TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

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The major histocompatibility complex(MHC) is a cluster of functionally related genes encoding proteins which, among other functions, mediate immune system activation.  3, record 1, English, - major%20histocompatibility%20complex

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

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Région du génome des vertébrés regroupant l'information génétique qui code des protéines présentes sur la face externe de la membrane plasmique, responsables de la reconnaissance du soi et permettant la réponse immunitaire.  3, record 1, French, - complexe%20majeur%20d%27histocompatibilit%C3%A9

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complexe majeur d'histocompatibilité; CMH : désignations et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 9 avril 2022.  4, record 1, French, - complexe%20majeur%20d%27histocompatibilit%C3%A9

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

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Conjunto de genes que controlan aspectos de la respuesta inmune, produciendo antígenos histocompatibles, que están presentes en todas las células del cuerpo como marcadores para identificarlas como propias.  1, record 1, Spanish, - complejo%20mayor%20de%20histocompatibilidad

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

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A protospacer adjacent motif(PAM) is a 2–6-base pairDNA sequence immediately following the DNA sequence targeted by the Cas9 nuclease in the CRISPR bacterial adaptive immune system.  5, record 2, English, - protospacer%20adjacent%20motif

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A significant site called PAM ... is critical in CRISPR-Cas selective recognition for its target foreign protospacer sequence. The well documented characteristic of all CRISPR-Cas types is their ability to find and cleave target invader sequences upon the recognition of the highly conserved short PAMs.  6, record 2, English, - protospacer%20adjacent%20motif

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

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Séquence de 2 à 6 paires de bases qui doit être préalablement reconnue par une endodésoxyribonucléase pour que celle-ci opère la coupure de l'ADN.  1, record 2, French, - motif%20de%20reconnaissance%20du%20proto%2Despaceur

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

motif de reconnaissance du proto-espaceur; motif de reconnaissance : désignations et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 28 mars 2018.  2, record 2, French, - motif%20de%20reconnaissance%20du%20proto%2Despaceur

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

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Prebunking is the process of debunking lies, tactics or sources before they strike. Its proponents describe it as a sort of vaccine for the mind that strengthens people's ability to think critically and makes them immune to most misinformation or propaganda. Like with vaccines, it is not necessary to immunize everybody : when prebunking reaches a critical threshold of the susceptible population, a phenomenon similar to herd immunity takes place :immune individuals do not repeat or deny false claims outright, preventing their spread.  2, record 3, English, - prebunking

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

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Approche proactive consistant à préparer le public avant exposition à la désinformation, en fournissant preuves et contexte pour mieux repérer et rejeter les fausses informations.  3, record 3, French, - d%C3%A9mystification%20pr%C3%A9ventive

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

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Immune checkpoints are a normal part of the immune system. Their role is to prevent an immune response from being so strong that it destroys healthy cells in the body. Immune checkpoints engage when proteins on the surface of immune cells called T cells recognize and bind to partner proteins on other cells, such as some tumor cells. These proteins are called immune checkpoint proteins. When the checkpoint and partner proteins bind together, they send an "off" signal to the T cells. This can prevent the immune system from destroying the cancer. Immunotherapy drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors work by blocking checkpoint proteins from binding with their partner proteins. This prevents the "off" signal from being sent, allowing the T cells to kill cancer cells.  3, record 4, English, - immune%20checkpoint%20inhibitor

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Monoclonal antibodies(mAbs) are... available as immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs). These ICIs target specific immune checkpoints, including cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4(CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1).  4, record 4, English, - immune%20checkpoint%20inhibitor

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

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Les inhibiteurs de points de contrôle sont des anticorps monoclonaux dirigés contre les signaux inhibiteurs de la réponse immunitaire que les cellules anticancéreuses mettent en place, en particulier en inactivant les lymphocytes T.  3, record 4, French, - inhibiteur%20de%20point%20de%20contr%C3%B4le%20immunitaire

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

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A small percentage of HIV-infected [human immunodeficiency virus-infected] individuals not on ART [antiretroviral treatment] do not develop significant progression of disease. These individuals tend to remain asymptomatic with stable CD4+ T-cell counts and low levels of HIV [human immunodeficiency virus] viremia. Long-term non-progressors are individuals without significant disease progression for many years while maintaining a minimal CD4+ T-cell count of 500 cells/mm³, likely as a result of sustained immune control limiting their HIV viremia to fewer than 10, 000 copies/mL.  4, record 5, English, - long%2Dterm%20non%2Dprogressor

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

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Personne infectée par le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine, asymptomatique, qui ne développe pas le sida et chez qui, en l'absence de traitement, conserve un taux de CD4 aux dessus 500/mm³ pendant plusieurs années.  2, record 5, French, - non%2Dprogresseur%20%C3%A0%20long%20terme

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Record 6,  Textual support,  English

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Guide RNAs (gRNAs) are tiny RNA [ribonucleic acid] transcripts that guide the editing machinery through base-pairing with the mRNAs [messenger ribonucleic acids] in edited regions. gRNAs are complementary to small segments of the fully edited mRNAs, and thus serve as mini-templates to guide the addition and deletion of Us from the pre-edited mRNA as they form a locally double-stranded RNA helix.  4, record 6, English, - guide%20ribonucleic%20acid

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No one studying molecular biology can escape the impact that the CRISPR/Cas9 system has had on the field. In its natural environment, it functions as an adaptive bacterial immune system that can remember past viral infections. However, it is mainly known and popular as a highly versatile and precise tool for gene editing.... At the heart of the system is Cas9, a programmable and sequence‐specific endonuclease that introduces double‐strand breaks into DNA, which can be exploited to modify the DNA sequence in many different ways. The Cas9 cleavage site is determined by a small RNA molecule, termed guide RNA(gRNA), that base pairs with the target DNA and at the same time binds to Cas9 to initiate the site‐specific double‐strand break...  5, record 6, English, - guide%20ribonucleic%20acid

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

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ARN s'associant à une enzyme ou à un complexe protéique, qui, lorsqu'il s'apparie à une séquence d'ARN ou d'ADN complémentaire, permet à l'enzyme ou au complexe protéique de se positionner sur cet ARN ou ADN complémentaire.  4, record 6, French, - acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20guide

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ARN guide : désignation et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 28 mars 2018.  5, record 6, French, - acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20guide

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Immune checkpoints are a normal part of the immune system. Their role is to prevent an immune response from being so strong that it destroys healthy cells in the body. Immune checkpoints engage when proteins on the surface of immune cells called T cells recognize and bind to partner proteins on other cells, such as some tumor cells. These proteins are called immune checkpoint proteins. When the checkpoint and partner proteins bind together, they send an "off" signal to the T cells. This can prevent the immune system from destroying the cancer. Immunotherapy drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors work by blocking checkpoint proteins from binding with their partner proteins. This prevents the "off" signal from being sent, allowing the T cells to kill cancer cells.  2, record 7, English, - immune%20checkpoint%20protein

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

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Les protéines nommées protéines de point de contrôle immunitaire permettent de moduler la force et la durée des réponses immunitaires pour éviter d'éliminer les cellules saines. Ces protéines réduisent la réponse immune naturelle ou thérapeutique contre le cancer. L'une des stratégies d'immunothérapie consiste à inhiber l'activité de ces protéines de point de contrôle immunitaire pour restaurer ou augmenter une réponse immunitaire.  1, record 7, French, - prot%C3%A9ine%20de%20point%20de%20contr%C3%B4le%20immunitaire

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

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An immune checkpoint is a regulator of the immune system that is important for maintaining self-tolerance(the ability of the immune system to recognize self antigens as harmless while appropriately mounting a response to foreign entities) and preventing random attacks on health cells. Several tumors hijack this mechanism to protect themselves against tumoricidal responses elicited by T cells by activating immune checkpoints.  2, record 8, English, - immune%20checkpoint

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

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Les points de contrôle immunitaire sont des systèmes de régulation, inhibiteurs et activateurs, du système immunitaire, garantissant la tolérance du Soi. Dans le contexte du cancer, ces points de contrôle jouent un rôle-clé dans la reconnaissance des cellules cancéreuses qui ont développé une capacité à déjouer l'immunité antitumorale et échapper à la surveillance immunitaire.  2, record 8, French, - point%20de%20contr%C3%B4le%20immunitaire

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

point de contrôle immunitaire : désignation publiée au Journal officiel de la République française le 7 août 2022.  3, record 8, French, - point%20de%20contr%C3%B4le%20immunitaire

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

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When llamas’ immune systems detect foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses, these animals(and other camelids such as alpacas) produce two types of antibodies : one that is similar to human antibodies and another that's only about a quarter of the size. These smaller ones, called single-domain antibodies or nanobodies, can be nebulized and used in an inhaler.  6, record 9, English, - single%2Ddomain%20antibody

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Single domain antibodies are the smallest antibody fragment capable of recapitulating the binding activities of antibodies. Many of their characteristics including their small size, production yields, and very high stability qualifies them as ideal building blocks.  7, record 9, English, - single%2Ddomain%20antibody

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

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Les anticorps à domaine unique sont des anticorps à faible poids moléculaire qui trouvent une large gamme d'applications thérapeutiques en raison de leur petite taille, de leur production simple et de leur affinité élevée.  4, record 9, French, - anticorps%20%C3%A0%20domaine%20unique

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

nanoanticorps : désignation publiée au Journal officiel de la République française le 19 juin 2024.  5, record 9, French, - anticorps%20%C3%A0%20domaine%20unique

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

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The researchers who studied the German and Austrian patients... had initially called the syndrome vaccine-induced prothrombotic immune thrombocytopenia; [two teams of researchers] now suggest a slightly simpler name : vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia(VITT).  4, record 10, English, - vaccine%2Dinduced%20immune%20thrombotic%20thrombocytopenia

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... the patients had unusual antibodies that trigger clotting reactions, which use up the body's platelets and can block blood vessels, leading to potentially deadly strokes or embolisms. The symptoms resemble a rare reaction to the drug heparin, called heparin-induced thrombocytopenia(HIT), in which the immune system makes antibodies to a complex of heparin and a protein called platelet factor 4(PF4), triggering platelets to form dangerous clots throughout the body.  4, record 10, English, - vaccine%2Dinduced%20immune%20thrombotic%20thrombocytopenia

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

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La trombocitopenia trombótica inmunitaria inducida por vacunas (VITT, por sus siglas en inglés) se define como un síndrome clínico caracterizado por todas las anomalías de laboratorio y radiológicas descritas a continuación que ocurren en individuos de 4 a 30 días después de la vacunación con Ad26.COV2 (Johnson & Johnson) o ChAdOx1 nCoV-19(Oxford-A. Zeneca).  1, record 10, Spanish, - trombocitopenia%20inmune%20tromb%C3%B3tica%20inducida%20por%20vacuna

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

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... the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration(TFDA) designed a pathway to EUA [emergency use authorization] for all local vaccine candidates [against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] based on immunobridging, which compares the immune response of a vaccine candidate with an approved vaccine... It is assumed that a part of the immune response—such as binding or neutralizing antibodies—will correlate with other important components of the immune response... In the absence of efficacy data, immunobridging can be adopted as an approach to infer the likelihood of a vaccine's protective effect by translating immunogenicity to vaccine efficacy. The inference is based on the comparison of immunogenicity of a new vaccine with a comparator vaccine with an established protective effect...  2, record 11, English, - immunobridging

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

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Procédure de mise au point d'un vaccin qui est fondée sur l'évaluation de la production d'anticorps.  2, record 11, French, - %C3%A9valuation%20immunologique

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évaluation immunologique : désignation et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 19 juin 2024.  3, record 11, French, - %C3%A9valuation%20immunologique

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

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A polymicrobial infection is a complex situation that involves two or more microorganisms and a host. This system is influenced by microbial population dynamics; interspecies microbial interactions that result in competition, cooperation, or neutrality; and interactions with the host immune system, including immune modulation or manipulation.  2, record 12, English, - polymicrobial%20infection

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

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Les infections polymicrobiennes impliquent plusieurs microorganismes et un hôte avec de multiples interactions possibles. Ces interactions multiformes ont un impact sur le devenir des patients, qui peut aller de la synergie à l'antagonisme voire à la prévention de l'infection. Les infections polymicrobiennes sont fréquemment associées à des pathogènes opportunistes dont les capacités d'invasion ne peuvent être prédites à partir du contenu génomique et pour lesquels l'environnement et la condition polymicrobienne modulent la pathogénicité. Les résultats de ces interactions dépendent des propriétés des espèces impliquées et peuvent être particulièrement délétères.  2, record 12, French, - infection%20polymicrobienne

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

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Vaccine escape is the term used to describe the process of a virus mutating to form a variant that evades the immune response induced by vaccination. This process is rare, but occurrence depends on factors such as therapeutic targets and viral mutation rates.  2, record 13, English, - vaccine%20escape

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

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Pour parler d’échappement vaccinal stricto sensu, il faut que l’infection survienne au moins deux semaines après l’administration de la deuxième dose d’un vaccin à ARNm. Rien de surprenant, puisqu’il n’a jamais été clamé que l’efficacité vaccinale était de 100 %. Plusieurs questions légitimes se posent néanmoins : Les patients "victimes" d’un échappement vaccinal présentent-ils des particularités communes? Quel est leur profil démographique et clinique ? Quel est le pronostic de la Covid-19 dans ce cas précis, notamment quand une hospitalisation est nécessaire ?  2, record 13, French, - %C3%A9chappement%20vaccinal

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

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Y precisamente esta capacidad de la variante delta para eludir la respuesta inmune, que se conoce como escape inmunológico o vacunal, facilita la transmisión del virus y hace más difícil la erradicación del COVID.  1, record 13, Spanish, - escape%20inmunol%C3%B3gico

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

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Viral fitness, defined as the extent of viral adaptation to the host environment, arises from tissue tropism, immune system evasion, drug resistance, and viral replication capacity.  1, record 14, English, - viral%20fitness

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

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[...] personnes séropositives pour le VIH peuvent être asymptomatiques et ne découvrir leur état sérologique que plusieurs années plus tard. Entre le moment de l’infection et le début du traitement antirétroviral, certaines mutations associées à une pharmacorésistance, en particulier celles qui réduisent la capacité réplicative du virus, peuvent disparaître des sous-types en circulation en l’absence de la pression sélective exercée par les médicaments.  1, record 14, French, - capacit%C3%A9%20r%C3%A9plicative%20virale

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

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Por otra parte, la acumulación de mutaciones secundarias en progenies virales que ya expresan mutaciones primarias de resistencia se interpretaría como intentos evolutivos de la progenie viral predominante por mejorar su capacidad replicativa ante la presencia continuada de la presión de selección ejercida por la droga.  1, record 14, Spanish, - capacidad%20replicativa

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An infection that occurs despite previous vaccination.  5, record 15, English, - vaccine%20breakthrough%20infection

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There are a number of reasons that breakthrough infections may occur, including a weak or ineffective immune response to vaccination, decreased immunity over time and/or evolution of the virus.  6, record 15, English, - vaccine%20breakthrough%20infection

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

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Quarante-deux études comprenant des essais contrôlés randomisés, des cohortes prospectives et des études cas-témoins ont été résumées afin d'estimer le nombre total d'infections post-vaccinales (c.-à-d. asymptomatiques et symptomatiques) après une série complète de vaccins primaires.  3, record 15, French, - infection%20postvaccinale

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

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Las personas con infección posvacunal después de cualquier dosis también podrían considerar retrasar la siguiente dosis 3 meses.  1, record 15, Spanish, - infecci%C3%B3n%20posvacunal

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

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Immunology is the science that investigates how organisms defend themselves against infection, harmful substances, and foreign tissue. In order for an organism to defend itself against such threats, however, its immune system presumably must be able to discriminate self from nonself. If the immune system could not make such a discrimination, it might harm the organism it is to defend, rather than the microbes infecting it. Self-nonself discrimination thus appears to be a crucial function of the immune system.  4, record 16, English, - self%2Dnonself%20discrimination

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

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Propriété fondamentale du système immunitaire des vertébrés qui permet à chaque organisme de distinguer ce qui lui est propre de ce qui lui est étranger.  1, record 16, French, - reconnaissance%20du%20soi

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Certains dysfonctionnements de la reconnaissance du soi aboutissent à des maladies auto-immunes.  1, record 16, French, - reconnaissance%20du%20soi

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 OBS

reconnaissance du soi : désignation et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 27 juillet 2023.  2, record 16, French, - reconnaissance%20du%20soi

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

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Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) causes joint inflammation and pain. It happens when the immune system... attacks the lining of the joints, called the synovium. The disease commonly affects the hands, knees or ankles, and usually the same joint on both sides of the body, such as both hands or both knees.  4, record 17, English, - rheumatoid%20arthritis

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Rheumatoid arthritis or RA is a form of inflammatory polyarthritis ...  5, record 17, English, - rheumatoid%20arthritis

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

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En cas d'arthrite rhumatoïde (AR), le système immunitaire attaque les tissus de l'organisme, particulièrement la synovie (une fine membrane qui recouvre les articulations), et provoque une inflammation.  3, record 17, French, - polyarthrite%20rhumato%C3%AFde

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Record 18,  Textual support,  English

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Ordinarily, heparin prevents clotting and does not affect the platelets, components of the blood that help form blood clots. Triggered by the immune system in response to heparin, HIT causes a low platelet count(thrombocytopenia).  2, record 18, English, - heparin%2Dinduced%20thrombocytopenia

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

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Reacción adversa protrombótica, mediada por activación de anticuerpos antiplaquetarios (mayoritariamente IgG [inmonoglobulinas G) contra el complejo formado por el factor plaquetario y la heparina, en individuos en tratamiento con este fármaco.  1, record 18, Spanish, - trombocitopenia%20inducida%20por%20heparina

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

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Damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs) are conserved molecular motifs that result from cell death or tissue injury... They serve as important mediators linking sterile inflammation to end-organ damage and life-threatening disease through the modulation of the innate immune response.  2, record 19, English, - damage%2Dassociated%20molecular%20pattern

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

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A new protein that forms on cancer cells when certain mutations occur in tumor DNA.  3, record 20, English, - neoantigen

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Neoantigens may play an important role in helping the body make an immune response against cancer cells. Neoantigens used in vaccines and other types of immunotherapy are being studied in the treatment of many types of cancer.  3, record 20, English, - neoantigen

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

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Durant la formation des cellules néoplasiques, celles-ci accumulent généralement un nombre élevé d'altérations génétiques en raison de leur instabilité chromosomique et du haut taux de réplication cellulaire. Ces altérations conduisent à la production de protéines mutantes, appelées des néoantigènes, qui peuvent être reconnues par le système immunitaire de l'hôte pour produire une réponse immunitaire ciblée contre la tumeur [...]  3, record 20, French, - n%C3%A9oantig%C3%A8ne

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

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As blood flows through the central arteries [of the spleen], it reaches the marginal zone, a region between the white pulp and red pulp. The marginal zone contains macrophages and other immune cells that capture and process antigens, contributing to the spleen's immunologic function.  3, record 21, English, - marginal%20zone

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

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La zone marginale est un compartiment anatomique distinct [...]  2, record 21, French, - zone%20marginale

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

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Bacterial colonization of wounds versus infection is an area that must be greatly appreciated by treating clinicians... While all wounds contain bacteria, colonization refers to a specific scenario where bacteria are presently multiplying but the sum of their actions are not enough to elicit an immune response.  1, record 22, English, - bacterial%20colonization

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

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La colonisation bactérienne a lieu de façon progressive, dans un ordre bien précis : les premières bactéries intestinales ont besoin d'oxygène pour se multiplier (bactéries aérobies : entérocoques, staphylocoques…).  1, record 22, French, - colonisation%20bact%C3%A9rienne

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

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La colonización bacteriana que precede a la infección de las quemaduras de manejo ambulatorio ha sido escasamente estudiada [...]  1, record 22, Spanish, - colonizaci%C3%B3n%20bacteriana

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

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[A syndrome that] occurs when your immune system mistakenly creates antibodies that make your blood much more likely to clot.  4, record 23, English, - antiphospholipid%20syndrome

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This can cause dangerous blood clots in the legs, kidneys, lungs and brain. In pregnant women, antiphospholipid syndrome also can result in miscarriage and stillbirth.  4, record 23, English, - antiphospholipid%20syndrome

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le syndrome des antiphospholipides (SAPL) est une maladie auto-immune rare définie par l'association de thrombose vasculaire (phlébite ou embolie pulmonaire [...] ou accident vasculaire cérébral) et/ou de complications obstétricales avec la présence dans le sang d'auto-anticorps dirigés contre les phospholipides [...]  4, record 23, French, - syndrome%20des%20antiphospholipides

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Afección en la cual el sistema inmunitario crea por error anticuerpos que atacan los tejidos del cuerpo, [pudiendo] provocar la formación de coágulos de sangre en arterias y venas.  1, record 23, Spanish, - s%C3%ADndrome%20antifosfolip%C3%ADdico

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Alarmins are molecules released from a damaged or diseased cell that upon release can stimulate a sterile immune or inflammatory response... Alarmins are sometimes referred to as "endokines" to indicate that "endo"genous intracellular molecules acquire cyto"kine"-like functions once release into the extracellular space.  3, record 24, English, - alarmin

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les alarmines sont des molécules endogènes à rôles homéostatiques étudiées au cours de récents programmes de recherche sur l'arthrite inflammatoire [...] La raison principale de cet intérêt repose sur leur capacité à alerter le système immunitaire après [des] lésions tissulaires et [la] libération active ou passive de ces molécules par les cellules endommagées.  1, record 24, French, - alarmine

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Las alarminas son un] grupo estructuralmente diverso de moléculas endógenas que son multifuncionales, que tienen funciones fisiológicas dentro de la célula, pero cuando se liberan de células muertas o de células sometidas a estrés o ciertas células inmunitarias, funcionan para activar la inmunidad innata.  1, record 24, Spanish, - alarmina

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease(MOGAD) is an autoimmune condition where [the] immune system attacks proteins in the protective cover around [the] nerves(myelin). It causes symptoms that affect [the] eyes, brain and spinal cord, like vision loss, confusion and muscle weakness.  3, record 25, English, - myelin%20oligodendrocyte%20glycoprotein%20antibody%2Dassociated%20disease

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La maladie associée aux anticorps anti-MOG (MOGAD) est une affection démyélinisante rare du système nerveux central ayant un tropisme optico-médullaire, notamment chez l'adulte, pouvant être monophasique ou à rechutes.  1, record 25, French, - maladie%20associ%C3%A9e%20aux%20anticorps%20anti%2DMOG

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

MOG : L'abréviation «MOG» provient du terme anglais «myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein».  3, record 25, French, - maladie%20associ%C3%A9e%20aux%20anticorps%20anti%2DMOG

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The skin is a vital organ that covers the entire outside of the body, forming a protective barrier against pathogens and injuries from the environment. The skin is the body's largest organ; covering the entire outside of the body, it is about 2 mm thick and weighs approximately six pounds. It shields the body against heat, light, injury, and infection. The skin also helps regulate body temperature, gathers sensory information from the environment, stores water, fat, and vitamin D, and plays a role in the immune system protecting us from disease.  2, record 26, English, - skin

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

skin; cutis: designations found in the Terminologia Anatomica.  3, record 26, English, - skin

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La peau est l'organe le plus volumineux et le plus étendu du corps humain.  1, record 26, French, - peau

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

peau : désignation dérivée de la Terminologia Anatomica.  2, record 26, French, - peau

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 OBS

cutis : désignation tirée de la Terminologia Anatomica.  2, record 26, French, - peau

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Three orthoebolaviruses(Bundibugyo virus [BDBV], Ebola virus [EBOV], and Sudan virus [SUDV]) are highly lethal human pathogens. Taï Forest virus(TAFV) has caused a single recorded case of severe but nonlethal human disease. Reston virus(RESTV) has, as far as is known, only caused one inapparent human infection. Although the pathogenicity of Bombali virus(BOMV) for humans is unclear..., infection studies using mice engrafted with human immune cells suggest that it might not be pathogenic in humans...  3, record 27, English, - orthoebolavirus

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

orthoebolavirus; ebolavirus: When these designations are used as vernacular terms referring to the collective members of the genus of viruses, they are not written in italics.  4, record 27, English, - orthoebolavirus

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

orthoebolavirus; ebolavirus : Lorsque ces désignations sont utilisées comme nom vernaculaire faisant référence à l'ensemble des membres du genre de virus, elles ne sont pas écrites en italiques.  3, record 27, French, - orthoebolavirus

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An acute inflammatory autoimmune neuritis caused by T cell-mediated cellular immune response directed towards peripheral myelin.  3, record 28, English, - Guillain%2DBarr%C3%A9%20syndrome

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Demyelination occurs in peripheral nerves and nerve roots. The process is often preceded by a viral or bacterial infection, surgery, immunization, lymphoma, or exposure to toxins. Common clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, loss of sensation, and loss of deep tendon reflexes. Weakness of respiratory muscles and autonomic dysfunction may occur.  3, record 28, English, - Guillain%2DBarr%C3%A9%20syndrome

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 2 OBS

G61.0: code used in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems.  5, record 28, English, - Guillain%2DBarr%C3%A9%20syndrome

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Maladie auto-immune qui provoque une atteinte des nerfs périphériques et une paralysie.  2, record 28, French, - syndrome%20de%20Guillain%2DBarr%C3%A9

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

G61.0 : code de la Classification statistique internationale des maladies et des problèmes de santé connexes.  3, record 28, French, - syndrome%20de%20Guillain%2DBarr%C3%A9

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enfermedad aguda que produce debilidad o parálisis en ambos lados del cuerpo, comúnmente en piernas y pies.  1, record 28, Spanish, - s%C3%ADndrome%20de%20Guillain%2DBarr%C3%A9

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Alpha-gal syndrome(AGS) is a serious and unusual food allergy to red(mammalian) meat. It occurs in people who have been bitten by certain types of ticks, usually if they’ve been bitten more than once.... The saliva of some ticks contains a sugar molecule called alpha-gal(α-Gal). When alpha-gal enters the bloodstream, it can increase your sensitivity to red meat. This can trigger an immune system response. Your body reacts as if red meat is harmful, causing allergic symptoms. People with AGS may also react to other products containing alpha-gal, including medications and personal care products.  3, record 29, English, - alpha%2Dgal%20syndrome

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Unlike more traditional food allergies where consumption of an allergen produces symptoms within minutes, AGS reactions typically occur 3-8 hours after eating.  4, record 29, English, - alpha%2Dgal%20syndrome

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans la salive de la tique se trouve un sucre : le α-gal. C'est en mordant son hôte que la tique lui injecte le sucre. Il faut savoir que l'α-gal est présent chez la plupart des mammifères, incluant le bœuf, le porc et l'agneau, mais absent chez l'humain. Donc, au contact de l'α-gal transmis par la tique, certains individus, mais pas tous, développeront des anticorps (IgE) contre le sucre en question. Plus tard, lorsque la personne mangera de la viande rouge qui, rappelons-le, contient de l'α-gal, les anticorps reconnaîtront le sucre, ce qui provoquera une réaction allergique. Toutefois, contrairement à la réaction typique découlant d'une allergie alimentaire, le syndrome α-gal se manifeste plusieurs heures (jusqu'à 10 heures dans certains cas) après la consommation de viande rouge. Parmi les symptômes observés, on retrouve des crampes abdominales, de la nausée, des vomissements, des difficultés respiratoires, une baisse de la pression artérielle, une enflure des lèvres et de la gorge.  2, record 29, French, - syndrome%20alpha%2Dgal

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

IMNM can present much like polymyositis and causes muscle cell death (necrosis) that leads to weakness of the skeletal muscles on both sides of the body (symmetrical), commonly those closest to the body’s core (proximal), such as the hips, thighs, upper arms, shoulders, and neck. ... IMNM may look the same as necrotizing myopathies, but they have other features that prove they are autoimmune.  1, record 30, English, - immune%2Dmediated%20necrotizing%20myopathy

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... a phenomenon whereby initial exposure to one virus strain effectively primes B cell memory and limits the development of memory B cells and neutralizing antibodies against new minor variant strains of the virus.  3, record 31, English, - immune%20imprinting

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Hybrid immunity refers to the immune protection in individuals who have had one or more doses of a COVID-19 vaccine and at least one SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] infection before or after the first vaccination.  2, record 32, English, - hybrid%20immunity

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les personnes qui sont à la fois vaccinées contre la COVID-19 et qui ont aussi été infectées par le virus (immunité hybride) profitent d'une meilleure protection contre les infections futures, alors que celles qui sont uniquement vaccinées (immunité vaccinale) ou celles qui ont été infectées sans être vaccinées (immunité naturelle) profitent d'une protection moins élevée.  1, record 32, French, - immunit%C3%A9%20hybride

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The acquisition of immunity against a disease or infectious agent through an immune response evoked after the administration of a vaccine or antigen.  2, record 33, English, - active%20immunization

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Active immunization results from contact with antigens, either through natural infection or by vaccination.  3, record 33, English, - active%20immunization

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'immunisation active consiste en la production inhérente d'anticorps contre un agent précis après l'exposition à un antigène par la vaccination.  2, record 33, French, - immunisation%20active

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The U. S. [United States] Pharmacopoeia(USP) has three general specifications for water quality that are applicable to medical and pharmaceutical uses, namely ’USP Water for Injection’(WFI), ’USP Purified Water’(PW) and ’Drinking Water. ’… WFI requires the removal of a subgroup of endotoxins that are lipopolysaccharides(material that makes up the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria and can cause an immune system response and fever termed "pyrogens"). … Thus, pyrogen-free water is a critical aspect of parenteral drug manufacturing.  1, record 34, English, - pyrogen%2Dfree%20water

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Eau exempte de substances pyrogènes.  2, record 34, French, - eau%20apyrog%C3%A8ne

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'eau stérile est une eau où il y a absence totale de germes. L'eau apyrogène est une eau qui ne provoque pas de fièvre après injection.  1, record 34, French, - eau%20apyrog%C3%A8ne

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pyrogène : qui engendre de la fièvre.  3, record 34, French, - eau%20apyrog%C3%A8ne

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Técnicas de purificación. [...] Ultrafiltración: retiene coloides, microorganismos y pirógenos, se utiliza habitualmente para la obtención de agua apirógena y libre de nucleasas.  2, record 34, Spanish, - agua%20apir%C3%B3gena

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Administer an immunogenic preparation to stimulate the immune response against a specific infectious disease.  2, record 35, English, - vaccinate

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Administrer une préparation immunogène en vue de stimuler la réponse immunitaire contre une maladie infectieuse donnée.  2, record 35, French, - vacciner

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A specialist who studies immunity, the branch of science concerned with the structure and function of the immune system.  2, record 36, English, - immunologist

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Spécialiste] qui étudie les réactions immunitaires de l'organisme et en tire des applications d'ordre prophylactique et thérapeutique.  3, record 36, French, - immunologiste

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Especialista en el] estudio de todos los aspectos del sistema inmune [del] organismo.  2, record 36, Spanish, - inmun%C3%B3logo

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Individuals may be immunocompromised as a result of a congenital condition, an illness or medications that suppress immune function. In general, immunocompromised persons are more susceptible to vaccine-preventable infections and may have severe infections.  1, record 37, English, - immunocompromised%20person

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Personne] dont le système immunitaire est affaibli.  2, record 37, French, - personne%20immunod%C3%A9prim%C3%A9e

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The administration of a vaccine or antigen to evoke an immune response against a disease or infectious agent.  3, record 38, English, - active%20immunization

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'immunisation est l'action par laquelle on confère l'immunité, soit par injection d'antigènes (immunisation active), soit par injection de sérum contenant des anticorps spécifiques (immunisation passive).  2, record 38, French, - immunisation%20active

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A protein that is produced in response to the introduction of an antigen in an organism and that plays a role in the immune response against this antigen.  3, record 39, English, - antibody

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

For some authors, the term "immunoglobulin" is synonymous with the term "antibody." However, while all antibodies are immunoglobulins, not all immunoglobulins are antibodies.  4, record 39, English, - antibody

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Protéine qui est sécrétée en réponse à un antigène introduit dans un organisme et qui participe à la réponse immunitaire contre cet antigène.  3, record 39, French, - anticorps

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Certains auteurs considèrent le terme «immunoglobuline» comme synonyme du terme «anticorps». Toutefois, tous les anticorps sont des immunoglobulines, mais les immunoglobulines ne sont pas toutes des anticorps.  4, record 39, French, - anticorps

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Proteína producida por el sistema inmunitario para luchar específicamente contra un antígeno, que es una sustancia ajena al cuerpo.  4, record 39, Spanish, - anticuerpo

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El anticuerpo se combina en forma específica con el antígeno que estimuló su producción con el objeto de inactivarlo o neutralizarlo, o bien marcarlo para su destrucción por otras células del sistema inmune. Un anticuerpo en particular sólo actúa contra un antígeno en particular.  5, record 39, Spanish, - anticuerpo

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Responsable de proteger la superficie de las mucosas. Se localiza en los fluidos del cuerpo como lágrimas y saliva, y en los sistemas respiratorio, gástrico, urinario y reproductivo.  5, record 39, Spanish, - anticuerpo

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The characteristics of a disease or organism shown by study of blood serums ...  2, record 40, English, - serology

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the serology of acquired immune deficiency syndrome...  2, record 40, English, - serology

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La sérologie de la toxoplasmose a été étudiée chez [des] sidéens présentant une toxoplasmose évolutive [...]  1, record 40, French, - s%C3%A9rologie

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

An insect (order Coleoptera) of the family Histeridae.  2, record 41, English, - immune%20clown%20beetle

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Insecte (ordre des coléoptères) de la famille des Histeridae.  2, record 41, French, - hister%20immunisant

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A vaccine that is administered through the nose.  3, record 42, English, - intranasal%20vaccine

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

All vaccines stimulate the immune system by helping the body produce antibodies against a specific germ, and also by stimulating immune system cells to help recognize and destroy cells that have been infected by viruses. In the case of intranasal vaccines, a lot of that antibody production takes place in the lining of the respiratory tract, in the fluids that cover and bathe the inside of the nose, throat, and windpipe.  4, record 42, English, - intranasal%20vaccine

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Vaccin administré par le nez.  3, record 42, French, - vaccin%20intranasal

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A vaccine that works by stimulating an immune response against two different antigens...  2, record 43, English, - bivalent%20vaccine

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

For example, Cervarix is a bivalent vaccine that helps protect the body against infection with two different types of human papillomaviruses (HPV).  2, record 43, English, - bivalent%20vaccine

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les vaccins actuels sont tous basés sur le virus original. Mais le SRAS-CoV-2 [coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère 2] continuant de muter — Omicron et ses sous-variants représentent maintenant l'essentiel de la menace —, l'objectif des pharmaceutiques est donc de produire une injection qui cible Omicron et de la combiner avec la formule originale pour créer des vaccins bivalents.  2, record 43, French, - vaccin%20bivalent

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Paraneoplastic syndromes... occur when a cancer causes unusual symptoms due to substances that circulate in the bloodstream. These substances may be hormones produced by the tumor or antibodies produced by the immune system. They can affect the function of various tissues and organs and cause symptoms at sites distant from the tumor.  1, record 44, English, - paraneoplastic%20syndrome

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les syndromes paranéoplasiques […] surviennent lorsqu'un cancer entraîne des symptômes inhabituels liés à la production de substances circulantes. Ces substances peuvent être des hormones produites par la tumeur ou des anticorps fabriqués par le système immunitaire. Elles peuvent perturber le fonctionnement de différents tissus et organes, et induire des symptômes dans des régions éloignées de la tumeur.  1, record 44, French, - syndrome%20paran%C3%A9oplasique

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El síndrome paraneoplástico es una condición que ocasiona un efecto en otro sistema y específicamente, esto es por anticuerpos que son producidos por esta enfermedad de la leucemia que ataca el sistema neurológico periferal.  1, record 44, Spanish, - s%C3%ADndrome%20paraneopl%C3%A1stico

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Production of murine monoclonal antibodies involves challenging a rodent's immune system with an antigen and harvesting rodent splenocytes for antibody retrieval.  1, record 45, English, - murine%20monoclonal%20antibody

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

mouse monoclonal antibody: designation usually used in the plural.  2, record 45, English, - murine%20monoclonal%20antibody

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Lorsque les premiers anticorps monoclonaux produits à partir de cellules murines (de souris ou de rat) furent décrits au début des années 1980, il semblait évident qu'ils représentaient des outils privilégiés pour cibler des antigènes tumoraux et détruire ainsi, de manière spécifique, les cellules transformées les exprimant. En fait, pendant presque 10 ans, la déception fut grande : d'une part, la caractérisation à l'aide d'anticorps d'antigènes spécifiques des tumeurs s'est avérée très laborieuse, et, d'autre part, l'utilisation thérapeutique des anticorps monoclonaux murins s'est rapidement heurtée à des problèmes tels que l'immunisation des patients vis-à-vis de l'anticorps xénogénique (de souris ou de rat) et la survenue de rechutes dues à une élimination incomplète des cellules tumorales.  1, record 45, French, - anticorps%20monoclonal%20murin

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

anticorps monoclonal murin : désignation habituellement utilisée au pluriel.  2, record 45, French, - anticorps%20monoclonal%20murin

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A group of symptoms caused by a delayed immune response to certain medications or antiserum...  2, record 46, English, - serum%20sickness

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Serum sickness is a hypersensitivity reaction similar to allergy. The immune system misidentifies a protein in antiserum as a potentially harmful substance(antigen), and it develops an immune response against the antiserum.  2, record 46, English, - serum%20sickness

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La maladie sérique est consécutive à l'injection de sérum ou, plus rarement, à la prise d'antibiotiques [...], d'anti-inflammatoires, de barbituriques ou d'hormones [...] Elle est due à la sécrétion, par le système immunitaire du malade, d'anticorps dirigés contre les substances sériques ou médicamenteuses, étrangères à l'organisme [...]  2, record 46, French, - maladie%20s%C3%A9rique

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Before vaccination became a common practice, people who survived whooping cough when they were young were often in contact with infected young children, because whooping cough was still common. These contacts stimulated their bodies to produce new immune cells and antibodies as they got older. These stimulations are called natural boosters...  2, record 47, English, - natural%20booster

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En cas de réduction importante de la circulation de l'agent infectieux, les rappels naturels deviennent aléatoires, rendant nécessaires des rappels vaccinaux tardifs pour certaines maladies (par exemple, coqueluche).  1, record 47, French, - rappel%20naturel

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En situaciones en las que no se produce un refuerzo natural, es preciso administrar dosis de refuerzo del toxoide diftérico después del periodo de lactancia y la edad de escolarización primaria para mantener la inmunidad protectora.  1, record 47, Spanish, - refuerzo%20natural

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... the act of administering a vaccine again some period after an initial vaccination especially to strengthen or renew the immune response.  2, record 48, English, - revaccination

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Revaccination. When persons are vaccinated a second time, a gradation of cutaneous responses is observed. Individuals who have not been vaccinated for several decades may develop what appears to be a primary take. In persons with an intermediate level of immunity, development of the lesion is more rapid, and the maximal diameter of erythema is reached in 3 to 7 days.  3, record 48, English, - revaccination

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Action d'inoculer une nouvelle dose de vaccin afin de prolonger l'immunité assurée par la vaccination précédente.  2, record 48, French, - revaccination

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

revacunación: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, indica que como se registra en el Diccionario de términos médicos de la Real Academia Nacional de Medicina, "booster" puede traducirse [como] "revacunación"[,] por tanto, no hay motivo para emplear el anglicismo en textos en español.  2, record 48, Spanish, - revacunaci%C3%B3n

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Non-replicating viral vectors are viruses that have been genetically engineered so they can’t replicate and cause disease. Then they’re further modified to produce the protein for the disease [targeted] and injected into the body to provoke an immune response.  4, record 49, English, - non%2Dreplicating%20viral%20vector

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un vector viral no replicativo es un virus al que le falta el gen responsable de su reproducción, por lo que no representa ningún riesgo de infección para el organismo. Se utilizan vectores virales para transportar genes de otro virus contra el cual se quiere inmunizar.  1, record 49, Spanish, - vector%20viral%20no%20replicativo

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 DEF