TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Clandestine or illicit attempts to acquire economic intelligence.  3, record 1, English, - economic%20espionage

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Economic espionage involves the theft or illegal acquisition of valuable economic information, such as trade secrets, intellectual property, or corporate financial data. This form of espionage typically targets businesses and industries to gain a competitive advantage or disrupt markets.  4, record 1, English, - economic%20espionage

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

economic espionage: designation and definition officially approved by the Security Terminology Committee (STC).  5, record 1, English, - economic%20espionage

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Utilisation de moyens clandestins ou illicites pour acquérir des renseignements économiques.  2, record 1, French, - espionnage%20%C3%A9conomique

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Commet une infraction quiconque, frauduleusement et sans apparence de droit, sur l'ordre d'une entité économique étrangère, en collaboration avec elle ou pour son profit et au détriment des intérêts économiques canadiens, des relations internationales ou de la défense ou de la sécurité nationales : soit communique un secret industriel à une personne, à un groupe ou à une organisation; soit obtient, retient, modifie ou détruit un secret industriel.  3, record 1, French, - espionnage%20%C3%A9conomique

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

espionnage économique : désignation et définition uniformisés par le Comité de la terminologie de la sécurité (CTS).  4, record 1, French, - espionnage%20%C3%A9conomique

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The woolly mammoth is an extinct species found as a fossil in Canada and is traded internationally as an elephant ivory substitute. It was proposed for listing as a look-alike species to better address illegal trade in elephant ivory.  2, record 2, English, - look%2Dalike%20species

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cette annexe compte également des «espèces analogues», dont la morphologie ressemble beaucoup à celle d'espèces inscrites aux fins de conservation.  2, record 2, French, - esp%C3%A8ce%20analogue

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... the poaching or other taking of protected or managed species and the illegal trade [of] wildlife and their related parts and products...  2, record 3, English, - wildlife%20trafficking

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les réseaux sociaux constituent une véritable aubaine pour le trafic d'animaux sauvages, puisque les trafiquants y ont majoritairement migré au cours des dernières années.  4, record 3, French, - trafic%20d%27animaux%20sauvages

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El tráfico de especies silvestres, la pesca ilegal y el comercio ilícito de madera socavan el desarrollo sostenible, propician conflictos sociales por los escasos recursos naturales, degradan el ambiente y afectan con mayor proporción a las poblaciones vulnerables.  1, record 3, Spanish, - tr%C3%A1fico%20de%20especies%20silvestres

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The IPOA-IUU [International Plan of Action to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing] calls upon all States to develop additional internationally agreed market-related measures to prevent, deter and eliminate [illegal, unreported and unregulated] fishing. Such measures must be interpreted and applied in accordance with the principles, rights and obligations established by the [World Trade Organization] and implemented in a fair, transparent and non-discriminatory manner. The goal is to prevent international trade in fish and fish products harvested through [illegal, unreported and unregulated] fishing while not creating unncessary barriers to trade in other fish and fish products.  2, record 4, English, - internationally%20agreed%20market%2Drelated%20measure

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

These are tools designed to keep fish that have been harvested by IUU fishers from being sold or traded.  3, record 4, English, - internationally%20agreed%20market%2Drelated%20measure

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Mesures relatives au commerce internationalement convenues. […] Les États devraient prendre toutes les mesures nécessaires, conformément au droit international, pour empêcher que du poisson pêché par des navires s'adonnant à la pêche illicite, non déclarée et non réglementée fasse l'objet d'un commerce ou soit importé sur leur territoire. Les mesures relatives au commerce devraient être conformes au droit international, notamment aux principes, droits et obligations établis dans les Accords de [l'Organisation mondiale du commerce], et être appliquées de façon équitable, transparente et non discriminatoire.  2, record 4, French, - mesure%20relative%20au%20commerce%20internationalement%20convenue

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il s'agit de mesures visant à empêcher la vente ou le commerce du poisson récolté par des pêcheurs pratiquant une pêche illicite, non déclarée et non réglementée.  3, record 4, French, - mesure%20relative%20au%20commerce%20internationalement%20convenue

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 PHR

illegal wildlife trade  3, record 5, English, - wildlife%20trade

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 PHR

commerce illicite d'espèces sauvages  2, record 5, French, - commerce%20d%27esp%C3%A8ces%20sauvages

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A new field of chemistry known as Nuclear Forensics is emerging as a powerful weapon in the fight against the illegal trafficking and use of radioactive materials... An article in the September issue of Chemistry in Britain... describes the techniques chemists are using to help restrict smuggling and black market trade in radioactive material.  1, record 6, English, - nuclear%20forensics

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Techniques et moyens mis en œuvre par des chimistes, dans un cadre judiciaire, afin de freiner ou de contrecarrer le vol de matières radioactives éventuellement revendues sur le marché noir.  1, record 6, French, - analyse%20nucl%C3%A9o%2Dl%C3%A9gale

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Équivalent formulé par la Direction recherche et développement de Framatome, France.  1, record 6, French, - analyse%20nucl%C3%A9o%2Dl%C3%A9gale

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

commerce illégal : terme tiré du Mini-lexique sur l’environnement, surtout les aspects litigieux et reproduit avec l'autorisation du Centre de ressources en français juridique de l'Université de Saint-Boniface.  2, record 7, French, - commerce%20ill%C3%A9gal

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

commerce illégal sur internet : terme tiré du Mini-lexique sur l’environnement, surtout les aspects litigieux et reproduit avec l'autorisation du Centre de ressources en français juridique de l'Université de Saint-Boniface.  2, record 8, French, - commerce%20ill%C3%A9gal%20sur%20Internet

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A U. S. [United States] statute, adopted in 1996, which provides criminal penalties for the theft of trade secrets. The EEA [Economic Espionage Act] makes it illegal to steal or fraudulently obtain trade secrets for the benefit of a foreign government, instrumentality, or agent and steal trade secrets that benefit "anyone other than the owner. "  1, record 9, English, - Economic%20Espionage%20Act

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La traduction française «Loi contre l'espionnage économique» est fournie à titre de renseignement seulement.  3, record 9, French, - Economic%20Espionage%20Act

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Only certain drugs are banned with a "blanket prohibition" against all use. However, the prohibited drugs generally continue to be available through the illegal drug trade.  2, record 10, English, - blanket%20prohibition

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Parmi ces options, le livre vert considère qu'une «politique d'interdiction générale serait la plus bénéfique pour la santé publique».  2, record 10, French, - interdiction%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Money in the economy obtained through illegal means, such as money from the drug trade.  2, record 11, English, - black%20money

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The buying or selling of a security by insiders who possess material that is still not public.  1, record 12, English, - illegal%20insider%20trading

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Not all insider trading is illegal. Company executives frequently buy and sell stock in their own firms.... As long as they report their trades to regulations within 10 days of the trade and they’re not acting on information that has not been publicly disclosed, there's no problem.  5, record 12, English, - illegal%20insider%20trading

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Infraction que commet l'initié qui réalise une opération sur les titres de l'émetteur à l'égard duquel il possède des informations privilégiées et dont il tire profit avant que ces informations soient connues du public.  1, record 12, French, - d%C3%A9lit%20d%27initi%C3%A9

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Comparer avec «opération d'initié».  2, record 12, French, - d%C3%A9lit%20d%27initi%C3%A9

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Acto punible penalmente ejecutado por persona que por su profesión dispone de información reservada en los mercados financieros sobre una determinada sociedad cotizada o sobre las perspectivas a corto plazo de un valor o de un mercado y utiliza esa información reservada en beneficio propio o de terceros afines antes de que la conozca el gran público inversor.  1, record 12, Spanish, - delito%20de%20iniciados

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The removal of a matter from the Criminal Code; changing the law so that an act is no longer a crime.  2, record 13, English, - decriminalization

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Proponents of legalization or decriminalization claim that a distinction should be made between the public health problems caused by drug abuse and the violence and criminality that surround the drug trade simply because it is illegal.  3, record 13, English, - decriminalization

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Suppression du caractère pénal d'un acte illicite.  2, record 13, French, - d%C3%A9p%C3%A9nalisation

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Alors que, aux États-Unis et maintenant en Europe, un lobby -- ici informel -- en faveur de la dépénalisation, ou même de la légalisation des stupéfiants, se fait entendre de plus en plus bruyamment, les dirigeants français refusent d'entrer dans la ronde de l'argumentation.  3, record 13, French, - d%C3%A9p%C3%A9nalisation

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Sherman Antitrust Act(Sherman Act), July 2, 1890, ch. 647, 26 Stat. 209, 15 U. S. C. & I was the first United States Federal statute to limit cartels and monopolies. It falls under antitrust law. The Act provides :"Every contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, is declared to be illegal". The Act also provides :"Every person who shall monopolize, or attempt to monopolize, or combine or conspire with any other person or persons, to monopolize any part of the trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, shall be deemed guilty of a felony... "The Act put responsibility upon government attorneys and district courts to pursue and investigate trusts, companies and organizations suspected of violating the Act.  1, record 14, English, - Sherman%20Antitrust%20Act

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le Sherman Antitrust Act du 2 juillet 1890 est la première tentative du gouvernement américain de limiter les comportements anticoncurrentiels des entreprises : il signe ainsi la naissance du droit de la concurrence moderne. La loi américaine porte le nom du Sénateur John Sherman de l'Ohio qui s'éleva contre le pouvoir émergent de certaines entreprises constituées en quasi-monopoles : «Si nous refusons qu'un Roi gouverne notre pays, nous ne pouvons accepter qu'un Roi gouverne notre production, nos transports ou la vente de nos produits.». L'expression d'"anti-trust" vient du fait que la proposition de loi visait à contrer les agissements d'un groupe pétrolier, la Standard Oil, qui était constitué en "trust" et non sous la forme d'une société dont les droits étaient, à l'époque, limités. Ironiquement, lorsque la Standard Oil fut démantelée, elle avait pris déjà la forme d'une société et le Sherman Antitrust Act ne s'appliqua plus guère aux trusts.  1, record 14, French, - Sherman%20Antitrust%20Act

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La Ley Sherman Antitrust (en inglés, Sherman Antitrust Act), publicada el 2 de julio de 1890, fue la primera medida del Gobierno federal estadounidense para limitar los monopolios. El acta declaró ilegales los trust, por considerarlos restrictivos para el comercio internacional. Fue creada por el senador estadounidense John Sherman, de Ohio y aprobada por el presidente Benjamin Harrison.  1, record 14, Spanish, - Ley%20Sherman%20Antitrust

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The purchase and sale of company shares by persons who are in a position of authority and take advantage of their position for personal gain.  3, record 15, English, - insider%20trading

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Not all insider trading is illegal. Company executives frequently buy and sell stock in their own firms.... As long as they report their trades to regulators within 10 days of the trade and they’re not acting on information that has not been publicly disclosed, there's no problem.  4, record 15, English, - insider%20trading

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Vente ou achat de titres d'un émetteur, effectué par une personne qui est considérée comme un initié vis-à-vis de cet émetteur.  3, record 15, French, - op%C3%A9ration%20d%27initi%C3%A9

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Comparer avec «délit d'initié».  4, record 15, French, - op%C3%A9ration%20d%27initi%C3%A9

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Les équivalents français sont employés le plus souvent dans un sens collectif lorsqu'ils font référence aux dispositions légales et aux règles régissant les conflits d'intérêts.  5, record 15, French, - op%C3%A9ration%20d%27initi%C3%A9

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Comercio basado en información privilegiada o confidencial, especialmente operaciones bursátiles relacionadas con una posible OPA. Se puede hacer por los propios ejecutivos o a través de terceros que los usan como confidentes.  2, record 15, Spanish, - comercio%20de%20iniciado

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Aunque ilegal y muy castigado en Estados Unidos, el comercio de iniciado es todavía frecuente en España.  2, record 15, Spanish, - comercio%20de%20iniciado

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

comercio de iniciado: término y definición extraídos del CAPITAL Business Dictionary con la autorización de LID Editorial Empresarial.  3, record 15, Spanish, - comercio%20de%20iniciado

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Council and the European Parliament welcomed the Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament on an EU Action Plan for Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade(FLEGT) as a first step towards tackling the urgent issue of illegal logging and associated trade.  1, record 16, English, - EU%20Action%20Plan%20for%20Forest%20Law%20Enforcement%20Governance%20and%20Trade

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le Conseil et le Parlement européen ont accueilli favorablement la communication de la Commission à leur intention, relative à un Plan d'action de l'Union européenne relatif à l'application des réglementations forestières, à la gouvernance et aux échanges commerciaux (FLEGT), qui constitue une première étape dans la lutte contre le problème urgent de l'exploitation illégale des forêts et du commerce qui y est associé.  1, record 16, French, - Plan%20d%27action%20de%20l%27Union%20europ%C3%A9enne%20relatif%20%C3%A0%20l%27application%20des%20r%C3%A9glementations%20foresti%C3%A8res%2C%20gouvernance%20et%20%C3%A9changes%20commerciaux

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Coalition Against Wildlife Trafficking(CAWT) aims to focus public and political attention and resources on ending the illegal trade in wildlife and wildlife products.  1, record 17, English, - Coalition%20Against%20Wildlife%20Trafficking

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... a group of individuals with an identified hierarchy, or comparable structure, engaged in significant criminal activity.  2, record 18, English, - criminal%20enterprise

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A criminal enterprise exists where a group provides an illegal good or service on an on-going basis. Groups involved in the drug trade come first to mind but the group must be seen to include not only those who actually see to the delivery and distribution of the drugs but also the lawyers and accountants who, for example, provide money laundering or tax evasion advice and other illegal services.  3, record 18, English, - criminal%20enterprise

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Criminal enterprises] often engage in multiple criminal activities and have extensive supporting networks.  2, record 18, English, - criminal%20enterprise

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Des entreprises criminelles et des réseaux criminels plus ou moins organisés commettent des vols d'identité au Canada et aux É.-U. Ces groupes pourraient utiliser les produits tirés du vol, de la vente ou de la manipulation de renseignements de nature délicate pour financer d'autres visées criminelles et acquérir ainsi une capacité de nuire considérablement aux gouvernements, aux citoyens, aux entreprises et aux intérêts du Canada et des É.-U.  2, record 18, French, - entreprise%20criminelle

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[The] unauthorized use of copyrighted motion pictures on the Internet.  2, record 19, English, - online%20motion%20picture%20piracy

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It is illegal to sell, trade, lease, distribute, upload for transmission, transmit or publicly perform motion pictures online without the consent of the motion pictures’ copyright owner.  2, record 19, English, - online%20motion%20picture%20piracy

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

This information is stated by the Motion Picture Association of America.  3, record 19, English, - online%20motion%20picture%20piracy

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Utilisation non autorisée sur Internet de films protégés par le droit d'auteur.  2, record 19, French, - piraterie%20de%20films%20en%20ligne

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il est illégal de vendre, d'échanger, de louer, de distribuer, de télécharger pour transmission sur un réseau de communications, ou de diffuser en public des films en ligne sans le consentement du détenteur du droit d'auteur.  2, record 19, French, - piraterie%20de%20films%20en%20ligne

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

All contracts restraining trade are illegal unless approved by the courts and found to be reasonable or against the public interest. It can be found for example in an employer-employee relationship where as a condition of employment the employee agrees not to set up in competition with his employer for some time in the future. This could be enforced if it is necessary to protect any knowledge gained in the service of the employer, but it is not intended to reduce or eliminate normal competitive business. It may also occur when the seller of a business agrees not to set up in competition with the buyer of the business. [Klein, Gerald. Dictionary of Banking. Pitman Publishing, 1995].  4, record 20, English, - restraint%20of%20trade

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In condemning these flagrant monopolies, the Supreme Court enunciated the "rule of reason" : Only unreasonable restraints of trade(agreements, mergers, predation, and the like) were to come within the scope of the Sherman Act and to be considered illegal.  2, record 21, English, - rule%20of%20reason

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A better system of shipment inspection must also be put in place in order to facilitate cross-border trade. Canadian customs is looking into developing a customs self-assessment regime for low-risk, high-volume importers of goods from the United States. Exporters can file monthly reports with the Canadian government for all transactions. This would enable Canadian customs inspectors to concentrate their efforts on preventing the shipment of illegal goods, drugs and other security threats.  2, record 22, English, - customs%20self%2Dassessment%20regime

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Autocotisation des douanes. Le plan d'action offre aux importateurs commerciaux une façon plus rapide (et, selon l'ADRC, plus fiable) de faire passer la frontière canadienne aux marchandises et permet à l'ADRC de concentrer ses ressources sur les expéditions à " risque élevé ou inconnu " en envoyant l'avis de main-levée des expéditions à " faible risque " à la frontière lorsque les importateurs à faible risque s'identifient eux-mêmes. L'application du plan d'action repose sur l'établissement de profils des clients, la vérification et les contrôles au hasard à la frontière. Les importateurs utiliseront leurs propres livres et registres pour rendre compte à l'ADRC des marchandises importées, et non pas de formulaires remplis exclusivement aux fins de l'ADRC. Grâce au plan d'action, l'ADRC passe d'une politique d'évaluation individuelle des opérations à un système d'autocotisation après le fait et à un système d'observation volontaire.  2, record 22, French, - r%C3%A9gime%20d%27autocotisation%20des%20douanes

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the SIDS [Small Island Developing States] have concluded that among the threats to their security are illicit drug trafficking, the illegal trade in arms, increasing levels of crime and corruption, environmental vulnerability exacerbated by susceptibility to natural disasters and the transportation of nuclear waste...  2, record 23, English, - environmental%20vulnerability

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Adopted: September 8, 1994.  1, record 24, English, - Lusaka%20Agreement%20on%20Co%2Doperative%20Enforcement%20Operations%20Directed%20at%20the%20Illegal%20Trade%20in%20Wild%20Fauna%20and%20Flora

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Customs Fraud. Switzerland has variously been portrayed as a financial and organisational hub for the illegal trade of cigarettes... It is not true that sums amounting to billions of Swiss francs flow into Switzerland, nor is it true that up until now Switzerland has provided no, or inadequate, mutual assistance.  1, record 26, English, - customs%20fraud

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fraude douanière. La Suisse a été présentée comme une plaque tournante de commerce illégal de cigarettes, tant du point de vue des finances que de l'organisation [...] Il est faux de dire que « des montants se chiffrant en milliards » traversent la Suisse, tout comme il est faux d'affirmer que celle-ci n'accorde pas suffisamment d'entraide judiciaire, voire aucune.  1, record 26, French, - fraude%20douani%C3%A8re

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The return of a portion of the freight charges by a carrier or a conference shipper in exchange for the shipper giving all or most of his shipments to the carrier or conference over a specified period of time(usually 6 months). Payment of the rate is deferred for a further similar period, during which the shipper must continue to give all or most of his shipments to the rebating carrier or conference. The shipper thus earns a further rebate which will not, however, be paid without an additional period of exclusive or almost exclusive patronage with the carrier of conference. In this way, the shipper becomes tied to the rebating carrier or conference. Although, the deferred rebate system is illegal in U. S. foreign commerce, it generally is accepted in the ocean trade between foreign countries.  2, record 27, English, - deferred%20rebate

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Proponents of fair trade are concerned that proposed WTO [World Trade Organization] trade regulations may identify fair trade labeling as an illegal barrier to trade.  1, record 28, English, - fair%20trade%20labeling

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les tenants du commerce équitable se demandent si dans le cadre de sa réglementation stricte du commerce, l'OMC [Organisation mondiale du commerce] ne verrait pas dans le label de commerce équitable une entrave au commerce.  1, record 28, French, - label%20de%20commerce%20%C3%A9quitable

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El costo del sistema [de comercio justo] está incluido en el precio al detal, de esta manera el etiquetado del comercio justo es sustentable.  1, record 28, Spanish, - etiquetado%20del%20comercio%20justo

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[An agreement] ... made between two or more companies or organizations producing and/or marketing similar products. They agree that each shall deal only with a particular part of the available market rather than competing with each other in the market as a whole.  1, record 29, English, - market%20sharing%20agreement

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In many countries such agreements are illegal on the grounds that they limit consumer choice and are an unwarranted restraint of trade.  1, record 29, English, - market%20sharing%20agreement

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un accord de répartition du marché a un objet anticoncurrentiel.  1, record 29, French, - accord%20de%20r%C3%A9partition%20du%20march%C3%A9

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Source : Revue de la Consommation et de la Concurrence, 44 07-08. 88 p. 34.  1, record 29, French, - accord%20de%20r%C3%A9partition%20du%20march%C3%A9

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

For instance, the illegal sale of bear gall bladders at a Chinatown herbalist's shop in Ottawa, culminating in the seizure of 20 galls. The international trade in animal parts including sharkfins, bear galls and paws, tiger penises and rhino horns is worth some $6 billion U. S. annually.  1, record 30, English, - endangered%20animal%20parts%20trade

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Deferred rebate : The return of a portion of the freight charges by a carrier or a conference shipper in exchange for the shipper giving all or most of his shipments to the carrier or conference over a specified period of time(usually 6 months). Payment of the rate is deferred for a further similar period, during which the shipper must continue to give all or most of his shipments to the rebating carrier or conference. The shipper thus earns a further rebate which will not, however, be paid without an additional period of exclusive or almost exclusive patronage with the carrier of conference. In this way, the shipper becomes tied to the rebating carrier or conference. Although, the deferred rebate system is illegal in U. S. foreign commerce, it generally is accepted in the ocean trade between foreign countries.  1, record 31, English, - deferred%20rebate%20system

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Source(s) : Pêches - avril 1995.  1, record 32, French, - commerce%20du%20saumon%20captur%C3%A9%20ill%C3%A9galement

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Bill C-221  1, record 33, English, - An%20Act%20to%20amend%20the%20Competition%20Act%28illegal%20trade%20practices%29

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Projet de loi C-221  1, record 33, French, - Loi%20modifiant%20la%20Loi%20sur%20la%20concurrence%20%28pratiques%20commerciales%20ill%C3%A9gales%29

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Legal or officially sanctioned trade in ration coupons, etc., to discourage illegal transactions or the emergence of a black market.  1, record 34, English, - white%20market

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This is a revival in 1972, of a term used in the 1940’s in the sense of the legal market in currencies existing at that time in Europe.  1, record 34, English, - white%20market

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

These are not narco-dollars, earnings from the illegal drug trade, but rather dollars earned by pharmaceutical companies.  1, record 35, English, - pharmaco%2Ddollar

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In 1890 the Sherman Antitrust Act made monopolistic restraints of trade illegal.  1, record 36, English, - monopolistic%20restraint%20of%20trade

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish