TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The use of air, gas, or a heavy liquid injected into the vitreous humour to exert pressure on the retina during eye surgery.  3, record 1, English, - intraocular%20tamponade

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Purpose of intraocular tamponade. ... In the context of RD [retinal detachment] surgery, tamponade agents are used to provide surface tension across retinal breaks, which prevents further fluid flow into the subretinal space until the retinopexy (photocoagulation or cryopexy) provides a permanent seal. ... Gases and silicone oils are the most commonly used classes of tamponade agents.  4, record 1, English, - intraocular%20tamponade

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Injection de l'air, de gaz ou d'un liquide dense dans le corps vitré de l'œil afin d'exercer une pression sur la rétine lors d'une chirurgie oculaire.  3, record 1, French, - tamponnement%20intraoculaire

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le tamponnement interne constitue le dernier temps chirurgical. En cas de rétine souple sans signes de PVR [prolifération vitréorétinienne], on privilégie un gaz à courte durée de tamponnement comme l'air ou le SF6 [hexafluorure de soufre] à 26 % qui se résorbe totalement en 18 jours.  4, record 1, French, - tamponnement%20intraoculaire

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Surgical removal of all or part of the vitreous humor.  2, record 2, English, - vitrectomy

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Vitrectomy is a surgical procedure undertaken by a specialist where the vitreous humor gel that fills the eye cavity is removed to provide better access to the retina. This allows for a variety of repairs, including the removal of scar tissue, laser repair of retinal detachments and treatment of macular holes. Once surgery is complete, saline, a gas bubble or silicone oil may be injected into the vitreous gel to help hold the retina in position.  3, record 2, English, - vitrectomy

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Opération de microchirurgie oculaire qui consiste à retirer le corps vitré situé derrière le cristallin.  2, record 2, French, - vitrectomie

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procedimiento [quirúrgico] a través del cual se accede a la cavidad vítrea [...] a fin de retirar la totalidad o parte del humor vítreo [...]  1, record 2, Spanish, - vitrectom%C3%ADa

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

RNG is natural gas produced from organic waste from farms, forests, landfills, and water treatment plants. The gas is captured, cleaned, and injected in pipelines to be used in the same way as natural gas by homes, businesses, institutions, and industry.  2, record 3, English, - renewable%20natural%20gas

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Natural gas (NG) utilities are looking to decarbonize the NG grid by introducing both renewable natural gas (RNG) and hydrogen as alternative low-carbon chemical fuels.  3, record 3, English, - renewable%20natural%20gas

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le GNR est un gaz naturel produit à partir de déchets organiques provenant de fermes, de forêts, des décharges et des usines de traitement de l'eau. Le gaz est capturé, nettoyé et injecté dans les pipelines afin d'être utilisé de la même façon que le gaz naturel par les foyers, les entreprises, les institutions et les industries.  2, record 3, French, - gaz%20naturel%20renouvelable

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Sand, water and lubricating chemicals are mixed in a slurry blender, then injected into a well at pressures high enough to make cracks form in the surrounding rock, releasing the gas or oil trapped within its pores.  3, record 4, English, - slurry%20blender

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any method by which an essentially depleted reservoir is restored to a producing status by the injection of liquids or gases into the reservoir from extraneous sources. This effects restoration of reservoir energy, which moves the formerly unrecoverable secondary reserves through the reservoir to the wellbore.  3, record 5, English, - secondary%20recovery

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Secondary recovery of oil. When a large part of the crude oil cannot be recovered simply by allowing the original reservoir pressure to furnish the driving energy, a method for supplying extra energy must be found. Usually, an injected fluid such as water or gas replaces the produced oil and thus maintains the reservoir pressure. When this procedure substantially increases the potential production of oil, it is called secondary recovery.  4, record 5, English, - secondary%20recovery

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Secondary Recovery. Secondary recovery methods are used to obtain additional oil from wells that have ceased to produce at an economical rate.  5, record 5, English, - secondary%20recovery

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Water drive or flooding is a secondary recovery method that is used extensively to force the oil to flow to the producing wells.  5, record 5, English, - secondary%20recovery

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

secondary recovery: term standardized by ISO.  6, record 5, English, - secondary%20recovery

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé mis en œuvre après la phase de production primaire par décompression du gisement. (Il s'agit généralement d'injection d'eau et de gaz.)  3, record 5, French, - r%C3%A9cup%C3%A9ration%20secondaire

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 DEF

[...] phase d'extraction du pétrole de ses gisements naturels qui met en œuvre des moyens énergétiques supplémentaires, soit après épuisement des énergies naturelles, soit en complément de l'énergie naturelle dès le début de l'exploitation.  4, record 5, French, - r%C3%A9cup%C3%A9ration%20secondaire

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

récupération secondaire : terme normalisé par l'ISO.  5, record 5, French, - r%C3%A9cup%C3%A9ration%20secondaire

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The energy of the relativistic particles of the radio sources is so great that it must also have a gravitational origin. This must be in the same gas cloud that, earlier, powered the field and through which the field lines pass, as otherwise the particles would not be injected into the field.... Furthermore, the particle acceleration mechanism must be electromagnetic rather than by stellar explosions.... A model which appears to satisfy the requirements is the magnetic rotator or spinning plasma cloud with an oblique or orthogonal magnetic field.  1, record 6, English, - magnetic%20rotator

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Comment la nature a-t-elle «construit» un rotateur capable d'inonder si longtemps l'Univers de flots d'énergie tellement puissants [...]? L'axe du champ magnétique du rotateur-magnétoïde ne coïncide pas avec son axe de rotation (ils forment un certain angle) [...]. Pénétrant dans la zone du rayonnement du dipôle magnétique de la super-étoile, [le plasma] devient accéléré jusqu'à des vitesse proches de celle de la lumière et, freiné dans le champ magnétique, commence à émettre des ondes électromagnétiques d'une puissance fantastique.  2, record 6, French, - rotateur

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A layer of gas on top of oil in an underground structure or reservoir.  2, record 7, English, - gas%20cap

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When gas alone is used as the injected fluid, it is usually put into the top of the reservoir where gas normally collects to form a gas cap.  3, record 7, English, - gas%20cap

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Gas not dissolved in oil as a result of high pressure will collect in the highest part of the reservoir to form a gas cap with the oil below it.  4, record 7, English, - gas%20cap

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Gas (being the lightest) occupies the upper part of the reservoir rocks, water occupies the lower portion, and oil occupies the intermediate section. In addition to occurring as a gas cap or as a solution gas, gas may exist as an accumulation independent of the oil; when this holds true, the reservoir is called a gas reservoir.  5, record 7, English, - gas%20cap

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dans un gisement, gaz déjà séparé du pétrole et le plus souvent rassemblé au voisinage du sommet de la structure.  5, record 7, French, - calotte%20de%20gaz

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le gisement peut [...] être surmonté par une poche de gaz (gas-cap) dont la capacité d'expansion est beaucoup plus grande que celle des liquides. Enfin, le gaz initialement dissous dans l'huile du gisement peut se dégager, sous l'effet de l'abaissement de pression, et former un gas-cap dans un gisement qui initialement n'en comportait pas.  4, record 7, French, - calotte%20de%20gaz

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En un campo que contiene gas y aceite, parte del gas se almacenará a menudo en la parte superior del yacimiento en un depósito único conocido como casquete de gas.  1, record 7, Spanish, - casquete%20de%20gas

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The gas or liquid mixture injected into the chromatographic system for separation and analysis.  2, record 8, English, - sample

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Sample concentration, introduction, weight.  3, record 8, English, - sample

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] l'aménagement de ce circuit gazeux évite à l'échantillon vaporisé de se détendre en amont de la tête de colonne et permet ainsi son introduction quasi instantanée dans la colonne.  2, record 8, French, - %C3%A9chantillon

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Échantillon ionique, ionisable, moyennement polaire, non polaire, polaire.  3, record 8, French, - %C3%A9chantillon

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Muestra de un terreno, material, producto industrial o manufacturado, que se extrae para someterlo a ensayos mecánicos, químicos o de otra índole.  1, record 8, Spanish, - probeta

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

During pyrolysis of natural feedstock, purchased natural gas is injected into one of a pair of reactors that is preheated to a temperature of 1300 °C, and decomposed to solid carbon particles, hydrogen and residual hydrocarbons.  1, record 9, English, - pyrolysis%20of%20natural%20feedstock

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Lors de la pyrolyse de charges d’alimentation naturelles, du gaz naturel acheté est injecté dans un des deux réacteurs préchauffé à une température de 1 300 °C et il se décompose en particules de carbone solides, en hydrogène et en hydrocarbures résiduels.  1, record 9, French, - pyrolyse%20de%20charge%20d%26rsquo%3Balimentation%20naturelle

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fog is produced when aerosol droplets, having a diameter of less than 15 mm, fill a volume of air to such an extent that visibility is reduced.... In thermal fogging machines, pesticide, usually dissolved in an oil of a suitable flashpoint, is injected into a hot gas and vaporised.  3, record 10, English, - fogging

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans la plupart des cas, la nébulisation est générée de façon thermique, pour application dans des locaux fermés. Le diamètre des gouttelettes obtenues ne dépasse pas 15 microns.  2, record 10, French, - n%C3%A9bulisation

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

nébulisation : terme normalisé par l'AFNOR.  2, record 10, French, - n%C3%A9bulisation

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In a batch operating embodiment of the present invention, water and a sample of drilling fluid, containing solids and hydrocarbon gases, are injected into a gas tight chamber where microwave energy is used to heat the fluid causing the water to turn to steam and aid in the heating and separation of the lighter hydrocarbon gases.  2, record 11, English, - operating%20embodiment

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The application of the energy of compressed gas in a reservoir to move crude oil to a wellbore [or, ] in a form of secondary recovery, [a technique] wherein gas is injected into input wells to sweep the oil to a producing well.  1, record 12, English, - gas%20drive

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Gas drives depend on the fact that, as the reservoir is produced, pressure is reduced, thus allowing the gas to expand and provide the driving energy.  1, record 12, English, - gas%20drive

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technique consistant à produire de l’huile sous régime volumétrique, par injection de gaz (air, gaz naturel) dans un puits de pétrole, ce qui a pour effet de déplacer le pétrole brut présent dans le gisement.  4, record 12, French, - pouss%C3%A9e%20de%20gaz

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

entraînement par gaz : terme officiellement recommandé par le Gouvernement français.  5, record 12, French, - pouss%C3%A9e%20de%20gaz

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The highly-efficient and economically-feasible technology for bitumen recovery from US oil sands using a water extraction approach was developed at the end of the last century. This water-based bitumen extraction process has been optimized based on observations and analysis of microscopic mechanisms of bitumen release from oil sands and the bitumen transfer to a froth product as well as measurements of interfacial properties of bitumen. The wetting mechanisms that occur in the diluent-assisted water-based processing of US oil sands include bitumen film rupture and recession on sand grains and bitumen transfer to nucleated and injected gas bubbles.  2, record 13, English, - water%2Dbased%20bitumen%20extraction%20process

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Le] traitement des sables bitumineux fait appel à un procédé à l'eau chaude pour l'extraction du bitume des sables bitumineux.  1, record 13, French, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20l%27eau%20chaude%20pour%20l%27extraction%20du%20bitume

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'extraction du bitume se fait par le procédé à l'eau chaude, mis au point par Karl Clark en 1929. Ce procédé consiste à placer le sable bitumineux dans d'énormes tambours rotatifs et à le mélanger avec de l'eau chaude et de la vapeur. Le bitume se sépare du sable et se lie aux bulles d'air. Le tout est tamisé et déposé dans des contenants de formes coniques permettant la séparation. Le bitume lié à l'air est récolté sous forme de mousse, contenant 65% de pétrole, 25% d'eau et 10% de solides. Après avoir mélangé le tout à l'aide de grosses centrifugeuses, trois couches sont observées. Les grosses particules de sables se déposent au fond, qui sont pompés vers une décharge et utilisés dans la construction des digues. La couche intermédiaire est constituée d'un mélange d'eau, de petites particules de bitumes et quelques minéraux, qu'on appelle mixtes. Cette eau intermédiaire est retirée et pompée afin de les réutiliser dans le processus d'extraction. Enfin, le bitume flotte à la surface, ce qui permet de le récupérer avec un pourcentage de 88 à 95%.  3, record 13, French, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20l%27eau%20chaude%20pour%20l%27extraction%20du%20bitume

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Hydrocarbon solvent slug injection.... Miscibility between reservoir oil and injected fluids is obtained by first injecting a slug of intermediate hydrocarbons... into injection wells, and following the slug with gas injected into the same wells.  2, record 14, English, - slug

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Slug of solvent, of hydrocarbon solvent.  3, record 14, English, - slug

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Bouchon de fluide injecté dans le réservoir durant le déplacement miscible.  2, record 14, French, - bouchon

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 CONT

L'intérêt pratique des déplacements miscibles est apparu quand on a découvert : [...] qu'il suffisait [...] d'injecter un «bouchon» de solvant de volume limité [...] poussé par un fluide de chasse beaucoup moins onéreux.  3, record 14, French, - bouchon

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On utilise fréquemment dans la récupération assistée d'hydrocarbures, un bouchon de matières actives (procédés chimiques) ou un bouchon de solvant (procédés miscibles) pour déplacer l'huile en place.  4, record 14, French, - bouchon

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In theory, the waste gas(containing CO₂) produced from the power plant could be directed to an ECBM [enhanced coalbed methane] site, where it would be injected into coalbeds to produce methane.  1, record 15, English, - ECBM%20site

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En théorie, on pourrait envoyer le gaz résiduel (contenant du CO₂) produit par une centrale thermique à un site à procédé amélioré de RMGC [récupération du méthane des gisements de charbon], où il serait injecté dans des gisements de charbon pour faciliter l'extraction de méthane.  1, record 15, French, - site%20de%20RMGC

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In a typical gas turbine engine, swirl is introduced into the air from the compressor by swirl vanes(typically small airfoils at high angles of attack) in the premixer located upstream of the combustor. Fuel is then injected into this swirling airflow in the premixer so that a swirling, premixed fuel-air mixture enters the combustor.  2, record 16, English, - swirl

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mouvement tourbillonnaire hélicoïdal des gaz d'admission dans le cylindre d'un moteur, dont l'axe de rotation est parallèle à l'axe du cylindre.  1, record 16, French, - tourbillon%20longitudinal

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Water which, after having been in contact with petroleum products, is recovered during the refining process. [Definition standardized by ISO.]  2, record 17, English, - process%20water

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Process water, includes seawater(and occasionally freshwater) and produced water. Seawater is injected into a formation to pressurize the reservoir and force the oil toward the oil production wells. Gelled water is seawater and freshwater that is mixed with a gelling substance to increase the viscosity of the fluid for a number of purposes. Seawater is also used to maintain the existing wells or to detect leaks in pipelines. Produced water is the water mixture consisting of oil, gas, and sand that is pumped from oil production wells. The percentage of crude oil occurring in process water can vary somewhat based on the source of the spill.  3, record 17, English, - process%20water

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Complete purification plant for the treatment of oily and process water.  4, record 17, English, - process%20water

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

process water: term standardized by ISO.  5, record 17, English, - process%20water

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Eau qui, dans une raffinerie de pétrole, a été recueillie au cours de la fabrication des produits après avoir été en contact avec ceux-ci. [Définition normalisée par l'ISO.]  6, record 17, French, - eau%20de%20proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Traitement d'eaux phénolées de procédé [...] Au premier plan, les bassins d'épuration biologique.  4, record 17, French, - eau%20de%20proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

eau de traitement; eau de procédé : termes normalisés par l'ISO.  7, record 17, French, - eau%20de%20proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There are vast, deep coalbeds in Alberta, Canada which are unmineable but contain trapped methane. The Alberta Research Council(ARC) is leading a group of provincial, national and international organizations to exploit the coalbed methane by testing a novel process of injecting carbon dioxide. This process is called Enhanced Gas Recovery(EGR). It is similar to the established practice of using CO² injection to enhance production from oil reservoirs. With EGR, the injected CO² is adsorbed in the coal, to be stored in its pore matrix, releasing the trapped methane that can be collected and sold.  2, record 18, English, - enhanced%20gas%20recovery

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cette méthode de récupération assistée s'applique au gaz naturel et aux hydrocarbures.  1, record 18, French, - r%C3%A9cup%C3%A9ration%20assist%C3%A9e%20par%20injection%20de%20CO%C2%B2

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Gasoline] is injected directly above the piston instead of in the intake manifold. The advantage is a better combustion, lower consumption and gas emission.  4, record 19, English, - gasoline%20direct%20injection%20engine

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Mitsubishi, Toyota and Nissan all market four-stroke GDI engines in Japan.  5, record 19, English, - gasoline%20direct%20injection%20engine

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Comme son nom le laisse entendre, un moteur à injection directe d'essence (IDE) est caractérisé par l'injection directe du carburant dans la chambre de combustion. Cette technologie a l'avantage principal de permettre le fonctionnement du moteur avec plus d'air et moins de carburant. Il en résulte une réduction de la consommation de carburant pouvant atteindre 15 % par rapport à celle des moteurs traditionnels.  5, record 19, French, - moteur%20%C3%A0%20injection%20directe%20d%27essence

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les constructeurs Mitsubishi, Toyota et Nissan offrent tous des moteurs à quatre temps à injection directe d'essence sur le marché japonais.  4, record 19, French, - moteur%20%C3%A0%20injection%20directe%20d%27essence

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Each of the following is designated as an oil and gas facility ... a compressor station ... a dehydrator ... a gas injection station ...  1, record 20, English, - gas%20injection%20station

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

gas injection : A reservoir maintenance or secondary recovery method that uses injected gas to supplement the pressure in an oil reservoir or field. In most cases, a field will incorporate a planned distribution of gas-injection wells to maintain reservoir pressure and effect an efficient sweep of recoverable liquids.  2, record 20, English, - gas%20injection%20station

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour l'application de la Loi, chacun des éléments énumérés [...] constitue une installation de production de pétrole et de gaz [...] une station de compression [...] un déshydrateur [...] une station d'injection de gaz [...]  2, record 20, French, - station%20d%27injection%20de%20gaz

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Another method to measure the oxygen demand of wastewater is the total oxygen demand(TOD). A small volume of the sample, about 40 microliters, is injected into oxygen containing carrier gas and passed through a catalyst bed at 900 ° C. The carbon, nitrogen, and many minerals are converted to their oxides by consuming oxygen from the carrier gas. The amount of gaseous oxygen consumed is measured and given as the TOD of the sample in mg oxygen/liter of wastewater.  2, record 21, English, - total%20oxygen%20demand

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Demande totale en oxygène : Un autre type d'appareillage permet de déterminer la quantité d'oxygène fixée (à partir d'un mélange d'oxygène et d'un gaz inerte tel que l'azote) dans un four à catalyseur à mousse de platine. Les résultats obtenus sont très proches de ceux de la D.C.O.  2, record 21, French, - demande%20totale%20en%20oxyg%C3%A8ne

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 CONT

D.T.O. : Demande totale en oxygène, mesurée par la quantité d'oxygène combinée au substrat considéré, durant sa combustion violente.  2, record 21, French, - demande%20totale%20en%20oxyg%C3%A8ne

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

«demande totale en oxygène» (DTO) a été relevé dans «L'analyse de l'eau», de Rodier (code RODAN), vol. 1, p. 479.  4, record 21, French, - demande%20totale%20en%20oxyg%C3%A8ne

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

We are currently piloting Steam and Gas Push(SAGP) technology in some of our existing thermal in-situ projects. SAGP, which is a variation of the SAGD [Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage] process, involves addition of a small amount of non-condensible gas such as natural gas or flue gas to the injected steam. The process presents opportunities for reducing steam requirements and thus improved energy efficiencies for SAGD. We also plan provide an opportunity to use thickened or dry tailings.  2, record 22, English, - steam%20and%20gas%20push

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Steam EOR [enhanced oil recovery): SRC is developing cutting edge thermal EOR techology for heavy oil reservoirs, merging injection/production wellbore architectures with enhanced steam injection processes. We have expertise in: = steam crest oil resaturation (SCOR); steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD); = steam and gas push (SAGP).  3, record 22, English, - steam%20and%20gas%20push

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé de drainage dû à la gravité sous l'action d'une injection combinée de vapeur d'eau et de gaz. [Source : l'Institut français du pétrole]  1, record 22, French, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20SAGP

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le procédé SAGP («steam and gas push») est dérivé du SAGD («steam-assisted gravity drainage»), lequel est un procédé de drainage dû à la gravité sous l'action d'une injection de vapeur d'eau. L'injection de gaz en même temps que l'injection de vapeur d'eau doit permettre de réduire la quantité de vapeur d'eau à injecter pour une efficacité équivalente en terme de récupération et meilleure sur le plan économique. (Source : Institut français du pétrole, nov. 2002.)  1, record 22, French, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20SAGP

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 OBS

drainage gravitaire assisté par injection de vapeur et de gaz : équivalent proposé par un ingénieur documentaliste, Institut français du pétrole, nov. 2002.  1, record 22, French, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20SAGP

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 3 OBS

drainage par gravité à l'aide de vapeur et de gaz; drainage par gravité avec injection de vapeur et de gaz : équivalents proposés par inférence à partir des justifications reproduites ci-après, et approuvés par le département de génie chimique, Université d'Ottawa, nov. 2002.  1, record 22, French, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20SAGP

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 4 OBS

Athabasca : le drainage avec injection de vapeur. La valorisation des sables bitumeux de l'Athabasca, au Canada, s'annonce plus difficile que celle des gisements de l'Orénoque. En effet, les conditions sont telles que le pétrole se trouve à l'état solide dans le sous-sol, ce qui nécessite de le chauffer pour le récupérer. Le Groupe étudie actuellement la viabilité du drainage par gravité, assisté par une injection de vapeur, un procédé dont l'efficacité énergétique représente un défi majeur.  2, record 22, French, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20SAGP

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 5 OBS

Caractérisation des coupes lourdes des fluides pétroliers appliquée à la récupération assistée du pétrole par injection de gaz miscible.  3, record 22, French, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20SAGP

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The process of injecting gas, from which condensable hydrocarbons have been removed, into an oil and gas reservoir in order to maintain reservoir pressures and thus prevent retrograde condensation and loss of such liquids.  1, record 23, English, - cycling

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In recycling, the stripped gas is injected repeatedly and the recovered vapors are extracted or stripped on the surface.  1, record 23, English, - cycling

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réinjection, dans le gisement, du gaz produit après l'avoir débarrassé de sa teneur en éléments légers, tels que gazoline, butane, propane.  1, record 23, French, - recyclage

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Helium tracing : a new tool for gas distribution control in the blast furnace... A helium pulse is injected in the blast at the tuyere level. Its arrival at the blast furnace top is detected by a spectrometer.  1, record 24, English, - helium%20tracing

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La technique employée pour mesurer le temps de transfert est le traçage des gaz à l'hélium : une impulsion d'hélium est injectée dans le vent au niveau des tuyères et l'arrivée de cette impulsion au gueulard est détectée par un spectromètre de masse.  1, record 24, French, - tra%C3%A7age%20%C3%A0%20l%27h%C3%A9lium

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An enhanced recovery process in which a fluid, capable of mixing completely with the oil it contacts, is injected into an oil reservoir to increase recovery.  3, record 25, English, - miscible%20flooding

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... vertical and horizontal sweep efficiencies of miscible floods using gas or LPG have generally been poor... The injected slugs are subject to excessive dispersion and deterioration.  2, record 25, English, - miscible%20flooding

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technique de récupération secondaire utilisant la propriété d'un gaz humide de se mêler avec un gaz sec de façon homogène pour accomplir un drainage par pression des hydrocarbures d'un réservoir.  2, record 25, French, - injection%20de%20fluides%20miscibles

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A gas-lift system in which the gas that is injected and subsequently produced is recompressed and reinjected into the well, thus effecting a continuous, closed system that does not require the introduction of additional gas from an extraneous source for operation, except that needed to make up losses in the system.  2, record 26, English, - rotation%20gas%20lift

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The mobility of the injected(miscible) slug is higher than the mobility of the oil. This high mobility combines with the high mobility of the displacing gas to give low sweep and displacement efficiencies.  1, record 27, English, - displacement%20efficiency

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Polymers can improve the mobility ratio and thus increase the displacement efficiency in a reservoir.  1, record 27, English, - displacement%20efficiency

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rapport du volume d'hydrocarbures effectivement déplacé au volume initialement présent dans la zone considérée.  2, record 27, French, - efficacit%C3%A9%20de%20d%C3%A9placement

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Toute recherche d'un procédé de récupération secondaire [...] s'inspirera [...] des idées suivantes : améliorer le balayage [...] réduire les forces capillaires, augmentant ainsi l'efficacité du déplacement [...]  3, record 27, French, - efficacit%C3%A9%20de%20d%C3%A9placement

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A method of fluid injection. This method requires that three fluids exist in the reservoir: the mobile oil to be displaced, a displacing fluid moving as a bank behind the oil, and a fluid injected for the sole purpose of propelling the displacing fluid through the reservoir.  2, record 28, English, - miscible%20drive

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 2 DEF

A method of enhanced recovery in which various hydrocarbon solvents or gases(as propane, LPG, natural gas, or a mixture thereof) are injected into the reservoir to reduce interfacial forces between oil and water in the pore channels and thus displace oil from the reservoir rock.  5, record 28, English, - miscible%20drive

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The concept of miscible displacement of oil by CO₂ has been known for many years ...  4, record 28, English, - miscible%20drive

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A miscible fluid is formed when injected CO₂ mixes with reservoir oil ... When miscibility occurs the forces of capillary pressure ... disappear and the oil is then free to be carried forward to the producing well.  4, record 28, English, - miscible%20drive

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé de récupération de l'huile en place par élimination des pressions capillaires à l'aide de fluides qui lui sont miscibles en toutes proportions.  4, record 28, French, - d%C3%A9placement%20par%20phase%20miscible

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans le déplacement par injection de fluides miscible, pour réduire les phénomènes interfaciaux qui retiennent une certaine quantité de pétrole piégé à l'intérieur des pores de la roche-réservoir, on fait appel à un fluide déplaçant, miscible avec le pétrole en place. Les quatre principaux procédés sont : l'injection de gaz «pauvre», qui peut être du méthane pur, ou même de l'azote, sous haute pression; l'injection d'un bouchon de propane ou de butane, suivi de gaz pauvre; l'injection de gaz «enrichi», c'est-à-dire de mélanges d'hydrocarbures saturés en C₂ à C₄, suivi de gaz pauvre; l'injection de gaz carbonique, procédé qui est le plus intéressant lorsqu'une source de ce gaz existe à proximité.  2, record 28, French, - d%C3%A9placement%20par%20phase%20miscible

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme officiellement recommandé par le Gouvernement français.  5, record 28, French, - d%C3%A9placement%20par%20phase%20miscible

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A device installed on a gas-lift mandrel, which in turn is put on the tubing string of a gas-lift well. Tubing and casing pressures cause the valve to open and close thus allowing gas to be injected into the fluid in the tubing to cause the fluid to rise to the surface.  2, record 29, English, - gas%2Dlift%20valve

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A well into which gas is injected for the purpose of maintaining or supplementing pressure in an oil reservoir.  2, record 30, English, - gas%2Dinput%20well

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A high-pressure gas injected into a formation to maintain or restore reservoir pressure.  3, record 31, English, - injected%20gas

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 2 DEF

Gas that has been pumped into an oil-producing reservoir to provide a gas drive for increased oil production.  4, record 31, English, - injected%20gas

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

To hear West German inventor Alexander Kuckens tell it, plants, flowers and vegetables are malnourished these days. They’re not getting enough carbon dioxide, one of the key elements in photosynthesis and an important part of plant nutrition.... To counter this situation, Kuckens has developed a process of injecting the water used for irrigating plants and crops with CO2 which spurs the formation of carbonic acid.... The process, called Carborain, is similar to traditional methods of gas impregnation.... In the Carborain process, an accelerated stream of water is injected with CO2 at low pressure, rather than high, enabling the water to retain the gas much longer during spraying or other means of plant irrigation.  1, record 32, English, - Carborain%20process

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Where a GC [gas chromatograph] is used at a spill site, an automated gas sampling valve may be used. Outside air is injected directly through a 1 cm₃ sampling loop by means of a diaphragm pump.... Alternately, the sample may be drawn through an absorption tube...  1, record 33, English, - sampling%20loop

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

«vanne d'introduction» : Dispositif permettant d'introduire de façon reproductible un volume de gaz à analyser dans le circuit d'analyse. Le plus souvent une vanne d'introduction comprend deux circuits gazeux distincts et un volume appelé "boucle d'échantillonnage" qui fait partie de l'un ou l'autre circuit, selon que la partie mobile de la vanne est dans l'une ou l'autre position : elle peut généralement être considérée comme constituant le point d'échantillonnage d'une installation d'analyse. [Source : norme AFNOR X20-101].  3, record 33, French, - boucle%20d%27%C3%A9chantillonnage

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 PHR

chargement de la boucle d'échantillonnage, remplissage de la boucle d'échantillonnage.  4, record 33, French, - boucle%20d%27%C3%A9chantillonnage

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 2 PHR

vanne à boucle d'échantillonnage.  4, record 33, French, - boucle%20d%27%C3%A9chantillonnage

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 3 PHR

étalonnage d'une boucle d'introduction.  4, record 33, French, - boucle%20d%27%C3%A9chantillonnage

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Several [internal cooling] systems have been developed that incorporate three basic approaches : liquified gas, super-cold air with water vapor, and air exchange methods.... The super-cold air system with water vapor works much the same way [as the liquified gas system]. Here, very dry, subzero blowing air expands the parison. The expanded air is allowed to circulate through the bottle and exhaust. Immediately after the parison has expanded, a fine mist of water is injected into the cold air stream. As it flows, the water mist turns into snow. As the snow circulates through the container, it melts and then vaporizes. At the end of the molding cycle, the water mist is stopped, permitting the circulating air to purge and dry the interior before the mold is opened and the part is removed. Production rates can be improved as much as 50%.  1, record 34, English, - super%2Dcold%20air%20system%20with%20water%20vapor

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le temps de refroidissement devient pratiquement proportionnel au carré de l'épaisseur, c'est pourquoi on a songé à compléter le refroidissement par contact avec l'empreinte par un refroidissement interne selon les différents procédés décrits ci-après. a) Renouvellement de l'air de soufflage. [...] b) Balayage au dioxyde de carbone. [...] c) Procédé ISC (Internal Surface Cooling). Ce procédé breveté, basé sur l'expansion adiabatique, est développé par la Société américaine Hunkar; il consiste à injecter à haute pression (70 bar) un mélange d'air et d'eau, qui, par une brusque détente, va provoquer l'apparition de cristaux de glace sur les parois internes du corps creux. Ces cristaux vont d'abord fondre, libérant l'enthalpie de fusion de la glace. Les gouttelettes vont ensuite s'échauffer puis se vaporiser en absorbant la chaleur du corps creux équivalant à l'enthalpie de vaporisation de l'eau. La réduction du temps de refroidissement par ce procédé peut atteindre 50%. Comme le balayage au CO₂, ce procédé s'avère intéressant pour des corps creux à parois relativement épaisses (plus de 0,5 mm). d) Procédé ALEX. [...]  1, record 34, French, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20ISC

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Gases may be injected by means of a gas-tight syringe or through a special gas inlet chamber of constant volume(gas sampling valve).  2, record 35, English, - gas%20sampling%20valve

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Where a GC [gas chromatograph] is used at a spill site, an automated gas sampling valve may be used. Outside air is injected directly through a 1 cm³ sampling loop by means of a diaphragm pump. This is useful for ongoing monitoring. Alternately, the sample may be drawn through an adsorption tube....  3, record 35, English, - gas%20sampling%20valve

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Introduction des échantillons. Les chromatographes pour analyses de gaz ... comportent généralement une chambre d'introduction [...]. [...] l'échantillon d'un volume de l'ordre de 1 cm³ [...] peut être prélevé de l'ampoule de prélèvement puis introduit dans la chambre d'introduction à l'aide d'une "seringue d'injection" [...] à piston en polymère fluoré : [...] on pousse rapidement le piston afin que l'introduction du gaz soit instantanée. On préfère utiliser une boucle d'échantillonnage [...] dont le tube en U [...] constitue l'élément essentiel. Le gaz à analyser traverse ce tube [...]. Les vannes à gaz [...], qui peuvent être rotatives ou à piston, fonctionnent sur le même principe; disposées à la place de la chambre d'introduction, elles évitent la dilution de l'échantillon dans le volume de cette chambre qui précède la colonne.  2, record 35, French, - vanne%20%C3%A0%20gaz

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Nelson, Ressler, and Hawes] noted that sensitivity of radiation detection in terms of peak height for a given amount of injected activity is a function of many variables :(1) chamber volume,(2) type of radioactive emitter...,(3) noise and background level,(4) diluent gas, and(5) carrier and diluent gas flow rates.  1, record 36, English, - radioactive%20emitter

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Hydrolysis with Hydrogen Chloride Gas.... A variation of the use of concentrated hydrochloric acid combined with hydrogen chloride is the process of Hereng. Here, wood chips are impregnated with 30% hydrochloric acid in a mixer and then transferred by a conveyor into the reactor. Because the chips are not predried, the acid concentration in them is reduced to 20%. The reactor consists of a hexagonal upright vessel equipped with numerous inclined trays. The impregnated wood is moved from the top toward the bottom by means of a vibrator and thus the prehydrolysis is completed after 45 minutes. The acid, containing chiefly pentoses, is filtered off and part of it is returned to the mixer. In this way, the sugar concentration in the prehydrolyzate is increased to about 20% to 25%. In a second step, the material, which has again been mixed with 30% hydrochloric acid, is passed through the reactor and hydrogen chloride gas is injected at the bottom in a countercurrent. In this way, the acid concentration is increased to 40% to 41% or more. The hydrolyzed material is conveyed from the bottom of the reactor to a drying chamber and is dried there with anhydrous hydrogen chloride gas which has previously been passed through a calcium chloride solution. The hydrolyzed material, consisting of lignin and sugar, is extracted with water and the sugar solution is subjected to a posthydrolysis.  1, record 37, English, - Hereng%20process

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Plusieurs pays continuent à faire des recherches pour améliorer l'hydrolyse chimique. Le procédé Hereng utilisant l'acide chlorhydrique gazeux permet d'atteindre un meilleur rendement en sucre et de récupérer l'acide.  1, record 37, French, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20Hereng

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Where a GC [gas chromatograph] is used at a spill site, an automated gas sampling valve may be used. Outside air is injected directly through a 1 cm₃ sampling loop by means of a diaphragm pump.  1, record 38, English, - automated%20gas%20sampling%20valve

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Vanne automatique d'introduction de l'échantillon gazeux à analyser. Méthode chromatographique d'analyse des gaz. Voir en banque les fiches "vanne à gaz" et "vanne d'échantillonnage".  1, record 38, French, - vanne%20automatique%20%C3%A0%20gaz

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The simplest form of geological storage is provided by a nearly depleted gasfield, into which surplus gas can be injected after recompression.  1, record 39, English, - storage%20in%20depleted%20gasfields

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The injected gas taken from the gasholder or the dome of the digester is forced through diffusers or vertical pipes at the rate of about 0. 8 m3/h m2(2. 6 ft3/ft2 h).  1, record 40, English, - dome%20of%20digester

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le gaz injecté prélevé dans le gazomètre ou dans la calotte supérieure du digesteur est refoulé à travers des diffuseurs ou des cannes plongeantes verticales sous un débit d'environ 0,8 m3 / h. m2.  1, record 40, French, - calotte%20de%20digesteur

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Reservoir-oil displacement by gas where hydrocarbon components of the injected gas condense in the oil that it is displacing.  2, record 41, English, - condensing%20gas%20drive

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Un gaz contenant du méthane et une notable proportion d'hydrocarbures de poids moléculaire intermédiaire (éthane, propane, butane) n'est pas en général miscible avec l'huile dans les conditions du gisement. Le déplacement par un tel gaz laisse donc une certaine proportion d'huile piégée. Mais les hydrocarbures autres que le méthane contenus dans le gaz, ont alors tendance à se dissoudre dans cette huile résiduelle, modifiant sa composition et augmentant son volume. Le gaz continuant à apporter des produits condensables, il se forme ainsi, dans certains cas, un banc d'huile enrichie en hydrocarbures de poids moléculaire intermédiaire, dont la composition varie [...] de l'huile vierge à celle du gaz injecté. Ce type de déplacement est appelé [...] «miscibilité arrière» (parce que le bouchon miscible se forme en arrière du front de déplacement, dans la zone d'huile résiduelle) [...]  1, record 41, French, - miscibilit%C3%A9%20arri%C3%A8re

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In some cases, gas may be injected into the reservoir at an early stage in the field's life.  1, record 42, English, - field%26rsquo%3Bs%20life

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le débit journalier d'une sonde décline continuellement au cours de la vie du champ.  1, record 42, French, - vie%20du%20champ

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish