TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The standard definition of "direct proof" is one which is derived only from axioms using only rules of inference except for such rules of inference as are "indirect, "in particular the explicit or implicit rules that allow "reductio ab absurdum"("reduction to absurdity. ")  2, record 1, English, - deductive%20proof

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Brown et al.(1982) reflect on the use of quantitative simulation for making inferences and see it as a double-edged sword. On the one hand, the simulation provides a lot of leverage to the inference process, because large amounts of knowledge are encoded in the model and brought to bear via the simulation. On the other hand, this embedded knowledge is often based on implicit assumptions and empirical decisions on the part of the model' s designers, which may be very subtle. For instance, the formulas used to run the simulation may only be valid for certain classes of inputs. If these assumptions are not made "explicit and checkable", they can easily be violated when the simulation involves faults. For teaching purposes, the main drawback of quantitative simulation is its inability to give a full account of the causality underlying its inferences. Causality is pedagogically important because it is the main ingredient of the kinds of explanations human students can understand. In a troubleshooting context, causality, more than information content, drives the diagnostic reasoning and the decision to perform measurements.  1, record 2, English, - quantitative%20simulation

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Voir simulateur quantitatif. Comparer à simulation qualitative.  1, record 2, French, - simulation%20quantitative

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Inference that underlies the more mundane processes of intuitive judgment and the comprehension of discourse and that is rapid, effortless, and outside conscious awareness.  1, record 3, English, - implicit%20inference

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish