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IMMOBILIZATION PROCESS [4 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 2011-08-09
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Chemistry
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- acylation
1, record 1, English, acylation
correct
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
Record 1, Synonyms, English
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Any process whereby the acyl group, a radical formed from an organic acid by removal of a hydroxyl group, is incorporated into a molecule by treatment with a carboxylic acid, its anhydride or its chloride. 2, record 1, English, - acylation
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The acylation or alkylation of the enzymes with reactive monomers is governed to a large extent by the nucleophilicity of the amino acid side radicals and hence by the pH of the reaction solution and the reactivity of the acylating or alkylating monomers used.... Compared with immobilization through activated matrices, the products obtained by the above-described process have a neutral matrix; do not adsorb substrate or reaction product; retain kinetic properties substantially unchanged; and show statistical distribution of the protein in the polymer. 3, record 1, English, - acylation
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Chimie
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- acylation
1, record 1, French, acylation
correct, feminine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Substitution, dans une molécule, d'un atome d'hydrogène par un radical acyle R-CO-. [...] C'est une des réactions les plus importantes de la synthèse organique. C'est en général une substitution électrophile, où le réactif peut être un ester, un chlorure ou un anhydride d'acide, et dont l'intervention est bien étudiée en biochimie. 1, record 1, French, - acylation
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La chymotrypsine est une enzyme qui hydrolyse les protéines en coupant la liaison peptidique entre le carboxyle d'un amino-acide aromatique et l'amide de n'importe quel autre résidu. Dans le mécanisme d'action de la chymotrypsine [...], la désacylation de la protéine est l'étape déterminante de la vitesse de réaction : une étape intermédiaire essentielle est donc l'acylation de la sérine en cours de réaction par le carboxyle du peptide. L'hydrolyse de substrats modèles par la chymotrypsine suggère une catalyse acide-base par un imidazole. 2, record 1, French, - acylation
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Ne pas confondre avec «alkylation». 3, record 1, French, - acylation
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Química
Record 1, Main entry term, Spanish
- acilación
1, record 1, Spanish, acilaci%C3%B3n
correct, feminine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 1, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record 2 - internal organization data 2011-01-11
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Biological Sciences
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- unit operation
1, record 2, English, unit%20operation
correct
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
Record 2, Synonyms, English
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The basic physical operations of chemical engineering in a chemical process plant, that is, distillation, fluid transport, heat and mass transfer, evaporation, extraction, drying, crystallization, filtration, mixing, size separation, crushing and grinding, conveying, etc. 1, record 2, English, - unit%20operation
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Immobilization of enzyme in favourable circumstances can lead to the use of a chemical engineering "unit operation" approach to a process involving enzymes. 2, record 2, English, - unit%20operation
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Sciences biologiques
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- opération unitaire
1, record 2, French, op%C3%A9ration%20unitaire
correct, feminine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Combinaison d'un nombre restreint d'opérations physiques telles que broyage, filtration, distillation, absorption, etc. auxquels tout procédé industriel peut se ramener. 2, record 2, French, - op%C3%A9ration%20unitaire
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La fermentation terminée, les enzymes doivent être séparées des cellules et du milieu, et traitées de façon à obtenir une préparation commerciale répondant aux critères de pureté et de stabilité souhaités. Ces traitements sont des opérations unitaires simples telles que centrifugation, filtration, évaporation, précipitation, séchage,... Les préparations enzymatiques peuvent être commercialisées sous différentes formes : liquide, concentrée, poudre, lyophilisée, immobilisée, ... 3, record 2, French, - op%C3%A9ration%20unitaire
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
Record 3 - internal organization data 2000-07-17
Record 3, English
Record 3, Subject field(s)
- Chemistry
Record 3, Main entry term, English
- immobilization process
1, record 3, English, immobilization%20process
correct
Record 3, Abbreviations, English
Record 3, Synonyms, English
Record 3, Textual support, English
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Metal mobilization and immobilization processes in sediment are thus governed by characteristics of the physicochemical environment (pH, redox potential and salinity in particular), sediment properties (clay content, organic matter content, quantity and type of cations and anions, amount of potentially reactive iron and manganese) and microbiological activity. 1, record 3, English, - immobilization%20process
Record 3, Key term(s)
- immobilisation process
Record 3, French
Record 3, Domaine(s)
- Chimie
Record 3, Main entry term, French
- processus d'immobilisation
1, record 3, French, processus%20d%27immobilisation
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, French
Record 3, Synonyms, French
Record 3, Textual support, French
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les processus de mobilisation et d'immobilisation des métaux dans les sédiments sont donc régis par les caractéristiques de l'environnement physico-chimique, notamment le pH, le potentiel redox et la salinité; par les propriétés des sédiments, telles la quantité d'argile, la teneur en matière organique, la quantité et le type de cations et d'anions, la quantité de fer et de manganèse potentiellement réactifs; et par l'activité microbiologique. 1, record 3, French, - processus%20d%27immobilisation
Record 3, Spanish
Record 3, Textual support, Spanish
Record 4 - internal organization data 1989-12-14
Record 4, English
Record 4, Subject field(s)
- Biological Sciences
Record 4, Main entry term, English
- residence time
1, record 4, English, residence%20time
correct
Record 4, Abbreviations, English
Record 4, Synonyms, English
Record 4, Textual support, English
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Where the enzyme is expensive then the extra cost of immobilization, with its attendant promise of catalyst re-use, may be less than the cost of continually adding more enzyme to the reaction system. Thus the criterion of re-use of enzyme is important; so too is the stability of the immobilized enzyme in relation to the average residence time of substrate within the reactor. In order to obtain a high yield of product a balance must be struck between flow rate, reactor volume, and enzymic activity. High flow rates and small reactor volumes will give a small residence time and thus, for high product yield, will require a highly active enzyme preparation. Increasing the reactor volume will increase the residence time but will, at least in the case of the packed bed reactor, increase the quantity of immobilized enzyme required and thus the cost of the process. 1, record 4, English, - residence%20time
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS
In an idealized reactor, all the fluid elements would spend the same time in the reactor. But in most real reactor systems, there would be a distribution of residence times of different fluid elements due to nonideal flow characteristics. Thus, space time is a parameter which describes only the macroscopic flow behavior. 2, record 4, English, - residence%20time
Record 4, French
Record 4, Domaine(s)
- Sciences biologiques
Record 4, Main entry term, French
- temps de séjour
1, record 4, French, temps%20de%20s%C3%A9jour
correct, masculine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, French
Record 4, Synonyms, French
- temps de rétention 2, record 4, French, temps%20de%20r%C3%A9tention
correct, masculine noun
Record 4, Textual support, French
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Le réacteur à lit fixe [...] se présente sous forme d'une colonne garnie par un lit fixe d'enzymes immobilisées. On peut l'alimenter soit à flux descendant, soit à flux ascendant. Dans le cas idéal, toutes les molécules traversent le réacteur à la même vitesse et y séjournent donc pendant le même temps. On dit alors que l'on a un écoulement piston. Dans la réalité, il y a un certain échange de matière par diffusion, ce qui se traduit par l'apparition d'une distribution des temps de séjour. 1, record 4, French, - temps%20de%20s%C3%A9jour
Record 4, Spanish
Record 4, Textual support, Spanish
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