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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The achromatic refractor telescope has two... lens elements called crown and flint that refract or bend the light converging its rays to project an image at a focal plane, enlarging or magnifying any object's size visually...  2, record 1, English, - achromatic%20refractor

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La lunette achromatique est constituée de deux lentilles, une concave et une biconvexe. L'objectif de ces deux lentilles est d'améliorer au mieux la planéité de champ et le chromatisme.  4, record 1, French, - lunette%20achromatique

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In essence, [optical coherence tomography(OCT) ] provides a multifrequency hologram and the refocusing method may be applied frequency-by-frequency to effectively move the focal plane even to planes outside the Rayleigh range. However, the image in the plane of the original focus is then out of focus.  2, record 2, English, - multifrequency%20hologram

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

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In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane.  2, record 3, English, - projector%20aperture

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

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L'ouverture d'un objectif photographique est le réglage qui permet d'ajuster le diamètre d'ouverture du diaphragme.  2, record 3, French, - ouverture%20du%20projecteur

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

According to the company [Hughes Aircraft], the terminal homing seeker system could also be used on larger missiles. The new sensor is called a mosaic infra-red focal-plane array because of its large number of sensor elements and its location at the focal plane of the optical system where the thermal image is focused. Unlike conventional IR seekers, which mechanically scan a scene through an arrangement of oscillating or rotating mirrors, the focal plane array electronically observes the entire scene in its view all the time. Thus it is referred to as a 'staring’ array, as opposed to the 'scanning’ of the mechanical technique.  1, record 4, English, - mosaic%20infra%2Dred%20focal%2Dplane%20array

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ce type de capteur est appelé «réseau IR mosaïque de plan focal» en raison du grand nombre de ses composants et de sa position dans le plan focal du bloc optique de l'autodirecteur. Contrairement aux capteurs classiques, il ne possède pas de système mécanique de balayage. Il fonctionne à la façon des cellules de l'œil, observant en permanence l'ensemble de la scène.  1, record 4, French, - r%C3%A9seau%20IR%20mosa%C3%AFque%20de%20plan%20focal

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Confocal microscopy. Unlike "normal" microscopy, only a spot of a minimum size in the specimen is illuminated in confocal microscopy. To enable an image to be formed from this, the specimen must be scanned. The image of the spot is directed through a pinhole stop in an intermediate image plane. As a result, only light from the focal plane can reach the detector(a photomultiplier). All other(out-of-focus) planes are blocked out. This results in an "optical section". The images are stored electronically and displayed on a monitor. A series of optical sections can be recorded by moving a motor a slight distance along the z-axis each time an image has been recorded, after which the next image is then also recorded. Such a z-series permits the electronic reconstruction of the three-dimensional structure using suitable computer programs. The procedure, which is restricted to incident-light techniques, has completely revolutionized fluorescence microscopy in biology in particular.  2, record 5, English, - confocal%20microscopy

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

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La technique de microscopie confocale mise au point [...] pour l'imagerie cutanée in vivo est issue d'une adaptation du Tandem Scanning Microscope (TSM), un microscope à balayage optique en temps réel. Le principe confocal utilise la lumière blanche en mode réflexion et un disque rotatif pour donner une image nette dans la profondeur d'un tissu, en éliminant de l'image toutes les informations situées au-dessus et en dessous du plan focal.  2, record 5, French, - microscopie%20confocale

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Un des aspects les plus intéressants de la microscopie confocale, outre son caractère non destructif, est sa rapidité de mise en œuvre; elle comble un fossé important entre la microscopie optique conventionnelle et la microscopie électronique. La localisation de molécules spécifiques, dans le contexte cellulaire, apporte d'importantes contributions à l'étude fonctionnelle des systèmes biologiques à différents niveaux d'organisation : subcellulaire, cellulaire, tissulaire ou organisme entier. L'utilisation de traceurs fluorescents très spécifiques permet de localiser in situ avec une résolution spatiale de l'ordre de 400 - 500 nanomètres, des composants macro-moléculaires tels que acides nucléiques et protéines, mais aussi de petites molécules telles que des peptides, lipides et même des ions.  2, record 5, French, - microscopie%20confocale

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La microscopie confocale permet la localisation in situ d'une sonde fluorescente dans des cellules d'un spécimen d'une épaisseur de 10 mm à 50 mm selon certains auteurs (5 mm à 30 mm plus raisonnablement), sans sectionnement mécanique préalable. Son concurrent est le laser krypton (longueur d'onde) qui permet une excitation des fluorochromes situés dans le Vert (Texas-Red, Cyanin Blue).  3, record 5, French, - microscopie%20confocale

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Record 6,  Textual support,  English

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The image of the telescope is projected onto a microlens array. In each microlens("lenslet") focus an image of the pupil appears. The foci of the lenslets are in the focal plane of the spectrograph collimator.  1, record 6, English, - lenslet

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Lenslet-based.  2, record 6, English, - lenslet

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

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À base de microlentilles.  2, record 6, French, - microlentille

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

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a plane, perpendicular to the optical axis, passing through the secondary focal point of an optical system.  1, record 7, English, - secondary%20focal%20plane

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Plan perpendiculaire à l'axe optique d'un objectif et passant par le foyer principal de cet objectif.  2, record 7, French, - plan%20focal%20image

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Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An eyepiece fitted with a filar micrometer the lines of which are in the focal plane of the eyepiece and so coincide with the objective image when the microscope or telescope is in focus.  4, record 8, English, - micrometer%20eyepiece

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

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Le terme «oculaire» est un générique, mais il peut être utilisé quand le contexte est suffisamment clair, comme l'illustre l'exemple donné dans le contexte qui suit.  1, record 8, French, - oculaire%20microm%C3%A9trique

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le micromètre de microscope micrométrique comporte un cadre muni de traits très fins ou de fils d'araignée tendus, entraîné par la vis et placé dans le plan où se forme l'image donnée par l'objectif; les traits ou les fils sont observés à l'aide de l'oculaire, en même temps que cette image.  3, record 8, French, - oculaire%20microm%C3%A9trique

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Voir aussi «microscope micrométrique».  1, record 8, French, - oculaire%20microm%C3%A9trique

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Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Solar collector which concentrates sunlight onto a relatively small absorber without bringing the solar radiation to a sharp point or line focus.  3, record 9, English, - non%2Dimaging%20concentrator

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Imaging and nonimaging concentrators. If the solar cell is placed in the focal plane of a lens(or a reflector)..., the concentrator is said to be an imaging concentrator, as the sun's image is formed on the cell surface. Figure 5. 1b shows a concentrator that does not form an image of the sun. Such concentrators are called nonimaging...  4, record 9, English, - non%2Dimaging%20concentrator

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The distinctions between imaging and nonimaging concentrators are often vague because many "imaging" concentrators are of such poor optical quality that they don’t form any clear images and the solar cell may be placed away from the "focal plane".  4, record 9, English, - non%2Dimaging%20concentrator

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Concentration du rayonnement solaire. On contribue à réduire le coût de l'énergie électrique produite par le système photovoltaïque, en dirigeant une lumière concentrée sur les photopiles. [...] Lorsque l'image du Soleil se forme directement sur les photopiles, le concentrateur est à image («imaging concentrator» - «non-imaging concentrator» : s'il fonctionne par réflexion).  1, record 9, French, - concentrateur%20par%20r%C3%A9flexion

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

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A sensor made up of a linear detector array of CCDs (Charge Coupled Devices) that obtains data in the platform’s direction of motion (azimuth or along-track dimension).  2, record 10, English, - along%2Dtrack%20scanner

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Along-track scanners also use the forward motion of the platform to record successive scan lines and build up a two-dimensional image, perpendicular to the flight direction. However, instead of a scanning mirror, they use a linear array of detectors located at the focal plane of the image formed by lens systems, which are "pushed" along in the flight track direction(i. e. along track). These systems are also referred to as pushbroom scanners, as the motion of the detector array is analogous to the bristles of a broom being pushed along a floor.  3, record 10, English, - along%2Dtrack%20scanner

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The sensor’s instantaneous field of view extends the length of the swath width.  2, record 10, English, - along%2Dtrack%20scanner

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along-track scanner; pushbroom scanner: terms officially approved by the RADARSAT-2 Terminology Approval Group (RTAG).  4, record 10, English, - along%2Dtrack%20scanner

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Capteur constitué d'une barrette de DTC (dispositifs à transfert de charge) qui collecte des données dans le sens de l'orbite de la plate-forme (en azimut ou en trajectoire longitudinale).  2, record 10, French, - dispositif%20de%20balayage%20longitudinal

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Principe de fonctionnement d'un système à barrette de détecteurs. [...] Le balayage est donc longitudinal à la manière d'un balai poussé devant soi, d'où l'expression «push broom» employée par certains auteurs. Comme les détecteurs sont tous de la même dimension et disposés parallèlement au sol, les tachèles sur le terrain sont également identiques s'il n'y a pas de distorsions optiques dans l'objectif.  3, record 10, French, - dispositif%20de%20balayage%20longitudinal

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le balayage perpendiculaire à la trajectoire ratisse la Terre en une série de lignes. Le balayage s'effectue d'un côté du capteur à l'autre, en utilisant un miroir rotatif. La radiation atteignant le capteur est divisée en plusieurs composantes spectrales qui sont détectées séparément. L'UV, le visible, le proche infrarouge et l'infrarouge sont séparés selon leurs longueurs d'onde. Un ensemble de détecteurs internes, sensibles à chacune des bandes spectrales, mesurent et enregistrent l'énergie en convertissant le signal électrique produit par les détecteurs en données numériques.  4, record 10, French, - dispositif%20de%20balayage%20longitudinal

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 3 OBS

dispositif de balayage longitudinal : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de RADARSAT-2 (GTTR).  1, record 10, French, - dispositif%20de%20balayage%20longitudinal

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A shift of the position of a remotely sensed object in the image plane(focal plane), due to the local elevation of the object [;] this shift depends on the specific imaging properties of the sensor system concerned.  4, record 11, English, - relief%20displacement

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relief displacement: term officially approved by the RADARSAT-2 Terminology Approval Group (RTAG).  4, record 11, English, - relief%20displacement

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Déplacement des images d'une photo dû aux différences de niveau (dénivelée) au sol.  2, record 11, French, - d%C3%A9formation%20de%20d%C3%A9nivel%C3%A9e

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

déformation de dénivelée : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de RADARSAT-2 (GTTR).  3, record 11, French, - d%C3%A9formation%20de%20d%C3%A9nivel%C3%A9e

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A shutter used at the back of a camera lens consisting of overlapping slats as in a venetian blind.  2, record 12, English, - louver%20shutter

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The slats open outwards through a right angle and then close. Used in some aircraft cameras because no image distortion occurs at high aircraft speeds as would be the case with a focal plane shutter. Maximum speed is about I/300 second.  2, record 12, English, - louver%20shutter

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Obturateur constitué par une série de minces bandes métalliques parallèles se recouvrant par leurs bords lorsque l'obturateur est fermé.  1, record 12, French, - obturateur%20%C3%A0%20persiennes

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

À l'ouverture de celui-ci, les bandes pivotent sur leurs axes de 90° environ : elles sont alors parallèles entre elles et à l'axe optique.  1, record 12, French, - obturateur%20%C3%A0%20persiennes

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

From biology to silicon : An analog bio-inspired retina for an adaptive vision smart sensor. An image processing systems, the vision sensor is a phototransduction component. Its aim is to convert incident light into an electrical signal. Today, the development in microelectronic technology allows to integrate few transistors around the photosensitive element. This is the basic structure of the smart vision sensor which includes phototransduction and image processing in the focal plane array.  1, record 13, English, - bio%2Dinspired

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

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Se dit d'un dispositif informatique calqué sur l'architecture neuronale du vivant.  3, record 13, French, - bio%2Dinspir%C3%A9

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Les dispositifs bio-inspirés - d'autres diraient neuromimétiques - sont d'une application industrielle particulièrement dans les applications non calculatives, de perception et d'action.  2, record 13, French, - bio%2Dinspir%C3%A9

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A diffraction-limited optical telescope of 0. 5 m diameter aperture to image the photosphere and chromosphere(to be provided by Japan) with focal plane instruments to record vector magnetograms, Dopplergrams, and filtergrams.  2, record 14, English, - focal%2Dplane%20instrument

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Figure 1... shows the principle of laminography, a synchronized motion between an X-ray source and a detector generating an geometric focus plane and forms an X-ray slice image of that. Objects in the focal plane are always projected at the same position of the detector. On the other hand, those that are not in the focal plane are projected to other positions of the detector and thus are blurred as the source and detector move in a complete circle. Thus the "noise" from the materials above and below the focal plane is eliminated when all the images on the detectors are overlapped.  2, record 15, English, - laminography

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 PHR

X-ray laminography.  3, record 15, English, - laminography

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technique d'imagerie consistant à obtenir l'image d'un plan privilégié à l'intérieur d'un objet à partir de plusieurs images radiographiques prises sous des angles différents.  2, record 15, French, - laminographie

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La laminographie est un cas particulier de la tomosynthèse dans lequel la source de rayons X, au lieu de se déplacer autour de l'objet, se déplace dans un plan parallèle au plan que l'on veut examiner. Comme la tomosynthèse, c'est une méthode de contrôle non destructif moins coûteuse que la tomographie tridimensionnelle classique.  2, record 15, French, - laminographie

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Station de laminographie.  3, record 15, French, - laminographie

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

One of the most important new designs in the field of laser scanning microscopy is Bio-Rad's new multiphoton microscope. The primary benefit of multiphoton or two-photon microscopy is that it can penetrate much deeper into tissue samples, permitting an unobstructed view of cells such as neurons. The way it accomplishes this feat involves an unusual characteristic of light. When two photons hit a fluorophor simultaneously, it's as if one photon of half the wavelength excited the targeted fluorophor. If two photons of infrared light are directed at a particular sample, they will penetrate to a depth of several millimeters and then combine in the focal plane where the photons are most concentrated, reacting as if one photon of blue light hit the sample. The result is a deep tissue image of superior resolution. Although confocal and multiphoton techniques are generally considered to be overlapping technologies, some enthusiastic supporters consider the multiphoton technique a replacement for confocal microscopy.  1, record 16, English, - multiphoton%20microscopy

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La microscopie multiphotons ou plus précisément deux ou trois photons, peut être considérée comme une évolution de la microscopie confocale [...] Le principe de la microscopie à deux photons consiste à exciter un fluorochrome, non plus au moyen d'un seul photon de haute énergie (E), mais de deux photons dont les énergies sont diminuées de moitié (E/2)[...] la quantité de radicaux libres produits est très nettement réduite. Ce type de microscopie utilise de très courtes émissions de lumière, générées par des lasers infrarouges de puissance élevée.  1, record 16, French, - microscopie%20multiphotons

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Tiré du Technoscope.  2, record 16, French, - microscopie%20multiphotons

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

If the solar cell is placed in the focal plane of a lens(or a reflector)..., the concentrator is said to be an imaging concentrator, as the sun's image is formed on the cell surface.  1, record 17, English, - imaging%20concentrator

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Concentration du rayonnement solaire. On contribue à réduire le coût de l'énergie électrique produite par le système photovoltaïque, en dirigeant une lumière concentrée sur les photopiles. [...] Lorsque l'image du Soleil se forme directement sur les photopiles, le concentrateur est à image [...]  1, record 17, French, - concentrateur%20%C3%A0%20image

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish