TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

To quash is to void a particular legal proceeding or decision, i. e. quash an order of the court, making the order of no force or effect, as if the order had not been made.  5, record 1, English, - set%20aside%20an%20order

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 PHR

discharge an order for contact, quash an order of the court, rescind a removal order, set aside a deportation order  6, record 1, English, - set%20aside%20an%20order

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Annuler une ordonnance signifie la rendre nulle, comme si elle n'avait jamais été rendue.  2, record 1, French, - annuler%20une%20ordonnance

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 PHR

annuler une ordonnance attributive de contact, annuler une ordonnance d'expulsion, annuler une ordonnance de renvoi, annuler une ordonnance du tribunal  2, record 1, French, - annuler%20une%20ordonnance

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An agreement or other act which one of the parties to it is entitled to rescind and which until that happens has full legal effect  2, record 2, English, - voidable

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

1. Qui peut être annulé; qui est susceptible d'annulation aux conditions de la loi. 2. Qui encourt annulation en raison du vice qui l'entache  6, record 2, French, - annulable

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Contrary to or unauthorized by law...  3, record 3, English, - unlawful

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When applied to promises, agreements, or contracts, the term "unlawful" denotes that such agreements have no legal effect.  3, record 3, English, - unlawful

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ilegal: Término reproducido de Law Terminology con la autorización de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas en Ginebra.  2, record 3, Spanish, - ilegal

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Research that takes the gender dimension into account is found in most scientific disciplines. For instance, a legal research project may investigate how gender-neutral legal rules affect women and men differently. An example of this is the effect of retirement pension rules. In many countries the rules are universal and gender neutral, and pensions are based on previous income. In practice, however, this theoretically gender‑neutral rule may have different outcomes for women and men. Women who have worked part-time or stayed at home to take care of children receive much lower pensions than men(and women) who have worked full-time. In legal research, the gender dimension involves exploring how gender relations influence the distribution of rights and duties, benefits and disadvantages, legal protection and punishment.  2, record 4, English, - gender%20dimension

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La dimension du genre interpelle la nature des relations sociales dans une société. En effet, le genre permet de comprendre la façon dont se construisent et se structurent les liens sociaux entre les personnes du même sexe ou de sexes différents.  5, record 4, French, - dimension%20de%20genre

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Il est important que l'intégration de la dimension de genre dans la lutte et l'adaptation aux changements climatiques adopte une perspective intersectionnelle afin de tenir compte de la réalité des oppressions multiples vécues par la diversité des femmes et des groupes sociaux.  6, record 4, French, - dimension%20de%20genre

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Bien que le terme «genre» soit de plus en plus utilisé comme équivalent de «gender» lorsqu'il est question des différences et des relations sociales entre les hommes et les femmes, d'autres expressions peuvent être utilisées selon le contexte.  7, record 4, French, - dimension%20de%20genre

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

En cualquier situación, aspecto relativo a las diferencias en las vidas del hombre y de la mujer debidas a los roles que tradicionalmente se les ha asignado.  2, record 4, Spanish, - dimensi%C3%B3n%20de%20g%C3%A9nero

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

An arbitrator acting as amiable compositeur is deciding the dispute before him according to law and legal principles, but nevertheless is authorized to modify the effect of certain non-mandatory legal provisions.  3, record 5, English, - amiable%20compositeur

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Person or company with legal domicile in a country even though their nationality may be that of another country. Residency has an effect on fiscal obligations, aspects of exchange controls, acquisition of nationality, etc.  2, record 6, English, - resident

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Canadian resident, permanent resident  3, record 6, English, - resident

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Definition reproduced from the CAPITAL Business Dictionary with the permission of LID Editorial Empresarial.  3, record 6, English, - resident

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Au sens des lois fiscales canadiennes et françaises, personne qui habite au pays pendant une période minimale déterminée, égale habituellement à la moitié de l'année, ou occupe à l'étranger des fonctions pour le compte de l'État ou d'un organisme gouvernemental.  2, record 6, French, - r%C3%A9sident

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La graphie «résidant» correspond à l'adjectif.  3, record 6, French, - r%C3%A9sident

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Persona física o jurídica con domicilio en un país a efectos legales. El residente puede tener la nacionalidad del país o ser extranjero. La residencia tiene una gran transcendencia en lo que respecta a obligaciones fiscales, aspectos de control de cambios, adquisición de la nacionalidad, etc.  1, record 6, Spanish, - residente

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

residente: término y definición extraídos del CAPITAL Business Dictionary con la autorización de LID Editorial Empresarial.  2, record 6, Spanish, - residente

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A contract under seal, or specialty contract, is created by the execution of a deed binding the party or parties executing it to a future act or forebearance. Such a contract necessarily involves the element of agreement, but it derives its legal effect solely from the formality of sealing and delivery, and not from the mere fact of agreement...(Jowitt, p. 449)  3, record 7, English, - contract%20by%20specialty

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Speciality, may denote a contract under seal... (28 Hals, 4th, p. 304)  3, record 7, English, - contract%20by%20specialty

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fait au moyen d'un acte formaliste.  2, record 7, French, - contrat%20formaliste

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

contrat formaliste : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, record 7, French, - contrat%20formaliste

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A legal arrangement.  2, record 8, English, - agreement

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Agreement... is where two or more persons concur in expressing a common intention with the view of altering their rights and duties. An agreement of this king has no legal effect when existing by itself, but is an essential part of every true contract, gift, payment, conveyance and compromise...(Jowitt, p. 75)  3, record 8, English, - agreement

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Accord destiné à produire un effet de droit.  2, record 8, French, - convention

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

convention : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, record 8, French, - convention

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

(...) it must be decided whether the legal warranty against latent defects resulting from the sale between G. M. and Plamondon has effect only as between the immediate parties to the contract, or whether it can also benefit a subsequent purchaser of the thing sold.  2, record 9, English, - party%20to%20the%20contract

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

partie au contrat : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 9, French, - partie%20au%20contrat

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

To be effective, it [the legal charge] must be —(i) made by deed : a charge merely in writing will have no effect at law; and(ii) expressed to be by way of legal mortgage : the deed must contain a statement that the charge is made by way of legal mortgage, though such a statement is not required where the title to the land is registered.(Megarry's Manual of the Law of Real Property, 1982, 6th ed., p. 465).  2, record 10, English, - legal%20charge

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

sûreté réelle légale : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l’accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 10, French, - s%C3%BBret%C3%A9%20r%C3%A9elle%20l%C3%A9gale

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A plea, which the defendant has the burden of establishing at trial, by which he admits the truth of material facts stated in the plaintiff's statement of claim, but destroys the legal effect of these admissions by pleading other facts, which, if true, constitute a defence.  3, record 11, English, - affirmative%20defence

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

As the early common law attached liability to trespass on mere proof of direct causation, it became necessary, after the later admission of exculpatory considerations, for the defendant to "justify" or "excuse" his conduct by specially pleading and proving the circumstances which destroyed its actionable quality. Thus "justification" became an affirmative defence.  4, record 11, English, - affirmative%20defence

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In a statement of defence.  3, record 11, English, - affirmative%20defence

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

défense affirmative : terme recommandé par le Comité d'uniformisation des règles de procédure civile dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, record 11, French, - d%C3%A9fense%20affirmative

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the Court must be able, in the rare cases where such a point arises, to rule that some questionable ceremony or event, whilst having the trappings of marriage, failed fundamentally to effect one, such that it neither needs nor is susceptible to a decree of nullity to determine its lack of any legal status : ie. to find in convenient shorthand that it is a "non-marriage" or a "non-existent marriage. "  3, record 12, English, - non%2Dmarriage

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

mariage inexistant : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 12, French, - mariage%20inexistant

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A marriage that is void ab initio does not exist in law and is of no legal effect.  2, record 13, English, - marriage%20void%20ab%20initio

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le mariage nul ab initio est réputé n'avoir jamais existé; il est nul dès l'origine.  2, record 13, French, - mariage%20nul%20ab%20initio

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

mariage nul ab initio : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 13, French, - mariage%20nul%20ab%20initio

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A moral duty that is not enforceable by judicial action.  2, record 14, English, - natural%20duty

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Natural obligations are recognized in civil-law jurisdictions. While they are not enforceable by judicial action, something that has been performed under a natural obligation may not be reclaimed.  2, record 14, English, - natural%20duty

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A term sometimes applied to obligations said to arise from the law of nature only or from natural justice and equity, such as the obligations between parents and children. The term is sometimes applied also to obligations binding morally but, for technical legal reasons, such as defective formalities, not legally enforceable, though having some effect, such as barring a claim for repayment of a debt due but not enforceable.  3, record 14, English, - natural%20duty

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Obligation qui résulte d'un pouvoir moral ou de conscience et qui n'est pas, selon la loi, susceptible d'exécution forcée.  2, record 14, French, - obligation%20naturelle

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A contract that is of no legal effect, so that there is really no contract in existence at all.  2, record 15, English, - void%20contract

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An accused person who is on trial.  2, record 16, English, - prisoner%20at%20the%20bar

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

One accused of crime, who is actually on trial, is in legal effect a "prisoner at the bar, "notwithstanding he has given bond for his appearance at the trial. He is a "prisoner" if held in custody either under bond or other process of law, or when physically held under arrest, and when actually on trial he is a "prisoner at the bar. "  2, record 16, English, - prisoner%20at%20the%20bar

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A person is said to be a stranger to a transaction when he takes no part in it, or no part producing any legal effect. Thus a person who is not a party to a deed, contract, etc., is said to be a stranger to it. So when a promise is made to a person, but he has neither taken any trouble or charge upon himself, nor conferred any benefit on the promisor, but the trouble has been sustained or benefit conferred by another, the promisee is said to be a stranger to the consideration.  2, record 17, English, - stranger%20to%20the%20consideration

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Abridged title : Carriage by Air Act. Legal title : An Act to give effect to a Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International Carriage by Air.  1, record 18, English, - Carriage%20by%20Air%20Act

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Titre abrégé : Loi sur le transport aérien. Titre légal : Loi visant à donner suite à la Convention pour l'unification de certaines règles relatives au transport aérien international.  1, record 18, French, - Loi%20sur%20le%20transport%20a%C3%A9rien

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A criminal sentence refers to the formal legal consequences associated with a conviction. Types of sentences include probation, fines, short-term incarceration, suspended sentences, which only take effect if the convict fails to meet certain conditions, payment of restitution to the victim, community service, or drug and alcohol rehabilitation for minor crimes.  2, record 19, English, - criminal%20sentence

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il est important de ne pas confondre les termes «peine criminelle» et «sanction pénale». Peine criminelle fait référence à une décision rendue dans le cadre d'une poursuite criminelle, alors que la sanction pénale peut faire référence soit au paiement d'une somme d'argent, soit à une peine d'emprisonnement.  3, record 19, French, - sanction%20p%C3%A9nale

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The method or mechanism used by government, political parties, business or individuals to achieve a desired effect, through legal or economic means.  2, record 20, English, - policy%20instrument

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

All institutions subject to the Official Languages Act (OLA) are subject to the three new policy instruments.  3, record 20, English, - policy%20instrument

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Examples: policies, procedures, standards, guidelines, operational instructions, etc.  4, record 20, English, - policy%20instrument

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Méthode ou mécanisme utilisé par le gouvernement, les partis politiques, les entreprises ou les individus pour rechercher un effet prévu en s'appuyant sur des moyens juridiques ou économiques.  2, record 20, French, - instrument%20de%20politique

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les trois nouveaux instruments de politique s'appliquent à toutes les institutions assujetties à la Loi sur les langues officielles (LLO).  3, record 20, French, - instrument%20de%20politique

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Exemples : politiques, procédures, normes, lignes directrices, directives opérationnelles, etc.  2, record 20, French, - instrument%20de%20politique

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There are two ways that a searcher can circumvent this tedious process of using the Grantee indexes to "go back" on a title. Another lawyer can let him borrow his title abstract... The other method is the use of "tie-in clauses". For example, assume that at the end of the legal description in a 1984 deed from G. H. to I. J., the conveyancer who prepared the deed were to add a clause to the following effect : Being the same lands described in a deed from E. F. to G. H. dated Jan. 7, 1972 and recorded at(Halifax) Registry of Deeds office on Jan. 7, 1972 in Book 2529 at page 47. The searcher wouldn’t waste time searching the Grantee index, starting in 1984-he’d immediately open Book 2529 to page 47 and examine the deed to G. H.(Howlett, 1986, p. 5).  1, record 21, English, - tie%2Din%20clause

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

clause de renvoi : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 21, French, - clause%20de%20renvoi

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The system of registration of assurances accompanied by a deposit of the deeds provided a public office in which all instruments affecting the title to land could be recorded. It did not pretend to provide any means whatever for determining the legal effect of instruments which were so recorded...("Thom's Canadian Torrens System", 2nd ed., 1962, p. 15)  1, record 22, English, - system%20of%20registration%20of%20assurances

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'équivalent «système d'enregistrement des translations» peut s'employer lorsqu'on vise plus particulièrement les éléments matériels constitutifs du "system".  1, record 22, French, - r%C3%A9gime%20d%27enregistrement%20des%20translations

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 OBS

régime d'enregistrement des translations : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 22, French, - r%C3%A9gime%20d%27enregistrement%20des%20translations

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Under the "Married Women's Property Act", 1882...(t) he court must give effect to the legal and equitable property rights of the parties as they exist, and there is no doctrine of "family assets" which gives the court discretion to depart from the ordinary law of ownership.(Megarry & Wade, 4th ed., 1975, p. 997)  1, record 23, English, - legal%20property%20right

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

droit de propriété en common law : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 23, French, - droit%20de%20propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9%20en%20common%20law

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A legal jointure is defined as a competent livelihood of freehold to the wife of lands and tenements to take effect presently after the death of the husband for the life of the wife at least, and might be made before or after marriage.(Anger and Honsberger, 2nd ed., 1985, p. 190).  1, record 24, English, - legal%20jointure

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

provision en common law de l'épouse : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 24, French, - provision%20en%20common%20law%20de%20l%27%C3%A9pouse

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Where land held upon trust was sold and conveyed by a deed which both the legal and the equitable owners executed, and in which the equitable owner reserved a right of way, it was held that this took effect in law as a regrant by the purchaser(to the equitable owner) of a legal easement, so that it did not create a mere equitable easement....(Megarry & Wade, 4th ed., 1975, p. 830).  1, record 25, English, - legal%20easement

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

servitude en common law : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 25, French, - servitude%20en%20common%20law

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

No formality is required for a lease which :(i) takes effect in possession,(ii) for a term not exceeding three years, whether or not the tenant is given power to extend the term.(iii) at the best rent reasonably obtainable without taking a fine.... In other words, an informal lease(i. e., whether created orally or in writing) will take effect as a legal lease if the three conditions are satisfied.(Evans, 1974, p. 42).  2, record 26, English, - informal%20lease

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Acception restreinte qui s'oppose directement au bail dont la forme est prévue par la loi.  2, record 26, French, - bail%20non%20solennel

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 OBS

bail non solennel : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, record 26, French, - bail%20non%20solennel

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A surrender is the yielding or delivering up of lands or tenements and the estate a man has therein, unto another that has a higher and a greater estate in the same lands or tenements.(T) o give a surrender legal effect, the surrenderee must have the immediate estate in remainder or reversion expectant on the estate of the surrenderor. For example, if A lets to B for five years and B lets to C for four years, C cannot surrender to A, as A has not the immediate estate in remainder or reversion expectant on the estate of the surrenderor.(Anger & Honsberger, 2nd ed., 1985, p. 290)  1, record 27, English, - immediate%20estate

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

domaine immédiat : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 27, French, - domaine%20imm%C3%A9diat

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

(I)n a conveyance "to X and his heirs, to the use of Y and his heirs, to the use of Z and his heirs when Z marries", the first use is executed, giving Y the legal estate and Z an equitable executory interest. (Anger & Honsberger, 2nd ed., 1985, p. 431)  1, record 28, English, - equitable%20executory%20interest

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The immediate effect of the statute(of Uses) was that it converted what were formerly equitable executory interests into legal ones.(Anger & Honsberger, supra, p. 39)  1, record 28, English, - equitable%20executory%20interest

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans l'équivalent normalisé, l'élément «non réalisé» se voit attribuer une vocation technique selon laquelle il désigne ce qui est à réaliser.  1, record 28, French, - int%C3%A9r%C3%AAt%20non%20r%C3%A9alis%C3%A9%20en%20equity

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 2 OBS

intérêt non réalisé en equity : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 28, French, - int%C3%A9r%C3%AAt%20non%20r%C3%A9alis%C3%A9%20en%20equity

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Legal and equitable easements. A legal easement is an easement for an interest equivalent to an estate in fee simple absolute in possession or a term of years absolute. An easement which cannot subsist as a legal easement takes effect as an equitable interest and is called an equitable easement.(Halsbury, 3rd ed., Vol. 12, p. 527).  1, record 29, English, - equitable%20easement

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

servitude en equity : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  1, record 29, French, - servitude%20en%20equity

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

At common law, a married woman's legal condition; "under the cover", influence and protection of her husband. In effect, the real property of which the woman was seised at the time of marriage, or afterwards, vested in both husband and wife during coverture, in right of the wife, and the husband was entitled to the profits therefrom and had sole control and management. As to personal property, at common law the husband became absolute owner of his wife's personal chattels. The disabilities of coverture in respect of property were eliminated by the English "Married Women's Property Act", 1882, and equivalent statutes in the Canadian provinces.(Yogis, 1983, p. 55).  1, record 30, English, - coverture

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'expression «feme covert», prise au sens strict, peut se rendre en français par «femme en puissance de mari». Au sens courant, il s'agit tout simplement d'un terme archaïque désignant une femme mariée.  1, record 30, French, - r%C3%A9gime%20de%20protection%20maritale

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 2 OBS

régime de protection maritale; protection maritale : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 30, French, - r%C3%A9gime%20de%20protection%20maritale

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The covenant as to quiet possession relates to actual physical possession of the property to the effect that the grantee shall have possession free from any restraint, physical or legal, by any person claiming under the grantor a prior right of possession to the grantee.(Donahue & Quinn, 3rd ed., p. 116)  1, record 31, English, - covenant%20for%20quiet%20possession

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

covenant de possession paisible : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 31, French, - covenant%20de%20possession%20paisible

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The legal effect of a contractual term differs from that of a mere representation; accordingly, it is necessary to determine into which of these two categories fall statements made by the parties during negotiations leading to a binding contract.(9 Hals., 4th ed., p. 221).  1, record 32, English, - contractual%20term

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

clause contractuelle : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 32, French, - clause%20contractuelle

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

At common law the creation of future interests was severely restricted.... (T)he only future interests possible at common law were the reversion, the vested remainder and the possibility of reverter and the right of entry for condition broken.... (Anger & Honsberger, 2nd ed., 1985, pp. 338-9)  1, record 33, English, - common%20law%20future%20interest

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 2 CONT

(The Statute of Wills) permitted a person to devise his lands "at his free will and pleasure". The effect of this language was that devises did not have to comply with the common law remainder rules so that new legal future interests... could be created....(Anger & Honsberger, 2nd ed., 1985, p. 348)  1, record 33, English, - common%20law%20future%20interest

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'élément «legal» du terme anglais s'oppose dans certains contextes à «common law»; le terme pourra dans ces cas être rendu par une expression explicative telle que «intérêt futur d'origine législative».  1, record 33, French, - int%C3%A9r%C3%AAt%20futur%20en%20common%20law

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 2 OBS

intérêt futur en common law : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 33, French, - int%C3%A9r%C3%AAt%20futur%20en%20common%20law

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Marriage contract is a legal agreement, very much like any other type of contract. It's a written document between two people. It can be between two people who are already married, or two people who are planning to marry(called a “pre-nuptial agreement”) to take effect on the date of their marriage.  2, record 34, English, - marriage%20contract

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le contrat de mariage est un acte juridique écrit ayant pour objet de déterminer le statut et le sort des biens pendant et jusqu'à la dissolution du mariage.  2, record 34, French, - contrat%20de%20mariage

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le contrat de mariage ou d'union civile a une autre utilité importante. Il sert à avantager votre conjoint ou vous-même, de même que vos enfants par des donations de biens ou d’argent. Les donations consenties dans le contrat de mariage ou d'union civile sont de deux types : entre vifs (du vivant des conjoints) ou à cause de mort (à la mort de l’un des conjoints).  3, record 34, French, - contrat%20de%20mariage

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Residual policy consideration outside the relationship of the parties that might negative the imposition of a duty of care. They are not concerned with the relationship between the parties, but with the effect of recognizing a duty of care on other legal obligations, the legal system and society more generally  1, record 35, English, - residual%20policy%20consideration

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Aucune considération de politique résiduelle n’est suffisamment impérieuse, isolément ou avec d’autres, pour que soit écartée l’obligation de diligence prima facie de Pinkerton’s et du gouvernement territorial.  1, record 35, French, - consid%C3%A9ration%20de%20politique%20r%C3%A9siduelle

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Associations of states. Independent states may enter into forms of co-operation by consent and on an equal basis. The basis for the co-operation may be the constitution of an international organization, such as the United Nations or the World Health Organization. However, by treaty or custom other structures for maintaining co-operation may be created. One such structure, the confederation, has in practice either disintegrated or been transformed into a federation. In recent times the British Commonwealth of Nations and the French Community have provided examples of associations of states of a special type. Membership of these two associations would not necessarily affect the primary legal capacities and personality of member states any more than membership of an organization and has less effect than membership of some organizations, for example, the European Economic Community, which has a slight federal element, albeit on a treaty basis.  3, record 36, English, - association%20of%20states

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Toute collectivité composée d'États liés entre eux selon des modalités variables.  2, record 36, French, - association%20d%27%C3%89tats

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pilotti [...], après avoir énoncé que «les formes dans lesquelles une association peut se réaliser sont pratiquement très nombreuses et très différentes l'une de l'autre», présente une classification dans laquelle il distingue «l'association d'États [...] constituée en vue d'un objet déterminé, qui intéresse les relations internationales [...] entre les États associés seuls», «les associations qui se présentent comme telles vis-à-vis des tiers, sans toutefois apparaître comme des unités», celles qui présentent en outre ce caractère particulier «d'avoir des organes communs à tous les États qui en font partie», celles dans lesquelles «l'association acquiert une personnalité distincte, au point de vue international, de celles des États associés», les «groupements dans lesquels les États membres ont perdu toute possibilité d'entrer en relations avec les États tiers, la somme des relations internationales étant exercée par le groupement tout entier», enfin le groupement dans lequel la somme de ces mêmes relations «serait exercée par un seul des États membres».  2, record 36, French, - association%20d%27%C3%89tats

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

“La organización internacional es una asociación de Estados establecida mediante un acuerdo internacional por tres o más Estados, para la consecución de unos objetivos comunes y dotada de estructura institucional con órganos permanentes, propios e independientes de los Estados miembros”.  1, record 36, Spanish, - asociaci%C3%B3n%20de%20Estados

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

contract  1, record 37, English, - enure%20to%20the%20benefit%20of

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 2 OBS

inure: to take effect  3, record 37, English, - enure%20to%20the%20benefit%20of

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 3 OBS

inure; enure. The former is the standard spelling in both legal and nonlegal texts. Inure=(1) to take effect, come into use; or(2) to make accustomed to something unpleasant; habituate. Sense(1) is the sense that usually appears in legal contexts :"The rule is well established that whenever a contract between attorney and client inures to the benefit or advantage of the attorney the court will not only closely scrutinize but will actually change the ordinary rules of evidence to arrive at a determination. "/"The damages must inure to the exclusive benefit of the widow and children. "The noun is ’inurement’.  2, record 37, English, - enure%20to%20the%20benefit%20of

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Probative. Having the effect of proof, tending to prove, or actually proving. When a legal controversy goes to trial, the parties seek to prove their cases by the introduction of evidence. All courts are governed by rules of evidence that describe what types of evidence are admissible.  2, record 38, English, - probative%20oath

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Probative. Tending to prove or disprove. Courts can exclude relevant evidence if its probative value is substantially outweighed by the danger of unfair prejudice.  3, record 38, English, - probative%20oath

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Serment prêté par une personne en vue de faire la preuve d'un fait.  1, record 38, French, - serment%20probatoire

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Communist Party of Germany was a major political party in Germany between 1918 and 1933, and a minor party in West Germany in the postwar period. It was banned in West Germany in 1956 by the Constitutional Court and was in effect wound up in 1969, when a new, legal German Communist Party(DKP) was formed.  1, record 39, English, - German%20Communist%20Party

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Parti communiste d'Allemagne fondé en décembre 1918 autour de la ligue spartakiste, avec Rosa Luxemburg et Karl Liebknecht.  1, record 39, French, - Parti%20communiste%20d%27Allemagne

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Projet de loi cité : The Child Custody Enforcement Act, Bill 31, (3rd reading), 1st Sess., 32nd Legislature (Man.), p. 10.  2, record 40, French, - %C3%AAtre%20en%20vigueur

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A "legal interest in land" that represents the ability to effect changes in other "legal interests".  2, record 41, English, - power

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

power: Term officially approved by the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.  3, record 41, English, - power

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pouvoir : Terme uniformisé au ministère des Affaires indiennes et du Nord canadien.  2, record 41, French, - pouvoir

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... a unilateral statement, however phrased or named, made by a State, when signing, ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to a treaty, whereby it purports to exclude or to modify the legal effect of certain provisions of the treaty in their application to that State.  2, record 42, English, - reservation%20of%20a%20State

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] déclaration unilatérale, quel que soit son libellé ou sa désignation, faite par un État quand il signe, ratifie, accepte ou approuve un traité ou y adhère, par laquelle il vise à exclure ou à modifier l'effet juridique de certaines dispositions du traité dans leur application à cet État.  2, record 42, French, - r%C3%A9serve%20d%27un%20%C3%89tat

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Art. 2 (1) d) de la Convention de Vienne sur le droit des traités.  3, record 42, French, - r%C3%A9serve%20d%27un%20%C3%89tat

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Declaración unilateral, cualquiera que sea su enunciado o denominación hecha por un Estado al firmar, ratificar, aceptar o aprobar un tratado o al adherirse a él, con objeto de excluir o modificar los efectos jurídicos de ciertas disposiciones del tratado en su aplicación a ese Estado.  1, record 42, Spanish, - reserva%20de%20un%20Estado

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

reserva: Término definido en el artículo 2 (1) d) de la Convención de Viena sobre el Derecho de los Tratados.  2, record 42, Spanish, - reserva%20de%20un%20Estado

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 2 OBS

reserva; reserva de un Estado: Expresiones y definición reproducidas del Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos con la autorización de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas en Ginebra.  2, record 42, Spanish, - reserva%20de%20un%20Estado

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The decision to grant is solely a decision to grant a patent on an application, it is not a decision to grant a patent to a particular individual, nor is it a decision to grant a patent having legal effect on a certain date.  1, record 43, English, - grant%20a%20patent%20on%20an%20application

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

To patent: to obtain a patent on or for (an invention, for example)  2, record 43, English, - grant%20a%20patent%20on%20an%20application

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Toute personne qui a fait une invention susceptible d'application industrielle ou son ayant cause peut obtenir un brevet sur demande et acquérir ainsi un droit exclusif d'exploiter commercialement l'invention conformément à la présente loi.  1, record 43, French, - obtenir%20un%20brevet%20sur%20demande

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... "synthetic competence". This concept contemplates treating mentally ill persons for the purpose of making them competent to stand trial, in order to convict and sentence them.  2, record 44, English, - synthetic%20competence

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 2 CONT

There is... a combined legal-pharmacological-psychiatric enquiry required in relation to synthetic competence. In order to determine the legal effect of synthetic competence, it is necessary for courts to have some idea of the effect of psychotropic drugs on a person's mind.  2, record 44, English, - synthetic%20competence

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... the natural person or the legal entity in whose name the international deposit is recorded in the international register.  2, record 45, English, - owner%20of%20the%20international%20deposit

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The International Bureau warns the owners of international deposit and their agents that such a publication has absolutely no legal effect in regard to the protection of the said industrial designs and is therefore unnecessary.  3, record 45, English, - owner%20of%20the%20international%20deposit

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le Bureau international prévient les titulaires de dépôts internationaux et leurs mandataires que de telles publications n'ont absolument aucun effet juridique quant à la protection des dessins et modèles industriels concernés et sont donc inutiles.  2, record 45, French, - titulaire%20du%20d%C3%A9p%C3%B4t%20international

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Ce terme] la personne physique ou morale dont le nom est inscrit au registre international en tant que titulaire du dépôt international.  3, record 45, French, - titulaire%20du%20d%C3%A9p%C3%B4t%20international

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 DEF

To complete or carry into effect. Where a legal instrument is involved, to complete all the formalities necessary in order to give validity thereto. Thus, to execute a deed requires that it be signed, sealed and delivered.(Yogis, 1983, p. 80)  2, record 46, English, - execute

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Mounted Police Members’ Legal Fund(Legal Fund) is a non-profit corporation through which funding may be provided for : a. actions to bring a resolution of issues between members of The Mounted Police Members’ Legal Fund and the Government of Canada; b. actions taken collectively or individually with respect to matters which affect the dignity or welfare of a member or members of the Legal Fund which are not funded under benefit programs, including any Treasury Board policies and directives or any RCMP policies and directives, in effect by the RCMP or the Government of Canada for the benefit of members of the RCMP; and, c. researching, investigating, exploring, analyzing, examining, collecting of information or data and hiring outside counsel or organizations to do any of the foregoing in respect of issues described in(a) or(b) above.  2, record 47, English, - Mounted%20Police%20Members%26rsquo%3B%20Legal%20Fund

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le Fonds de recours juridique des membres de la Gendarmerie (Fonds de recours juridique) est une société sans but lucratif qui peut fournir des fonds pour les activités suivantes : a. poursuites visant à résoudre des conflits entres des membres du Fonds de recours juridique et le gouvernement du Canada; b. poursuites intentées collectivement ou individuellement relativement à des questions qui touchent la dignité ou le bien-être de membres du Fonds de recours juridique, lesquelles ne sont pas financées par des programmes, y compris les politiques et les directives du Conseil du Trésor ou de la GRC, appliquées par la GRC ou le gouvernement du Canada pour procurer des avantages aux membres de la GRC; c. recherches, enquêtes, analyses, examens et collecte d'informations ou de données, et engagement d'avocats ou d'organisations externes pour exécuter l'une des tâches susmentionnées relativement à des questions décrites aux paragraphes a) et b).  1, record 47, French, - Fonds%20de%20recours%20juridique%20des%20membres%20de%20la%20Gendarmerie

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Separate legal entities, within the government reporting entity, created by the government's own legislation. This legislation establishes an accountability relationship with parties external to the government reporting entity to use the entity's assets or net assets as specified while that legislation is in effect. Such legislation stipulates, either explicitly or implicitly through the terms of the legislation, that :(i) the entity's revenues, which are derived principally from identified parties external to the government reporting entity in exchange for specified goods or services, can only be used to provide those goods and services; and(ii) the government cannot use the assets or net assets of the entity for a purpose other than providing the goods and services for which the resources were received.  2, record 48, English, - internally%20restricted%20entity

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Entité juridique distincte comprise dans le périmètre comptable du gouvernement et établie par une loi du gouvernement lui-même qui fait obligation à l'entité d'utiliser ses actifs ou actifs nets conformément à des fins déterminées ou d'en rendre compte à des tiers non compris dans le périmètre comptable du gouvernement, tant que la loi est en vigueur. La loi prévoit, explicitement ou implicitement, que : i) les revenus de l'entité, qui proviennent principalement de tiers déterminés non compris dans le périmètre comptable du gouvernement en échange de biens ou de services précis, peuvent être utilisés uniquement pour la fourniture de ces biens ou la prestation de ces services; ii) le gouvernement ne peut utiliser les actifs ou les actifs nets de l'entité à d'autres fins que la fourniture des biens ou la prestation des services pour lesquels les ressources ont été reçues.  2, record 48, French, - entit%C3%A9%20vis%C3%A9e%20par%20une%20affectation%20d%27origine%20interne

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Certified copy.  1, record 49, English, - be%20of%20the%20same%20legal%20effect%20as%20the%20original

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 DEF

nullity :... an act or proceeding in a cause which the opposite party may treat as though it had not taken place, or which has absolutely no legal force or effect.  3, record 50, English, - nullity

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Absence de valeur juridique affectant un acte, une décision à qui manquent une des conditions de fond ou de forme nécessaires pour sa validité, ce défaut de validité entraînant, suivant les cas, des conséquences plus ou moins immédiates et plus ou moins étendues.  3, record 50, French, - nullit%C3%A9

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ineficiencia de los actos jurídicos por carencia de algunos de sus presupuestos o requisitos necesarios.  1, record 50, Spanish, - invalidez

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 DEF

retroactive effect : in accordance with the intention of the parties concerned, legal acts may date back to a time prior to such acts.  4, record 51, English, - retroactive%20effect

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  French

Record 52,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 53,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An organ of the national service of legal metrology whose object is : a) to ensure that the standaards of the local verification offices, mobile offices and verification centres in a particular area are of suitable accuracy; b) to supervise the activities of these offices, to effect metrological supervision of the particular area; c) to carry out the verification of certain measuring instruments reserved for the regional verification office.  1, record 53, English, - Regional%20Verification%20Office

Record 53,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Organisme du Service national de métrologie légale dont le but est : a) d'assurer une précision convenable aux étalons des bureaux locaux de vérification; des bureaux de vérification ambulants et des centres de vérification sur un territoire déterminé; b) de surveiller l'activité de ces bureaux, d'effectuer la surveillance métrologique sur ce territoire; c) d'exécuter les vérifications de certains instruments de mesurage qui lui sont réservées.  1, record 53, French, - Bureau%20r%C3%A9gional%20de%20v%C3%A9rification

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Bureau régional de vérification : recommandation internationale de la Troisième Conférence Internationale de Métrologie Légale, 1968.  2, record 53, French, - Bureau%20r%C3%A9gional%20de%20v%C3%A9rification

Record 53,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 54,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The [Legal, Institutional and Drafting Work] Group will : develop the legal elements of an agreement such as notification and consultation, equal access, non-discrimination, liability and compensation;-propose institutional arrangements needed to give effect to an agreement and monitor its implementation; and-review proposals of the Work Group and refine language of draft provisions of an agreement.  1, record 54, English, - Work%20Group%204

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The abbreviation was not found in the USOA documents. It is a proposal based on the abbreviations WG-1, WG-2, WG-3B which are documented.  2, record 54, English, - Work%20Group%204

Record 54,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Bien que les équivalents français cités en vedette soient tirés d'un document traduit, ils revêtent néanmoins un caractère officiel.  2, record 54, French, - groupe%20de%20travail%204

Record 54,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 55,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Art. 1 of Convention(III) Relative to the Opening of Hostilities of the Hague Conference of 1907 provides that the hostilities between the contracting powers "must not commence without previous and explicit warning, in the form either of a reasoned declaration of war or of an ultimatum with conditional declaration of war". Moreover, under Art. 2, the existence of a state of war must be notified to neutral powers without delay, and would not take effect in regard to them until so notified, unless it were clearly shown that they were in fact aware of the existence of war. In the absence of such a declaration the legal effects of the war date from the commencement of hostilities if these are an expression of hostile intent. Although in that case the failure to make a declaration would constitute a breach of International Law.  1, record 55, English, - opening%20of%20hostilities

Record 55,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Passage de l'état de paix à l'état de guerre. Expression employée dans le titre de la [Convention] III, La Haye, 18 octobre 1907, pour désigner le commencement de l'état de guerre entre deux ou plusieurs États.  1, record 55, French, - ouverture%20des%20hostilit%C3%A9s

Record 55,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 56,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 1 OBS

including levying of execution.  1, record 56, English, - all%20notifications%20by%20huissier

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Huissiers : In French law, marshals; ushers; process-servers; sheriff's officers. Ministerial officers attached to the courts, to effect legal service of process required by law in actions, to issue executions, etc., and to maintain order during the sitting of the courts.  2, record 56, English, - all%20notifications%20by%20huissier

Record 56,  Textual support,  French

Record 56,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 57,  Textual support,  French

Record 57,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 58,  Textual support,  French

Record 58,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 59,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 59, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the subscription or pledge card [is], in effect, particularly for a capital campaign, a legal contract between the donor and the donee, with the former committing himself legally to make payments toward an overall pledged amount.  2, record 59, English, - pledge%20card

Record 59,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 59, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Renseignement fourni par le Service de traduction de Centraide Canada.  1, record 59, French, - carte%20de%20souscription

Record 59,  Textual support,  Spanish