TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The weather as observed from a ship at sea, usually taken in accordance with procedures specified by the World Meteorological Organization.  2, record 1, English, - marine%20weather%20observation

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The following elements are usually included : total cloud amount; wind direction and speed; visibility; current weather; pressure; temperature; selected cloud-layer data, that is, amount, type, and height; pressure tendency; seawater temperature; dew point temperature; state of the sea(waves) ;sea ice; and icing onboard ship. Also included are the date and time, and the name, position, course, and speed of the ship.  2, record 1, English, - marine%20weather%20observation

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Phase transitions.... Discontinuous transitions involve a discontinuous change in the entropy at the transition temperature. A familiar example of this type of transition is the freezing of water into ice. As water reaches the freezing point, order develops without any change in temperature. Thus there is a dicontinuous decrease in the entropy at the freezing point.  1, record 2, English, - first%2Dorder%20transition

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Changements de phase. [...] P. Ehrenfest proposa, en 1933, d'appeler transitions du premier ordre les transitions s'accompagnant de discontinuités dans les grandeurs physiques, comme l'entropie, qui sont reliées à des dérivées premières de l'énergie libre, et transitions du deuxième ordre les transitions s'accompagnant de discontinuités dans les grandeurs physiques, comme la chaleur spécifique, qui sont reliées à des dérivées secondes de l'énergie libre, les dérivées premières étant continues.  1, record 2, French, - transition%20du%20premier%20ordre

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cambio de estado asociado con cristalización o fusión en un polímero.  1, record 2, Spanish, - transici%C3%B3n%20de%20primer%20orden

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A waffle cone is a type of pastry. It is made out of a thin waffle that has been rolled so as to have a tight point at one end and a large opening at the other. A waffle cone will usually have ice cream, frozen custard, or soft serve placed inside of it.  2, record 3, English, - waffle%20cone

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Glacier ice which is well beneath its pressure melting point, resulting in the absence of melt water.  2, record 4, English, - cold%20ice

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

From the point of view of the submariner, thin places of the ice canopy usually less than one meter thick and appearing from below as relatively light translucent patches in dark surroundings.  1, record 5, English, - ice%20skylight

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The undersurface of an ice skylight is normally flat.  1, record 5, English, - ice%20skylight

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] pour la glace pure, peu épaisse, transparente qu'un sous-marin pouvait sans danger percer afin de faire surface, ce mot de ice skylight a été rendu suivant une définition descriptive par glace de lumière.  2, record 5, French, - glace%20de%20lumi%C3%A8re

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Deposit of ice crystals in the form of scales, needles, feathers and fans and which forms on objects in the same manner as dew, except that the water vapour of the air is transformed directly into ice crystals.  5, record 6, English, - hoar%20frost

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Hoarfrost [is] a deposit of interlocking ice crystals formed by direct sublimation on objects, usually those of small diameter freely exposed to the air, such as tree branches, plant stems and leaf edges, wires, and poles. Also, frost may form on the skin of an aircraft when a cold aircraft flies into warm and moist air or when it passes through air that is supersaturated with water vapor. Hoarfrost is formed similarly to the way dew is formed except that the temperature of the frosted object must be below freezing. Frost forms when air with a dew point below freezing is brought to saturation by cooling. In addition to its formation on freely exposed objects(air hoar), hoarfrost also forms inside unheated buildings and vehicles, in caves, in crevasses(crevasse hoar), on snow surfaces(surface hoar), and in air spaces within snow, especially below a snow crust(depth hoar). Hoarfrost is more fluffy and feathery than rime, which in turn is lighter than glaze. Hoarfrost is designated light or heavy(frost) depending upon the amount and uniformity of deposition.  6, record 6, English, - hoar%20frost

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Hoarfrost [is] due to nocturnal radiation. Hoarfrost forms during still, clear nights, is small in amount, needlelike in texture, the "needles" approximately perpendicular to the objects on which they occur, and most abundant along the edges.  7, record 6, English, - hoar%20frost

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

hoarfrost: sometimes confused with "rime."  7, record 6, English, - hoar%20frost

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Couche épaisse de cristaux de glace produite par le gel d'un dépôt de vapeur d'eau.  2, record 6, French, - gel%C3%A9e%20blanche

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La gelée blanche est un dépôt de glace, d'aspect cristallin, affectant le plus souvent la forme d'écailles, d'aiguilles, de plumes ou d'éventails. Elle se forme d'une manière analogue à la rosée, lorsque la température du point de rosée de l'air est inférieure à 0 °C.  3, record 6, French, - gel%C3%A9e%20blanche

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Pour deux raisons, une gelée blanche cause moins de dommage à la végétation qu'une gelée noire : 1) elle tend à isoler la plante d'un froid plus intense, 2) elle libère la chaleur latente de fusion en faveur du milieu.  2, record 6, French, - gel%C3%A9e%20blanche

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 3 CONT

On considère qu'il existe trois types de gelées : Les gelées par advections ou gelées noires ou gelées de plein vent. [...] Les gelées blanches ou gelées par rayonnement. Elles se produisent surtout pendant certaines nuits claires de février ou mars et même éventuellement jusqu'au début mai et occasionnent de gros dégâts sur la floraison. [...] Les gelées par évaporation.  4, record 6, French, - gel%C3%A9e%20blanche

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Precipitación atmosférica de gotitas de agua en estado de sobrefusión que, al entrar en contacto con una superficie sólida (plantas, hilos telegráficos, etc.), se congelan bruscamente sobre ella y la cubren de una capa de pequeños cristales de hielo.  3, record 6, Spanish, - escarcha

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

escarcha; helada blanca: términos utilizados por la Asociación Mundial de la Carretera.  4, record 6, Spanish, - escarcha

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The temperature at which a mixture of air-saturated pure water and pure ice may exist in equilibrium at a pressure of one standard atmosphere.  3, record 7, English, - ice%20point

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The ice point is frequently called the freezing point, but the latter term should be reserved for the much broader reference to the solidification of any kind of liquid under various conditions.  3, record 7, English, - ice%20point

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

For pure-water substance the [freezing point] temperature is 0°C and is termed the "ice-point". In meteorology, the term "freezing-point" is often used to signify "ice-point". In practice, a cooling liquid may not freeze at the freezing-point because of a pressure variation from standard atmospheric pressure, or the presence of impurities, or the phenomenon of supercooling.  7, record 7, English, - ice%20point

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Vrai point de congélation de l'eau; température à laquelle un mélange d'eau pure saturée d'air et de glace pure en équilibre existe à la pression d'une atmosphère type.  1, record 7, French, - point%20de%20glace

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Sous une pression normale, la température du point de fusion de la glace pure est prise comme référence du 0° de l'échelle thermométrique Celsius.  5, record 7, French, - point%20de%20glace

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il ne faut pas confondre le point de glace avec le point de givre ou avec le point de gelée blanche.  6, record 7, French, - point%20de%20glace

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

El punto de congelación verdadero; la temperatura a la cual una mezcla constituida por agua pura saturada de aire y por hielo puro presenta un estado de equilibrio a la presión de una atmósfera estándar.  1, record 7, Spanish, - punto%20de%20hielo

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The movement of soil or rock from one point to another by the action of the moving ice of a glacier.  2, record 8, English, - glacial%20erosion

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Érosion provoquée par la glace en mouvement qui s'écoule de l'amont vers l'aval et qui creuse profondément le relief préglaciaire sur lequel elle se déplace.  2, record 8, French, - %C3%A9rosion%20glaciaire

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La désagrégation des roches sur les bords du glacier est surtout due au gel; les débris provenant de cette fragmentation sont entraînés par le mouvement du glacier et ce déblaiement latéral, en empêchant la constitution d'un talus d'éboulis protecteur, favorise l'érosion des versants.  3, record 8, French, - %C3%A9rosion%20glaciaire

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Maximum temperature of formation of hoar frost by sublimation of atmospheric moisture on a cooled polished surface.  4, record 9, English, - frost%20point

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Analogous to the dew point, it applies when the moisture in the atmosphere will not condense above 0° Celsius.  2, record 9, English, - frost%20point

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Not to be confused with "freezing point" or "ice point".  5, record 9, English, - frost%20point

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Température maximale de formation de gelée blanche par sublimation de l'humidité atmosphérique sur une surface polie refroidie.  2, record 9, French, - point%20de%20gel%C3%A9e%20blanche

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ne pas confondre avec le «point de givre» ou le «point de glace».  3, record 9, French, - point%20de%20gel%C3%A9e%20blanche

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

En el caso de una superficie brillante enfriada, temperatura máxima a la que se forma escarcha por sublimación del vapor de agua de la atmósfera.  1, record 9, Spanish, - punto%20de%20sublimaci%C3%B3n

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A molded-plastic or wire covering for the face securely fastened to the helmet and worn as protection by goalers in team sports and by players or competitors in some team or individual sports.  8, record 10, English, - face%20mask

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[The] face guard [is] available in clear plastic and cage type, [it] must be securely fastened to the helmet so that it will not make contact with the face.  9, record 10, English, - face%20mask

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Jacques Plante, a goaler for the hockey team "Le Canadien de Montréal", is the first hockey player to have worn a mask in the 1960's. The practice became popular to the point that now every goaler wears a complete "mask" while many offensive players wear a "face shield, guard or protector" attached to their helmet, hence the difficulty distinguishing among the different terms. The idea is now accepted by players in many sports :ice, field or roller hockey, short-track speed skating, ringette, etc. The protection worn by the receiver in baseball stands in the same category.  8, record 10, English, - face%20mask

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Moulage de plastique assurant la protection de la figure du gardien de but au hockey [sur glace et des gardiens et joueurs dans de nombreux sports].  8, record 10, French, - masque

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Le] masque protecteur [est] disponible en plastique transparent et sous forme de cage; [il] doit être bien fixé au casque de façon à ne pas être en contact avec le visage.  2, record 10, French, - masque

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le masque protecteur a d'abord été porté par les gardiens de but au hockey sur glace puis par les joueurs d'avant et de défense, d'où le fait que les sources ne distinguent pas toujours entre le masque, protecteur facial porté par le gardien, et le masque, visière ou grille protectrice rattachée au casque que portent les autres joueurs de hockey. Le port du masque protecteur est devenu pratique courante dans de nombreux sports.  9, record 10, French, - masque

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

"Máscara" se emplea para el beisbol y el hockey sobre hierba y "careta" para los deportes de patines sobre ruedas.  2, record 10, Spanish, - m%C3%A1scara%20protectora%20de%20cara

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A salt mixture added to crushed ice to lower its melting point.  3, record 11, English, - freezing%20mixture

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mélange de sels que l'on ajoute à la glace broyée pour en abaisser le point de fusion.  2, record 11, French, - m%C3%A9lange%20cong%C3%A9lateur

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The temperature at which [the] crystals [of a pure substance] are in equilibrium with the liquid phase at atmospheric pressure.  6, record 12, English, - melting%20point

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The melting point of a substance should be considered a property of its crystalline form only. At the melting point the liquid and solid forms of a substance exist in equilibrium. All substances of crystalline nature have their characteristic melting points. For very pure substances the temperature range over which the process of fusion occurs is very small. The melting point of a pure crystalline solid is a function of pressure; it increases with increasing pressure for most substances. However, in the case of ice(and a few other substances) the melting point decreases with increasing pressure... Under a pressure of one standard atmosphere, the melting point of pure ice is the same as the ice point, that is, 0°C.  7, record 12, English, - melting%20point

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The melting point is the temperature at which a solid material becomes liquid. The freezing point is the temperature at which liquid material becomes a solid.  8, record 12, English, - melting%20point

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The term "melting point"(mp) is used when the equilibrium temperature is approached by heating the solid. Ordinarily refers to temperature above 0°C, the melting point of ice.  6, record 12, English, - melting%20point

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 3 OBS

... melting point and freezing point are often used interchangeably depending on whether the substance is being heated or cooled.  6, record 12, English, - melting%20point

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Température à laquelle, sous une certaine pression, le solide et le liquide sont en équilibre.  4, record 12, French, - point%20de%20fusion

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'abréviation T_f est utilisée dans les cahiers de la collection Enviroguide d'Environnement Canada.  3, record 12, French, - point%20de%20fusion

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Para una sustancia, la temperatura correspondiente al paso de la fase sólida a la líquida.  4, record 12, Spanish, - temperatura%20de%20fusi%C3%B3n

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Es función de la presión.  4, record 12, Spanish, - temperatura%20de%20fusi%C3%B3n

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The volatile flammable liquid normal hydrocarbon ... used chiefly in gasoline, in organic synthesis, and as a solvent.  5, record 13, English, - pentane

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Properties : Colorless liquid; pleasant odor; freezing point-129. 7°C.... Uses : Artificial ice manufacture; low-temperature thermometers; solvent extraction processes; blowing agent in plastics, e. g., expandable polystyrene; pesticide.  6, record 13, English, - pentane

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

pentane: form recommended by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) for the systematic name corresponding to the CAS number indicated on the present record; term adopted by Environment Canada: used in the list of pollutants measured in the National Air Pollution Surveillance Network (NAPS).  7, record 13, English, - pentane

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Also known under the designation UN 1265.  7, record 13, English, - pentane

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 4 OBS

n-: This abbreviation (of "normal") must be italicized.  8, record 13, English, - pentane

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 5 OBS

See also the related concepts of "isopentane" and "neopentane."  7, record 13, English, - pentane

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 6 OBS

Chemical formula: C₅H₁₂ or CH₃(CH₂)₃CH₃  7, record 13, English, - pentane

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pentane : forme recommandée par l'UICPA (Union internationale de chimie pure et appliquée) pour le nom systématique correspondant au numéro CAS indiqué sur la présente fiche; terme retenu par Environnement Canada : utilisé dans la liste des polluants mesurés par le Réseau national de surveillance de la pollution atmosphérique (RNSPA).  4, record 13, French, - pentane

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

n- : Cette abréviation (de «normal») s'écrit en italique  2, record 13, French, - pentane

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Voir aussi «isopentane» et «néopentane», qui sont des termes apparentés.  4, record 13, French, - pentane

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 4 OBS

Formule chimique : C₅H₁₂ ou CH₃(CH₂)₃CH₃  4, record 13, French, - pentane

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A rock gliding on the ice, from the point of release to the point of complete stop.  4, record 14, English, - moving%20rock

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pierre glissant sur la piste depuis le lâcher jusqu'à l'arrêt complet.  2, record 14, French, - pierre%20en%20mouvement

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A spike of ice formed during the freezing of a water drop or a contained volume of water (as in a puddle or freezer container) ...  3, record 15, English, - ice%20spicule

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The surface film of water is cooled below freezing point and suddenly changed into needle-like crystals office(ice spicules) that are slightly lighter than water.  4, record 15, English, - ice%20spicule

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The expression ICE NEEDLE should not be confused with NEEDLE ICE.  5, record 15, English, - ice%20spicule

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cristal de glace long et mince dont la coupe transversale est hexagonale et qui est formé dans l'eau surfondue.  2, record 15, French, - aiguille%20de%20glace

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The sliding of a glacier on its bed.  3, record 16, English, - basal%20sliding

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The difference between observed and calculated creep velocities is accounted for by basal sliding (U_s) ... and in many glaciers U[subscripts] may be the dominant term in ice flow accounting for up to 90% of the motion.  4, record 16, English, - basal%20sliding

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[This phenomenon] is the result of a glacier reaching its melting point at its base. It accounts for 90% of the glacier's total movement and is responsible for erosion at the ice-rock interface on the beds of glaciers and ice sheets.  5, record 16, English, - basal%20sliding

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 OBS

basal slip: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.  6, record 16, English, - basal%20sliding

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Gisement d'un glacier sur son lit.  2, record 16, French, - glissement%20basal

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Phénomène qui compte pour 20 à 90 % de l'écoulement total d'un glacier. Caractéristiques de glaciers dits tempérés qui se trouvent dans des conditions de pression et de température telles qu'au moins la base du glacier est proche de l'état de fusion. Donc, une couche d'eau apparaît à la base du glacier quand ce dernier se bute à des obstacles mineurs qui font varier la pression et amènent l'écoulement du glacier.  3, record 16, French, - glissement%20basal

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 OBS

glissement basal : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.  4, record 16, French, - glissement%20basal

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Solidification or refreezing which is experienced by ice close to its melting point following melting induced by sufficient pressure.  2, record 17, English, - regelation

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

At least part of the movement probably takes place by regelation around small irregularities in the bedrock floor. The increased pressure on the onset side of any protuberance leads to local melting. The water then flows to the lee side where it refreezes under conditions of diminished pressure.  3, record 17, English, - regelation

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Phénomène [...] consistant pour la glace qui a fondu sous l'action d'une pression, à se reformer aussitôt que cette pression cesse.  2, record 17, French, - regel

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'eau de fonte descendant dans la neige froide, la réchauffe jusqu'au point de fusion, grâce aux calories que libère son regel partiel. Les grains grossissent, la neige augmente de densité et évolue vers le névé.  3, record 17, French, - regel

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Over the past few decades, most Arctic glaciers have been retreating and thinning in response to climate change and are predicted to shrink further over the next few decades. Many Arctic glaciers are polythermal, with warm ice(at 0°) in their interior, where ice is thick and is warmed to the pressure melt point, and cold ice(below 0°C) around their margins where ice is thin.  2, record 18, English, - warm%20ice

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A thermally complex glacier with both warm and cold ice. Typically, warm ice occurs where the ice is thickest as a result of geothermal heating, whilst the snout and margins of the glacier are frozen to the bed.  3, record 18, English, - warm%20ice

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

warm ice: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.  4, record 18, English, - warm%20ice

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Glace d'un inlandsis pouvant connaître des températures positives.  2, record 18, French, - glace%20temp%C3%A9r%C3%A9e

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'apparition d'une poche d'eau dans un glacier sous-tend le fait que la partie du glacier où elle se développe est tempérée, c'est-à-dire que la glace est à son point de fusion. La limite entre la glace froide et la glace tempérée se situe, dans les Alpes, aux environs de 4000 m d'altitude (plus ou moins quelques centaines de mètres selon l'exposition, et aussi l'épaisseur du glacier : un glacier très épais peut être froid en surface et tempéré à sa base).  3, record 18, French, - glace%20temp%C3%A9r%C3%A9e

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 CONT

L'exploration des sites sous-glaciaires a permis de souligner l'opposition de glaces «tempérées» avec une température proche de zéro degré centigrade à l'interface glace-roche et de glaces «froides» (interface à une température nettement négative donc empêchant la fusion par surpression).  4, record 18, French, - glace%20temp%C3%A9r%C3%A9e

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

glace tempérée : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.  5, record 18, French, - glace%20temp%C3%A9r%C3%A9e

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A player who regularly scores goals or who is noted for his ability to score goals.  3, record 19, English, - scorer

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pele was an exceptionally versatile footballer, two-footed, an extremely successful goal scorer, highly skilled at dribbling and passing, and had remarkably good defensive skills for an attacking player.  2, record 19, English, - scorer

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Distinguish from "scorer, "the official who records the score and statistics of a game or contest and between the two meanings of the generic "scorer, "the first being a "goal scorer" in sports in which goals are scored(ice and field hockey, handball, lacrosse, soccer, water polo, broomball, ringette), and the second, a "point scorer" in sports in which points are scored(curling, volleyball, football, rugby, baseball, racquet sports). In basketball, baskets are scored.  3, record 19, English, - scorer

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

"Scorer" is the most commonly used term.  4, record 19, English, - scorer

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Joueur qui réussit des buts.  4, record 19, French, - buteur

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

marqueur de buts : Lorsqu'on signifie la fréquence à compter ou l'habileté d'un joueur à marquer des buts, c'est le pluriel qui s'impose : «Wayne Gretzky et Jean Béliveau ont été d'habiles manieurs de bâton et marqueurs de buts.».  2, record 19, French, - buteur

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Distinguer du «marqueur», l'officiel responsable de prendre note de la marque et de statistiques de jeu pendant un match ou une épreuve.  2, record 19, French, - buteur

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Distinguer entre les sens des termes génériques «compteur» et «marqueur» qui signifient «compteur de buts» ou «marqueur de buts» dans les sports où des buts se comptent (hockey sur glace et sur gazon, handball, crosse, soccer, water-polo, ballon sur glace, ringuette), et qui ont le sens de «compteur de points» ou «marqueur de points» dans ceux où des points s'accumulent (curling, volleyball, football, rugby, baseball, sports de raquette). En basketball, on compte des paniers.  2, record 19, French, - buteur

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Término de deportes de patines sobre ruedas también.  2, record 19, Spanish, - goleador

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Snowplow-glide forward with feet parallel, point toes inward while bending the knees causing the blade to scrape the ice.  1, record 20, English, - snowplow

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Chasse-neige : Glisser vers l'avant, pieds parallèles, tourner le bout des pieds vers l'intérieur en fléchissant les genoux forçant ainsi les lames à déraper.  1, record 20, French, - chasse%2Dneige

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An ice canopy containing many large skylights or other features which permit a submarine to surface.  1, record 21, English, - friendly%20ice

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

There must be more than ten such features per 30 nautical miles (56 km) along the submarine’s track.  1, record 21, English, - friendly%20ice

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 OBS

ice canopy :Ice from the point of view of the submariner.  1, record 21, English, - friendly%20ice

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Voûte de glace comportant beaucoup de grandes claires-voies ou autres caractéristiques permettant à un sous-marin de faire surface.  1, record 21, French, - glace%20propice

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Pour qu'il en soit ainsi, il doit y avoir plus de dix de ces ouvertures par 56 km (30 milles marins) sur la route du sous-marin.  2, record 21, French, - glace%20propice

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Voûte de glace : La banquise du point de vue d'un sous-marinier.  1, record 21, French, - glace%20propice

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rain composed of drops at a temperature below freezing point.  4, record 22, English, - supercooled%20rain

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ice storms, also referred to as glaze storms, cause considerable damage every year to trees and power lines. Ice accumulates when super cooled rain freezes on contact with surfaces, such as tree branches, that are at or below the freezing point. This generally occurs when a winter warm front passes through an area after the ground level temperature reaches or falls below freezing.  3, record 22, English, - supercooled%20rain

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pluie composée de gouttes dont la température est inférieure au point de congélation.  2, record 22, French, - pluie%20surfondue

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le contact de telles gouttes sur le sol ou sur un objet provoque la formation de givre transparent ou de verglas.  3, record 22, French, - pluie%20surfondue

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Caída de gotas de lluvia con temperatura por debajo del punto de congelación.  1, record 22, Spanish, - lluvia%20subfundida

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The temperature at which a liquid solidifies under the influence of a particular set of conditions.  3, record 23, English, - freezing%20point

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It may or may not be the same as the melting point or the more rigidly defined true freezing point or(for water) ice point. It is not an "equilibrium" property of a substance; it applies to the liquid phase only. The freezing point is somewhat dependent upon : the "purity" of the liquid; the volume and shape of the liquid mass; the availability of freezing nuclei; and the pressure acting upon the liquid.  2, record 23, English, - freezing%20point

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Température de solidification d'un liquide dans des conditions données.  5, record 23, French, - point%20de%20cong%C3%A9lation

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ne pas confondre avec le point de gelée blanche et le point de glace.  6, record 23, French, - point%20de%20cong%C3%A9lation

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Temperatura de solidificación de un líquido en condiciones determinadas.  3, record 23, Spanish, - temperatura%20de%20congelaci%C3%B3n

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Construir un diagrama eutéctico simple en un equilibrio sólido-liquido. Efectuar el análisis térmico de las curvas de enfriamiento y los sistemas eutécticos simples. Construir los diagramas de temperatura de congelación en formación de compuesto. Graficar diagramas de soluciones sólidas y determinar su elevación de su temperatura de solidificación.  4, record 23, Spanish, - temperatura%20de%20congelaci%C3%B3n

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Esta información es importante porque un material congelado puede reventar el recipiente donde está contenido o los peligros pueden cambiar.  5, record 23, Spanish, - temperatura%20de%20congelaci%C3%B3n

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Frost Control : Irrigation and Chemical. Irrigation can be used to protect vegetable crops... With the proper equipment, sprinkling must begin as soon as the temperature reaches 34°F. Place a calibrated thermometer at the lowest point of elevation in the field at plant level, facing skyward. To check the accuracy of the thermometer, place it in a water/crushed-ice mixture, stirring occasionally. After 20 minutes, the thermometer should read 30°F. Sprinkling should continue until the air temperature is above 30°F and the ice has melted from the plants.  2, record 24, English, - frost%20control

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Techniques, soit préventives ou passives, soit curatives ou actives, visant à prévenir ou à réduire les risques de gel de certaines productions agricoles.  3, record 24, French, - lutte%20antigel

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans le domaine agricole, l'intervention sur les facteurs climatiques s'est jusqu'ici cantonnée à des actions qui tendent essentiellement à modifier artificiellement l'environnement immédiat des plantes. On peut citer en particulier, outre la culture sous serres, les brise-vent tendant à réduire l'évapotranspiration des plantes, l'irrigation, la lutte contre le gel qui peut revêtir diverses formes (nuages artificiels de gouttelettes d'eau, humidification du sol, emploi de brûleurs).  4, record 24, French, - lutte%20antigel

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The satellite has a three axis body stabilized design. This enables the satellite to point accurately toward the Earth and provide continuous global images of cloud cover; surface parameters such as snow, ice and vegetation; and atmospheric temperatures, moisture and aerosol distributions.  1, record 25, English, - surface%20parameter

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les apports essentiels des données recueillies par télédétection se situent : [...] - dans la possibilité d'avoir accès à des renseignements impossibles à obtenir par d'autres méthodes, en particulier l'accès aux paramètres de surface ou à certains paramètres complexes : bilan radiatif, bilan hydrique, évapotranspiration réelle [...]  2, record 25, French, - param%C3%A8tre%20de%20surface

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Le développement de l'observation satellitale notamment en microondes constitue la principale évolution dans le domaine de la mesure : les instruments actifs et passifs permettent le suivi de l'eau atmosphérique et de paramètres de surface importants pour les échanges surface-atmosphère (humidité des sols, vent à la surface océanique).  3, record 25, French, - param%C3%A8tre%20de%20surface

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

One end of the head [of the ice axe] is a blade or adze.... The other end is a sharp pick... "drooped"... with a sharp chisel point; particularly good for step-cutting in ice.... The pick's chisel point should be slanted...  2, record 26, English, - pick

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La tête du piolet comprend deux parties emmanchées par le milieu : la pointe en lame de couteau, crénelée de dents inversées pour s'ancrer dans la glace; la panne horizontale, aplatie en truelle, pour tailler des marches.  3, record 26, French, - pointe

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

As the ice cream is drawn with about half of its water frozen, particulate matter such as fruits, nuts, candy, cookies, or whatever you like, is added to the semi-frozen slurry which has a consistency similar to soft-serve ice cream. In fact, almost the only thing which differentiates hard frozen ice cream from soft-serve, is the fact that soft serve is drawn into cones at this point in the process rather than into packages for subsequent hardening.  4, record 27, English, - soft%2Dserve%20ice%20cream

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Soft serve ice cream: frozen dairy product mixes e.g. includes soft serve yogurt, milk shake mix.  2, record 27, English, - soft%2Dserve%20ice%20cream

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Crème glacée consommée directement au sortir d'un appareil congélateur, sans durcissement subséquent.  1, record 27, French, - cr%C3%A8me%20glac%C3%A9e%20molle

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

glace à l'italienne : Terme utilisé le plus souvent en Europe.  2, record 27, French, - cr%C3%A8me%20glac%C3%A9e%20molle

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

For a curling rock, to come to a point of complete stop after gliding on the ice following the path imparted by a curler's delivery.  2, record 28, English, - come%20to%20rest

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pour une pierre de curling, en venir à s'arrêter complètement après avoir suivi la trajectoire impartie par le lancer d'un curleur.  2, record 28, French, - s%27immobiliser

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Debris on the sheet, an irregular ice surface, or the grazing against another rock may cause a delivered rock to start rolling out of the path followed up to that point, gradually drifting away from the projected line or the intended path.  1, record 29, English, - deflect%20a%20rock

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Des débris sur la piste, une irrégularité dans la glace ou l'effleurement d'une pierre sur le jeu peuvent entraîner une pierre à s'écarter de la trajectoire impartie ou jusque là suivie, s'éloignant ensuite de la ligne souhaitée ou impartie au lancer.  2, record 29, French, - faire%20d%C3%A9vier%20une%20pierre%20de%20sa%20trajectoire

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

freeze drying : A method of drying materials, such as certain foods, that would be destroyed by the loss of volatile ingredients or by drying temperatures above the freezing point; the material is frozen under high vacuum so that ice or other frozen solvent will quickly sublime and a porous solid remain.  3, record 30, English, - freeze%20drier

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Equipement pour effectuer la lyophilisation.  1, record 30, French, - lyophilisateur

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

lyophilisation : Procédé de déshydratation d'une substance par congélation suivie de sublimation de la glace formée.  1, record 30, French, - lyophilisateur

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

"freezing point depression" : Temperature at which ice will form in solution of water and salt.  1, record 31, English, - freezing%20point%20depression

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 2 DEF

"freezing-point depression": The lowering of the freezing point of a solution compared to the pure solvent; the depression is proportional to the active mass of the solute in a given amount of solvent.  2, record 31, English, - freezing%20point%20depression

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

«cryoscopie» : Étude des lois de la congélation des solutions. La dissolution d'un corps dans un solvant abaisse en général la température de congélation de ce solvant. Par exemple, l'eau salée reste liquide, à la pression ordinaire à une température inférieure à 0 °C. [...] La mesure de l'abaissement cryoscopique permet donc la détermination des masses molaires des corps solubles dans des solvants connus.  1, record 31, French, - abaissement%20cryoscopique

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A short distance covered by a curler, from the hack, before releasing the rock’s handle.  1, record 32, English, - short%2Dslide%20delivery

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Distinguish from "short delivery" or "short slide" meaning that a rock glides shortly on the ice from the point of release to the point where it comes to a complete stop.  1, record 32, English, - short%2Dslide%20delivery

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Be the slide short or long and the delivery, made with weight or hold, the rock can nevertheless reach the target if the curler had imparted the necessary curl to do so.  1, record 32, English, - short%2Dslide%20delivery

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 3 OBS

delivery: The act, action or manner of putting a curling rock in motion by an appropriate swing and the necessary momentum, weight and turn to position it on the play, or put out or push elsewhere other rocks already laying on the sheet.  1, record 32, English, - short%2Dslide%20delivery

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Entre l'appui-pied et la ligne de jeu, court glissé du curleur ou de la curleuse, la pierre en main, avant d'en relâcher la poignée.  3, record 32, French, - courte%20glissade%20de%20lancer

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Distinguer la «courte glissade de lancer» ou «lancer court» du curleur, la pierre en main, et la «courte glissade» ou «lancer court» d'une pierre qui peut rouler brièvement sur la piste entre le lâcher et le point d'immobilisation complète.  3, record 32, French, - courte%20glissade%20de%20lancer

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Que la glissade soit courte ou longue et le lancer, fait avec force ou retenue, la pierre peut néanmoins atteindre l'objectif visé si le curleur lui a imputé l'effet nécessaire pour y arriver.  3, record 32, French, - courte%20glissade%20de%20lancer

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 3 OBS

lancer (nom) : Mise en mouvement d'une pierre en lui donnant, par l'élan adéquat, l'impulsion, la pesanteur et l'effet nécessaires pour qu'elle se positionne sur le jeu, ou déplace ou sorte du jeu d'autres pierres qui y sont déjà immobilisées.  3, record 32, French, - courte%20glissade%20de%20lancer

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The middle of the distance covered by the curler sliding on the ice with the rock to deliver it; the point where the curler usually releases the rock with the desired draw.  2, record 33, English, - mid%2Dpoint%20of%20the%20slide

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

slide (noun): The motion of a curler sliding away from the hack along the ice to deliver his or her rock. A curling rock glides on the ice, and a curler slides.  2, record 33, English, - mid%2Dpoint%20of%20the%20slide

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Le milieu de la distance couverte par un curleur ou une curleuse glissant sur la glace avec la pierre à lancer; point où, habituellement, il ou elle relâche la pierre avec l'effet désiré.  2, record 33, French, - mi%2Dglissade

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

glissade : Action d'un curleur ou d'une curleuse qui, au moment de lancer une pierre, glisse avec elle sur une certaine distance avant de la lâcher.  2, record 33, French, - mi%2Dglissade

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A long distance covered by a curler, from the hack to the hog line, before releasing the rock’s handle.  2, record 34, English, - long%2Dslide%20delivery

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Distinguish from "long delivery" meaning that a rock glides at length on the ice from the point of release to the point where it comes to a complete stop.  2, record 34, English, - long%2Dslide%20delivery

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Be the slide short or long and the delivery, made with weight or hold, the rock can nevertheless reach the target if the curler had imparted the necessary curl to do so.  2, record 34, English, - long%2Dslide%20delivery

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 3 OBS

delivery: The act, action or manner of putting a curling rock in motion by an appropriate swing and the necessary momentum, weight and turn to position it on the play, or put out or push elsewhere other rocks already laying on the sheet.  2, record 34, English, - long%2Dslide%20delivery

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Entre l'appui-pied et la ligne de jeu, glissé en longueur du curleur ou de la curleuse, la pierre en main, avant d'en relâcher la poignée.  2, record 34, French, - longue%20glissade%20de%20lancer

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Distinguer la «longue glissade de lancer» ou «long lancer» du curleur, la pierre en main, et la «longue glissade» ou «long lancer» d'une pierre qui peut rouler longuement sur la piste entre le lâcher et le point d'immobilisation complète.  2, record 34, French, - longue%20glissade%20de%20lancer

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Que la glissade soit courte ou longue et le lancer, fait avec force ou retenue, la pierre peut néanmoins atteindre l'objectif visé si le curleur lui a imputé l'effet nécessaire pour y arriver.  2, record 34, French, - longue%20glissade%20de%20lancer

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 3 OBS

lancer (nom) : Mise en mouvement d'une pierre en lui donnant, par l'élan adéquat, l'impulsion, la pesanteur et l'effet nécessaires pour qu'elle se positionne sur le jeu, ou déplace ou sorte du jeu d'autres pierres qui y sont déjà immobilisées.  2, record 34, French, - longue%20glissade%20de%20lancer

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The movement of a curler on the ice while delivering a rock, after releasing it and during the time it glides towards the target.  2, record 35, English, - forward%20slide

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The curler slides on the ice from the moment the rock being delivered touches the ice surface; he slides with it up to the release point, and behind it during the follow-through(of the delivering arm) and until it comes to a stop on the play, his low position allowing him to follow its path on the ice and see if he must deliver differently considering the ice conditions.  2, record 35, English, - forward%20slide

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The movement of the curler is called a "slide"; the movement of the rock, a "glide.".  2, record 35, English, - forward%20slide

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Déplacement du curleur sur la glace pendant le lancer d'une pierre; accompagnement de la pierre pendant le lâcher et durant sa glissade vers la cible.  2, record 35, French, - glissade%20avant

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le curleur glisse sur la glace à partir du moment où la pierre qu'il lance touche la surface glacée; il glisse avec elle jusqu'au lâcher, puis derrière elle pendant le dégagé (du bras de lancer) et jusqu'à ce qu'elle s'immobilise sur le jeu, sa position basse lui permettant de mieux l'accompagner des yeux et de saisir s'il doit modifier sa façon de lancer selon l'état de la glace.  2, record 35, French, - glissade%20avant

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The change of state from a solid to a liquid at the same temperature.  1, record 36, English, - fusion

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The heat of fusion is the number of gram calories of heat necessary to change one gram of a substance from the solid to the liquid state. It is the opposite of freezing.  1, record 36, English, - fusion

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Fusion is almost always understood to refer to ice melting, which generally takes place at the ice point of 0°C or 32°F.  3, record 36, English, - fusion

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Passage de l'état solide à l'état liquide. (Le phénomène inverse est la solidification ou congélation). La fusion franche des corps purs cristallisés a lieu à température et pression constantes.  2, record 36, French, - fusion

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

All clouds, from the puffy cumulus to the wispy cirrus, is a portion of air that has condensed into visible moisture. Cooling of such a portion of air to its dew point is by far the main reason for cloud formation. The main cause for the cooling lies in some process which causes air to rise or be forced upward. Large warm air masses may slide up the slope of a colder heavier mass of air. As the warmer air overrides the cooler, the warm air expands and is cooled itself by the expansion of air molecules, thus finally reaching a dew-point temperature resulting in widespread cloudiness. All clouds consist of minute water droplets, ice crystals, or a combination of both.  1, record 37, English, - cloud%20formation

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The term "cloud formation", in cloud physics, can also mean "a particular arrangement of cloud, a striking development of a cloud".  2, record 37, English, - cloud%20formation

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Notions sur la formation des nuages. S'il est suffisamment refroidi, l'air chargé de vapeur d'eau devient saturé; un refroidissement plus poussé peut en provoquer la condensation sur des corpuscules d'impuretés en suspension dans l'atmosphère (noyaux de condensation), entraînant ainsi la formation des gouttelettes d'eau qui constituent les nuages.  2, record 37, French, - formation%20des%20nuages

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ne pas confondre la «formation des nuages» avec la «formation nuageuse», deux notions qui incidemment se rendent par le même terme en anglais «cloud formation».  3, record 37, French, - formation%20des%20nuages

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Most modern crampons have points protruding out of the front of their frame. Front points allow you to face the ice and climb in a more natural position. [front point technique]  1, record 38, English, - front%20point

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 CONT

There are several front point configurations available on crampons. Double horizontal front points are the traditional style used for steep snow and ice climbing. Different manufacturers offer this type of crampon in a variety of point lengths. Double vertical front points are shaped like two miniature ice axe picks. They work very well on vertical water ice. Mono point crampons have one point that protrudes far out of the front and is backed up by two points that are shorter. The effect is a tripod arrangement which is good for a variety of conditions and works especially well for mixed climbing.  1, record 38, English, - front%20point

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Front-pointing is not to be confused with front points.] ... there are actually four points on each crampon involved in front-pointing ... the two forward-directed points parallel to the boot sole. [The front points] and the two frontmost points most nearly perpendicular to the boot sole ... are used in front-pointing.  2, record 38, English, - front%20point

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pointe projetée de l'orteil d'un crampon qu'on utilise dans la technique de pointes avant.  3, record 38, French, - pointe%20avant

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Il ne faut pas confondre les pointes avant et le cramponnage en pointes avant.] Le cramponnage en pointes avant [...] On se positionne alors face à la pente, en y faisant pénétrer les pointes avant (quatre en général) des crampons [...]  1, record 38, French, - pointe%20avant

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the bloom often occurs during the period of spring break up of ice, the most difficult time during the Arctic marine field season from a logistics point of view. The ice is often too weathered to be a safe study platform but may be sufficiently dense in some areas to inhibit navigation.  1, record 39, English, - marine%20field%20season

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A massive piece of sea ice composed of a hummock or a group of hummocks, frozen together and separated from any ice surroundings, and floating with its highest point up to 5 m above sea level.  2, record 41, English, - floeberg

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

L'accumulation de floes sous pression latérale produit des monticules, des masses isolées de glace de banc.  1, record 41, French, - floeberg

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish