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HORIZONTAL TEMPERATURE GRADIENT [11 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 2015-04-16
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric Physics
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- frontal jet stream 1, record 1, English, frontal%20jet%20stream
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
Record 1, Synonyms, English
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
If the strong horizontal temperature gradient associated with a front maintains a near constant direction through a deep layer of the atmosphere, the thermal wind component will have a constant direction through successively higher layers. As this component is added consecutively to the actual wind at each level, the wind will increase markedly with height. This is how the very strong winds of frontal jet streams originate. 1, record 1, English, - frontal%20jet%20stream
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Physique de l'atmosphère
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- courant-jet frontal
1, record 1, French, courant%2Djet%20frontal
masculine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Si le fort gradient de température horizontal associé à un front conserve une direction presque constante à travers une couche profonde de l’atmosphère, le vent thermique a une direction constante dans des couches de plus en plus élevées. À mesure que cette composante s’ajoute consécutivement aux vents réels à chaque niveau, le vent augmente nettement avec l’altitude. C’est ainsi que naissent les très forts vents des courants-jets frontaux. 1, record 1, French, - courant%2Djet%20frontal
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record 2 - internal organization data 2012-11-14
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric Physics
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- low horizontal temperature gradient area
1, record 2, English, low%20horizontal%20temperature%20gradient%20area
correct
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
Record 2, Synonyms, English
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Physique de l'atmosphère
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- région à faible gradient horizontal de température
1, record 2, French, r%C3%A9gion%20%C3%A0%20faible%20gradient%20horizontal%20de%20temp%C3%A9rature
correct, feminine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Une dépression subtropicale est un système de basses pressions se trouvant dans les latitudes tropicales ou subtropicales (n'importe où entre l'équateur et le 50e parallèle) et possédant à la fois les caractéristiques des dépressions tropicales et celles des dépressions des latitudes moyennes. Par conséquent, beaucoup de ces dépressions existent dans des régions à faible gradient horizontal de température (dépression des latitudes moyennes) mais elles tirent aussi leur énergie de nuages convectifs (dépression tropicale). 1, record 2, French, - r%C3%A9gion%20%C3%A0%20faible%20gradient%20horizontal%20de%20temp%C3%A9rature
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
Record 3 - internal organization data 2011-09-01
Record 3, English
Record 3, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric Physics
- Air Pollution
Record 3, Main entry term, English
- temperature lapse rate
1, record 3, English, temperature%20lapse%20rate
correct
Record 3, Abbreviations, English
Record 3, Synonyms, English
- vertical temperature gradient 2, record 3, English, vertical%20temperature%20gradient
correct
- L.R. 3, record 3, English, L%2ER%2E
correct
- L.R. 3, record 3, English, L%2ER%2E
- lapse temperature gradient 4, record 3, English, lapse%20temperature%20gradient
correct
- lapse rate 3, record 3, English, lapse%20rate
correct, see observation
Record 3, Textual support, English
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Rate of decrease of temperature with increasing height. 5, record 3, English, - temperature%20lapse%20rate
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Lapse Temperature Gradient. This condition normally exists on a clear day when the middle and low clouds cover less than 30 percent of the sky and when the wind speed is less than 5 km/h. It is the least favorable condition for the enemy to employ chemical or biological agents. When a lapse condition exists, area coverage without diffusion will be enhanced with a steady low wind speed of 3 to 7 km/h. 4, record 3, English, - temperature%20lapse%20rate
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS
In common usage, the term "temperature gradient" is reserved for temperature change with horizontal distance and "temperature lapse rate" for change of temperature with height. 3, record 3, English, - temperature%20lapse%20rate
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS
The term "lapse" may also signify, as in "humidity lapse rate", the rate of decrease with height of certain meteorological variables other than temperature. 3, record 3, English, - temperature%20lapse%20rate
Record 3, French
Record 3, Domaine(s)
- Physique de l'atmosphère
- Pollution de l'air
Record 3, Main entry term, French
- gradient thermique vertical
1, record 3, French, gradient%20thermique%20vertical
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, French
Record 3, Synonyms, French
- gradient vertical de température 2, record 3, French, gradient%20vertical%20de%20temp%C3%A9rature
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Textual support, French
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Taux de décroissance de la température en fonction de la distance, selon la verticale ascendante. 3, record 3, French, - gradient%20thermique%20vertical
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS
On considère habituellement un taux moyen sur une distance, par exemple de 100 mètres. 3, record 3, French, - gradient%20thermique%20vertical
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS
«gradient vertical» (lapse rate) : Variation décroissante d'un phénomène avec l'élévation, ce phénomène étant généralement la température. 3, record 3, French, - gradient%20thermique%20vertical
Record 3, Spanish
Record 3, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Física de la atmósfera
- Contaminación del aire
Record 3, Main entry term, Spanish
- gradiente vertical de temperatura
1, record 3, Spanish, gradiente%20vertical%20de%20temperatura
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 3, Synonyms, Spanish
- gradiente térmico vertical 2, record 3, Spanish, gradiente%20t%C3%A9rmico%20vertical
masculine noun
Record 3, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Disminución de la temperatura del aire, en grados Celsius por cada 100 m de aumento de altura. 3, record 3, Spanish, - gradiente%20vertical%20de%20temperatura
Record 4 - internal organization data 2011-09-01
Record 4, English
Record 4, Subject field(s)
- Metrology and Units of Measure
- Thermodynamics
- Meteorological Forecasting, Data Measurement and Analysis
Record 4, Main entry term, English
- temperature gradient
1, record 4, English, temperature%20gradient
correct, standardized
Record 4, Abbreviations, English
Record 4, Synonyms, English
Record 4, Textual support, English
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
gradient : In meteorology, the change in the value of an atmospheric variable per unit of horizontal distance, as temperature gradient or air pressure gradient. 2, record 4, English, - temperature%20gradient
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS
In common usage, the term "temperature gradient" is reserved for temperature change with horizontal distance and the term "temperature lapse rate", for change of temperature with height. 3, record 4, English, - temperature%20gradient
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS
temperature gradient: term standardized by ISO. 4, record 4, English, - temperature%20gradient
Record 4, French
Record 4, Domaine(s)
- Unités de mesure et métrologie
- Thermodynamique
- Prévisions météorologiques et mesure et analyse des données
Record 4, Main entry term, French
- gradient de température
1, record 4, French, gradient%20de%20temp%C3%A9rature
correct, masculine noun, standardized, officially approved
Record 4, Abbreviations, French
Record 4, Synonyms, French
- gradient thermique 2, record 4, French, gradient%20thermique
correct, masculine noun, standardized
Record 4, Textual support, French
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
gradient : Taux de variation d'un élément météorologique en fonction de la distance. Dans le sens vertical, le gradient de température (gradient thermique) s'exprime en degrés C par 100 m [...] Dans le sens horizontal, le gradient de pression s'exprime en millibars par 100 km ou par degré géographique (111 km). 3, record 4, French, - gradient%20de%20temp%C3%A9rature
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS
gradient de température; gradient thermique : termes normalisés par l'ISO; gradient de température : terme uniformisé par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie aéronautique (CUTA) - Opérations aériennes. 4, record 4, French, - gradient%20de%20temp%C3%A9rature
Record 4, Spanish
Record 4, Textual support, Spanish
Record 5 - internal organization data 2010-03-08
Record 5, English
Record 5, Subject field(s)
- Metrology and Units of Measure
- Atmospheric Physics
- Oceanography
Record 5, Main entry term, English
- horizontal temperature gradient
1, record 5, English, horizontal%20temperature%20gradient
correct
Record 5, Abbreviations, English
Record 5, Synonyms, English
Record 5, Textual support, English
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Oceanic fronts are boundaries between water masses of different density. Density is a function of temperature and salinity(the amount of dissolved salts in water) ;therefore, both thermal(temperature) fronts and haline(salinity) fronts exist in the ocean. A thermal front is a zone with a pronounced horizontal temperature gradient, while a haline front exhibits a horizontal salinity gradient. 2, record 5, English, - horizontal%20temperature%20gradient
Record 5, French
Record 5, Domaine(s)
- Unités de mesure et métrologie
- Physique de l'atmosphère
- Océanographie
Record 5, Main entry term, French
- gradient thermique horizontal
1, record 5, French, gradient%20thermique%20horizontal
masculine noun
Record 5, Abbreviations, French
Record 5, Synonyms, French
Record 5, Textual support, French
Record 5, Spanish
Record 5, Textual support, Spanish
Record 6 - internal organization data 2005-07-27
Record 6, English
Record 6, Subject field(s)
- Modelling (Mathematics)
- Atmospheric Physics
Record 6, Main entry term, English
- baroclinic atmosphere
1, record 6, English, baroclinic%20atmosphere
correct
Record 6, Abbreviations, English
Record 6, Synonyms, English
Record 6, Textual support, English
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Model atmosphere in which the isosteric or isopycnic surfaces intersect the isobaric surfaces. 2, record 6, English, - baroclinic%20atmosphere
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT
In weather analysis, a baroclinic atmosphere exists when isotherms exist in an isobaric surface analysis. In a baroclinic atmosphere, there is a horizontal temperature gradient and variation with height of the geostrophic wind(thermal wind). 3, record 6, English, - baroclinic%20atmosphere
Record 6, French
Record 6, Domaine(s)
- Modélisation (Mathématique)
- Physique de l'atmosphère
Record 6, Main entry term, French
- atmosphère barocline
1, record 6, French, atmosph%C3%A8re%20barocline
correct, feminine noun
Record 6, Abbreviations, French
Record 6, Synonyms, French
Record 6, Textual support, French
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Modèle d'atmosphère dans lequel les surfaces isostères ou isopycnes ne coïncident pas avec les surfaces isobares. 2, record 6, French, - atmosph%C3%A8re%20barocline
Record 6, Spanish
Record 6, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Modelización (Matemáticas)
- Física de la atmósfera
Record 6, Main entry term, Spanish
- atmósfera baroclínica
1, record 6, Spanish, atm%C3%B3sfera%20barocl%C3%ADnica
feminine noun
Record 6, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 6, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 6, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Modelo de atmósfera en que las superficies isostéricas o isopícnicas se cruzan con las isobáricas. 1, record 6, Spanish, - atm%C3%B3sfera%20barocl%C3%ADnica
Record 7 - internal organization data 2004-03-19
Record 7, English
Record 7, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric Physics
Record 7, Main entry term, English
- polar night jet
1, record 7, English, polar%20night%20jet
correct
Record 7, Abbreviations, English
Record 7, Synonyms, English
- polar night jet stream 2, record 7, English, polar%20night%20jet%20stream
correct
- polar-night jet stream 3, record 7, English, polar%2Dnight%20jet%20stream
Record 7, Textual support, English
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Westerly jet stream of maximum intensity near the stratopause, in the middle and subpolar latitudes of the winter hemisphere, caused by prolonged radiative cooling of the air in high latitudes during this season. 1, record 7, English, - polar%20night%20jet
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Polar-night jet stream. This jet meanders through the upper stratosphere over the poles. It occurs only during the long winter night. Remember, night is 6 months long over the pole in which winter is occurring. The polar stratosphere undergoes appreciable cooling due to the lack of solar radiation. The horizontal temperature gradient is strongly established between the equator and the pole, and the pressure gradient creates this westerly jet. The temperature gradient breaks down intermittently during middle and late winter in the Northern Hemisphere; therefore, the jet is intermittent at these times. In the Southern Hemisphere the temperature gradient and jet disappear rather abruptly near the time of the spring equinox. 3, record 7, English, - polar%20night%20jet
Record 7, Key term(s)
- polar-night jet-stream
- polar night jet-stream
Record 7, French
Record 7, Domaine(s)
- Physique de l'atmosphère
Record 7, Main entry term, French
- courant-jet de la nuit polaire
1, record 7, French, courant%2Djet%20de%20la%20nuit%20polaire
correct, masculine noun
Record 7, Abbreviations, French
Record 7, Synonyms, French
Record 7, Textual support, French
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Courant-jet d'ouest d'intensité maximale près de la stratopause, aux latitudes moyennes et subpolaires de l'hémisphère d'hiver, provoqué par le refroidissement radiatif prolongé de l'air aux hautes latitudes durant cette saison. 1, record 7, French, - courant%2Djet%20de%20la%20nuit%20polaire
Record 7, Spanish
Record 7, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Física de la atmósfera
Record 7, Main entry term, Spanish
- corriente en chorro durante la noche polar
1, record 7, Spanish, corriente%20en%20chorro%20durante%20la%20noche%20polar
correct, feminine noun
Record 7, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 7, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 7, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Corriente en chorro, del oeste, que alcanza su máxima intensidad cerca de la estratopausa en las latitudes medias y subpolares del hemisferio invernal. Se origina como consecuencia del prolongado enfriamiento del aire por radiación en las latitudes altas durante esta estación. 1, record 7, Spanish, - corriente%20en%20chorro%20durante%20la%20noche%20polar
Record 8 - internal organization data 2000-04-12
Record 8, English
Record 8, Subject field(s)
- Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics (Physics)
- Meteorology
Record 8, Main entry term, English
- baroclinic instability
1, record 8, English, baroclinic%20instability
correct
Record 8, Abbreviations, English
Record 8, Synonyms, English
Record 8, Textual support, English
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Hydrodynamic instability of a fluid(such as the atmosphere) in which there exists a horizontal temperature gradient and hence a vertical shear in the flow. This instability results in a conversion of the available potential energy of the mean flow into the kinetic energy of the baroclinic disturbance. 2, record 8, English, - baroclinic%20instability
Record 8, French
Record 8, Domaine(s)
- Mécanique des fluides et hydraulique (Physique)
- Météorologie
Record 8, Main entry term, French
- instabilité barocline
1, record 8, French, instabilit%C3%A9%20barocline
correct, feminine noun
Record 8, Abbreviations, French
Record 8, Synonyms, French
Record 8, Textual support, French
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Instabilité dynamique d'un fluide (tel que l'atmosphère) dans lequel existe un gradient horizontal de température et, par suite, un cisaillement vertical de l'écoulement. Cette instabilité entraîne la conversion de l'énergie potentielle disponible dans l'écoulement moyen en énergie cinétique de la perturbation barocline. 2, record 8, French, - instabilit%C3%A9%20barocline
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La présence de fronts thermiques dans l'océan ou dans l'atmosphère par exemple, mettant en contact des couches de fluide de densité différente, conjuguée à un effet de rotation, conduit au développement d'instabilités : c'est ce que l'on appelle l'instabilité barocline. 3, record 8, French, - instabilit%C3%A9%20barocline
Record 8, Spanish
Record 8, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Mecánica de fluidos e hidráulica (Física)
- Meteorología
Record 8, Main entry term, Spanish
- inestabilidad baroclínica
1, record 8, Spanish, inestabilidad%20barocl%C3%ADnica
correct, feminine noun
Record 8, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 8, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 8, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Inestabilidad hidrodinámica de un fluido (como la atmósfera) en el que existe un gradiente horizontal de temperatura y por ello una cortante vertical del flujo. Esa inestabilidad ocasiona la conversión de la energía potencial disponible en el flujo medio en energía cinética de la perturbación baroclínica. 2, record 8, Spanish, - inestabilidad%20barocl%C3%ADnica
Record 9 - internal organization data 2000-04-12
Record 9, English
Record 9, Subject field(s)
- Meteorology
Record 9, Main entry term, English
- baroclinic disturbance
1, record 9, English, baroclinic%20disturbance
correct
Record 9, Abbreviations, English
Record 9, Synonyms, English
- baroclinic wave 1, record 9, English, baroclinic%20wave
correct
Record 9, Textual support, English
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Low-pressure system which forms in a region of the atmosphere characterized by a strong horizontal gradient of temperature and a strong thermal wind. Wave disturbances on the polar front are examples of these. 1, record 9, English, - baroclinic%20disturbance
Record 9, French
Record 9, Domaine(s)
- Météorologie
Record 9, Main entry term, French
- perturbation barocline
1, record 9, French, perturbation%20barocline
correct, feminine noun
Record 9, Abbreviations, French
Record 9, Synonyms, French
- onde barocline 1, record 9, French, onde%20barocline
correct, feminine noun
Record 9, Textual support, French
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Système de basse pression qui se forme dans une région de l'atmosphère caractérisée par un fort gradient horizontal de température et un fort vent thermique. Les perturbations ondulatoires sur le front polaire en sont des exemples. 1, record 9, French, - perturbation%20barocline
Record 9, Spanish
Record 9, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Meteorología
Record 9, Main entry term, Spanish
- perturbación baroclínica
1, record 9, Spanish, perturbaci%C3%B3n%20barocl%C3%ADnica
correct, feminine noun
Record 9, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 9, Synonyms, Spanish
- onda baroclínica 1, record 9, Spanish, onda%20barocl%C3%ADnica
correct, feminine noun
Record 9, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Sistema de baja presión que se forma en una región fuertemente baroclínica de la atmósfera, caracterizado por un fuerte gradiente horizontal de temperatura y un fuerte viento térmico. Son típicas las perturbaciones ondulatorias que se forman en el frente polar. 1, record 9, Spanish, - perturbaci%C3%B3n%20barocl%C3%ADnica
Record 10 - internal organization data 1993-06-01
Record 10, English
Record 10, Subject field(s)
- Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics (Physics)
Record 10, Main entry term, English
- lateral boundary effect 1, record 10, English, lateral%20boundary%20effect
Record 10, Abbreviations, English
Record 10, Synonyms, English
Record 10, Textual support, English
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Up until now the envelope equations have been written for a laterally unbounded system. The presence of side boundaries that confine the system can modify the instability mechanism. For example, in convection, viscous friction at a lateral wall increases the damping, which inhibits the instability. By contrast, a thermal perturbation in the wall or simply a difference of thermal conductivity between the fluid and the wall, can build up a horizontal temperature gradient that may induce a fluid motion, thus encouraging the instability. In both cases, we expect lateral boundary effects to impose modulations and act as boundary conditions on the envelope. 1, record 10, English, - lateral%20boundary%20effect
Record 10, French
Record 10, Domaine(s)
- Mécanique des fluides et hydraulique (Physique)
Record 10, Main entry term, French
- effet de paroi latérale
1, record 10, French, effet%20de%20paroi%20lat%C3%A9rale
masculine noun
Record 10, Abbreviations, French
Record 10, Synonyms, French
- effet de bords 1, record 10, French, effet%20de%20bords
masculine noun
Record 10, Textual support, French
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Effets de bords. Jusqu'à présent, les équations d'enveloppe ont été écrites et leurs propriétés analysées pour un système latéralement illimité. La présence de bords confinant celui-ci peut modifier le mécanisme d'instabilité. En convection par exemple, la friction visqueuse sur une paroi latérale contribue à l'amortissement, ce qui inhibe l'instabilité. Au contraire, une perturbation thermique dans la paroi ou simplement une différence de conductivité thermique entre fluide et paroi latérale peuvent provoquer l'apparition d'un gradient de température horizontal qui induit le mouvement et donc encourage l'instabilité. Dans les deux cas, on peut s'attendre à ce que les effets de paroi latérale imposent des modulations et agissent comme des conditions aux limites sur l'enveloppe. 1, record 10, French, - effet%20de%20paroi%20lat%C3%A9rale
Record 10, Spanish
Record 10, Textual support, Spanish
Record 11 - internal organization data 1977-03-01
Record 11, English
Record 11, Subject field(s)
- Geology
- Hydrology and Hydrography
Record 11, Main entry term, English
- field coefficient of vertical conductivity
1, record 11, English, field%20coefficient%20of%20vertical%20conductivity
correct
Record 11, Abbreviations, English
Record 11, Synonyms, English
Record 11, Textual support, English
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS
The field coefficient of vertical conductivity(...) is defined as the rate of vertical flow of water,(usually in gal./day in groundwater work) through a horizontal cross-sectional area of 1 sq. ft. of the confining bed under a hydraulic gradient of 1 ft./ft. at the prevailing temperature of the water. 1, record 11, English, - field%20coefficient%20of%20vertical%20conductivity
Record 11, French
Record 11, Domaine(s)
- Géologie
- Hydrologie et hydrographie
Record 11, Main entry term, French
- coefficient spécifique de conductivité verticale 1, record 11, French, coefficient%20sp%C3%A9cifique%20de%20conductivit%C3%A9%20verticale
Record 11, Abbreviations, French
Record 11, Synonyms, French
Record 11, Textual support, French
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Le coefficient spécifique de conductivité verticale, (...), est défini comme le taux d'écoulement verticale de l'eau (habituellement gallons/jour, dans les travaux d'eau souterraine) au travers d'une section transversale horizontale de 1 pied carré du substratum, sous un gradient hydraulique de 1 pied/pied, à la température actuelle de l'eau. 1, record 11, French, - coefficient%20sp%C3%A9cifique%20de%20conductivit%C3%A9%20verticale
Record 11, Spanish
Record 11, Textual support, Spanish
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