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INDIRECT EVIDENCE [11 records]

Record 1 2025-09-24

English

Subject field(s)
  • Citizenship and Immigration
OBS

... application to vacate a decision granting refugee status ...

OBS

... First, the RPD [Refugee Protection Division] must find that the decision granting refugee protection was obtained as a result of a direct or indirect misrepresentation, or a withholding of material facts relating to a relevant matter; and second, the RPD should consider whether there remains sufficient evidence that was considered at the time of the positive determination to justify refugee protection and, if so, the RPD may reject the application to vacate, notwithstanding the misrepresentation.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Citoyenneté et immigration
OBS

[...] demande visant à faire annuler une décision ayant accordé le statut de réfugié [...]

OBS

[...] premièrement, la SPR [Section de la protection des réfugiés] doit conclure que la décision ayant accordé l'asile résultait de présentations erronées directes ou indirectes sur un fait important quant à un objet pertinent, ou d'une réticence sur ce fait; deuxièmement, la SPR doit examiner s'il reste suffisamment d'éléments de preuve, parmi ceux pris en compte lors de l'examen favorable à la demande d'asile, pour justifier l'asile et, dans l'affirmative, si la SPR peut rejeter la demande d'annulation, malgré les présentations erronées.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Ciudadanía e inmigración
OBS

La revocación sucede cuando el Estado receptor observa que el asilo se otorgó por razones indebidas. La cesación, en cambio, puede producirse cuando el asilado renuncia al asilo volviendo al país de origen, acogiéndose a la protección de otro Estado o cuando las razones que justificaban el asilo desaparecen.

OBS

solicitud de revocación del asilo: Términología en español utilizada por la Comisión de Inmigración y Refugiados de Canadá (CIR).

Save record 1

Record 2 2013-11-12

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Law of Evidence
DEF

Proof of certain facts and circumstances in a given case, from which (trier of fact) may infer other connected facts which usually and reasonably follow according to the common experience of mankind. (Black’s, p. 221)

CONT

circumstantial evidence: The characterization of evidence as "direct" or "circumstantial" points to the kind of inference which is sought to be drawn from the evidence to the truth of the proposition for which it is offered. (If) the inference sought is merely from the fact that the witness made the statement, and the assumption that witnesses are worthy of belief, to the truth of the asserted fact, (t)his is direct evidence. When, however, the evidence is offered also for some further proposition based upon some inference to the truth of the fact asserted, then the evidence is circumstantial evidence of this further fact-to-be-inferred. (McCormick, p. 435)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit de la preuve
OBS

preuve circonstancielle; preuve indirecte : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 2

Record 3 2013-08-27

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Law of Evidence
DEF

Facts in evidence that are so convincing as to support findings of fact but that are not absolutely beyond contradiction.

OBS

Indirect evidence is conclusive, when the existence of the fact in issue follows either by a necessary consequence of the laws of nature or from a rule of law.(Jowitt's p. 729)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit de la preuve
OBS

preuve concluante : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 3

Record 4 2012-05-18

English

Subject field(s)
  • Paleontology
CONT

Trace fossils are those details preserved in rocks that are indirect evidence of life.... Trace fossils include burrows, track marks, coprolites(fossilized feces), stromatolites(fossilized algal mounds), and rhizoliths or rhizocretions(fossil remains of roots).

OBS

The study of trace remains is called ichnoloty ... Another name form trace fossils is ichnofossils, taken from the Greek word ichnos, meaning "trace".

OBS

trace fossil: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Paléontologie
DEF

Trace des activités locomotrices (pistes) ou alimentaires (déjections) laissée dans un sédiment par un animal fossile.

CONT

Parmi les traces d'activité biologique, les coprolithes ou excréments fossiles, sont particulièrement intéressants. [...] Les pistes et les traces de pas sont peut-être les plus émouvants des fossiles, signes fragiles d'une activité vitale fugace [...]

OBS

ichnofossile : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.

Spanish

Save record 4

Record 5 2012-04-04

English

Subject field(s)
  • Market Prices
  • Law of Evidence
CONT

However, since direct evidence may be difficult to obtain, it is also possible to measure substitutability and thereby infer price sensitivity through indirect means.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Prix (Commercialisation)
  • Droit de la preuve
CONT

Toutefois, comme il peut être difficile d'obtenir une preuve directe, on peut aussi mesurer le caractère substitutif et, de cette façon, induire la sensibilité aux prix par des moyens indirects.

Spanish

Save record 5

Record 6 2012-03-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • Law of Evidence
  • Rules of Court
CONT

These data support indirect evidence from case analyses and family studies which were published before, and indicate that the T gamma chain is an allele of the A gamma which should be renamed the A gamma T chain.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit de la preuve
  • Règles de procédure

Spanish

Save record 6

Record 7 2012-03-01

English

Subject field(s)
  • Climate Change
DEF

Any material that provides an indirect climate measure and includes documentary evidence of harvest dates, glacier movements, tree remains, marine microfaune, and isotope measurements including oxygen 18 in ice sheets, carbon 13 in tree rings, and CaCO3 in sediments and speleothems.

CONT

Paleoclimate studies using AMS [Accelerator Mass Spectrometry] radiocarbon ... During the past several years, AMS measurements have increasingly supplanted the traditional counting method of dating since they offer greatly increased sensitivity (sub-milligram samples can be dated) and, in many instances, greater accuracy; they are also very much faster. However, the typical "bulk carbon" sample preparation techniques used for both AMS and ... counting leave unanswered the question of just what is being dated, a grave disadvantage in palynological and other paleoclimate studies. In contrast, the extraction procedures that have been developed here typically produce purified pollen samples which can be clearly identified under the microscope; thus, an unambiguous proxy climate indicator -pollen- is dated, and nothing else.

OBS

There are 3 main problems in using proxy data: dating, lag and response time, and meteorological interpretation.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Changements climatiques
OBS

Le déterminant «substitutif» et le terme «substitution» sont surtout utilisés en statistique.

Spanish

Save record 7

Record 8 2008-04-24

English

Subject field(s)
  • Trade
  • Restrictive Practices (Law)
  • Commercial and Other Bodies (Law)
CONT

Indirect evidence of substitutability consists, broadly speaking, of evidence about the characteristics of the product and its buyers. Exactly which characteristics must be considered varies from case to case.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Commerce
  • Pratiques restrictives (Droit)
  • Organismes commerciaux ou non (Droit)
CONT

La preuve indirecte de la substituabilité se fonde, en général, sur les caractéristiques du produit et de ses acheteurs. Les caractéristiques à prendre en compte varient d'un cas à l'autre.

Spanish

Save record 8

Record 9 1997-07-10

English

Subject field(s)
  • Climate Change
  • Environmental Studies and Analyses
CONT

While the whole of the Holocene was a time of warmth relative to the previous 60-70, 000 years, global climate was far from static during this period. Many warming and cooling episodes occurred on the 100-year timescale. Because these events are only observable through indirect or proxy evidence, which is both local and often poorly dated, we do not know how global mean climate changed.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Changements climatiques
  • Études et analyses environnementales
DEF

En climatologie, preuve ou démonstration d'une réalité, d'un fait en faisant appel à des indicateurs et non à des observations directes.

OBS

L'indicateur permet d'obtenir, généralement par déduction, des données sur des phénomènes climatiques qui, dans la pratique, ne peuvent être, ou ne peuvent plus être, mesurés directement; les connaissances actuelles du phénomène de réchauffement climatique, les restitutions climatiques particulièrement, reposent en grande partie, à cause des lacunes importantes dans les données nécessaires pour une compréhension globale de ce phénomène, sur des mesures indirectes fournies par des indicateurs (par ex. les cernes de croissance des arbres fournissent des données indirectes sur la quantité de précipitations avant les premières observations par instrument.

Spanish

Save record 9

Record 10 1993-04-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • Auditing (Accounting)
  • Government Accounting
OBS

Refers to audit information and source documents.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Vérification (Comptabilité)
  • Comptabilité publique
OBS

S'applique à l'information et aux preuves documentaires utilisées par le vérificateur.

Spanish

Save record 10

Record 11 1985-10-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Environmental Studies and Analyses
  • Air Pollution
CONT

In addition, two possible indirect effects of acid deposition have been reported : the contamination of edible fish by toxic metals, principally mercury; and the leaching of watersheds and corrosion of water storage and distribution systems, which have caused elevated levels of toxic elements in drinking water supplies. There is evidence of altered groundwater chemistry from southern Sweden, from parts of Ontario, Canada, and from the Adirondack region of New York State.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Études et analyses environnementales
  • Pollution de l'air

Spanish

Save record 11

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