TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Manure spawn. Both composted horse dung or synthetic compost may be used.... The manure is packed in half-litre milk bottles... They are then inoculated with a large bit of agar-containing mycelium and incubated at 220-240 °C in a dark place.... the spawn can be used to inoculate fresh bottles or bags to obtain the second generation spawn.  1, record 1, English, - manure%20spawn

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A harness of leather or rope that fits over a horse’s head.  4, record 2, English, - halter

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This is much like a bridle without the bit or reins. It is used for leading a horse.  4, record 2, English, - halter

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

There are two kinds of halters: the stable halter and the show halter.  5, record 2, English, - halter

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Harnais d'attache garnissant la tête du cheval.  3, record 2, French, - licou

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Licol : autre nom du licou et devenu plus usuel. On le désignait aussi, jadis, «têtière» ou «chevêtre».  3, record 2, French, - licou

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le licou est utilisé pour manœuvrer un cheval au sol. Il existe deux genres de licou : le licou d'écurie et le licou de présentation. «Têtière» a adopté d'autres sens mais pas «chevêtre».  4, record 2, French, - licou

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The part of a bridle which lies across the horse’s nose and to which a standing martingale is attached.  3, record 3, English, - noseband

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It consists of a leather strap which is slotted through the headpiece.  3, record 3, English, - noseband

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Its primary function is to remind the horse to keep its mouth closed, to prevent a horse from evading the bit by opening the mouth, and as an attachment for equipment, such as a standing martingale.  4, record 3, English, - noseband

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Partie du harnais du cheval qui, placée sur le chanfrein (partie de la tête depuis la ligne des yeux à la région nasale), entoure la partie inférieure de la tête du cheval pour l'empêcher d'ouvrir la bouche ou en limiter l'ouverture.  2, record 3, French, - muserolle

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Correa de la brida que da vuelta al hocico del caballo por encima de la nariz y sirve para asegurar la posición del bocado.  2, record 3, Spanish, - muserola

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Long straps attached to the bit and used to guide the horse with the hands.  2, record 4, English, - reins

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The rider's hands restrain and guide the horse through the application and relaxation of pressure and tension on the bit in the horse's mouth by means of the reins.  3, record 4, English, - reins

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Term generally used in the plural.  4, record 4, English, - reins

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Courroies fixées au mors et que l'on tient en main pour diriger le cheval.  3, record 4, French, - r%C3%AAnes

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La bonne tenue des rênes présente une grande importance, car c'est d'elle que dépend la justesse et la précision des actions de la main et [...] la transmission correcte des ordres du cavalier au cheval.  4, record 4, French, - r%C3%AAnes

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En attelage, on utilise souvent le mot guides.  3, record 4, French, - r%C3%AAnes

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Termes habituellement utilisés au pluriel.  5, record 4, French, - r%C3%AAnes

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The headgear with which a horse is governed and restrained, consisting of a headstall, a bit and reins, often with other appurtenances.  2, record 5, English, - bridle

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Harnais fixé à la tête du cheval et comprenant les mors, les montures et les rênes.  2, record 5, French, - bride

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Freno del caballo con las riendas y todo el correaje que sirve para sujetarlo a la cabeza del animal.  2, record 5, Spanish, - brida

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Gymnastics performed on a moving horse going on a circle line, in full harmony.  6, record 6, English, - horse%20vaulting

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The term "horse vaulting" is a bit misleading. It brings to mind the aerial leaps performed in gymnastic competitions on a padded stationary block. But the actual sport of horse vaulting is one of the three classic disciplines of horseback riding, the other two being dressage and jumping.... While vaulting does include jumping onto and off of a moving horse, it also involves much more, as I learned on a visit to watch the Great Falls Vaulting Team practice. Led by coach Jennifer Williams, the team's members ride bareback, kneel and stand on a moving horse, and perform the sort of riding tricks you might see in a circus.  1, record 6, English, - horse%20vaulting

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Vaulting is the art of gymnastics on horse back and is an extremely popular sport with young riders in Europe and is now growing in stature here in Australia.  7, record 6, English, - horse%20vaulting

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 3 CONT

For those who liked horses, the daily ride, although strenuous, was lot of fun where, in addition to cavalry drill, there was jumping, vaulting and tentpegging.  8, record 6, English, - horse%20vaulting

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Gymnastique sur le dos d'un cheval au galop, en parfaite harmonie avec lui.  2, record 6, French, - voltige

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La voltige à cheval est un sport d'une puissance élégante et virile.  3, record 6, French, - voltige

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Saut en voltige.  3, record 6, French, - voltige

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On the bit. The horse maintains a light, elastic contact with the rider's hands through the reins. Since the reins themselves have no "give", the contact is a result of the horse yielding at the poll and jaw and the rider "receiving" with flexible hands. A horse is said to be on the bit when he moves forward with balance and impulsion in response to the rider's aids with his neck raised or lowered(depending on the degree of collection or extension), without resisting or depending on the rider's hands for support, so that rein contact between rider and horse remains supple and light.  2, record 7, English, - on%20the%20bit

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Gouverné par la bride, monté ou attelé.  3, record 7, French, - sur%20la%20main

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A mouth more or less [insensitive] to the bit.  2, record 8, English, - hard%20mouth

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A hard mouth refers to a horse that has been subject to uneducated and abusive hand aids for an extended period of time and has become numb to the feeling of the bit.  3, record 8, English, - hard%20mouth

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

We know that a horse that will not stop, that is hard-mouthed, is no good for polo, especially in view of the fact that 60% of the game is taken up by stopping and starting.  4, record 8, English, - hard%20mouth

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Bouche du] cheval peu sensible à l'action du mors.  2, record 8, French, - bouche%20dure

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme connexe : fort en bouche (adj.).  3, record 8, French, - bouche%20dure

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Behind the bit. The horse is resisting the rider's hands by tucking his nose into his chest and dropping the contact with the bit.  2, record 9, English, - behind%20the%20bit

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A horse is behind the bit when avoiding... contact with the mouthpiece.  3, record 9, English, - behind%20the%20bit

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cheval en dedans ou en arrière de la main, qui ne prend pas contact avec le mors.  1, record 9, French, - en%20arri%C3%A8re%20de%20la%20main

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Action of a horse when it relaxes its jaw to the pressure being applied to the bit.  4, record 10, English, - flexion

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cession de la tête du cheval à une demande de la main du cavalier.  1, record 10, French, - flexion

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Said of a horse that is leaning on the bit/hand.  2, record 11, English, - heavy%20on%20the%20hand

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Se dit du] cheval [qui] prend un contact très fort avec le mors.  1, record 11, French, - pesant%20%C3%A0%20la%20main

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The leather or chain lip strap attaches to two small loops on the shanks of English Curb and Pelham bits, half way between the mouth piece and rein loops. It lays beneath the point of the chin preventing the horse from playing with or lipping the bit shank.  1, record 12, English, - lip%20strap

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pièce suspendue au milieu de l'embouchure, pour décontracter la bouche du cheval et empêcher ce dernier de passer sa langue par dessus.  1, record 12, French, - jouet

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

With a young horse, you use an open rein to turn and hold your hands a bit further apart. The smallest volte on a collected horse is 6 m. Do a 3 m volte at the walk with lots of bend and flexion. This is good to slow a horse without using the brake. Use also action-reaction, he will soon find a good head position.  2, record 13, English, - volte%20at%20the%20walk

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A horse learns to take a wide turn or a tight turn by feeling how the reins are draped near its neck and how much pressure there is on the bit.  3, record 14, English, - turn%20wide

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A spoiled mouth is one which reacts falsely to the indications of the bit, whatever may be its sensibility otherwise. Horses with very tender mouths or mouths rendered excessively callous by bad bitting and indifferent riders usually come under this class. Aside from the effects produced by variations of temperament in the horse, it is the bars that must be examined for an explanation of these varieties of mouth, for it is upon these more or less sensitive gums that the action of all bits fall to a greater or less extent.  2, record 15, English, - spoiled%20mouth

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Wrong equipment can quickly spoil a horse’s mouth. Often, this may attributed to the use of an inappropriate bit.  3, record 15, English, - spoiled%20mouth

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A horizontal bar of wood extending between two posts and used as an element of an obstacle to be jumped over by the horse and rider in show jumping; it is set so that, if touched, it can fall from the rests.  3, record 16, English, - pole

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The designer [of a show jumping course] can choose from a wide range of jumps that fall into three main categories : uprights, spreads, and triples. Uprights are jumps with the elements placed one above the other. An example is the post and rail, which has poles placed one above the other between two posts. This jump can generally be made higher or lower by adjusting the rests or cups on to the posts. A spread in an obstacle set up so that the horse has to jump both height and width. Spreads include the well-known water jump, the double oxer(two sets of uprights with a hedge sandwiched between), and the hog's back(three parallel rails, with the middle rail higher than the other two). The most common triple is the triple bars, which has three poles on separate supports. The poles are set [at] different heights, with the lowest one at the front. The jumps looks a bit like a staircase. Combinations are two or more jumps placed so close together that the horse can take only one or two strides between each one. Three jumps is the maximum in a combination.  4, record 16, English, - pole

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Perche de bois de forme cylindrique s'étendant à l'horizontale entre deux montants et entrant dans la composition d'un obstacle que doit franchir le cavalier et sa monture en saut d'obstacles; elle est retenue aux supports de façon à tomber si accrochée au passage.  2, record 16, French, - barre

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le concepteur [d'un parcours de saut d'obstacles] peut choisir parmi une vaste gamme d'obstacles qui se divisent en 3 principales catégories : les obstacles droits, larges, et triples. Les obstacles droits ont des éléments placés les uns au-dessus des autres. C'est le cas, par exemple, de la stationata. Les barres horizontales superposées sont soutenues aux extrémités par 2 poteaux. On peut normalement hausser ou abaisser cet obstacle en ajustant les supports sur les poteaux. L'obstacle large fait sauter le cheval en hauteur et en largeur. Parmi les obstacles larges, on retrouve la fameuse rivière, l'oxer double (2 plans de barres parallèles avec une haie entre les 2) et l'obstacle de volée (3 barres parallèles, l'élément du milieu étant supérieur aux 2 autres). Les triples barres constituent l'obstacle triple le plus répandu. Les barres sont disposées en escalier, c'est-à-dire que la plus basse est devant. Les combinaisons sont formées de 2 ou plusieurs obstacles distancés de façon à ce que le cheval ne puisse prendre qu'une ou 2 foulées entre chacun d'eux. Une combinaison peut comporter un maximum de 3 obstacles.  3, record 16, French, - barre

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tipo de obstáculo empleado en concursos de saltos y en pistas de campo consistente en unos palos verticales entre los cuales se colocan otros en posición horizontal.  1, record 16, Spanish, - barra

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Curb bit with a single mouthpiece to which two reins may be attached.  3, record 17, English, - pelham%20bit

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Pelham bit seeks to combine the actions of both the curb bit (leverage) and snaffle or bridoon bit (non-leverage), without the need for using two bits, as in the double bridle.  4, record 17, English, - pelham%20bit

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A PELHAM bit has a strong leverage effect to flex the horse whilst taking a big part of the impulse.  5, record 17, English, - pelham%20bit

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le pelham. Il se situe entre le mors de filet et le mors de bride : il ressemble au mors de bride par ses branches et sa gourmette mais il s'utilise sans autre mors.  4, record 17, French, - filet%20pelham

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Le filet PELHAM a un effet de levier assez fort pour solliciter un «placer» d'autorité et une prise importante sur la mise en avant.  1, record 17, French, - filet%20pelham

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Usually said for the initial training of a horse to the bit.  1, record 18, English, - mouthing%20process

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Développer la sensibilité de la bouche d'un cheval à l'action du mors.  1, record 18, French, - faire%20la%20bouche%20d%27un%20cheval

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A round bit for a horse.  2, record 19, English, - cannon

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In many bits, the cannons actually have a slight curve to better fit the bit to the horse’s mouth. A mouthpiece may have more than one cannon, depending on how many times it is jointed. The typical jointed snaffle has two cannons, connected by a joint in the center. A bar snaffle has no joint inside the mouth.  3, record 19, English, - cannon

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The mouthpiece may have pieces (keys, spatula, roller etc.), which are not part of the cannon itself ...  4, record 19, English, - cannon

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cannons: The more or less straight bars of the mouthpiece.  3, record 19, English, - cannon

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Bit cannon.  4, record 19, English, - cannon

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

English-Canadian dictionaries give the spelling "cannon" only.  5, record 19, English, - cannon

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Also called cannon bit, canon bit.  2, record 19, English, - cannon

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il peut être rigide et d'une seule pièce, ou encore deux canons peuvent former une embouchure articulée (que l'on appelle aussi parfois canon articulé). L'embouchure peut comporter des pièces (pendentifs etc.) qui ne font pas partie du canon.  2, record 19, French, - canon

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Il existe plusieurs catégories de mors différenciées par la forme du canon : Le canon rigide ou droit (mors doux) appuie davantage sur la bouche que sur les barres (les barres sont les espaces entre les incisives et les molaires dans la bouche de l'âne ou du mulet); le canon bas ou moyen dit «mors à semi-liberté de langue» dont le canon cintré comprime plus ou moins les barres; le canon haut dit «mors à liberté de langue» dont le canon est tellement cintré qu'il comprime les barres et agit tellement sur elles que la langue ne peut avoir aucune opposition.  3, record 19, French, - canon

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Canon du mors.  2, record 19, French, - canon

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A half-spoon cheek snaffle helps the horse turn by pressing against the outside of the horse's lip. It's similar to the full-cheek. The bit can’t be pulled through the horse's mouth in a full cheek or halfcheek.  2, record 20, English, - half%2Dspoon%20cheek

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Type of bit.  3, record 20, English, - half%2Dspoon%20cheek

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Type de mors.  2, record 20, French, - filet%20demi%2Dspatule

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The horse should stand motionless with his weight evenly distributed over all four legs, being straight through his spine. The horse should be attentive and alert....  2, record 21, English, - halt

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The aids ... are discontinued the instant the horse begins to respond. If the horse continues to walk, the aids are reapplied until the horse does come to a complete halt. The horse should not turn to the side as the horse halts.  3, record 21, English, - halt

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The horse has come to [a] halt on the bit and in good balance.  4, record 21, English, - halt

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Arrêt, en équilibre, du cheval au milieu de sa marche.  3, record 21, French, - arr%C3%AAt

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'arrêt est lui aussi jugé comme quelque chose d'important. Il doit être d'aplomb. En d'autres termes le cheval doit s'arrêter immobile et droit, les membres également placés sous son corps [...]  4, record 21, French, - arr%C3%AAt

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... a long-striding trot ...  2, record 22, English, - extended%20trot

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Extended Trot. The horse should cover as much ground as possible while maintaining the cadence. While remaining balanced and on the bit, the horse lengthens the frame and the stride as a result of great impulsion from the hindquarters. In the forward movement of the extension, the movement of the fore and hind legs should be similar(parallel).  3, record 22, English, - extended%20trot

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... the horse remaining in forward balance with an extended neck ...  2, record 22, English, - extended%20trot

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] allure acquise par le dressage, dans laquelle la simultanéité des posés diagonaux n'a pas cessé d'exister, parce que l'équilibre du cheval est maintenu [...]  3, record 22, French, - trot%20allong%C3%A9

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Leather or nylon headgear, with attachments for side reins and lunge line, worn by the horse when it is being lunged.  3, record 23, English, - caveson%20bridle

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A cavesson resembles a heavy, well fitting halter and is the preferred headpiece for longeing(lungeing) English horses. "Breaking" cavessons are generally made of stout leather with heavy metal nosepieces and have straps to fasten them securely and keep them in position because during "breaking" it is often necessary to tug or pull quite hard on the line to control the horse. Lighter, simpler cavessons are also available for the very young horse, the already-trained horse, for use with a bit or bridle, and for use as a dropped noseband.  4, record 23, English, - caveson%20bridle

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The traditional cavesson is made from leather but nylon cavessons are also available. A longeing (lungeing) cavesson has a padded noseband with a jointed metal nosepiece that usually has 3 swivel-mounted rings attached to it. Generally the middle ring is used for longeing (lungeing) unless a horse carries his head to the outside of the circle extremely. In that case, the inside cavesson ring can be used to bend the horse inward on the longeing (lungeing) circle. The side rings are also used for side rein attachment or long line attachment.  4, record 23, English, - caveson%20bridle

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Stubben 1085 Crank Caveson Bridle ... Stubben’s crank caveson comes with a single roller buckle which tightens the chinstrip from both sides, providing equal pressure all around.  1, record 23, English, - caveson%20bridle

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Licol renforcé à l'avant, sur le dessus duquel on attache la longe.  1, record 23, French, - cave%C3%A7on

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Cabezón de trabajo a cuerda.  1, record 23, Spanish, - cabez%C3%B3n

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A curb bit with the lower cheeks set back from the mouthpiece, in order to prevent the horse from catching them with the lips.  1, record 24, English, - elbow%20bit

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mors dont les parties inférieures des branches sont placées postérieurement par rapport à l'embouchure, ce qui [empêche] le cheval [de] les prendre entre ses lèvres.  1, record 24, French, - mors%20anglais

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An anti-rearing device, useful when loading or leading a difficult horse.  3, record 25, English, - chifney

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A Chifney bit is used for leading stallions. It has a violent and direct action on the bars when the horse rears up.  4, record 25, English, - chifney

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A circular bit, there are two types: 1) with a plain mouthpiece used as a lead bit, and 2) with a reversed half-circle mouthpiece.  2, record 25, English, - chifney

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le CHIFNEY s'utilise pour la présentation des étalons en main. Il a une action violente et directe sur les barres lorsque le cheval se cabre. Ne s'utilise jamais monté.  3, record 25, French, - chifney

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Chifney con correas de cuero.  1, record 25, Spanish, - chifney

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rubber or leather ring that lies between the horse’s cheek and the snaffle bit ring to prevent skin pinching.  2, record 26, English, - bit%20guard

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Some riders use rubber bit guards to make the young horse more comfortable.  1, record 26, English, - bit%20guard

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour un maximum de confort et d'aisance, l'usage de rondelles évite au mors de sortir de la bouche du cheval en cas de rapport de force : «Les rondelles permettent de canaliser le mors et diminuent les risques de blessure aux commissures des lèvres». Le modèle classique en caoutchouc se trouve à peu près partout [...]. Pour une pose plus facile, il existe aussi la rondelle de mors ouverte [...]  2, record 26, French, - rondelle%20de%20mors

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A standard pose of a well-handled saddle horse in which it is brought well up to the bit and flexion of the body predominates with jaw relaxed, head arched at the poll, and hocks tucked under the body so that the center of gravity is shifted toward the rear quarters;...  2, record 27, English, - collection

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Collection of a horse.  3, record 27, English, - collection

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Attitude prise par un cheval que son cavalier a rassemblé, et dans laquelle il est prêt à exécuter immédiatement le mouvement que celui-ci veut lui faire exécuter.  2, record 27, French, - rassembler

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Rassembler d'un cheval.  3, record 27, French, - rassembler

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Your horse has likely spent hundreds of miles jogging with an overcheck bit in his mouth. The overcheck bit helped him maintain his racing gait, either the trot or pace, by holding his head and neck up.  3, record 28, English, - overcheck%20bit

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A kind of noseband used in breaking and training horses.  2, record 29, English, - cavesson

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The cavesson noseband is not intended to interfere at all with the bit action, when fitted correctly. If fitted tightly it can prevent the horse from opening his jaw to evade the action of the bit.  5, record 29, English, - cavesson

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Simple noseband fitted to a bridle.  6, record 29, English, - cavesson

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On ne peut ajuster que la hauteur de la muserolle, qui est faite d'une seule pièce, au moyen de ses montants.  2, record 29, French, - muserolle%20fran%C3%A7aise

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Breaking takes between 4 and 6 weeks, though longer may be required if horses have had little handling. All horses here basically go through the same breaking program, regardless of their final intended use. Your horse is tied up to the tie-up-poles, where there is minimal risk of injury if he pulls back. In the round-pen, he will be hobbled, bridled, and saddled. He will be lunged with a saddle on, carrying the bit but no reins. Next, he will de driven(long reined). This starts to develop steering on the horse, stopping and backing up. Then he will be ridden in the round-pen until he is balanced with a rider, can steer, stop and back up. Then it is outside to do the same.  1, record 30, English, - breaking

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The spaces between the incisives and the molars of the horse where the bit rests.  2, record 32, English, - bars

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Depending on the type of bit, this is achieved by exerting pressure on one or more of the following parts of the head: the corners of the mouth, the bars of the mouth, the tongue, ....  3, record 32, English, - bars

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Espaces au-dessus des coins chez les juments ou des crochets chez le cheval.  2, record 32, French, - barres

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Aux deux mâchoires, un espace interdentaire nommé "barres" sur lequel porte le mors, sépare les crochets ou les coins des premières avant-molaires.  1, record 32, French, - barres

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Give and take is when every increase of the tension of the rein slows the horse down, the rider closes his fingers and when every decrease of tension displaces the bit in his mouth, the rider opens his fingers.  1, record 33, English, - give%20and%20take

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour prendre et reprendre la main se fixe en fermant assez vigoureusement les doigts quand le cheval tire, mais les doigts se relâchent [...] aussitôt que la mâchoire fait une concession.  1, record 33, French, - prendre%20et%20reprendre

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The phrase "on the bit" is often misunderstood in the context of how the horse takes the bit. What it means is that the horse should accept the bit, but not lean on it or try to drop it.  1, record 34, English, - lean%20on%20the%20bit

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Par suite d'un mauvais équilibre, prendre un appui exagéré sur le mors.  1, record 34, French, - s%27appuyer

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

"Bitting" a horse or pony, that is selecting the proper type of bit for each horse and adjusting the bit to fit properly, is really something of an art.  1, record 35, English, - bit%20a%20horse

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Donner à un cheval un mors convenant à la dimension de sa bouche et à sa sensibilité.  1, record 35, French, - emboucher

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

--all leading is done on the left side of the horse. The reins or lead shank is held in the right hand no further than six inches from the bit or halter. The end of the shank is held in the left hand  1, record 36, English, - lead%20the%20horse

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

--il faut toujours aborder le cheval du côté gauche. Saisissez les rênes dans la main droite à quelque 15 cm de la bouche du cheval [...] la main gauche tenant les extrémités.  1, record 36, French, - amener%20son%20cheval

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish