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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Two pathways to glaciogenic cloud seeding were developed. Static seeding aims at using modest or "optimal" amount of seeds with the target of forming ice (or snow) crystals that collect supercooled droplets in a process called riming, which leads to formation of graupels and their precipitation. The dynamic seeding aims at rapid glaciation of the whole cloud by using large amounts of seeds.  2, record 1, English, - dynamic%20cloud%20seeding

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Glaciogenic cloud seeding is usually done by dispersing efficient ice nuclei, such as silver iodide particles or dry ice(solid carbon dioxide) into the cloud, causing heterogeneous ice nucleation.  2, record 1, English, - dynamic%20cloud%20seeding

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le principe de l'ensemencement dynamique consiste essentiellement à provoquer une glaciation rapide des nuages surfondus en y introduisant des quantités suffisantes de noyaux glaçogènes ou réfrigérant. La libération de chaleur latente dont s'accompagne le gel des gouttes surfondues et/ou la croissance des cristaux de glace due au dépôt de vapeur augmente la poussée hydrostatique dans le nuage. En présence de conditions favorables, ceci entraîne l'épaississement et le gonflement du nuage, renforce le transport vertical d'eau à l'intérieur de celui-ci, et peut augmenter les quantités de précipitations reçues au sol.  1, record 1, French, - ensemencement%20dynamique

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There are a number of mechanisms of ice nucleation in the atmosphere through which ice nuclei can catalyse the formation of ice particles.  1, record 2, English, - ice%20nucleation

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Certains aérosols facilitent la nucléation de la glace en raison de leur structure moléculaire souvent semblable à celle de la glace. On appelle ces aérosols les noyaux glaçogènes.  1, record 2, French, - nucl%C3%A9ation%20de%20la%20glace

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Icephobic coatings have demonstrated the ability to repel water droplets, delay ice nucleation and significantly reduce ice adhesion.  2, record 3, English, - icephobic%20coating

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] nucleus which sets up the formation of ice crystals in the atmosphere ...  7, record 4, English, - ice%20nucleus

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

An ice nucleus may be either a freezing nucleus or a sublimation nucleus. Recent studies of ice nucleation strongly indicate that natural ice nuclei, whatever their exact physicochemical nature, are freezing nuclei rather than sublimation nuclei.  8, record 4, English, - ice%20nucleus

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ice nucleus; ice-forming nucleus; ice-producing nucleus: The plural form of "nucleus" is "nuclei."  9, record 4, English, - ice%20nucleus

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Noyau donnant naissance à de la glace [...]  4, record 4, French, - noyau%20gla%C3%A7og%C3%A8ne

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] certains aérosols, appelés «noyaux glacigènes», peuvent provoquer la nucléation de gouttelettes à des températures de l'ordre de -4 °C; plus la température est basse, plus ils sont actifs, et c'est ainsi qu'à -20 °C, près de 90 % des gouttelettes ont été nucléées en glace.  5, record 4, French, - noyau%20gla%C3%A7og%C3%A8ne

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Núcleo que ocasiona la formación de cristales de hielo.  2, record 4, Spanish, - n%C3%BAcleo%20glaci%C3%B3geno

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A cirrocumulus or altocumulus cloud in which a large circular or elliptical gap has appeared.  4, record 5, English, - fallstreak%20hole%20cloud

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[The gap is] formed when the water temperature in the clouds is below freezing but the water has not frozen yet due to the lack of ice nucleation particles... When ice crystals do form, it will set off a domino effect, due to the Bergeron process, causing the water droplets around the crystals to evaporate : this leaves a large, often circular, hole in the cloud.  5, record 5, English, - fallstreak%20hole%20cloud

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Trou de virga. Un nuage à une altitude où la température est bien sous le point de congélation est souvent formé d'un mélange de cristaux de glace et de gouttelettes en surfusion, tel les altocumulus ou les cirrocumulus. Les gouttelettes ne peuvent souvent se changer en cristaux par manque de noyaux glacigènes si elles sont éloignées des cristaux de glace du nuage. Un apport de ces noyaux causera la congélation immédiate des gouttes qu'ils touchent et l'absorption rapide des autres gouttes environnantes par effet Bergeron. Ceci diminue donc la densité du nuage qui semble s'évanouir autour de la zone affectée.  2, record 5, French, - trou%20de%20virga

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A method of cloud seeding in which silver iodide crystals are introduced into the supercooled portions of clouds to induce the nucleation of ice crystals and, thus, precipitation.  2, record 6, English, - silver%20iodide%20seeding

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemencement des nuages avec de l'iodure d'argent, généralement limité aux nuages d'eau surfondue.  2, record 6, French, - ensemencement%20%C3%A0%20l%27iodure%20d%27argent

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Siembra de las nubes con yoduro de plata, en general limitada a las nubes subfundidas.  1, record 6, Spanish, - siembra%20de%20yoduro%20de%20plata

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bacterium having the ability to induce ice formation in plant tissues.  1, record 7, English, - ice%20nucleating%20bacterium

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A note on the presence of ice nucleation-active bacteria in roots of alfalfa grown in Quebec.... Bacteria capable of ice nucleation activity were readily isolated from the xylem of alfalfa roots... These bacteria were identified as Erwinia herbicola, Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. syringae and Pseudomonas spp.  2, record 7, English, - ice%20nucleating%20bacterium

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Plural :ice nucleating bacterium, ice nucleation-active bacteria.  3, record 7, English, - ice%20nucleating%20bacterium

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bactérie ayant l'aptitude à induire la prise en glace dans les tissus végétaux.  2, record 7, French, - bact%C3%A9rie%20gla%C3%A7og%C3%A8ne

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Refers to the ability of certain bacteria to induce ice formation in plant tissues.  1, record 8, English, - ice%20nucleation%20activity

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les bactéries à activité glaçogène ont l'aptitude à induire la prise de glace.  3, record 8, French, - activit%C3%A9%20gla%C3%A7og%C3%A8ne

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish