TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Vector quantization is a generalization of the scalar quantization method... It is used for both image and audio compression. In practice, vector quantization is commonly used to compress data that has been digitized from an analog source, such as audio samples and scanned images.  5, record 1, English, - vector%20quantization

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technique de quantification souvent utilisée dans la compression de données avec pertes de données [...] pour laquelle l'idée de base est de coder ou de remplacer par une clé des valeurs d'un espace vectoriel multidimensionnel vers des valeurs d'un sous-espace discret de plus petite dimension.  3, record 1, French, - quantification%20vectorielle

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pertains to compression techniques in which the displayed and decompressed image does not contain all the original digitized data.  2, record 2, English, - lossy

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Information Technology Vocabulary, extract of ISO/IEC 10918-1 (F/E).  3, record 2, English, - lossy

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The term refers to the fact that a particular compression system "throws away" some of the data being compressed.  4, record 2, English, - lossy

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Terme descriptif des processus de codage et de décodage qui ne sont pas sans perte.  1, record 2, French, - avec%20perte

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Vocabulaire des technologies de l'information, extrait de l'ISO/CEI 10918-1 (F/E). Voir aussi la fiche «perte de qualité».  2, record 2, French, - avec%20perte

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Lossy [compression] : Pertains to compression techniques in which the display and decompressed image does not contain all the original digitized data.  2, record 3, English, - loss%20of%20quality

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Présence de défauts ou imperfections d'une image vidéo en raison d'un rapport trop élevé de compression des données.  2, record 3, French, - perte%20de%20qualit%C3%A9

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An image file data compression, like a JPEG file, which results in pixel loss.  2, record 4, English, - destructive%20compression

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

JPEG file format: a [popular] compressed [image] format, with some loss of quality during compression.  3, record 4, English, - destructive%20compression

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Compression d'un fichier image, tel que le PJEG, qui entraîne une perte de pixels.  2, record 4, French, - compression%20destructrice

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fichier JPEG : fichier d'images comprimées très populaire dont la compression occasionne une perte de qualité.  2, record 4, French, - compression%20destructrice

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Wireless Digital Video. From a computer-engineering standpoint, this research combines elements of image processing, data compression, and networking theory into the development of a robust system capable of transporting video-like image sequences over relatively low speed links that are susceptible to interference.  2, record 5, English, - wireless%20digital%20video

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Aux laboratoires de Bell, les chercheurs en radio-vidéo numérique utilisent de nouvelles techniques de traitement du signal pour corriger les aléas de la radiotransmission et les effets de la compression sur la qualité des images.  1, record 5, French, - radio%2Dvid%C3%A9o%20num%C3%A9rique

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

You must decide whether you wish to store the image using data compression technique or full data image.  1, record 6, English, - data%20compression%20technique

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A method of redundancy reduction(data compression) used by digital facsimile transmitters to enhance speed. When image patterns of an original are converted into digital signals, all black and white areas on a page are reported as a series of ones(black) and zeros(white). The number of white spaces between black elements(number of zeros between ones) is assigned a number, or run-length code.  1, record 7, English, - run%2Dlength%20code

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Voir codage par longueur de plage.  1, record 7, French, - code%20par%20longueur%20de%20plage

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The process of reducing the amount of image data processed, transmitted or stored.  3, record 8, English, - image%20compression

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 DEF

Permits the storage of a larger number of visual images in a computer memory or the transmission of images with a reduced flow of data.  4, record 8, English, - image%20compression

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technique qui consiste à éliminer, dans des images numérisées, les informations superflues ou redondantes, ou, dans le cas d'images animées, toutes les informations qui n'ont pas varié par rapport à l'image précédente, de manière à pouvoir stocker ces images et à les transmettre plus aisément.  6, record 8, French, - compression%20image

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La compression d'images consiste à travailler sur des images numérisées, et, au moyen de techniques de codage, à supprimer tous les octets superflus pour parvenir à faire passer l'image sur un réseau de transmission normal.  7, record 8, French, - compression%20image

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Although real motion video is the holy grail of multimedia, it still is impractical using today's technology. The current method for working with video is by capturing and converting the analog signal from a video source and either manipulating the image's data(which is written to video tape) or compressing the data using compression techniques(either software-only compression or a combination of hardware and software compression). To display or capture a single screen of an NTSC signal, you must have a video frame grabber. These are lowest on the rungs of the video ladder, in that they have less capability than boards that capture streaming video. These cards enable you to grab a single frame of video from a Laser Disk or a VCR. Video frame grabbers come in two varieties : single-frame capture and real-time capture. Single-frame capture boards enable you to freeze a selected frame and record it to your hard disk. In this function, single-frame boards are similar to scanners-they provide a means of capturing an image and saving it for use in a multimedia title.  1, record 9, English, - single%2Dframe%20capture%20frame%20grabber

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Although real motion video is the holy grail of multimedia, it still is impractical using today's technology. The current method for working with video is by capturing and converting the analog signal from a video source and either manipulating the image's data(which is written to video tape) or compressing the data using compression techniques(either software-only compression or a combination of hardware and software compression). To display or capture a single screen of an NTSC signal, you must have a video frame grabber. These are lowest on the rungs of the video ladder, in that they have less capability than boards that capture streaming video. These cards enable you to grab a single frame of video from a Laser Disk or a VCR. Video frame grabbers come in two varieties : single-frame capture and real-time capture. Single-frame capture boards enable you to freeze a selected frame and record it to your hard disk. In this function, single-frame boards are similar to scanners-they provide a means of capturing an image and saving it for use in a multimedia title.... Real-time frame grabbers capture full-motion video at a rate between 15 and 30 frames-per-second using video compression....  1, record 10, English, - real%2Dtime%20capture%20frame%20grabber

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] vidéo en temps réel [...] cette technique traite exclusivement les images individuelles et non les séquences.  2, record 10, French, - carte%20d%27acquisition%20vid%C3%A9o%20en%20temps%20r%C3%A9el

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Video compression ratios available from various vendors of full-motion video boards range up to 160 : 1 and perform adequately on standalone multimedia desktop platforms transmitting image data from CD-ROM or videodisk peripherals. However, these compression ratios will not be sufficient for effective transmission of complex videos and renderings that are being produced by engineering designers or even simpler videos in highly interactive multiuser networked environments. The solution, however, is already on the horizon in the form of fractional dimensional compression techniques(fractals) that can reach astonishing compression ratios of 10, 000 : 1. This is possible because fractals, despite their apparent complexity, have a very low information content and can be specified as relatively simple expressions. Fractal compression is obtained via mathematical functions that describe a sequence of transformations of an image and when applied repeatedly, converge on a unique fractal. Fractal compression algorithms can be incorporated in software or VLSI microchips and, if applied to a typical CD-ROM disk, should provide nearly seven hours of full-motion.  2, record 11, English, - fractal%20compression

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le principe de la compression fractale réside dans la recherche de formes ou de motifs répétitifs dans une image, et dans le codage mathématique sous forme d'équations de ces motifs. Il est également possible de définir et d'exploiter des bibliothèques de motifs, afin d'améliorer la compression sur des séries d'images identiques.  1, record 11, French, - compression%20fractale

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the Mac, through QuickTime, shrinks the video image to a small size(160 X 120 pixels) to reduce the amount of video data required for each frame of video.... QuickTime also provides users with a variety of compressors for specific types of files-still images, video, animation, and so on. These compressors allow you to reduce your QuickTime clips’ file size, which can get enormous(the average uncompressed file size of our 30-second test clip was 16 megabytes). The compressors employ spatial compression to reduce the file size of each individual frame and temporal compression to reduce the amount of data repeated across a group of frames.  1, record 12, English, - spatial%20compression

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Voir aussi le terme «compresseur d'images» dans la banque Termium.  1, record 12, French, - compression%20spatiale

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fractal Image Compression is about the mathematical ideas that lie behind the photographs and other pictures on Encarta. They are all fractals! They are stored as highly compressed data files produced using fractal image compression. Fractal image compression involves three basic mathematical modeling problems. The required models are [:] a mathematical model for real world image, a model for approximating model images by means of resolution independent image approximants, which must be described by finite data strings, and a computationally tractable model for the sources of the data strings, to enable the application of information theory to provide efficient representation of the image approximants.  2, record 13, English, - fractal%20image%20compression

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Suppression automatique de tous les octets superflus dans une image numérisée, à l'aide d'algorithmes fractals qui combinent la théorie de l'information et la perception visuelle pour décrire des formes compliquées au moyen de formules très simples. Le stockage de ces formules permet la reconstruction par itération des images de départ.  1, record 13, French, - compression%20fractale%20d%27images

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les images codées en formules fractales ont un taux de compression de 70:1 et sont reconstruites sans aucune détérioration. Or, au-delà d'un taux de l0:1, les techniques habituelles risquent fort de nuire à la reconstruction de l'image. Technique déjà appliquée avec succès à la compression d'images sismiques en utilisant un algorithme fractal inspiré de la courbe de Peano. Voir les travaux récents de M. Barnsley.  1, record 13, French, - compression%20fractale%20d%27images

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 PHR

compression fractale automatique, manuelle.  1, record 13, French, - compression%20fractale%20d%27images

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 PHR

compression fractale à échelle de gris.  1, record 13, French, - compression%20fractale%20d%27images

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish