TERMIUM Plus^®

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... the suprachoroidal injection approach delivers the gene therapy payload via the potential space between the sclera and the choroid(suprachoroidal space, or SCS). This is a potentially favored injection site for gene therapy because it may reduce the likelihood of eliciting an immunologic response due to its unique location with respect to the blood-retina barrier while simultaneously permitting adequate gene expression to control the nAMD [neovascular age-related macular degeneration] disease process. Surgical access to the SCS can be facilitated by creation of a sclerotomy, followed by introduction of a catheter or cannula. Separately, and potentially of greater interest, is for suprachoroidal gene therapy to be delivered in the clinic setting by utilizing hypodermic needles or hollow microneedles.  1, record 1, English, - suprachoroidal%20gene%20therapy

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gene therapy: The treatment of certain medical disorders, especially those caused by genetic anomalies or deficiencies, by introducing specific engineered genes into a patient’s cells.  3, record 1, English, - suprachoroidal%20gene%20therapy

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

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Thérapie qui consiste en l'injection de gènes dans la couche de la choroïde adhérant à la sclère dans le but de traiter une maladie rétinienne.  1, record 1, French, - th%C3%A9rapie%20g%C3%A9nique%20suprachoro%C3%AFdienne

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Record 2,  Textual support,  English

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Latent tuberculosis is a clinical state in which a person has immunologic evidence of tuberculosis but lacks symptoms and signs of the disease. The immunologic evidence that makes the diagnosis is a positive tuberculin skin test or interferon gamma release assay.  5, record 2, English, - latent%20tuberculosis

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

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L'ITL est la forme latente de l'infection, soit la présence de bacilles tuberculeux à l'intérieur de l'organisme sans manifestation de la maladie. La plupart du temps, elle se manifeste par une réaction au test cutané à la tuberculine (TCT) ou par un résultat positif au test de libération de l'interféron gamma (TLIG), 2 à 8 semaines après le contact.  4, record 2, French, - tuberculose%20latente

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Record 3,  Textual support,  English

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As blood flows through the central arteries [of the spleen], it reaches the marginal zone, a region between the white pulp and red pulp. The marginal zone contains macrophages and other immune cells that capture and process antigens, contributing to the spleen's immunologic function.  3, record 3, English, - marginal%20zone

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

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La zone marginale est un compartiment anatomique distinct [...]  2, record 3, French, - zone%20marginale

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Record 4,  Textual support,  English

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Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis [HLH](ie, acquired hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis) occurs after strong immunologic activation, such as that which can occur with systemic infection, immunodeficiency, or underlying malignancy. [Like primary HLH, it is] characterized by the overwhelming activation of normal T lymphocytes and macrophages, invariably leading to clinical and hematologic alterations and death in the absence of treatment.  6, record 4, English, - secondary%20hemophagocytic%20lymphohistiocytosis

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SHLH is also the abbreviation of "sporadic hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis."  7, record 4, English, - secondary%20hemophagocytic%20lymphohistiocytosis

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

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Les LH secondaires sont liées à différents états pathologiques (infections en particulier, ainsi qu'affections néoplasiques et auto-immunes) qui aboutissent au tableau de LH à cause d'un déficit acquis des fonctions cytotoxiques des lymphocytes T et des cellules «natural killer». Les critères diagnostiques sont [...] pour les LH secondaires, l'existence d'au moins cinq des huit critères suivants : fièvre, splénomégalie, cytopénies affectant deux lignées ou plus, hypertriglycéridémie et/ou hypofibrinogénémie, hémophagocytose dans la moelle osseuse, la rate ou les ganglions lymphatiques, activité «natural killer» diminuée ou absente, hyperferritinémie, augmentation du récepteur soluble de l'interleukine 2.  1, record 4, French, - lymphohistiocytose%20h%C3%A9mophagocytaire%20secondaire

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Record 5,  Textual support,  English

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... a fecal occult blood test that uses antibodies to detect blood in the stool.  3, record 5, English, - fecal%20immunochemical%20test

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A relatively minor change in the antigenic structure of a virus strain, probably resulting from natural selection of virus variants circulating among an immune or partially immune population.  2, record 6, English, - antigenic%20drift

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... it may be due to recombination, deletion, or insertion of genes, point mutations, or combinations of these events; it leads to alteration(usually slow and progressive) in the antigenic composition, and therefore in the immunologic responses of individual people and populations to exposure to the microorganism concerned.  3, record 6, English, - antigenic%20drift

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

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La dérive antigénique : lors de la réplication du virus, une erreur peut survenir sur un fragment de l'acide ribonucléique (ARN). L'erreur est ensuite transcrite et traduite lors des réplications successives, de sorte qu'un nouveau virus légèrement modifié, c'est-à-dire muté, apparaît. L'accumulation de ces mutations crée graduellement un virus dont les caractéristiques antigéniques diffèrent substantiellement de la souche originale, ce qui lui permet d'échapper à l'immunité due aux infections passées et de réinfecter les humains. Ce phénomène est responsable des épidémies saisonnières de grippe.  2, record 6, French, - glissement%20antig%C3%A9nique

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Record 7,  Textual support,  English

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The capacity of an organism’s immune system to recognize an antigen with which it has already been in contact and to respond to it more rapidly and efficiently.  1, record 7, English, - immunological%20memory

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Capacité du système immunitaire d'un organisme de reconnaître un antigène avec lequel il a déjà été en contact et ainsi d'y répondre plus rapidement et efficacement.  1, record 7, French, - m%C3%A9moire%20immunologique

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Proceso que permite que un encuentro secundario con el mismo antígeno, produzca una respuesta inmune más intensa e inmediata que la de la exposición inicial a dicho antígeno.  1, record 7, Spanish, - memoria%20inmunol%C3%B3gica

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A nonspecific substance acting to enhance the immune response to an antigen with which it is administered.  3, record 8, English, - immunological%20adjuvant

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[...] substance non antigénique ou mélange de substances qui, administrée en même temps et au même site qu'un antigène, accroît la réponse immunitaire à ce dernier.  3, record 8, French, - adjuvant%20immunologique

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

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Droga o sustancia que intensifica o modifica la efectividad de otro fármaco o sustancia.  2, record 8, Spanish, - adyuvante

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A clinical study in which participants are deliberately infected with a predetermined infectious agent under controlled conditions in order to generate scientific, immunologic and therapeutic data from analysis of the disease caused by the agent.  4, record 9, English, - controlled%20human%20infection%20model

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A controlled human infection model may involve a human challenge trial.  4, record 9, English, - controlled%20human%20infection%20model

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The formation of fluffy, wody, or lumpy precipitates following the combination of an antibody with colloidally suspended particulate antigens. Thsi immunologic reaction is often performed to detect bacterial antibodies.  1, record 10, English, - flocculation%20test

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Réaction de précipitation caractérisée par la formation d'agrégats insolubles et observée par une marge très étroite de rapports de concentration d'antigène et d'anticorps.  2, record 10, French, - r%C3%A9action%20de%20floculation

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Record 11,  Textual support,  English

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In vivo..., tumors seem to have evolved multiple means to evade... immune effector cells, a paradigm known as "immunologic escape. "Tumors can engineer such immune escape via a wide range of mechanisms, and the ability to interfere with numbers of antitumor immune cells and/or to subvert their function is considered to be a principal reason underlying the failure of the host to ultimately control tumor progression.  2, record 11, English, - antitumor%20immune%20cell

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Le manque d'oxygène dans une tumeur incite parfois des cellules malignes et même normales à sécréter des protéines qui suppriment l'activité des cellules immunitaires antitumorales.  2, record 11, French, - cellule%20immunitaire%20antitumorale

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Record 12,  Textual support,  English

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An enzyme immunoassay that requires a separation step involving solid-phase antibody or antigen, and usually a second enzyme-labeled antibody for identification of separated antigen-antibody complex.  3, record 12, English, - heterogeneous%20enzyme%20immunoassay

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These assays use the catalyzing properties of enzymes for the detection of immunologic reactions. Enzyme-labeled antibodies or antigens are reacted with ligand, and introduction of enzyme substrate with detection of catabolic products denotes the presence of an antigen-antibody reaction.  3, record 12, English, - heterogeneous%20enzyme%20immunoassay

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Record 13,  Textual support,  English

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Characterized by immunologic tolerance.  1, record 13, English, - immunotolerant

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

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Se dit d'un organisme qui tolère la présence d'un antigène sans tenter de l'éliminer. Il ne produit donc aucun anticorps dirigé contre celui-ci.  1, record 13, French, - immunotol%C3%A9rant

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Record 14,  Textual support,  English

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Pertaining to immunology.  2, record 14, English, - immunologic

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Qui se rapporte à l'immunologie.  2, record 14, French, - immunologique

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Ce terme est utilisé parfois à tort comme synonyme d'immunitaire.  2, record 14, French, - immunologique

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Relativo a la inmunología.  2, record 14, Spanish, - inmunol%C3%B3gico

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A condition characterized by cell-mediated or humoral immunologic response to antigens of ones’ own body.  2, record 15, English, - autoimmunity

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Diseases of autoimmune origin include myasthenia gravis, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus erythematous.  3, record 15, English, - autoimmunity

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

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État d'immunisation vis-à vis de certains de ses propres antigènes.  1, record 15, French, - auto%2Dimmunit%C3%A9

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Malfuncionamiento o respuesta inapropiada del sistema inmune, que provoca que el cuerpo se ataque a sí mismo porque algunas células del sistema inmunitario desconocen a otras células o proteínas del propio organismo produciendo anticuerpos que las destruyen.  1, record 15, Spanish, - autoinmunidad

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The sum total of functionally diverse B and T cells in ones circulation at any given moment.  2, record 16, English, - immunologic%20repertoire

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To allow recognition of many antigens, the immune system creates a large population of receptor molecules that differ in the primary sequence of their antigen-binding regions. This population is called the ‘immunologic repertoire’ and is formed by a process of diversification and selection quite different from the way other gene products are produced in our cells.  4, record 16, English, - immunologic%20repertoire

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This lymphocyte "homing" process disperses the immunologic repertoire, directs lymphocyte subsets to the specialized microenvironments that control their differentiation and regulate their survival, and targets immune effector cells to sites of antigenic or microbial invasion.  5, record 16, English, - immunologic%20repertoire

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

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Chaque lymphocyte porte des structures de reconnaissance ou sites récepteurs à l'antigène, tous identiques pour la même cellule, qui lui permettent d'identifier un motif chimique [...]. Le motif de l'antigène qui réagit avec ces sites récepteurs est dénommé déterminant antigénique. L'ensemble des sites de reconnaissance portés par les populations lymphocytaires définit le répertoire immunologique possédé par un organisme. On ne connaît pas exactement le nombre de possibilités de reconnaissance des lymphocytes ou le nombre de déterminants antigéniques.  1, record 16, French, - r%C3%A9pertoire%20immunologique

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Record 17,  Textual support,  English

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1, 3-dephosphatiglycerol, a phospholipid synthesized in mitochondria also abundant in bacterial cell membranes; it has immunologic properties and, when combined with lecithin and cholesterol, forms an antigen for use in flocculation and precipitation tests for syphilis.  1, record 17, English, - cardiolipin

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

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Lipide gras complexe présent dans les membranes bactériennes mais aussi dans la membrane mitochondriale interne et utilisé pour le diagnostic de la syphilis.  2, record 17, French, - cardiolipine

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Record 18,  Textual support,  English

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A cell surface molecules on cell of the immune system that specifically binds surface molecules or messenger molecules and trigger changes in the behavior of cells.  1, record 18, English, - immunological%20receptor

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Cells of the immune system expres s a wide variety of receptors, defined as immunoreceptors. These receptors are involved in antigen recognition, B and T lymphocytes express clonally distributed receptors which recognize soluble antigen for the B cell receptor (BcR) or peptide associated to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules for the T cell receptor (TcR).  3, record 18, English, - immunological%20receptor

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Although these receptors were first identified in the immune system, many have important functions elsewhere.  1, record 18, English, - immunological%20receptor

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Récepteur spécifique exprimé par les cellules immunocompétentes.  3, record 18, French, - r%C3%A9cepteur%20immunologique

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Signalisation et transport cellulaire des immunorécepteurs. Des récepteurs spécifiques exprimés par les cellules immunocompétentes reconnaissent les antigènes: l'immunoglobuline membranaire exprimée par les lymphocytes B (BcR) les reconnaît sous forme soluble; le récepteur de l'antigène des lymphocytes T (TcR) reconnaît le complexe peptide antigénique-CMH exprimé à la surface des cellules présentatrices.  2, record 18, French, - r%C3%A9cepteur%20immunologique

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Record 19,  Textual support,  English

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Term(s) taken from a Canadian laboratory-equipment company’s catalogue.  1, record 19, English, - immunologic%20reagent

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Terme(s) tiré(s) du catalogue d'une compagnie canadienne d'équipement de laboratoire.  1, record 19, French, - r%C3%A9actif%20immunologique

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Record 20,  Textual support,  English

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A transient, short-term immunologic reaction commonly seen following antibiotic treatment of early and later stages of syphilis and less often in other diseases, such as borreliosis, brucellosis, typhoid fever, and trichinellosis, which is manifested by fever, chills, headache, myalgias, and exacerbation of cutaneous lesions. The reaction has been attributed to liberation of endotoxin-like substances or of antigens from the killed or dying microorganisms, but its exact pathogenesis is unclear.  1, record 20, English, - Jarisch%2DHerxheimer%20reaction

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[...] chez les patients traités aux antibiotiques, on observe parfois une réaction de Jarisch-Herxheimer [...]  1, record 20, French, - r%C3%A9action%20d%27Herxheimer

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Record 21,  Textual support,  English

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The prevention or diminution of the immune response, as by irradiation or by administration of antimetabolites, antilymphocyte serum, or specific antibody.  3, record 21, English, - immunosuppression

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Immunosuppression... may reflect natural immunologic unresponsiveness(tolerance) [or] may be artificially induced by chemical, biological, or physical agents, or may be caused by disease.  3, record 21, English, - immunosuppression

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Diminution ou suppression des réponses immunitaires normales chez un individu.  3, record 21, French, - immunosuppression

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[Le] traitement dit immunosuppresseur, [vise] à réduire les risques de réactions de rejet. Cette immunosuppression préalable peut être réalisée par irradiation corporelle totale (conduisant à détruire toutes les cellules de la moelle du receveur, et donc celles de son système immunitaire) ou par traitement médicamenteux au moyen par exemple de sérum anti-lymphocytaire.  4, record 21, French, - immunosuppression

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

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Tratamiento que consiste en la administración de sustancias que alteran la capacidad del sistema inmunitario para combatir infecciones o enfermedades.  2, record 21, Spanish, - inmunosupresi%C3%B3n

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Puede ser de forma deliberada, como en la preparación de trasplantes, para evitar el rechazo por parte del huésped de los tejidos del donante; o de forma no intencionada, como resulta en el tratamiento de cáncer con quimioterapia.  2, record 21, Spanish, - inmunosupresi%C3%B3n

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Serum antibodies after vaccination with Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide and responses to reimmunization : no evidence of immunologic tolerance or memory.  1, record 22, English, - capsular%20polysaccharide

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

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L'immunité humorale, essentiellement due aux anticorps dirigés contre le polysaccharide capsulaire PRD, joue ici un rôle majeur. Le déficit de la réponse au PRP est fréquent, qu'il soit associé à un déficit immunitaire primitif ou secondaire ou qu'il soit isolé, et joue certainement un grand rôle dans la survenue d'infections invasives. La mise au point de vaccins PRP conjugués suscite aujourd'hui de grands espoirs.  1, record 22, French, - polysaccharide%20capsulaire

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Record 23,  Textual support,  English

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[The disorders] are associated with Epstein-Barr virus and monoclonal lymphoma with clonal cytogentic changes. Unlike other postallograft lymphoproliferative processes, B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders in these patients have not responded to antiviral therapy, immunologic therapy, or chemotherapy. The radiographic patterns of disease include diffuse or focal hepatic involvement; gallbladder wall thickening; and pulmonary, soft-tissue, and basal-ganglion masses. These radiologic findings are not specific and evaluation of tissue histology is required for diagnosis.  1, record 23, English, - monoclonal%20lymphoma

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[...] on considère comme lymphome primitif du poumon les proliférations lymphoïdes monoclonales sans atteinte extra-pulmonaire ou avec une atteinte très limitée exclusivement histologique [...]  2, record 23, French, - lymphome%20%C3%A0%20cellules%20monoclonales

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Record 24,  Textual support,  English

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Reaction of identity. A qualitative demonstration that two reactants have identical immunologic specificity. Symmetrical precipitin lines form and meet precisely at a point when the materials are placed equidistant from one another and from a single, specific antibody in a double immuno-diffusion plate.... In a reaction of nonidentity, the precipitin lines are asymmetrical in location and intensity, and cross one another at an unpredictable intersection.  1, record 24, English, - reaction%20of%20nonidentity

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

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Immunodiffusion sur plaques (Ouchterlony). - [...] Si, au contraire (de la réaction d'identité), deux solutions antigéniques différentes sont disposées dans deux puits adjacents, les traits de précipitation vont se couper. C'est la réaction de non-identité.  1, record 24, French, - r%C3%A9action%20de%20non%2Didentit%C3%A9

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Record 25,  Textual support,  English

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The theory that the immune system is continuously monitoring for the presence of deviant host cells, which it identifies as foreign and destroys.  1, record 25, English, - immunologic%20surveillance

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Concept selon lequel il existerait des cellules (cellules T, cellules NK) assurant de façon continue l'élimination des cellules anormales issues de mutation somatiques ou de transformations malignes.  2, record 25, French, - immunosurveillance

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Record 26,  Textual support,  English

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Sufficiently alike genetically to be antigenically similar.  3, record 26, English, - syngeneic

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Syngeneic grafts between members of an inbred strain.  3, record 26, English, - syngeneic

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In immunology, homologous, especially when the species to which the individual belongs from which the substance is obtained is inbred, or when the substance is obtained from an identical twin : used especially of serum, tissue, cells, etc., under immunologic study. Compare to allogeneic.  2, record 26, English, - syngeneic

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

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Qualifie tous les individus génétiquement identiques (par exemple jumeaux monozygotes) et chez l'animal les individus qui, par croisements consanguins successifs, forment des souches pures (en anglais «inbred strains») dont le patrimoine génétique est pratiquement semblable et qui ne rejettent plus les greffes réalisées entre eux.  2, record 26, French, - syng%C3%A9nique

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Record 27,  Textual support,  English

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The condition [or disease] that results when the immune cells of a transplant (usually of bone marrow) from a donor attack the tissues of the person receiving the transplant.  2, record 27, English, - graft%20versus%20host%20disease

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In 1955, Barnes and Loutit first described graft versus host disease(GVHD) in mice. Simonsen introduced the term graft-versus-host reaction in 1958 to describe the direction of the immunological damage caused by introduction of immunologically competent cells into an immunocompromised host. In 1966, Billingham proposed 3 conditions required for the development of GVHD, as follows :(1) the graft must contain immunologically competent cells,(2) the host must possess important transplant alloantigens that are lacking in the donor graft so that the host appears foreign to the graft, and(3) the host itself must be incapable of mounting an effective immunological reaction against the graft. According to the accepted definition, the immunologic assault itself and its consequences are referred to as GVHD.  3, record 27, English, - graft%20versus%20host%20disease

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La principale complication, en cas d'allogreffe, est la maladie du greffon contre l'hôte. [...] Il s'agit d'une réaction immunitaire des cellules du greffon contre les organes du receveur. Cette réaction peut être aiguë, dans les trois premiers mois suivant la greffe, ou chronique et constituer une vraie maladie.  2, record 27, French, - maladie%20du%20greffon%20contre%20l%27h%C3%B4te

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Ne pas confondre avec : réaction du greffon contre l'hôte.  3, record 27, French, - maladie%20du%20greffon%20contre%20l%27h%C3%B4te

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Record 28,  Textual support,  English

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An encounter with a foreign pathogen or antigen stimulates naive T lymphocyte activation and the generation of immunologic memory. The T cells which are responsible for immunologic memory differ, both phenotypically and functionally, from naive T cells. Of interest is the observation that aging is associated with an enhanced level of memory T cells, suggesting that the qualitative T cell response differs in the elderly. Further, differences in the proportion of memory to naive T cells may be responsible for immune dysfunction and autoimmunity associated with the aging process. In general, the goal of our research is to characterize the differences between antigenically naive(virgin) and memory T helper cells at the developmental, phenotypic, and functional levels  1, record 28, English, - naive%20T%20lymphocyte

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

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Pour être efficace, la réponse immunitaire doit être adaptée à chaque type d'infection. De ce fait, les lymphocytes T naïfs peuvent se différencier, en fonction des besoins, soit en lymphocytes auxiliaires de type Th1, soit en Th2.  1, record 28, French, - lymphocyte%20T%20naif

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Record 29,  Textual support,  English

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A qualitative demonstration that two reactants have identical immunologic specificity. Symmetrical precipitin lines form and meet precisely at a point when the materials are placed equidistant from one another and from a single, specific antibody in a double immuno-diffusion plate.  1, record 29, English, - reaction%20of%20identity

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Immunodiffusion sur plaques (Outchterlony).-[...] Lorsqu'une préparation d'antigène est introduite simultanément dans deux puits adjacents, les traits de précipitation vont se rejoindre et fusionner si les deux puits contenant l'antigène ne sont pas trop éloignés. C'est la réaction d'identité.  1, record 29, French, - r%C3%A9action%20d%27identit%C3%A9

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any immunologic procedure in which a labeled indicator is added to the specifically reacting antigen and antibody. Most often it is a solid-phase immunosorbent procedure in which the labeled reactant is immunologically similar to the immobilized reactant, thereby sandwiching the material under test between layers of known reactants. Indirect fluorescent antibody techniques are also sandwich techniques.  1, record 30, English, - sandwich%20technique

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Techniques d'immunofluorescence. [...] Technique en sandwich : technique utilisée pour identifier la présence d'un anticorps dans des tissus. L'antigène est incubé avec le tissu et sa fixation est révélée par un antisérum marqué spécifique de cet antigène.  2, record 30, French, - technique%20en%20sandwich

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[...] la détection de l'antigène HBs repose sur une technique radio-immunologique utilisant le principe du «sandwich» dans lequel les anticorps anti-HBs sont fixés sur un support solide. Le sérum ou le plasma à tester est ajouté au milieu de réaction et, en cas de positivité, les antigènes se fixent sur les anticorps.  3, record 30, French, - technique%20en%20sandwich

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Pluriel : des sandwichs; des sandwiches.  4, record 30, French, - technique%20en%20sandwich

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 2 OBS

sandwichs (pl.) : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2006).  5, record 30, French, - technique%20en%20sandwich

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Capable of inducing immunologic tolerance.  1, record 31, English, - tolerogenic

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Qui induit une tolérance.  1, record 31, French, - tol%C3%A9rog%C3%A9nique

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Certains antigènes peuvent se présenter sous deux formes, l'une «immunogénique» qui induit une immunité, l'autre «tolérogénique» qui induit une tolérance : l'injection de la forme tolérogénique induit une tolérance vis-à-vis d'injections ultérieures de la forme immunogénique. L'exemple le plus classique d'immunogène et de tolérogène est celui des gammaglobulines, qui sont immunogéniques sous leur forme agrégée et tolérogénique sous leur forme soluble.  1, record 31, French, - tol%C3%A9rog%C3%A9nique

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Any of a] group of rare congenital disorders characterized by impairment of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity, leukopenia, and low or absent antibody levels.  1, record 32, English, - severe%20combined%20immunologic%20deficiency

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It is inherited as an X-linked or autosomal recessive defect.  1, record 32, English, - severe%20combined%20immunologic%20deficiency

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

l'immunodéficience combinée sévère humaine (SCID-X1), [est] une maladie héréditaire pouvant être létale touchant le chromosome X.  1, record 32, French, - Immunod%C3%A9ficience%20combin%C3%A9e%20grave

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 2 CONT

L'immunodéficience combinée sévère (DICS X1) liée au chromosome X, maladie héréditaire rare [...] ne frappe que les garçons. Caractérisée par l'absence totale de cellules de défense, elle laisse le malade à la merci de la moindre infection, provoquant sa mort en l'absence de greffe de moelle osseuse ou de l'abri en chambre stérile.  2, record 32, French, - Immunod%C3%A9ficience%20combin%C3%A9e%20grave

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A formulation for presenting an antigen to induce specific immunologic responses.  1, record 33, English, - immunostimulating%20complex

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

ISCOM [immunostimulating complex] consists of an assembly of antigens in multimeric form. The assembly is attached to a matrix with a built-in adjuvant, saponin. ISCOMs induce strong serum antibody responses, and are used as highly immunogenic forms of subunit vaccines.  1, record 33, English, - immunostimulating%20complex

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'ISCOM n'est pas seulement un véhicule pour les antigènes vaccinants; il comporte aussi un adjuvant incorporé qui active la stimulation immunitaire ce qui pourrait expliquer que l'ISCOM induise une réponse immunitaire forte et durable.  2, record 33, French, - complexe%20immunostimulant

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fragmento de proteína cuya presentación, con el uso de sustancias adyuvantes, aumenta la capacidad de los péptidos sintéticos para estimular la producción de anticuerpos.  1, record 33, Spanish, - complejo%20Iscom

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

El término "Iscom", del inglés "immunostimulating complex" ha de escribirse en minúsculas, dado que la RAE señala que se escriben en minúsculas las siglas y los acrónimos que con el uso se han convertido en nombres comunes, por ejemplo: láser, sida, radar y talgo.  2, record 33, Spanish, - complejo%20Iscom

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Increase growth and survival of allogenic organ or tumour transplants in a host which has antibody to the organ graft or tumour.  3, record 34, English, - immunologic%20enhancement

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Enhancement is attributed to the presence of antibodies to class 2 MHC antigens on potential antigen-presenting cells within the graft, thereby inhibiting effective antigen presentation.  3, record 34, English, - immunologic%20enhancement

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Phénomène par lequel un anticorps dit «facilitant» protège l'antigène correspondant et l'intégrité des structures cytologiques qui le portent, en empêchant cet antigène d'induire ou de subir une réaction immunitaire de rejet.  2, record 34, French, - facilitation

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Erythema multiforme is an immunologic reaction in the skin and mucous membranes often mediated by circulating immune complexes that evolve in response to a number of antigenic stimulae(infections, drugs, connective tissue disease). As the name implies, the skin reaction is characterized by a variety of lesions, namely, erythematous plaques, blisters, and target or bull' s-eye lesions. The mucous membranes of the mouth and eye may also be involved, and this is referred to as Stevens-Johnson syndrome.  1, record 35, English, - Stevens%2DJohnson%20syndrome

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Forme grave d'érythème polymorphe caractérisée par des lésions cutanées maculo-vésiculeuses ou bulleuses, avec atteinte simultanée des muqueuses (conjonctivite, stomatite, urétrite) et symptômes généraux (fièvre, anorexie).  3, record 35, French, - syndrome%20de%20Stevens%2DJohnson

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Forma de eritema multiforme que puede ser muy severo [...] y que se caracteriza por conjuntivitis que puede terminar en ceguera y por ulceraciones en los genitales y el ano.  1, record 35, Spanish, - s%C3%ADndrome%20de%20Stevens%20Johnson

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A cellular immunodeficiency characterized by persistent Candida infection of the mucous membranes, scalp, skin, and nails, and often associated with an endocrinopathy, particularly hypothyroidism.... The characteristic immunologic findings are cutaneous anergy to Candida, absent proliferative responses to Candida antigen(but with normal proliferative responses to mitogens), and good antibody responses to Candida and other antigens.  1, record 36, English, - chronic%20mucocutaneous%20candidiasis

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Immunodéficience cellulaire T caractérisée par une infection persistante à Candida des muqueuses, du cuir chevelu, de la peau et des ongles, souvent associée à une endocrinopathie, en particulier une hypothyroïdie. [...] Les signes immunologiques caractéristiques sont l'anergie cutanée à Candida, l'absence de réponses prolifératives à l'antigène Candida (mais avec réponses prolifératives normales aux autres mitogènes) et des réponses anticorps correctes à Candida et aux autres antigènes.  1, record 36, French, - candidose%20cutan%C3%A9omuqueuse%20chronique

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The ability or capacity to develop an immune response (i.e., antibody production and/or cell-mediated immunity) following exposure to antigen.  2, record 37, English, - immunocompetence

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Related term: immune competence.  3, record 37, English, - immunocompetence

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Aptitude du système immunitaire à se défendre en présence d'un antigène.  3, record 37, French, - comp%C3%A9tence%20immunitaire

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Capacidad del organismo para responder inmunológicamente a la presencia de antígenos.  2, record 37, Spanish, - inmunocompetencia

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Adjustment of the immune response to a desired level, as in immunopotentiation, immunosuppression, or induction of immunologic tolerance.  2, record 38, English, - immunomodulation

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Immunomodulation was first established as a potential means of treating cancer in studies utilizing Bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG). Success in these early experiments, which depended on the use of living bacilli, prompted the search for immunomodulators that did not pose the risk associated with living (albeit attenuated) bacteria ...  3, record 38, English, - immunomodulation

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Régulation des moyens de défense de l'organisme par sollicitation différenciée du système immunologique.  2, record 38, French, - immunomodulation

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Les] molécules [de synthèse], de tous petits glycopeptides, formés d'un sucre et de deux acides aminés légèrement modifiés constituent l'une des clés de ce nouveau chapitre de la biologie qu'est l'immunomodulation: entendez la régulation subtile en plus ou en moins, selon les besoins de l'organisme ou de la médecine, du système de défense.  3, record 38, French, - immunomodulation

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The process by which immunocompetent cells respond to specific antigen and undergo functional changes, including the combination of the antigen with a cell-surface receptor and activation of cellular function.  1, record 39, English, - immunologic%20recognition

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Selon la conception actuelle, le récepteur T reconnaît l'antigène au niveau de la membrane des cellules présentatrices de l'antigène en association avec les molécules HLA de classe II(DR ou DQ, ceci n'étant pas encore démontré pour DP). Les molécules CD3 et les molécules CD4 interviennent dans ces phénomènes complexes.  2, record 39, French, - reconnaissance%20de%20l%27antig%C3%A8ne

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A delayed immunologic type of photosensitivity involving a chemical substance to which the individual has become previously sensitized and radiant energy.  1, record 40, English, - photoallergy

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réaction photo-immunologique atteignant des sujets préalablement sensibilisés survenant pour des doses faibles de substance photosensibilisante et des doses très faibles d'UV, se traduisant par un eczéma des régions découvertes.  1, record 40, French, - photoallergie

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Several staging systems for HIV infection, in addition to those by the CDC and WHO... have been devised to assess prognosis, to define study groups, and to determine the selection, timing, and appropriateness of treatments. The systems define progressive stages from asymptomatic HIV infection through AIDS via laboratory testing for immunologic competence and via specific clinical signs. The Walter Reed Staging Classification(WRSC) has five stages based upon appearance of lymphadenopathy, progressive depletion of CD4+ T-lymphocytes, appearance of skin test anergy, and presence of oral thrush.  1, record 41, English, - Walter%20Reed%20staging%20classification

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La classification de l'Institut Walter-Reed permet de répartir les malades infectés par le VIH en différents groupes. Elle est fondée sur le nombre des lymphocytes T4, l'existence d'un syndrome lymphadénopathique, les résultats de différents tests cutanés d'hypersensibilité, la présence ou non de muguet et d'infections opportunistes.  2, record 41, French, - classification%20de%20l%27Institut%20Walter%2DReed

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An immunologic deficiency state characterized by selective deficiencies of one or more, but not all, classes of immunoglobulins.  1, record 42, English, - dysgammaglobulinemia

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Déficit en IgG et IgA avec taux d'IgM normal ou augmenté. Le déficit immunitaire est rare et transmis selon le mode récessif lié au sexe. Il est encore dénommé dysgammaglobulinémie de type I.  1, record 42, French, - dysgammaglobulin%C3%A9mie

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Selon certains auteurs, le terme dysgammaglobulinémie serait impropre et il faudrait le remplacer par le terme déficit dissocié en immunoglobulines.  2, record 42, French, - dysgammaglobulin%C3%A9mie

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

As the fetus grows in the uterus, it works out a relationship of immunologic compatibility with the mother, for the fetus is 50% genetic material from the father, and the natural reaction of the mother's immune system is to reject it, just as the body will tend to reject an organ transplant.  2, record 43, English, - immunological%20compatibility

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans le cas où le nombre des organes à disposition est insuffisant pour répondre aux besoins des receveurs médicalement aptes, il y a une tendance à choisir d'autres critères de sélection qui ne sont pas toujours objectifs [...]. Il n'y a pas lieu de favoriser des receveurs locaux lorsqu'il y a ailleurs un receveur mieux adapté du point de vue des critères médicaux (notamment de la compatibilité immunologique).  1, record 43, French, - compatibilit%C3%A9%20immunologique

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The brain's stress system-a complex of neuronal, hormonal and immunologic responses-comes into play when some stress provokes the brain, causing its hypothalamic centers to secrete corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH).  1, record 44, English, - brain%20stress%20system

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le système de stress du cerveau orchestre un ensemble complexe de réactions nerveuses, hormonales et immunitaires dès qu'un stress aboutit au cerveau, et fait sécréter par l'hypothalamus l'hormone qui libère la corticotropine (CRH).  1, record 44, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20de%20stress%20du%20cerveau

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The concept of immunologic surveillance was proposed as a paradigm by Burnet3 in 1970 to explain the spontaneous growth of cancer in a normal host. He proposed that the immune system had the capacity of detecting non-self from self as a general principle. When non-self was detected, the immune systems reacted with a variety of effectors, whose responsibility was to destroy the invading organisms. This understanding was found to be essentially correct when applied to invading organisms such as bacteria, pleuropneumonia-like organisms and viruses. The major cell type of the immune system whose responsibility it was to make the self-nonself determination were T cells.  2, record 45, English, - non%2Dself

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La distinction entre les notions de soi et de non-soi se comprend aisément lorsque l'on considère un antigène dont le caractère "étranger" à l'organisme s'impose d'évidence. Une bactérie, un virus, une toxine de serpent sont, bien entendu, des antigènes étrangers au système immunitaire de l'homme ou de la souris. On notera toutefois qu'une substance n'a nullement besoin d'être pathogène pour stimuler le système immunitaire; il suffit qu'elle soit étrangère à l'organisme chez lequel elle pénètre.  2, record 45, French, - non%2Dsoi

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le soi est identifié de manière fonctionnelle comme les déterminants antigéniques potentiels d'un sujet qui ne sont pas reconnus efficacement par son système immunitaire. Le non-soi est l'état symétrique.  3, record 45, French, - non%2Dsoi

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

It has previously been observed by others that murine orthotopic liver transplantation results in a high frequency of spontaneous immunologic tolerance to donor antigens. Other studies have demonstrated the tolerizing effect of introduction of alloantigen via the portal circulation(portal venous tolerance).  1, record 46, English, - spontaneous%20immunologic%20tolerance

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On pourrait administrer d'autres agents immunosuppresseurs, mais le mieux serait de s'affranchir d'un tel traitement et de forcer l'organisme à accepter des tissus animaux sans traitement adjuvant. Aujourd'hui, cette situation semble inaccessible, bien que l'on ait observé une tolérance immunologique spontanée chez quelques personnes qui avaient reçu des organes humains.  1, record 46, French, - tol%C3%A9rance%20immunologique%20spontan%C3%A9e

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Marrow Colony Assay is designed to quantitate the frequency of progenitor cells(BFU-E and CFU-GM) in the marrow and to determine if BFU-E and CFU-GM mature appropriately under optimal conditions in culture. This assay may help discriminate pure red cell aplasia that results from an immunologic process(where BFU-E growth is normal in culture) from pure red cell aplasia secondary to myelodysplasia(where BFU-E growth is low or absent).  3, record 47, English, - burst%2Dforming%20unit%20erythrocyte

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A l'origine, ces facteurs de croissance ont été introduits en pratique clinique afin de corriger ou de limiter les cytopénies induites par les chimiothérapies. Il a cependant été rapidement constaté qu'ils étaient aussi capables d'augmenter la concentration des progéniteurs circulants de tous types, comme les [CFU-GM], les BFU-E (burst-forming unit erythrocytes), les [CFU-GEMM].,ou le LTC-IC.  3, record 47, French, - unit%C3%A9%20de%20formation%20rapide%20des%20%C3%A9rythrocytes

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Utilisé en thérapie cellulaire.  4, record 47, French, - unit%C3%A9%20de%20formation%20rapide%20des%20%C3%A9rythrocytes

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Réactifs immunologiques pour la détection de l'hépatite virale et en tant qu'agents thérapeutiques.  3, record 48, French, - immunor%C3%A9actif

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Penicillin produces immunologic response, as do most drug antigens, in almost all treated patients. However, only a small proportion of patients develop adverse symptoms or signs due to this immunologic reaction. The drug and its metabolites are small molecules and thus are haptens which must bind to protein before they will induce an immunologic response. The major metabolic product is the penicilloyl group, referred to as the major determinant.  1, record 49, English, - major%20determinant

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] plusieurs produits de dégradation de la pénicilline G donnent lieu à des complexes haptènes-protéines distincts, notamment l'acide benzylpénicillénique, l'acide benzylpénicilloïque (BPO) et l'acide benzylpénamaldique. Chez l'homme, c'est le groupe BPO qui est le déterminant hapténique majeur.  1, record 49, French, - d%C3%A9terminant%20hapt%C3%A9nique%20majeur

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[...] les déterminants reconnus comme majeurs (ou immunodominants) seraient ceux ayant la plus grande mobilité (ce qui est d'ailleurs le cas des déterminants les plus exposés à la surface de la molécule). (J.-F. Bach, P. Lesavre. Op, cit., p. 42).  2, record 49, French, - d%C3%A9terminant%20hapt%C3%A9nique%20majeur

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Immunologic disorders of platelets are similar to those described for immunohemolytic anemias in which antiplatelet antibodies play a major role in several clinical disorders such as : acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, post-transfusion purpura, isoimmune neonatal thrombocy-topenia, and drug-induced thrombocytopenia.  1, record 50, English, - antiplatelet%20antibody

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Autoantibodies to platelets are seen in up to 70 % of cases of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura ....  2, record 50, English, - antiplatelet%20antibody

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Des anticorps antiplaquettaires peuvent également être retrouvés (par agglutination ou mieux par test de Dixon). Ils peuvent provoquer une thrombopénie et un purpura. (...) Purpuras (...) dus à la destruction des plaquettes sanguines par des autoanticorps antiplaquettes (...)  1, record 50, French, - anticorps%20antiplaquettaire

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Les anticorps anti-plaquettes sont des anticorps dirigés contre les antigènes des plaquettes.  3, record 50, French, - anticorps%20antiplaquettaire

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 2 CONT

(Les) purpuras thrombopéniques idiopathiques sont dus à la destruction des plaquettes sanguines par des autoanticorps antiplaquettes.  2, record 50, French, - anticorps%20antiplaquettaire

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  English

Record 52,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Voir source pour contexte.  2, record 52, French, - d%C3%A9s%C3%A9quilibre%20immunologique

Record 52,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 53,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 CONT

a mononuclear cell in lymphoid tissue which ultimately is concerned with humoral or cellular immunologic reactivity.  1, record 53, English, - lymphoid%20cell

Record 53,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 CONT

dans un individu [...] les cellules lymphoïdes elles-mêmes sont sensibilisées à l'antigène en question.  1, record 53, French, - cellule%20lympho%C3%AFde

Record 53,  Textual support,  Spanish