os du pied est très poreux, garni de nombreux vaisseaux sanguins et, partant, très délicat.  5, record 3, French, - phalange%20distale

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[...] l'os du pied [...] a la forme du sabot [...]  6, record 3, French, - phalange%20distale

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Criblé(e) de petits orifices laissant passer des vaisseaux sanguins et des filaments nerveux.  1, record 3, French, - phalange%20distale

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Many hunters are familiar with the hoof sloughing associated with the chronic form of hemorrhagic disease because the condition frequently persists into the winter. An interruption of growth, resulting from high fever, often causes the hooves to appear broken or ringed. In extreme cases the tips of the hooves will actually slough off.  1, record 4, English, - hoof%20sloughing

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Sloughed hoof, the loss of the entire horny claw is a rare condition in cattle. It may be caused by direct trauma(trapping the foot; infections, such as foot and mouth disease [FMD] ;generalized intoxication, such as ergot poisoning; systemic vasculitis, such as that following infection with Salmonella dublin; and hereditary defective keratogenesis imperfecta. Traumatic sloughing is a primary detachment, whereas sloughed hoof following epidermal disruption or infection is a secondary detachment.  2, record 4, English, - hoof%20sloughing

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La fourbure aiguë est une maladie très grave qui touche les pieds des chevaux. [Elle] peut [...] aboutir à la chute ou au décollement des sabots.  1, record 4, French, - chute%20du%20sabot

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The part of the hoof which is visible when the foot is placed flat on the ground. It is divided into tow, quarters(sides) and heels. At the heels the wall turns inwards to form the bars...  5, record 5, English, - wall%20of%20the%20hoof

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La «paroi» [...] est la partie visible lorsque le pied est posé sur le sol. Elle a l'aspect général de la face antérieure de l'os du pied et se replie en dedans et en arrière pour revenir vers l'avant [...]  5, record 5, French, - paroi

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Pour situer une région précise de la paroi du sabot, on distingue [...] : la pince, qui est exactement la pointe du pied, puis de chaque côté les mamelles, les quartiers et les talons.  6, record 5, French, - paroi

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Pastern/foot with a low angle; if the pastern angle is lower than the hoof angle, the foot is broken forward.  1, record 6, English, - sloping%20pastern

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Quand le paturon est trop incliné vers le sol. Les définitions rencontrées varient et manquent de précision, il n'est ainsi pas clair si l'axe du paturon bas-jointé est plus à l'horizontale que l'axe du pied correspondant.  1, record 6, French, - bas%20joint%C3%A9

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Wedge-shaped pad in the sole of the hoof which acts as a shock absorber for the hoof.  4, record 7, English, - frog

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The frog of the hoof is triangular or pyramidal in shape, the frog bears a close resemblance to the form of the plantar cushion, upon the lower surface of which ... it is moulded.  5, record 7, English, - frog

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 CONT

There are elastic properties within the frog that perform important services to the foot. It also acts as a secondary support system to the hoof. When the frog is healthy, in many horses, it will seek ground level, where the heels are, and aid them in shock absorption.  6, record 7, English, - frog

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It contacts the ground at each step and aids in pumping blood.  4, record 7, English, - frog

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Partie du sabot qui se trouve prise dans la sole et dessine un V ouvert vers l'arrière.  3, record 7, French, - fourchette

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La fourchette est cette espèce de triangle, ou de pyramide, qui forme le relief de l'arrière du pied. La palpation révèle que cette fourchette caoutchouteuse est formée de la corne du pied. Elle joue un rôle à la fois antidérapant et amortissant. Elle participe à l'irrigation sanguine du pied puisqu'elle renvoie le sang vers le haut à chaque foulée [...]  4, record 7, French, - fourchette

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Broken foot in which the foot axis ... is more upright than the pastern axis ...  2, record 8, English, - foot%20broken%20forward

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pic 2 shows a foot broken forward. This angle creates excessive jarring as there is less spring whereas pic 3 shows the foot broken back. This applies excessive tension on the tendons.  3, record 8, English, - foot%20broken%20forward

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... the junction of the pastern axis and the foot axis forms a line that is broken, forming a point toward the front. The pastern angle is lower than the hoof angle, the hoof appears stumpy and heels(which are too high) may appear vertical.  4, record 8, English, - foot%20broken%20forward

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

When the slope of the dorsal hoof wall is steeper than that of the pastern, the axis is said to be broken forward.  5, record 8, English, - foot%20broken%20forward

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Mules often have upright hoofs with a broken-forward foot axis(hoof angles higher than pastern angles) and they tend to have healthier hoofs and legs than horses...  6, record 8, English, - foot%20broken%20forward

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Pour être bien fait, le paturon doit être court. Trop long, il constitue un vice et le cheval est dit long-jointé. Trop court, c'est aussi un défaut et le cheval est court-jointé. S'il est trop incliné, le cheval est bas-jointé. S'il ne l'est pas assez, le cheval est haut-jointé.  2, record 8, French, - paturon%20trop%20inclin%C3%A9

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

bas-jointé [terme connexe] : Dans le sens retenu ici, l'axe du paturon est plus incliné que l'axe du pied.  3, record 8, French, - paturon%20trop%20inclin%C3%A9

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Broken foot in which the foot axis ... is less upright than the pastern axis ...  2, record 9, English, - foot%20broken%20back

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pic 2 shows a foot broken forward. This angle creates excessive jarring as there is less spring whereas pic 3 shows the foot broken back. This applies excessive tension on the tendons.  3, record 9, English, - foot%20broken%20back

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... the junction of the pastern axis and the foot axis forms a line that is broken(pointing) toward the back. The hoof appears sloping and the toe elongates.  4, record 9, English, - foot%20broken%20back

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

When the slope of the dorsal hoof wall is shallower than that of the pastern, the axis is said to be broken back.  5, record 9, English, - foot%20broken%20back

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Although some studies have been done on a broken-back foot axis(hoof angle lower than the pastern angle),... one cannot tell if the results are due to a "misalignment" or simply to a low angle.  6, record 9, English, - foot%20broken%20back

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'axe du paturon est plus vertical que celui du pied, les talons sont trop bas pour que l'axe pied-paturon forme une ligne droite.  1, record 9, French, - pied%20%C3%A0%20talons%20trop%20bas

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Pour être bien fait, le paturon doit être court. Trop long, il constitue un vice et le cheval est dit long-jointé. Trop court, c'est aussi un défaut et le cheval est court-jointé. S'il est trop incliné, le cheval est bas-jointé. S'il ne l'est pas assez, le cheval est haut-jointé.  2, record 9, French, - pied%20%C3%A0%20talons%20trop%20bas

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

terme connexe : haut-jointé. (Le paturon n'est pas assez incliné.)  3, record 9, French, - pied%20%C3%A0%20talons%20trop%20bas

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Viewed from the front, an imaginary line passing through the centre of the coronet and the centre of the toe, dividing the foot into equal parts. Viewed from the side, an imaginary line parallel to the front line of the wall from the coronet to the toe.  2, record 10, English, - foot%20axis

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Mules often have upright hoofs with a broken-forward foot axis(hoof angles higher than pastern angles) and they tend to have healthier hoofs and legs than horses...  3, record 10, English, - foot%20axis

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Laminae are what bind the hoof wall to the foot bone.... The laminae which interlock with the epidermal laminae are called dermal or sensitive laminae.  3, record 11, English, - dermal%20laminae

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terms generally used in the plural.  4, record 11, English, - dermal%20laminae

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les lamelles podophylleuses [...] font partie [du derme lamellaire] et constituent sa surface externe qui est en rapport direct avec les lamelles kéraphylleuses de la paroi du pied.  1, record 11, French, - lamelles%20podophylleuses

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Termes habituellement utilisés au pluriel.  2, record 11, French, - lamelles%20podophylleuses

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The first step of this program involved showing a modern day horse foot containing two long bones which come to a point and lay flat against the bigger bone... In this case, these two bones were said to be all that is left of what used to be two additional digits or toes. Today, the horse has only one digit; its hoof. The ranger went on to explain that the further one goes back in time the more digits the horse had, in fact, at one time a creature with 3 toes in back and 4 toes in front existed.  3, record 12, English, - digit

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Chez le cheval, seul le doigt III est développé, le doigt inclut les trois phalanges, et correspond ainsi au paturon, à la couronne et au sabot. La NAV désigne différemment les doigts des antérieurs (Digiti manus) et ceux des postérieurs (Digiti pedis).  1, record 12, French, - doigt

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bone connected to the long pastern at the pastern joint.  2, record 13, English, - short%20pastern

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The short pastern is located between the long pastern bone and the coffin bone and is one of the bones which makes up the coffin joint in the foot. Approximately one-half of the short pastern bone is encased within the hoof. The short pastern bone is nearly cube-shaped.  5, record 13, English, - short%20pastern

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Os] est court, situé au-dessus des deux précédents [os naviculaire, os du pied]. Il contribue par son extrémité inférieure contenue dans le sabot à former la jointure du pied.  3, record 13, French, - os%20de%20la%20couronne

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'os de la couronne, ou deuxième phalange n'appartient au sabot que par sa moitié inférieure, qui contribue à former l'articulation du pied. C'est un os court, aplati d'avant en arrière; sa face antérieure donne attache au tendon extenseur des phalanges, et la postérieure, lisse dans sa partie supérieure, sert de surface de glissement au tendon fléchisseur profond.  2, record 13, French, - os%20de%20la%20couronne

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

a furniture foot in the form of a usu. cloven hoof.  2, record 14, English, - hoof%20foot

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

ornement de cuivre ou de bronze doré dont on recouvre l'extrémité des pieds de certains meubles. C'est par analogie avec la partie cornée qui termine les membres inférieurs de certains animaux (bovidés, cervidés...) qu'on a utilisé ce mot pour désigner l'enveloppe de métal qui protège les pieds des meubles.  1, record 14, French, - sabot

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish