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MRNA [67 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 2026-05-22
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- branch point
1, record 1, English, branch%20point
correct, noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
- BP 2, record 1, English, BP
correct, noun
Record 1, Synonyms, English
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
A branch point is a specific nucleotide within a pre-mRNA [pre-messenger ribonucleic acid] molecule where the splicing process occurs, allowing for the removal of introns and the joining of exons. This location is crucial for accurate splicing and influences the formation of mature mRNA [messenger ribonucleic acid], which can lead to different protein products through alternative splicing. The branch point typically contains an adenosine residue, which plays a vital role in the catalysis of the splicing reaction. 3, record 1, English, - branch%20point
Record 1, Key term(s)
- branch-point
- branchpoint
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- point de branchement
1, record 1, French, point%20de%20branchement
correct, masculine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
- PB 2, record 1, French, PB
correct, masculine noun
Record 1, Synonyms, French
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les points de branchement représentent de courts motifs et sont situés à une distance variable en amont des sites accepteurs d'épissage. 3, record 1, French, - point%20de%20branchement
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 CONT
L'élimination des introns est complexe et requiert de nombreux facteurs. La première étape correspond à un clivage de l'extrémité 5' de l'intro (site donneur) qui va se lier au résidu «A» [adénosine] du point de branchement situé entre 20 à 40 nucléotides en amont de l'extrémité 3' de l'intron (site accepteur). 4, record 1, French, - point%20de%20branchement
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record 2 - internal organization data 2026-03-18
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- primary transcript
1, record 2, English, primary%20transcript
correct, noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
Record 2, Synonyms, English
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
An RNA [ribonucleic acid] molecule as it was initially transcribed from DNA. 2, record 2, English, - primary%20transcript
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS
For example, a precursor mRNA(pre-mRNA) is a type of primary transcript that becomes a messenger RNA(mRNA) after processing. 3, record 2, English, - primary%20transcript
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Biochimie
- Biologie moléculaire
- Génétique
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- transcrit primaire
1, record 2, French, transcrit%20primaire
correct, masculine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Molécule d'ARN [acide ribonucléique] qui est intégralement transcrite à partir d'un segment d'ADN par l'ARN polymérase et qui n'a pas encore subi d'étapes de maturation altérant sa séquence. 2, record 2, French, - transcrit%20primaire
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Les ARN [acides ribonucléiques] prémessagers sont les transcrits primaires des ARN messagers. 2, record 2, French, - transcrit%20primaire
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS
transcrit primaire : désignation et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 3 août 2024. 3, record 2, French, - transcrit%20primaire
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Bioquímica
- Biología molecular
- Genética
Record 2, Main entry term, Spanish
- transcrito primario
1, record 2, Spanish, transcrito%20primario
correct, masculine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 2, Synonyms, Spanish
- ARN precursor 1, record 2, Spanish, ARN%20precursor
correct, masculine noun
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Molécula de ARN procedente de la transcripción y que no ha experimentado ninguna modificación postranscripcional [en] eucariotas. 1, record 2, Spanish, - transcrito%20primario
Record 3 - internal organization data 2026-03-11
Record 3, English
Record 3, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 3, Main entry term, English
- splicing
1, record 3, English, splicing
correct, noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, English
Record 3, Synonyms, English
- RNA splicing 2, record 3, English, RNA%20splicing
correct, noun
- mRNA splicing 3, record 3, English, mRNA%20splicing
correct, noun
- pre-mRNA splicing 4, record 3, English, pre%2DmRNA%20splicing
correct, noun
Record 3, Textual support, English
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The process in which excision of introns from the primary transcript of messenger RNA(mRNA) is followed by ligation of the two exon termini exposed by removal of each intron, so that mRNA consisting only of the joined exons is produced. 3, record 3, English, - splicing
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS
RNA: ribonucleic acid. 5, record 3, English, - splicing
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS
mRNA : messenger ribonucleic acid. 5, record 3, English, - splicing
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 3 OBS
pre-mRNA : pre-messenger ribonucleic acid. 5, record 3, English, - splicing
Record 3, French
Record 3, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 3, Main entry term, French
- épissage
1, record 3, French, %C3%A9pissage
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, French
Record 3, Synonyms, French
- épissage de l'ARN 2, record 3, French, %C3%A9pissage%20de%20l%27ARN
correct, masculine noun
- épissage de l'ARNm 3, record 3, French, %C3%A9pissage%20de%20l%27ARNm
correct, masculine noun
- épissage de l'ARN prémessager 4, record 3, French, %C3%A9pissage%20de%20l%27ARN%20pr%C3%A9messager
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Textual support, French
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Épissage de l'ARN : élimination des introns du pré-ARNm. [...] les étapes essentielles de la maturation d'un pré-ARNm. En plus de la formation de la coiffe 5' et de la queue poly(A) dont il a déjà été question, il faut que les portions du transcript primaire correspondant aux séquences intermédiaires d'ADN (les introns) soient enlevées par un processus complexe, l'épissage de l'ARN. Pour épisser un ARN, des cassures doivent être faites dans le brin aux extrémités 5' et 3' (sites d'épissage) de chaque intron et les exons situés de part et d'autre des sites d'épissage doivent être réunis par covalence (ligature). Il est indispensable que l'épissage s'effectue avec une précision absolue, puisque l'addition ou la perte d'un seul nucléotide au niveau d'une jonction d'épissage entraînerait la traduction erronée de l'ARNm obtenu. 2, record 3, French, - %C3%A9pissage
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS
ARN : acide ribonucléique. 5, record 3, French, - %C3%A9pissage
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS
ARNm : acide ribonucléique messager. 5, record 3, French, - %C3%A9pissage
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 3 OBS
épissage : désignation publiée au Journal officiel de la République française le 4 février 2021. 5, record 3, French, - %C3%A9pissage
Record 3, Key term(s)
- épissage de l'ARN pré-messager
Record 3, Spanish
Record 3, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
Record 3, Main entry term, Spanish
- empalme génico
1, record 3, Spanish, empalme%20g%C3%A9nico
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 3, Synonyms, Spanish
- empalme del ARNm 2, record 3, Spanish, empalme%20del%20ARNm
correct, masculine noun
- empalme 2, record 3, Spanish, empalme
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Proceso que elimina las secuencias de intrones y une covalentemente las secuencias de exones [durante la maduración del ARN mensajero eucariota]. 1, record 3, Spanish, - empalme%20g%C3%A9nico
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
[Pasos del] corte y empalme del ARNm [ácido ribonucleico mensajero:] Escisión interna del pre ARNm, remoción de intrones (porciones no codificantes) y ligación de exones (porciones codificantes). [...] ¿Cómo se reconocen las secuencias que deben eliminarse? Existen secuencias consenso cortas en sitios de corte y empalme que flanquean los intrones en los pre-ARNms y que actúan como señales para su eliminación. 2, record 3, Spanish, - empalme%20g%C3%A9nico
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS
génico: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, indica que los términos genético, génico y genómico no significan lo mismo, por lo que no pueden utilizarse como sinónimos. [...] genético [es] algo 'perteneciente o relativo a la genética', entendiendo la genética como la parte de la biología que trata de la herencia y de lo relacionado con ella. [...] génico [es] algo 'perteneciente o relativo a los genes'. [Mientras que,] genómico [se refiere al] genoma o relacionado con él, entendiendo genoma como el conjunto de genes de un individuo o especie. 3, record 3, Spanish, - empalme%20g%C3%A9nico
Record 4 - internal organization data 2026-02-13
Record 4, English
Record 4, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 4, Main entry term, English
- exon
1, record 4, English, exon
correct, noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, English
Record 4, Synonyms, English
Record 4, Textual support, English
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A segment of eukaryotic gene that is transcribed as part of the primary transcript and is retained, after processing, to form a functional mRNA [messenger ribonucleic acid] molecule. 2, record 4, English, - exon
Record 4, French
Record 4, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 4, Main entry term, French
- exon
1, record 4, French, exon
correct, masculine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, French
Record 4, Synonyms, French
Record 4, Textual support, French
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Fragment de gène dont la séquence d'ADN, après transcription se retrouve dans les ARNm [acides ribonucléiques messagers] maturés. 2, record 4, French, - exon
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS
exon : désignation publiée au Journal officiel de la République française le 4 février 2021. 3, record 4, French, - exon
Record 4, Spanish
Record 4, Textual support, Spanish
Record 5 - internal organization data 2026-01-07
Record 5, English
Record 5, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 5, Main entry term, English
- guide ribonucleic acid
1, record 5, English, guide%20ribonucleic%20acid
correct, noun
Record 5, Abbreviations, English
- gRNA 1, record 5, English, gRNA
correct, noun
Record 5, Synonyms, English
- guide RNA 2, record 5, English, guide%20RNA
correct, noun
- gRNA 3, record 5, English, gRNA
correct, noun
- gRNA 3, record 5, English, gRNA
Record 5, Textual support, English
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Guide RNAs(gRNAs) are tiny RNA [ribonucleic acid] transcripts that guide the editing machinery through base-pairing with the mRNAs [messenger ribonucleic acids] in edited regions. gRNAs are complementary to small segments of the fully edited mRNAs, and thus serve as mini-templates to guide the addition and deletion of Us from the pre-edited mRNA as they form a locally double-stranded RNA helix. 4, record 5, English, - guide%20ribonucleic%20acid
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT
No one studying molecular biology can escape the impact that the CRISPR/Cas9 system has had on the field. In its natural environment, it functions as an adaptive bacterial immune system that can remember past viral infections. However, it is mainly known and popular as a highly versatile and precise tool for gene editing .... At the heart of the system is Cas9, a programmable and sequence‐specific endonuclease that introduces double‐strand breaks into DNA, which can be exploited to modify the DNA sequence in many different ways. The Cas9 cleavage site is determined by a small RNA molecule, termed guide RNA (gRNA), that base pairs with the target DNA and at the same time binds to Cas9 to initiate the site‐specific double‐strand break ... 5, record 5, English, - guide%20ribonucleic%20acid
Record 5, French
Record 5, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 5, Main entry term, French
- acide ribonucléique guide
1, record 5, French, acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20guide
correct, masculine noun
Record 5, Abbreviations, French
- ARNg 1, record 5, French, ARNg
correct, masculine noun
Record 5, Synonyms, French
- ARN guide 2, record 5, French, ARN%20guide
correct, masculine noun
- ARNg 3, record 5, French, ARNg
correct, masculine noun
- ARNg 3, record 5, French, ARNg
Record 5, Textual support, French
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF
ARN s'associant à une enzyme ou à un complexe protéique, qui, lorsqu'il s'apparie à une séquence d'ARN ou d'ADN complémentaire, permet à l'enzyme ou au complexe protéique de se positionner sur cet ARN ou ADN complémentaire. 4, record 5, French, - acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20guide
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
ARN guide : désignation et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 28 mars 2018. 5, record 5, French, - acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20guide
Record 5, Spanish
Record 5, Textual support, Spanish
Record 6 - internal organization data 2025-12-15
Record 6, English
Record 6, Subject field(s)
- Immunology
Record 6, Main entry term, English
- nucleoside-modified messenger ribonucleic acid vaccine
1, record 6, English, nucleoside%2Dmodified%20messenger%20ribonucleic%20acid%20vaccine
correct, noun
Record 6, Abbreviations, English
Record 6, Synonyms, English
- nucleoside-modified messenger RNA vaccine 2, record 6, English, nucleoside%2Dmodified%20messenger%20RNA%20vaccine
correct, noun
- nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccine 3, record 6, English, nucleoside%2Dmodified%20mRNA%20vaccine
correct, noun
- modRNA vaccine 4, record 6, English, modRNA%20vaccine
correct, noun
Record 6, Textual support, English
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccines represent a new and highly efficacious category of mRNA vaccines. 5, record 6, English, - nucleoside%2Dmodified%20messenger%20ribonucleic%20acid%20vaccine
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS
nucleoside-modified messenger ribonucleic acid; nucleoside-modified messenger RNA; nucleoside-modified mRNA; modRNA :... a synthetic messenger RNA(mRNA) in which some nucleosides are replaced by other naturally modified nucleosides or by synthetic nucleoside analogues. 6, record 6, English, - nucleoside%2Dmodified%20messenger%20ribonucleic%20acid%20vaccine
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS
nucleoside: A compound (such as guanosine or adenosine) that consists of a purine or pyrimidine base combined with deoxyribose or ribose and is found especially in DNA or RNA [ribonucleic acid]. 7, record 6, English, - nucleoside%2Dmodified%20messenger%20ribonucleic%20acid%20vaccine
Record 6, French
Record 6, Domaine(s)
- Immunologie
Record 6, Main entry term, French
- vaccin à acide ribonucléique messager à nucléoside modifié
1, record 6, French, vaccin%20%C3%A0%20acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20messager%20%C3%A0%20nucl%C3%A9oside%20modifi%C3%A9
correct, masculine noun
Record 6, Abbreviations, French
Record 6, Synonyms, French
- vaccin à ARN messager à nucléoside modifié 2, record 6, French, vaccin%20%C3%A0%20ARN%20messager%20%C3%A0%20nucl%C3%A9oside%20modifi%C3%A9
correct, masculine noun
- vaccin à ARNm à nucléoside modifié 3, record 6, French, vaccin%20%C3%A0%20ARNm%20%C3%A0%20nucl%C3%A9oside%20modifi%C3%A9
correct, masculine noun
Record 6, Textual support, French
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS
nucléoside : Molécule composée d'une base de purine ou de pyrimidine et d'un sucre (ribose ou désoxyribose). 4, record 6, French, - vaccin%20%C3%A0%20acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20messager%20%C3%A0%20nucl%C3%A9oside%20modifi%C3%A9
Record 6, Spanish
Record 6, Textual support, Spanish
Record 7 - internal organization data 2025-10-31
Record 7, English
Record 7, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 7, Main entry term, English
- pre-messenger ribonucleic acid
1, record 7, English, pre%2Dmessenger%20ribonucleic%20acid
correct, noun
Record 7, Abbreviations, English
Record 7, Synonyms, English
- pre-messenger RNA 2, record 7, English, pre%2Dmessenger%20RNA
correct, noun
- premessenger ribonucleic acid 3, record 7, English, premessenger%20ribonucleic%20acid
correct, noun
- premessenger RNA 4, record 7, English, premessenger%20RNA
correct, noun
- pre-mRNA 5, record 7, English, pre%2DmRNA
correct, noun
- precursor messenger ribonucleic acid 6, record 7, English, precursor%20messenger%20ribonucleic%20acid
correct, noun
- precursor messenger RNA 7, record 7, English, precursor%20messenger%20RNA
correct, noun
- precursor mRNA 8, record 7, English, precursor%20mRNA
correct, noun
Record 7, Textual support, English
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Pre-messenger RNA is processed to form mature messenger RNA [ribonucleic acid] (post-transcription), translocated into the cytosol to become a template for protein synthesis in the ribosome. 9, record 7, English, - pre%2Dmessenger%20ribonucleic%20acid
Record 7, French
Record 7, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 7, Main entry term, French
- acide ribonucléique prémessager
1, record 7, French, acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20pr%C3%A9messager
correct, masculine noun
Record 7, Abbreviations, French
Record 7, Synonyms, French
- ARN prémessager 2, record 7, French, ARN%20pr%C3%A9messager
correct, masculine noun
- pré-ARN messager 3, record 7, French, pr%C3%A9%2DARN%20messager
correct, masculine noun
- pré-ARNm 4, record 7, French, pr%C3%A9%2DARNm
correct, masculine noun
- acide ribonucléique messager précurseur 5, record 7, French, acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20messager%20pr%C3%A9curseur
correct, masculine noun
- ARN messager précurseur 6, record 7, French, ARN%20messager%20pr%C3%A9curseur
correct, masculine noun
- ARNm précurseur 7, record 7, French, ARNm%20pr%C3%A9curseur
correct, masculine noun
Record 7, Textual support, French
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Lorsque l'ADN est transcrit en ARNm [acide ribonucléique messager], la molécule initiale d'ARNm (appelée pré-ARNm) doit souvent être épissée en de nouvelles formes par des complexes protéiques. 8, record 7, French, - acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20pr%C3%A9messager
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS
ARN prémessager : désignation publiée au Journal officiel de la République française le 26 septembre 2025. 5, record 7, French, - acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20pr%C3%A9messager
Record 7, Key term(s)
- acide ribonucléique pré-messager
- ARN pré-messager
Record 7, Spanish
Record 7, Textual support, Spanish
Record 8 - internal organization data 2021-10-06
Record 8, English
Record 8, Subject field(s)
- Immunology
Record 8, Main entry term, English
- messenger ribonucleic acid vaccine
1, record 8, English, messenger%20ribonucleic%20acid%20vaccine
correct
Record 8, Abbreviations, English
Record 8, Synonyms, English
- mRNA vaccine 2, record 8, English, mRNA%20vaccine
correct
- messenger RNA vaccine 3, record 8, English, messenger%20RNA%20vaccine
correct
- messenger ribonucleic acid-based vaccine 4, record 8, English, messenger%20ribonucleic%20acid%2Dbased%20vaccine
correct
- mRNA-based vaccine 3, record 8, English, mRNA%2Dbased%20vaccine
correct
- messenger RNA-based vaccine 5, record 8, English, messenger%20RNA%2Dbased%20vaccine
correct
Record 8, Textual support, English
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS
After the mRNA [messenger ribonucleic acid] vaccine is administered, the body of the vaccinated person produces antigens by translating the administered mRNA. The antigens then stimulate the immune response. Since the vaccine does not contain the whole virus, it does not cause infection. Furthermore, the vaccine's mRNA does not enter the nucleus of the cell. 3, record 8, English, - messenger%20ribonucleic%20acid%20vaccine
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Most RNA [ribonucleic acid] vaccines developed to prevent COVID-19 are mRNA [messenger ribonucleic acid] vaccines. 3, record 8, English, - messenger%20ribonucleic%20acid%20vaccine
Record 8, French
Record 8, Domaine(s)
- Immunologie
Record 8, Main entry term, French
- vaccin à acide ribonucléique messager
1, record 8, French, vaccin%20%C3%A0%20acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20messager
correct, masculine noun
Record 8, Abbreviations, French
Record 8, Synonyms, French
- vaccin à ARNm 2, record 8, French, vaccin%20%C3%A0%20ARNm
correct, masculine noun
- vaccin à ARN messager 3, record 8, French, vaccin%20%C3%A0%20ARN%20messager
correct, masculine noun
- vaccin à base d'acide ribonucléique messager 4, record 8, French, vaccin%20%C3%A0%20base%20d%27acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20messager
correct, masculine noun
- vaccin à base d'ARNm 5, record 8, French, vaccin%20%C3%A0%20base%20d%27ARNm
correct, masculine noun
- vaccin à base d'ARN messager 6, record 8, French, vaccin%20%C3%A0%20base%20d%27ARN%20messager
correct, masculine noun
Record 8, Textual support, French
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Après l'administration du vaccin à ARNm [acide ribonucléique messager], le corps de la personne vaccinée produit des antigènes en traduisant l'ARNm administré. Les antigènes stimulent ensuite la réponse immunitaire. Étant donné que le vaccin ne contient pas le virus entier, il ne cause pas d'infection. En outre, l'ARNm du vaccin ne pénètre pas dans le noyau des cellules. 6, record 8, French, - vaccin%20%C3%A0%20acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20messager
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS
La majorité des vaccins à ARN [acide ribonucléique] élaborés pour prévenir la COVID-19 sont des vaccins à ARNm [acide ribonucléique messager]. 6, record 8, French, - vaccin%20%C3%A0%20acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20messager
Record 8, Spanish
Record 8, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Inmunología
Record 8, Main entry term, Spanish
- vacuna de ácido ribonucléico mensajero
1, record 8, Spanish, vacuna%20de%20%C3%A1cido%20ribonucl%C3%A9ico%20mensajero
correct, feminine noun
Record 8, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 8, Synonyms, Spanish
- vacuna de ARNm 1, record 8, Spanish, vacuna%20de%20ARNm
correct, feminine noun
Record 8, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Vacunas de ácido ribonucleico mensajero (ARNm): Son un nuevo tipo de vacunas que protegen contra enfermedades infecciosas. Enseñan a las células del cuerpo a producir una proteína, o incluso una porción de ella, que hace que inicie una respuesta inmunitaria. [...] Las vacunas de ARNm proporcionan "instrucciones" para que las células humanas produzcan la proteína que se encuentra en la superficie del virus que causa la COVID-19. 1, record 8, Spanish, - vacuna%20de%20%C3%A1cido%20ribonucl%C3%A9ico%20mensajero
Record 9 - internal organization data 2021-07-23
Record 9, English
Record 9, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 9, Main entry term, English
- messenger ribonucleic acid
1, record 9, English, messenger%20ribonucleic%20acid
correct
Record 9, Abbreviations, English
- mRNA 2, record 9, English, mRNA
correct
Record 9, Synonyms, English
- messenger RNA 3, record 9, English, messenger%20RNA
correct
- mRNA 4, record 9, English, mRNA
correct
- mRNA 4, record 9, English, mRNA
Record 9, Textual support, English
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Messenger RNA(mRNA) is a single-stranded RNA molecule that is complementary to one of the DNA strands of a gene. The mRNA is an RNA version of the gene that leaves the cell nucleus and moves to the cytoplasm where proteins are made. During protein synthesis, an organelle called a ribosome moves along the mRNA, reads its base sequence, and uses the genetic code to translate each three-base triplet, or codon, into its corresponding amino acid. 5, record 9, English, - messenger%20ribonucleic%20acid
Record 9, French
Record 9, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 9, Main entry term, French
- acide ribonucléique messager
1, record 9, French, acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20messager
correct, masculine noun
Record 9, Abbreviations, French
- ARNm 2, record 9, French, ARNm
correct, masculine noun
Record 9, Synonyms, French
- ARN messager 3, record 9, French, ARN%20messager
correct, masculine noun, standardized
- ARNm 3, record 9, French, ARNm
correct, masculine noun, standardized
- ARNm 3, record 9, French, ARNm
Record 9, Textual support, French
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF
ARN synthétisé par transcription de l'ADN et codant pour une protéine. 4, record 9, French, - acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20messager
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS
ARN messager; ARNm : désignations et définition normalisées par l'AFNOR; définition reproduite avec son autorisation. 5, record 9, French, - acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20messager
Record 9, Spanish
Record 9, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
Record 9, Main entry term, Spanish
- ARN mensajero
1, record 9, Spanish, ARN%20mensajero
correct, masculine noun
Record 9, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 9, Synonyms, Spanish
- ácido ribonucleico mensajero 1, record 9, Spanish, %C3%A1cido%20ribonucleico%20mensajero
correct, masculine noun
Record 9, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Ácido nucleico que transcribe un mensaje genético generado en el ADN del núcleo y lo lleva a un ribosoma en el citoplasma, donde sirve como plantilla para la síntesis de proteínas. 1, record 9, Spanish, - ARN%20mensajero
Record 10 - internal organization data 2017-01-10
Record 10, English
Record 10, Subject field(s)
- Biotechnology
Record 10, Main entry term, English
- gene trapping
1, record 10, English, gene%20trapping
correct
Record 10, Abbreviations, English
Record 10, Synonyms, English
Record 10, Textual support, English
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Gene trapping in murine embryonic stem cells is a proven method for the simultaneous identification and mutation of genes in the mouse. Gene trap vectors are designed to detect insertions within genes through the production of a fusion mRNA transcript, making the identification of the endogenous gene possible by 5’ rapid amplification of cDNA ends(RACE). 1, record 10, English, - gene%20trapping
Record 10, French
Record 10, Domaine(s)
- Biotechnologie
Record 10, Main entry term, French
- piégeage de gènes
1, record 10, French, pi%C3%A9geage%20de%20g%C3%A8nes
correct, masculine noun
Record 10, Abbreviations, French
Record 10, Synonyms, French
- technique de piégeage des gènes 2, record 10, French, technique%20de%20pi%C3%A9geage%20des%20g%C3%A8nes
proposal, feminine noun
Record 10, Textual support, French
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La recherche de gènes essentiels au développement embryonnaire de la souris a été abordée par la mise en œuvre de stratégies variées. Comparée à toutes ces approches, la stratégie de piégeage de gènes présente un important avantage : elle associe l'isolement et la caractérisation moléculaire d'un gène à l'étude de son profil d'expression ainsi qu'à la détermination de sa fonction in vivo. 1, record 10, French, - pi%C3%A9geage%20de%20g%C3%A8nes
Record 10, Spanish
Record 10, Textual support, Spanish
Record 11 - internal organization data 2015-04-20
Record 11, English
Record 11, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Record 11, Main entry term, English
- reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction
1, record 11, English, reverse%20transcription%2Dpolymerase%20chain%20reaction
correct
Record 11, Abbreviations, English
- RT-PCR 2, record 11, English, RT%2DPCR
correct
Record 11, Synonyms, English
- reverse transcriptase PCR 3, record 11, English, reverse%20transcriptase%20PCR
correct
- RT-PCR 3, record 11, English, RT%2DPCR
correct
- RT-PCR 3, record 11, English, RT%2DPCR
Record 11, Textual support, English
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT
It is a technique used in genetic studies that allows the detection and quantification of mRNA [messenger ribonucleic acid] It is a very sensitive method that shows whether or not a specific gene is being expressed in a given sample. RT-PCR is a very important test in the field of Genetically-Modified Organisms(GMO's) because it gives researchers a mechanism to test whether any specific gene is turned on(active) or turned off(inactive). This allows researchers to identify the benefits of genetically-modified organisms with respect to their "natural" counterparts and search for any significant differences in which genes are expressed in the two types of organisms. 3, record 11, English, - reverse%20transcription%2Dpolymerase%20chain%20reaction
Record 11, French
Record 11, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
- Biologie moléculaire
Record 11, Main entry term, French
- méthode PCR-CDNA
1, record 11, French, m%C3%A9thode%20PCR%2DCDNA
correct, feminine noun
Record 11, Abbreviations, French
Record 11, Synonyms, French
- technique de RT-PCR 2, record 11, French, technique%20de%20RT%2DPCR
correct, feminine noun
- RT-PCR 3, record 11, French, RT%2DPCR
correct
- RT-PCR 3, record 11, French, RT%2DPCR
- méthode RT-PCR 1, record 11, French, m%C3%A9thode%20RT%2DPCR
correct, feminine noun
- technique de l'ADNc-PCR 4, record 11, French, technique%20de%20l%27ADNc%2DPCR
correct, feminine noun
Record 11, Textual support, French
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La PCR et la RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase PCR) permettent la synthèse de millions de copies d'un segment spécifique d'ADN ou d'ARN (après une étape de transcription inverse permettant la synthèse d'un ADNc), grâce à une succession de réactions se faisant à différentes températures : dénaturation de l'ADN cible par rupture des liaisons hydrogène à 94° C, hybridation des amorces sur une séquence complémentaire d'un des brins d'ADN au niveau 3' (entre 37 °C et 68 °C), élongation (à 72 °C le plus souvent) grâce aux dNTP ajoutés dans le milieu réactionnel et à une enzyme thermostable à activité ADN polymérase (Taq polymérase). 3, record 11, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20PCR%2DCDNA
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Technique de transcription inverse suivie de réaction en chaîne de la polymérase. 5, record 11, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20PCR%2DCDNA
Record 11, Spanish
Record 11, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
- Biología molecular
Record 11, Main entry term, Spanish
- reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa
1, record 11, Spanish, reacci%C3%B3n%20en%20cadena%20de%20la%20polimerasa%20con%20transcriptasa%20inversa
correct, feminine noun
Record 11, Abbreviations, Spanish
- RCP-TI 1, record 11, Spanish, RCP%2DTI
correct, feminine noun
Record 11, Synonyms, Spanish
- reacción en cadena de la polimerasa-transcriptasa inversa 2, record 11, Spanish, reacci%C3%B3n%20en%20cadena%20de%20la%20polimerasa%2Dtranscriptasa%20inversa
correct, feminine noun
Record 11, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS
[...] la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa-transcriptasa inversa. Se utiliza para la detección y amplificación de ARN, permite estudiar la expresión de determinados genes (su traducción a proteínas). 2, record 11, Spanish, - reacci%C3%B3n%20en%20cadena%20de%20la%20polimerasa%20con%20transcriptasa%20inversa
Record 12 - internal organization data 2013-11-15
Record 12, English
Record 12, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 12, Main entry term, English
- polypeptide chain termination
1, record 12, English, polypeptide%20chain%20termination
correct
Record 12, Abbreviations, English
Record 12, Synonyms, English
- termination of the polypeptide chain 2, record 12, English, termination%20of%20the%20polypeptide%20chain
correct
- chain termination 2, record 12, English, chain%20termination
correct
- termination 3, record 12, English, termination
correct
Record 12, Textual support, English
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The last step in translation, i. e. the release of the completed polypeptide from the polyribosome and disengagement of ribosomes from mRNA. It is directed by specific terminator codons(UAA, UAG and UGA) in mRNA which are recognized by special release factors. When translocation places one of the terminator codons in the ribosomal A site, the ribosome does not bind an aminoacyl tRNA-elongation factor-GTP complex. Instead it binds a release factor which activates peptidyl transferase, which then hydrolyzes the bond joining the polypeptide to tRNA in the ribosomal P site. 2, record 12, English, - polypeptide%20chain%20termination
Record 12, French
Record 12, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 12, Main entry term, French
- terminaison
1, record 12, French, terminaison
correct, feminine noun
Record 12, Abbreviations, French
Record 12, Synonyms, French
- terminaison de la chaîne peptidique 2, record 12, French, terminaison%20de%20la%20cha%C3%AEne%20peptidique
correct, feminine noun
- terminaison de la chaîne protéique 2, record 12, French, terminaison%20de%20la%20cha%C3%AEne%20prot%C3%A9ique
correct, feminine noun
- terminaison de la chaîne 2, record 12, French, terminaison%20de%20la%20cha%C3%AEne
correct, feminine noun
Record 12, Textual support, French
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Dernière étape de la biosynthèse des protéines. Elle succède à l'initiation et à l'élongation. Il existe sur le mRNA 3 codons différents chargés de signaler cette terminaison UAA, UAG, et UGA. Trois protéines spécifiques appelées facteurs de libération permettent la libération du polypeptidyl-tRNA du ribosome. Ils se lient au ribosome et provoquent un déplacement du polypeptidyl-tRNA du site A sur le site P. La liaison ester entre la chaîne polypeptidique et le dernier tRNA est ensuite hydrolysée, vraisemblablement par la peptidyl transférase, dont l'action catalytique semble modifiée par la fixation des facteurs de libération. 2, record 12, French, - terminaison
Record 12, Spanish
Record 12, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
Record 12, Main entry term, Spanish
- terminación
1, record 12, Spanish, terminaci%C3%B3n
feminine noun
Record 12, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 12, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 12, Textual support, Spanish
Record 13 - internal organization data 2013-07-11
Record 13, English
Record 13, Subject field(s)
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
Record 13, Main entry term, English
- leader peptide
1, record 13, English, leader%20peptide
correct
Record 13, Abbreviations, English
Record 13, Synonyms, English
- peptide leader 2, record 13, English, peptide%20leader
correct
Record 13, Textual support, English
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT
A leader peptide is typically coded... by the first gene in an operon controlled by attenuation. Translation of the leader peptide can influence which alternative mRNA secondary structure forms, thereby enhancing or decreasing transcription termination by the attenuator. 3, record 13, English, - leader%20peptide
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Not to be confused with signal peptide. 4, record 13, English, - leader%20peptide
Record 13, French
Record 13, Domaine(s)
- Biochimie
- Biologie moléculaire
Record 13, Main entry term, French
- peptide-leader
1, record 13, French, peptide%2Dleader
correct, masculine noun
Record 13, Abbreviations, French
Record 13, Synonyms, French
Record 13, Textual support, French
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Chez les bactéries, petit peptide codé par la séquence-leader des opérons de biosynthèse et participant à la régulation de leur expression. 1, record 13, French, - peptide%2Dleader
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Ne pas confondre avec peptide-signal. 2, record 13, French, - peptide%2Dleader
Record 13, Spanish
Record 13, Textual support, Spanish
Record 14 - internal organization data 2012-11-23
Record 14, English
Record 14, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Record 14, Main entry term, English
- antisense RNA
1, record 14, English, antisense%20RNA
correct
Record 14, Abbreviations, English
Record 14, Synonyms, English
Record 14, Textual support, English
Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The strand is called the antisense strand because its sequence of nucleotides is the complement of message sense. When mRNA [messenger ribonucleic acid] forms a duplex with a complementary antisense RNA sequence, translation is blocked. 2, record 14, English, - antisense%20RNA
Record 14, Key term(s)
- anti-sense RNA
Record 14, French
Record 14, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
- Biologie moléculaire
Record 14, Main entry term, French
- ARN antisens
1, record 14, French, ARN%20antisens
correct, masculine noun
Record 14, Abbreviations, French
Record 14, Synonyms, French
Record 14, Textual support, French
Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF
ARN [acide ribonucléique] complémentaire d'un ARN messager synthétisé in vivo ou in vitro. 2, record 14, French, - ARN%20antisens
Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS
L'association de ces deux brins inhibe la traduction de l'ARNm (ARN messager). 3, record 14, French, - ARN%20antisens
Record 14, Key term(s)
- ARN anti-sens
Record 14, Spanish
Record 14, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
- Biología molecular
Record 14, Main entry term, Spanish
- ARN antisentido
1, record 14, Spanish, ARN%20antisentido
correct, masculine noun
Record 14, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 14, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 14, Textual support, Spanish
Record 15 - internal organization data 2012-09-25
Record 15, English
Record 15, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 15, Main entry term, English
- genetic regulation
1, record 15, English, genetic%20regulation
correct
Record 15, Abbreviations, English
Record 15, Synonyms, English
Record 15, Textual support, English
Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The molecular mechanisms that control gene expression. These include controls that operate at every stage of protein determination : transcription of DNA, posttranscriptional processing of mRNA, translation of mRNA, and posttranslational modification of proteins. 1, record 15, English, - genetic%20regulation
Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS
The genome of an organism contains DNA sequences of several different types, including structural genes, which specify the amino acid sequences of enzymes and structural proteins or the nucleotide sequences of ribosomal RNAs or transfer RNAs; and regulatory genes and signals, which code for regulatory proteins, and control the initiation and termination of transcription or provide binding sites for regulatory molecules. 1, record 15, English, - genetic%20regulation
Record 15, French
Record 15, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 15, Main entry term, French
- régulation génétique
1, record 15, French, r%C3%A9gulation%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique
correct, feminine noun
Record 15, Abbreviations, French
Record 15, Synonyms, French
Record 15, Textual support, French
Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Ensemble des mécanismes capables de moduler l'expression du potentiel héréditaire dans une cellule vivante en fonction des signaux qu'elle reçoit, en provenance d'autres cellules ou de l'environnement. 2, record 15, French, - r%C3%A9gulation%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique
Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Cette régulation peut s'exercer à 3 niveaux : celui de la transcription, celui de la traduction des messagers et celui du transport et de l'assemblage des polypeptides aboutissant à la production de molécules enzymiques actives. 2, record 15, French, - r%C3%A9gulation%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique
Record 15, Spanish
Record 15, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
Record 15, Main entry term, Spanish
- regulación génica
1, record 15, Spanish, regulaci%C3%B3n%20g%C3%A9nica
correct, feminine noun
Record 15, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 15, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 15, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Proceso que controla la síntesis o supresión de los productos génicos en células o tejidos específicos. 1, record 15, Spanish, - regulaci%C3%B3n%20g%C3%A9nica
Record 16 - internal organization data 2012-09-24
Record 16, English
Record 16, Subject field(s)
- Biochemistry
Record 16, Main entry term, English
- catalytic RNA
1, record 16, English, catalytic%20RNA
correct
Record 16, Abbreviations, English
Record 16, Synonyms, English
Record 16, Textual support, English
Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Research is on hairpin catalytic RNA, a catalytic RNA discovered and characterized here in my laboratory at Northern Illinois University. Hairpin catalytic RNA is a molecule which can be engineered to very efficiently cleave target RNA sequences in a unique and efficient reaction. The catalytic RNA can thus be used for the specific down regulation of gene expression since it can be designed to destroy mRNA. Current applications being developed are down regulation of selected genes, including those in the virus HIV-1. Thus it has potential as an AIDS therapeutic. 1, record 16, English, - catalytic%20RNA
Record 16, French
Record 16, Domaine(s)
- Biochimie
Record 16, Main entry term, French
- ARN catalytique
1, record 16, French, ARN%20catalytique
correct, masculine noun
Record 16, Abbreviations, French
Record 16, Synonyms, French
Record 16, Textual support, French
Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Macromolécule biologique d'acide ribonucléique susceptible d'agir comme une enzyme et de catalyser des réactions chimiques. 1, record 16, French, - ARN%20catalytique
Record 16, Spanish
Record 16, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Bioquímica
Record 16, Main entry term, Spanish
- ARN catalítico
1, record 16, Spanish, ARN%20catal%C3%ADtico
correct, masculine noun
Record 16, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 16, Synonyms, Spanish
- ribozima 1, record 16, Spanish, ribozima
correct, feminine noun
Record 16, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Molécula de ARN [ácido ribonucleico] que puede catalizar la ruptura química de sí misma o de otras moléculas de ARN. 1, record 16, Spanish, - ARN%20catal%C3%ADtico
Record 17 - internal organization data 2012-09-21
Record 17, English
Record 17, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 17, Main entry term, English
- terminator
1, record 17, English, terminator
correct
Record 17, Abbreviations, English
Record 17, Synonyms, English
- nonsense codon 2, record 17, English, nonsense%20codon
correct
- nonsense triplet 3, record 17, English, nonsense%20triplet
correct
- terminator codon 4, record 17, English, terminator%20codon
correct
- chain-terminating codon 5, record 17, English, chain%2Dterminating%20codon
correct
- stop codon 6, record 17, English, stop%20codon
correct
- termination codon 7, record 17, English, termination%20codon
correct
- chain terminating codon 5, record 17, English, chain%20terminating%20codon
correct
Record 17, Textual support, English
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A codon that does not specify an amino acid, but indicates the termination of a polypeptide chain. 5, record 17, English, - terminator
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS
These codons interrupt the reading of the messenger RNA(mRNA) strand and also cause release of the synthesized polypeptide chain. 5, record 17, English, - terminator
Record 17, French
Record 17, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 17, Main entry term, French
- terminateur
1, record 17, French, terminateur
correct, masculine noun
Record 17, Abbreviations, French
Record 17, Synonyms, French
- codon non-sens 2, record 17, French, codon%20non%2Dsens
correct, masculine noun, standardized
- codon d'arrêt 3, record 17, French, codon%20d%27arr%C3%AAt
correct, masculine noun, standardized
- triplet non-sens 4, record 17, French, triplet%20non%2Dsens
correct, masculine noun, standardized
- codon de terminaison 5, record 17, French, codon%20de%20terminaison
correct, masculine noun, standardized
- codon non sens 6, record 17, French, codon%20non%20sens
correct, masculine noun
- codon term 7, record 17, French, codon%20term
correct, masculine noun
- triplet de fin de chaîne 8, record 17, French, triplet%20de%20fin%20de%20cha%C3%AEne
correct, masculine noun
- codon dénué de sens 8, record 17, French, codon%20d%C3%A9nu%C3%A9%20de%20sens
correct, masculine noun
- triplet de terminaison 8, record 17, French, triplet%20de%20terminaison
correct, masculine noun
- codon stop 9, record 17, French, codon%20stop
correct, masculine noun
Record 17, Textual support, French
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Triplet qui signale la fin d'un message génétique sur un ARNm. [Définition normalisée par l'AFNOR et reproduite avec son autorisation.] 10, record 17, French, - terminateur
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Ainsi la traduction de l'ARN messager en protéine cesse de partir du codon non-sens. Les codons non-sens ont ce rôle parce qu'ils ne correspondent à aucun acide aminé. [Observation reproduite avec l'autorisation de l'AFNOR.] 10, record 17, French, - terminateur
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Les codons d'arrêt sont le plus souvent UAA, UAG, UGA. 11, record 17, French, - terminateur
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 3 OBS
codon non-sens; codon d'arrêt; codon de terminaison; triplet non-sens : termes normalisés par l'AFNOR. 12, record 17, French, - terminateur
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 4 OBS
codon non sens; codon d'arrêt; codon de terminaison : termes publiés au Journal officiel de la République française le 22 septembre 2000. 12, record 17, French, - terminateur
Record 17, Spanish
Record 17, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
Record 17, Main entry term, Spanish
- codón de terminación
1, record 17, Spanish, cod%C3%B3n%20de%20terminaci%C3%B3n
correct, masculine noun
Record 17, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 17, Synonyms, Spanish
- terminador de cadena 1, record 17, Spanish, terminador%20de%20cadena
correct, masculine noun
- codón de parada 1, record 17, Spanish, cod%C3%B3n%20de%20parada
correct, masculine noun
- codón terminador 2, record 17, Spanish, cod%C3%B3n%20terminador
masculine noun
Record 17, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Triplete de nucleótidos para el que no existe la correspondiente molécula de ARN transmisor que inserte un aminoácido en la cadena de polipéptidos, por tanto, finaliza la síntesis de proteína y el polipéptido completo abandona el ribosoma. 1, record 17, Spanish, - cod%C3%B3n%20de%20terminaci%C3%B3n
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Se conocen tres codones de terminación: UAA [uridina, adenina, adenina] (ocre), UAG [uridina, adenina, guanina] (ámbar) y UGA [uridina, guanina, adenina] (ópalo). 1, record 17, Spanish, - cod%C3%B3n%20de%20terminaci%C3%B3n
Record 18 - internal organization data 2012-09-21
Record 18, English
Record 18, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 18, Main entry term, English
- transcript
1, record 18, English, transcript
correct
Record 18, Abbreviations, English
Record 18, Synonyms, English
- transcription product 2, record 18, English, transcription%20product
correct
Record 18, Textual support, English
Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Despite the difference among the three kinds of RNA, the transcription of mRNA [messenger RNA], tRNA [transfer RNA], and rRNA [ribosomal RNA] is the same. They are all simply transcription products. 2, record 18, English, - transcript
Record 18, French
Record 18, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 18, Main entry term, French
- transcrit
1, record 18, French, transcrit
correct, masculine noun
Record 18, Abbreviations, French
Record 18, Synonyms, French
- produit de la transcription 2, record 18, French, produit%20de%20la%20transcription
correct, masculine noun
Record 18, Textual support, French
Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les produits de la transcription peuvent être des ARN messagers, des ARN de transfert, des ARN ribosomiques ou des petits ARN nucléaires. 2, record 18, French, - transcrit
Record 18, Spanish
Record 18, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
Record 18, Main entry term, Spanish
- transcrito
1, record 18, Spanish, transcrito
correct, masculine noun
Record 18, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 18, Synonyms, Spanish
- producto transcripcional 2, record 18, Spanish, producto%20transcripcional
correct, masculine noun
- producto de la transcripción 3, record 18, Spanish, producto%20de%20la%20transcripci%C3%B3n
correct, masculine noun
Record 18, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Molécula de ARN sintetizada a partir de un determinado molde de DNA. 1, record 18, Spanish, - transcrito
Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Como productos de la transcripción pueden agruparse: RNA mensajero o RNAm. RNA ribosomal o RNAr. RNA de transferencia o RNAt. RNA heterogéneo normal o RNAhn. RNA pequeño normal o RNAsn. 3, record 18, Spanish, - transcrito
Record 19 - internal organization data 2012-09-11
Record 19, English
Record 19, Subject field(s)
- Cytology
- Genetics
Record 19, Main entry term, English
- trans acting factor
1, record 19, English, trans%20acting%20factor
correct
Record 19, Abbreviations, English
Record 19, Synonyms, English
Record 19, Textual support, English
Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT
[Study on ] the complex hormonal regulation of casein and thrombospondine(TSP) genes in mouse mammary gland epithelial cells and ultimately in breast cancer cells... a 5’ noncoding sequence element involved in the mammary specificity of casein gene transcription is shared with TSP gene... The more difficult but conclusive tests of promoter function and trans acting factors are not proposed. The effects of hormone treatments on TSP MRNA stability will be evaluated by pulse chase experiments.... 1, record 19, English, - trans%20acting%20factor
Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 CONT
A novel transforming growth factor-beta SUB 1 responsive cytoplasmic trans-acting factor binds selectively to the 3’-untranslated region of mammalian ribonucleotide reductase R2 mRNA... mRNA destabilization triggered by premature translational termination depends on at least three cis-acting sequence elements and one trans-acting factor... In vitro analysis of bovine growth hormone pre-mRNA alternative splicing involvement of exon sequences and trans-acting factor(s)... [Source : PASCAL database]. 2, record 19, English, - trans%20acting%20factor
Record 19, French
Record 19, Domaine(s)
- Cytologie
- Génétique
Record 19, Main entry term, French
- facteur trans-activateur
1, record 19, French, facteur%20trans%2Dactivateur
correct, masculine noun
Record 19, Abbreviations, French
Record 19, Synonyms, French
- facteur agissant en trans 2, record 19, French, facteur%20agissant%20en%20trans
correct, masculine noun
Record 19, Textual support, French
Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Protéine auxiliaire liant l’ADN et interagit avec les séquences cis-régulatrices d’ADN pour contrôler l’expression d’un gène. 3, record 19, French, - facteur%20trans%2Dactivateur
Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Facteur diffusible capable de moduler l'activité (en + ou en -) d'un ou de plusieurs gènes en interagissant avec leur(s) séquence(s) régulatrice(s). 1, record 19, French, - facteur%20trans%2Dactivateur
Record 19, Key term(s)
- facteur trans
Record 19, Spanish
Record 19, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Citología
- Genética
Record 19, Main entry term, Spanish
- factor de actuación en trans
1, record 19, Spanish, factor%20de%20actuaci%C3%B3n%20en%20trans
correct, masculine noun
Record 19, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 19, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 19, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Proteína auxiliar de unión con el ADN, que interacciona con las secuencias de ADN reguladas en cis para el control de la expresión génica. 1, record 19, Spanish, - factor%20de%20actuaci%C3%B3n%20en%20trans
Record 20 - internal organization data 2012-08-29
Record 20, English
Record 20, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 20, Main entry term, English
- differential display
1, record 20, English, differential%20display
correct
Record 20, Abbreviations, English
- DD 2, record 20, English, DD
correct
Record 20, Synonyms, English
- DD reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction 3, record 20, English, DD%20reverse%20transcription%20polymerase%20chain%20reaction
correct
- DDRT-PCR 4, record 20, English, DDRT%2DPCR
correct
- DDRT-PCR 4, record 20, English, DDRT%2DPCR
Record 20, Textual support, English
Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Differential Display(DD)... and a conceptually similar technique, arbitrarily primed PCR fingerprinting of RNA(APPCR) 19, both PCR amplify subsets of an mRNA population and separate the resulting cDNAs by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Since the introduction of DD in 1992, over 100 reports regarding improvements and/or successful applications have been published. Although DD has the appearance of being technically easy, the road from "band on the gel" to a positive can be treacherous as outlined in a recent commentary. The primary criticisms are(1) a high false positive rate,(2) questioned ability of DD to identify both abundant and rare mRNAs,(3) coding regions of mRNAs are usually not cloned, and(4) verification process is time consuming and usually requires a fair amount of RNA. 5, record 20, English, - differential%20display
Record 20, French
Record 20, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 20, Main entry term, French
- technique du DD
1, record 20, French, technique%20du%20DD
proposal, feminine noun
Record 20, Abbreviations, French
Record 20, Synonyms, French
- differential display 1, record 20, French, differential%20display
anglicism
Record 20, Textual support, French
Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT
En 1992, deux chercheurs du Dana Farber Cancer Institute de Boston (États-Unis), P. Liang et AB Pardee, présentent une nouvelle méthode, le «differential display» (DD) - ou DDRT-PCR (DD reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) qui permet une étude directe des modifications de l'expression génique [...] P. Liang et AB Pardee ont démontré que la combinaison d'amorces arbitraires et d'amorces spécifiques des ARNm permet de générer un set de fragments d'ADNc représentatifs des ARNm d'une cellule. Dans des conditions appropriées, le profil des fragments dérivés d'un type cellulaire est reproductible et peut être comparé à celui des fragments d'un autre type cellulaire. L'étude directe de l'expression différentielle des gènes devient possible. 2, record 20, French, - technique%20du%20DD
Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Outil d'expression génique. 1, record 20, French, - technique%20du%20DD
Record 20, Spanish
Record 20, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
Record 20, Main entry term, Spanish
- visualización diferencial
1, record 20, Spanish, visualizaci%C3%B3n%20diferencial
correct, feminine noun
Record 20, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 20, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 20, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Método para identificar ARNm que se encuentra a diferentes concentraciones en diferentes tejidos o en respuesta a tratamientos específicos. 1, record 20, Spanish, - visualizaci%C3%B3n%20diferencial
Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Los ARNm se convierte a ADNc; una determinada proporción de estos ADNc se amplifican por la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa y se separan por electroforesis. 1, record 20, Spanish, - visualizaci%C3%B3n%20diferencial
Record 21 - internal organization data 2012-07-23
Record 21, English
Record 21, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 21, Main entry term, English
- Shine-Dalgarno sequence
1, record 21, English, Shine%2DDalgarno%20sequence
correct
Record 21, Abbreviations, English
Record 21, Synonyms, English
- Shine and Dalgarno sequence 2, record 21, English, Shine%20and%20Dalgarno%20sequence
correct
- SD sequence 2, record 21, English, SD%20sequence
correct
Record 21, Textual support, English
Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The polypurine sequence AGGAGG located on mRNA just prior to an AUG initiation codon. It is complementary to the sequence at the 3’ end of 16S rRNA and involved in binding of ribosome to mRNA. 2, record 21, English, - Shine%2DDalgarno%20sequence
Record 21, French
Record 21, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 21, Main entry term, French
- séquence Shine Dalgarno
1, record 21, French, s%C3%A9quence%20Shine%20Dalgarno
correct, feminine noun
Record 21, Abbreviations, French
Record 21, Synonyms, French
- séquence de Shine-Dalgarno 2, record 21, French, s%C3%A9quence%20de%20Shine%2DDalgarno
correct, feminine noun
Record 21, Textual support, French
Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Séquence AGGAGG, identifiée par Shine et Dalgarno, présente de manière constante en amont du codon d'initiation dans les mRNA procaryotiques. Elle présente une complémentarité avec une séquence hexamérique présente près de l'extrémité 3' du RNA 16 S. Cette structure représente le site d'accrochage du ribosome et de l'ARNm pour l'initiation de la synthèse protéique. 3, record 21, French, - s%C3%A9quence%20Shine%20Dalgarno
Record 21, Spanish
Record 21, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
Record 21, Main entry term, Spanish
- secuencia de Shine-Dalgarno
1, record 21, Spanish, secuencia%20de%20Shine%2DDalgarno
correct, feminine noun
Record 21, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 21, Synonyms, Spanish
- secuencia de Shine y Dalgarno 2, record 21, Spanish, secuencia%20de%20Shine%20y%20Dalgarno%20
correct, feminine noun
- secuencia SD 2, record 21, Spanish, secuencia%20SD
correct, feminine noun
Record 21, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Secuencia corta que precede a los codones de iniciación y que es complementaria de secuencias del extremo 3' del ARN-r 16S de la subunidad pequeña (30S) de los ribosomas, [sirve como sitio inicial de anclaje del ARN mensajero (ARNm) al ribosoma]. 3, record 21, Spanish, - secuencia%20de%20Shine%2DDalgarno
Record 22 - internal organization data 2012-07-11
Record 22, English
Record 22, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 22, Main entry term, English
- leader sequence
1, record 22, English, leader%20sequence
correct
Record 22, Abbreviations, English
Record 22, Synonyms, English
- leader 2, record 22, English, leader
correct
Record 22, Textual support, English
Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The portion of mRNA that precedes the place where translation starts. 3, record 22, English, - leader%20sequence
Record 22, French
Record 22, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 22, Main entry term, French
- séquence de tête
1, record 22, French, s%C3%A9quence%20de%20t%C3%AAte
correct, feminine noun
Record 22, Abbreviations, French
Record 22, Synonyms, French
- séquence-guide 2, record 22, French, s%C3%A9quence%2Dguide
correct, feminine noun
- séquence initiale 3, record 22, French, s%C3%A9quence%20initiale
correct, feminine noun
Record 22, Textual support, French
Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Séquence qui se trouve en amont du codon d'initiation de traduction des ARN messagers. 4, record 22, French, - s%C3%A9quence%20de%20t%C3%AAte
Record 22, Spanish
Record 22, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
Record 22, Main entry term, Spanish
- secuencia líder
1, record 22, Spanish, secuencia%20l%C3%ADder
correct, feminine noun
Record 22, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 22, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 22, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Secuencia de nucleótidos, de longitud variable, en el extremo 5' de una molécula de ARNm [ácido ribonucleico mensajero] que precede al codón de iniciación AUG [adenanina, uracilo, guanina] donde comienza la traducción, y que no se traduce en una proteína. 1, record 22, Spanish, - secuencia%20l%C3%ADder
Record 23 - internal organization data 2012-07-11
Record 23, English
Record 23, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
- Biotechnology
Record 23, Main entry term, English
- artificial gene
1, record 23, English, artificial%20gene
correct
Record 23, Abbreviations, English
Record 23, Synonyms, English
- synthetic gene 2, record 23, English, synthetic%20gene
correct
Record 23, Textual support, English
Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A double-stranded DNA molecule carrying a specific sequence that will code for a given amino acid sequence and that has been produced in vitro. 3, record 23, English, - artificial%20gene
Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS
It may be synthesized using an enzyme technique to form a strand of DNA on an mRNA template using reverse transcriptase and DNA polymerase to convert the single-stranded product(cDNA) to double-stranded DNA. Alternatively, an entirely new gene may be created, which will code for a novel amino acid sequence, by using a template formed from chemically synthesized oligonucleotides followed by enzymic polymerization. 3, record 23, English, - artificial%20gene
Record 23, French
Record 23, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
- Biotechnologie
Record 23, Main entry term, French
- gène artificiel
1, record 23, French, g%C3%A8ne%20artificiel
correct, masculine noun, standardized
Record 23, Abbreviations, French
Record 23, Synonyms, French
- gène synthétique 2, record 23, French, g%C3%A8ne%20synth%C3%A9tique
correct, masculine noun, standardized
- gène de synthèse 3, record 23, French, g%C3%A8ne%20de%20synth%C3%A8se
correct, masculine noun, standardized
Record 23, Textual support, French
Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Gène créé par assemblage d'oligonucléotides, résultant d'une synthèse chimique, in vitro. [Définition normalisée par l'AFNOR et reproduite avec son autorisation.] 4, record 23, French, - g%C3%A8ne%20artificiel
Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS
gène artificiel; gène de synthèse; gène synthétique : termes normalisés par l'AFNOR et publiés au Journal officiel de la République française le 22 septembre 2000. 5, record 23, French, - g%C3%A8ne%20artificiel
Record 23, Spanish
Record 23, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
- Biotecnología
Record 23, Main entry term, Spanish
- gen artificial
1, record 23, Spanish, gen%20artificial
correct, masculine noun
Record 23, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 23, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 23, Textual support, Spanish
Record 24 - internal organization data 2012-07-11
Record 24, English
Record 24, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 24, Main entry term, English
- initiation factor
1, record 24, English, initiation%20factor
correct
Record 24, Abbreviations, English
- if 1, record 24, English, if
correct
Record 24, Synonyms, English
Record 24, Textual support, English
Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Any of a class of protein factors which are requisite for the formation of the initiation complex and the initiation of mRNA translation(elongation factor; termination factor; interference factor). 1, record 24, English, - initiation%20factor
Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS
In the presence of these factors(which belong to the translation factors), ribosomes bind to specific ribosome binding sites on mRNA which correspond to the initiation sites for polypeptide synthesis. In their absence, the mRNA cannot be translated. 1, record 24, English, - initiation%20factor
Record 24, French
Record 24, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 24, Main entry term, French
- facteur d'initiation
1, record 24, French, facteur%20d%27initiation
correct, masculine noun
Record 24, Abbreviations, French
Record 24, Synonyms, French
Record 24, Textual support, French
Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Protéine dont la présence est nécessaire pour que l'ARN-m se fixe à la petite sous-unité ribosomique immédiatement avant que commencent la lecture du message et la synthèse de la protéine. 1, record 24, French, - facteur%20d%27initiation
Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS
On connaît [par exemple] trois facteurs différents et successifs chez E. coli, F3 (PM : 30 000) fixe la sous-unité 30 S à l'ARN-m; F1 (PM : 8 000) se combine au complexe N-formyle-méthionine-ARN-t et permet son association au 30 S; F2 (PM : 75 000) moins connu serait impliqué dans la fixation de l'aminoacyl-ARN-t et fixe le GTP. 1, record 24, French, - facteur%20d%27initiation
Record 24, Spanish
Record 24, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
Record 24, Main entry term, Spanish
- factor de iniciación
1, record 24, Spanish, factor%20de%20iniciaci%C3%B3n
correct, masculine noun
Record 24, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 24, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 24, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Proteína soluble necesaria para el inicio de la traducción. 1, record 24, Spanish, - factor%20de%20iniciaci%C3%B3n
Record 25 - internal organization data 2012-05-22
Record 25, English
Record 25, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 25, Main entry term, English
- cap
1, record 25, English, cap
correct, noun
Record 25, Abbreviations, English
Record 25, Synonyms, English
Record 25, Textual support, English
Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The structure at the 5’ end of eucaryotic mRNA introduced after transcription by linking the 5’ end of a guanine nucleotide to the terminal base of the mRNA and methylating at least the additional G... 2, record 25, English, - cap
Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS
... the structure is 7’-methyl-guanosine-pppX, where X is the first nucleotide encoded in the DNA; it is not present in prokaryotic mRNA’s; it is added post-transcriptionally near the TATA (Hogness) box. 2, record 25, English, - cap
Record 25, French
Record 25, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 25, Main entry term, French
- coiffe
1, record 25, French, coiffe
correct, feminine noun, standardized
Record 25, Abbreviations, French
Record 25, Synonyms, French
- chapeau 2, record 25, French, chapeau
correct, masculine noun, standardized
- cap 3, record 25, French, cap
avoid, anglicism, see observation, masculine noun
Record 25, Textual support, French
Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Courte séquence nucléotidique ajoutée, par modification post-transcriptionnelle, à l'extrémité 5' de l'ARN messager chez les Eucaryotes. [Définition normalisée par l'AFNOR et reproduite avec son autorisation.] 4, record 25, French, - coiffe
Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Malgré le fait que l'anglicisme «cap» est encore très répandu, on ne doit pas l'employer en français. 5, record 25, French, - coiffe
Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 OBS
coiffe; chapeau : termes normalisés par l'AFNOR. 6, record 25, French, - coiffe
Record 25, Spanish
Record 25, Textual support, Spanish
Record 26 - internal organization data 2012-05-01
Record 26, English
Record 26, Subject field(s)
- Biochemistry
- Genetics
Record 26, Main entry term, English
- polycistronic messenger
1, record 26, English, polycistronic%20messenger
correct
Record 26, Abbreviations, English
Record 26, Synonyms, English
- polycistronic mRNA 2, record 26, English, polycistronic%20mRNA
correct
- polycistronic messenger RNA 3, record 26, English, polycistronic%20messenger%20RNA
correct
Record 26, Textual support, English
Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Messenger ribonucleic acid carrying the amino acid sequence of several proteins. 4, record 26, English, - polycistronic%20messenger
Record 26, French
Record 26, Domaine(s)
- Biochimie
- Génétique
Record 26, Main entry term, French
- ARNm polycistronique
1, record 26, French, ARNm%20polycistronique
correct, masculine noun, standardized
Record 26, Abbreviations, French
Record 26, Synonyms, French
- messager polycistronique 2, record 26, French, messager%20polycistronique
correct, masculine noun
Record 26, Textual support, French
Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF
ARN messager contenant plusieurs cistrons, et donc codant pour plusieurs chaînes polypeptidiques distinctes. 3, record 26, French, - ARNm%20polycistronique
Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS
ARNm polycistronique : terme normalisé par l'AFNOR et publié au Journal officiel de la République française le 22 septembre 2000. 4, record 26, French, - ARNm%20polycistronique
Record 26, Spanish
Record 26, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Bioquímica
- Genética
Record 26, Main entry term, Spanish
- ARNm policistrónico
1, record 26, Spanish, ARNm%20policistr%C3%B3nico
correct, masculine noun
Record 26, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 26, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 26, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Molécula de ARN mensajero que determina la síntesis de varios productos génicos debido a que contiene más de un marco de lectura abierto. 1, record 26, Spanish, - ARNm%20policistr%C3%B3nico
Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Es característico de los organismos procariotas. 1, record 26, Spanish, - ARNm%20policistr%C3%B3nico
Record 27 - internal organization data 2012-04-13
Record 27, English
Record 27, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 27, Main entry term, English
- poly-A tail
1, record 27, English, poly%2DA%20tail
correct
Record 27, Abbreviations, English
Record 27, Synonyms, English
- poly A tail 2, record 27, English, poly%20A%20tail
correct
Record 27, Textual support, English
Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The terminal stretch of A residues found at the 3’ end of most eucaryotic mRNAs. 3, record 27, English, - poly%2DA%20tail
Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS
In some cases, the presence of poly(A) seems to affect the stability of the mRNA. 3, record 27, English, - poly%2DA%20tail
Record 27, French
Record 27, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 27, Main entry term, French
- queue poly A
1, record 27, French, queue%20poly%20A
correct, feminine noun
Record 27, Abbreviations, French
Record 27, Synonyms, French
Record 27, Textual support, French
Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Séquence poly A terminant une des extrémités de certains ARNm eucaryotes et de l'ARN génomique de phages. 1, record 27, French, - queue%20poly%20A
Record 27, Spanish
Record 27, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
Record 27, Main entry term, Spanish
- cola de poliadenina
1, record 27, Spanish, cola%20de%20poliadenina
correct, feminine noun
Record 27, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 27, Synonyms, Spanish
- cola poli-A 1, record 27, Spanish, cola%20poli%2DA
correct, feminine noun
- cola de poli A 2, record 27, Spanish, cola%20de%20poli%20A
correct, feminine noun
Record 27, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT
El extremo 3’ del RNA recién sintetizado también debe ser protegido para evitar su degradación prematura. En este caso la protección se consigue mediante la adición de una larga serie de nucleótidos de adenina a la que se conoce como cola de poli A. 2, record 27, Spanish, - cola%20de%20poliadenina
Record 28 - internal organization data 2012-03-27
Record 28, English
Record 28, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
Record 28, Main entry term, English
- polysome
1, record 28, English, polysome
correct
Record 28, Abbreviations, English
Record 28, Synonyms, English
- polyribosome 2, record 28, English, polyribosome
correct
- ergosome 3, record 28, English, ergosome
correct, obsolete
Record 28, Textual support, English
Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A multiribosomal structure representing a linear array of ribosomes held together by messenger RNA. 3, record 28, English, - polysome
Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Probably the number of ribosomes is related to the size of the mRNA chain. Polysomes represent the "active complexes" in cellular protein synthesis and are able to incorporate amino acids into polypeptides both in vivo and in vitro. 3, record 28, English, - polysome
Record 28, French
Record 28, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
- Biochimie
- Biologie moléculaire
Record 28, Main entry term, French
- polysome
1, record 28, French, polysome
correct, masculine noun, standardized
Record 28, Abbreviations, French
Record 28, Synonyms, French
- polyribosome 2, record 28, French, polyribosome
correct, masculine noun, standardized
- ergosome 3, record 28, French, ergosome
correct, masculine noun, obsolete
Record 28, Textual support, French
Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Complexe constitué par une molécule d'ARNm et par des ribosomes. [Définition normalisée par l'AFNOR et reproduite avec son autorisation.] 4, record 28, French, - polysome
Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS
La synthèse protéique a lieu sur ce complexe. [Observation reproduite avec l'autorisation de l'AFNOR.] 4, record 28, French, - polysome
Record number: 28, Textual support number: 2 OBS
polysome; polyribosome : termes normalisés par l'AFNOR et publiés au Journal officiel de la République française le 22 septembre 2000. 5, record 28, French, - polysome
Record 28, Spanish
Record 28, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
- Bioquímica
- Biología molecular
Record 28, Main entry term, Spanish
- polisoma
1, record 28, Spanish, polisoma
correct, masculine noun
Record 28, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 28, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 28, Textual support, Spanish
Record 29 - internal organization data 2012-03-16
Record 29, English
Record 29, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
- Biotechnology
- Molecular Biology
Record 29, Main entry term, English
- in situ hybridization
1, record 29, English, in%20situ%20hybridization
correct
Record 29, Abbreviations, English
Record 29, Synonyms, English
- hybridization in situ 2, record 29, English, hybridization%20in%20situ
correct
- hybridization in-situ 3, record 29, English, hybridization%20in%2Dsitu
Record 29, Textual support, English
Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A method of localizing and detecting specific mRNA [messenger RNA] sequences in morphologically preserved tissues sections or cell preparations by hybridizing the complementary strand of a nucleotide probe to the sequence of interest. 2, record 29, English, - in%20situ%20hybridization
Record 29, French
Record 29, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
- Biotechnologie
- Biologie moléculaire
Record 29, Main entry term, French
- hybridation in situ
1, record 29, French, hybridation%20in%20situ
correct, feminine noun, standardized
Record 29, Abbreviations, French
Record 29, Synonyms, French
Record 29, Textual support, French
Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Hybridation d'une sonde d'ADN ou d'ARN spécifique marquée avec l'ARN ou l'ADN cellulaire, sur une coupe de tissu. [Définition normalisée par l'AFNOR et reproduite avec son autorisation.] 2, record 29, French, - hybridation%20in%20situ
Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT
L'hybridation in situ permet l'identification de séquences d'acides nucléiques (ARN ou ADN) exogènes ou endogènes directement au sein d'une cellule ou d'un tissu. Son principe repose sur l'appariement direct (par des liaisons hydrogène) d'une sonde dont la séquence est complémentaire de celle des acides nucléiques à caractériser. 3, record 29, French, - hybridation%20in%20situ
Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS
hybridation in situ : terme normalisé par l'AFNOR. 4, record 29, French, - hybridation%20in%20situ
Record 29, Spanish
Record 29, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
- Biotecnología
- Biología molecular
Record 29, Main entry term, Spanish
- hibridación in situ
1, record 29, Spanish, hibridaci%C3%B3n%20in%20situ
correct, feminine noun
Record 29, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 29, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 29, Textual support, Spanish
Record 30 - internal organization data 2012-03-16
Record 30, English
Record 30, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 30, Main entry term, English
- nonsense mutation
1, record 30, English, nonsense%20mutation
correct
Record 30, Abbreviations, English
Record 30, Synonyms, English
- chain-terminating mutation 2, record 30, English, chain%2Dterminating%20mutation
correct
Record 30, Textual support, English
Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Any mutation(base substitution or frameshift mutation) that converts a sense codon into a chain terminating codon(UAG, UAA, or UGA in mRNA). 3, record 30, English, - nonsense%20mutation
Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Nonsense mutations result in premature termination of polypeptide chain synthesis at the site where the nonsense codon occurs in the messenger RNA. Nonsense mutations can lead to a pleiotropic polar effect reducing the level of expression of genes operator-distal to the nonsense mutation in the bacterial operon. To select for nonsense mutations in viral functions it is necessary to isolate the mutations in a genotype carrying a nonsense suppressor. 3, record 30, English, - nonsense%20mutation
Record 30, French
Record 30, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 30, Main entry term, French
- mutation non-sens
1, record 30, French, mutation%20non%2Dsens
correct, feminine noun, standardized
Record 30, Abbreviations, French
Record 30, Synonyms, French
- mutation non sens 2, record 30, French, mutation%20non%20sens
correct, feminine noun
Record 30, Textual support, French
Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Mutation qui remplace un codon spécifiant un acide aminé par un codon non-sens. [Définition normalisée par l'AFNOR et reproduite avec son autorisation.] 3, record 30, French, - mutation%20non%2Dsens
Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS
mutation non-sens : terme normalisé par l'AFNOR et publié au Journal officiel de la République française le 22 septembre 2000. 4, record 30, French, - mutation%20non%2Dsens
Record 30, Spanish
Record 30, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
Record 30, Main entry term, Spanish
- mutación sin sentido
1, record 30, Spanish, mutaci%C3%B3n%20sin%20sentido
correct, feminine noun
Record 30, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 30, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 30, Textual support, Spanish
Record 31 - internal organization data 2012-02-15
Record 31, English
Record 31, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 31, Main entry term, English
- hybrid-arrested translation
1, record 31, English, hybrid%2Darrested%20translation
correct
Record 31, Abbreviations, English
- HART 2, record 31, English, HART
correct
Record 31, Synonyms, English
Record 31, Textual support, English
Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A technique used to identify and isolate the protein product of a cloned gene. 3, record 31, English, - hybrid%2Darrested%20translation
Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS
The cloned double-stranded DNA is denatured and annealed to a mixture of mRNAs known to contain mRNA [messenger RNA] : DNA hybrids are formed, which renders the relevant mRNA unavailable for translation. Translation of the annealed mixture in an in vitro translation system thus results in the absence of translation product of the test gene. Comparison with the translation products of an untreated sample can then identify the missing protein. 3, record 31, English, - hybrid%2Darrested%20translation
Record 31, French
Record 31, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 31, Main entry term, French
- traduction HART
1, record 31, French, traduction%20HART
correct, feminine noun
Record 31, Abbreviations, French
Record 31, Synonyms, French
- traduction de type HART 1, record 31, French, traduction%20de%20type%20HART
proposal, feminine noun
Record 31, Textual support, French
Record 31, Spanish
Record 31, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
Record 31, Main entry term, Spanish
- traducción impedida por hibridación
1, record 31, Spanish, traducci%C3%B3n%20impedida%20por%20hibridaci%C3%B3n
correct, feminine noun
Record 31, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 31, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 31, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Método utilizado para identificar la proteína o proteínas codificadas por una determinada secuencia de ADN clonado. 1, record 31, Spanish, - traducci%C3%B3n%20impedida%20por%20hibridaci%C3%B3n
Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Una preparación de todo el ARNm [ARN mensajero], que contiene diferentes ARNm, se hibrida con el ADN clonado, de manera que las moléculas de ARNm homólogas al ADN clonado se aparearán con él para formar heterodúplex de ADN/ARN. Las moléculas de ARNm no apareadas se traducen in vitro y el resultado se compara con los productos de la traducción de los ARNm sin tratar. 1, record 31, Spanish, - traducci%C3%B3n%20impedida%20por%20hibridaci%C3%B3n
Record 32 - internal organization data 2012-02-02
Record 32, English
Record 32, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 32, Main entry term, English
- negative strand RNA virus 1, record 32, English, negative%20strand%20RNA%20virus
Record 32, Abbreviations, English
Record 32, Synonyms, English
Record 32, Textual support, English
Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Resistance to RNA viruses in plants has been obtained for many positive-strand RNA viruses. The first case of resistance to a negative strand RNA virus is reported by J.J.L. Gielen et al., "Engineered resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus, a negative-strand RNA virus", Biotechnology 9: 1363-7. They used insertion of a gene for the viral nucleocapsid protein, an internal RNA binding protein. 2, record 32, English, - negative%20strand%20RNA%20virus
Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF
a virus whose genetic information consists of a single strand of RNA that is the negative or antisense strand which does not encode mRNA(messenger RNA). 3, record 32, English, - negative%20strand%20RNA%20virus
Record 32, French
Record 32, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 32, Main entry term, French
- virus à ARN de polarité négative
1, record 32, French, virus%20%C3%A0%20ARN%20de%20polarit%C3%A9%20n%C3%A9gative
correct, masculine noun
Record 32, Abbreviations, French
Record 32, Synonyms, French
Record 32, Textual support, French
Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La manipulation moléculaire des virus à ARN de polarité négative a représenté un obstacle majeur à leur étude. Récemment, de nouvelles approches expérimentales ont été élaborées permettant de modifier de façon dirigée plusieurs virus de ces familles et notamment des virus infectieux pour l'homme tels que les virus de la grippe, de la rage et de la rougeole. 1, record 32, French, - virus%20%C3%A0%20ARN%20de%20polarit%C3%A9%20n%C3%A9gative
Record 32, Spanish
Record 32, Textual support, Spanish
Record 33 - internal organization data 2011-11-02
Record 33, English
Record 33, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 33, Main entry term, English
- substractive hybridization
1, record 33, English, substractive%20hybridization
correct
Record 33, Abbreviations, English
- SH 2, record 33, English, SH
correct
Record 33, Synonyms, English
Record 33, Textual support, English
Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Animal and human (normal and osteoarthritic) chondrocytes can now be cultivated under various physical and chemical conditions in the presence of active exogenous factors, such as growth factors, vitamins, and anti-osteoarthritis preparations, owing to the development of culture models including organotypic, high density and three-dimensional models. The molecular biology approach to this research ... has resulted in stable lines of chondrocytes (e.g. MC 615 from mice) and a comparison of the genetic expression of these cells at different stages of differentiation by substractive hybridization or differential PCR screening. 3, record 33, English, - substractive%20hybridization
Record number: 33, Textual support number: 2 CONT
Differential gene expression occurs in the process of development, maintenance, injury, and death of unicellular as well as complex organisms. Differentially expressed genes are usually identified by comparing steady-state mRNA concentrations. Electronic substraction(ES), substractive hybridization(SH), and differential display(DD) are methods commonly used for this purpose. 4, record 33, English, - substractive%20hybridization
Record 33, French
Record 33, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 33, Main entry term, French
- hybridation soustractive
1, record 33, French, hybridation%20soustractive
correct, feminine noun
Record 33, Abbreviations, French
Record 33, Synonyms, French
- technique des banques soustractives 1, record 33, French, technique%20des%20banques%20soustractives
correct, feminine noun
Record 33, Textual support, French
Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT
À ce jour, les études comparatives de l'expression génique reposent essentiellement sur l'hybridation soustractive (ou technique de banques soustractives). Cette technique permet de détecter les espèces d'ARNm présentes dans une cellule particulière par différence avec les ARNm d'une cellule prise comme référence. Le séquençage des ADNc complémentaires obtenus, puis leur comparaison avec les banques de gènes permet l'identification des ARNm surexprimés dans la cellule étudiée. 1, record 33, French, - hybridation%20soustractive
Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Outil d'expression génique. 2, record 33, French, - hybridation%20soustractive
Record 33, Spanish
Record 33, Textual support, Spanish
Record 34 - internal organization data 2011-06-17
Record 34, English
Record 34, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Record 34, Main entry term, English
- double-stranded RNA
1, record 34, English, double%2Dstranded%20RNA
correct
Record 34, Abbreviations, English
- ds RNA 1, record 34, English, ds%20RNA
correct
Record 34, Synonyms, English
- double-stranded polyribonucleotide 2, record 34, English, double%2Dstranded%20polyribonucleotide
correct
- double-strand RNA 3, record 34, English, double%2Dstrand%20RNA
correct
Record 34, Textual support, English
Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF
[An RNA] that directs the sequence-specific degradation of mRNA [messenger RNA] through a process known as RNA interference(RNAi). 1, record 34, English, - double%2Dstranded%20RNA
Record 34, Key term(s)
- double stranded RNA, double stranded polyribonucleotide, double strand RNA
Record 34, French
Record 34, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
- Biologie moléculaire
Record 34, Main entry term, French
- ARN double brin
1, record 34, French, ARN%20double%20brin
correct, masculine noun
Record 34, Abbreviations, French
- ARNdb 2, record 34, French, ARNdb
correct, masculine noun
Record 34, Synonyms, French
- ARN à double brin 3, record 34, French, ARN%20%C3%A0%20double%20brin
correct, masculine noun
- ARN bicaténaire 4, record 34, French, ARN%20bicat%C3%A9naire
correct, masculine noun
Record 34, Textual support, French
Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT
L'introduction d'ARN double-brin dans la cellule provoque la dégradation de l'ARN messager de séquence correspondante. Ce processus d'interférence par ARN (RNAi) est à la base de systèmes de régulation endogènes. Chez les plantes, il sert de mécanisme de défense contre les virus lors d'une infection. 5, record 34, French, - ARN%20double%20brin
Record 34, Spanish
Record 34, Textual support, Spanish
Record 35 - internal organization data 2011-05-12
Record 35, English
Record 35, Subject field(s)
- Biotechnology
Record 35, Main entry term, English
- cDNA map
1, record 35, English, cDNA%20map
correct
Record 35, Abbreviations, English
Record 35, Synonyms, English
Record 35, Textual support, English
Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT
A cDNA map shows the positions of expressed DNA regions(exons) relative to particular chromosomal regions of bands.(Expressed DNA regions are those transcribed into mRNA). cDNA is synthesized in the laboratory using mRNA molecule as a template; base-pairing rules are followed(i. e. an A on the mRNA molecule will pair with a T on the new DNA strand). This cDNA can be mapped to genomic regions. 1, record 35, English, - cDNA%20map
Record 35, French
Record 35, Domaine(s)
- Biotechnologie
Record 35, Main entry term, French
- carte de l'ADN complémentaire
1, record 35, French, carte%20de%20l%27ADN%20compl%C3%A9mentaire
proposal, feminine noun
Record 35, Abbreviations, French
Record 35, Synonyms, French
- carte de l'ADNc 1, record 35, French, carte%20de%20l%27ADNc
proposal, feminine noun
Record 35, Textual support, French
Record 35, Spanish
Record 35, Textual support, Spanish
Record 36 - internal organization data 2011-01-28
Record 36, English
Record 36, Subject field(s)
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Record 36, Main entry term, English
- heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein
1, record 36, English, heterogeneous%20nuclear%20ribonucleoprotein
correct
Record 36, Abbreviations, English
- hnRNP 1, record 36, English, hnRNP
correct
Record 36, Synonyms, English
Record 36, Textual support, English
Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT
In the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein(hnRNP) A1 pre-mRNA, different regions in the introns flanking alternative exon 7B have been implicated in the production of the A1 and A1B mRNA splice isoforms. 1, record 36, English, - heterogeneous%20nuclear%20ribonucleoprotein
Record 36, Key term(s)
- heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoprotein
Record 36, French
Record 36, Domaine(s)
- Biologie moléculaire
- Génétique
Record 36, Main entry term, French
- ribonucléoprotéine nucléaire hétérogène
1, record 36, French, ribonucl%C3%A9oprot%C3%A9ine%20nucl%C3%A9aire%20h%C3%A9t%C3%A9rog%C3%A8ne
correct, feminine noun
Record 36, Abbreviations, French
- RNPnh 2, record 36, French, RNPnh
correct, feminine noun
Record 36, Synonyms, French
- particule ribonucléoprotéique hétérogène du noyau 3, record 36, French, particule%20ribonucl%C3%A9oprot%C3%A9ique%20h%C3%A9t%C3%A9rog%C3%A8ne%20du%20noyau
correct, feminine noun
- hnRNP 4, record 36, French, hnRNP
anglicism, feminine noun
- hnRNP 4, record 36, French, hnRNP
- particule ribonucléoprotéique nucléaire 5, record 36, French, particule%20ribonucl%C3%A9oprot%C3%A9ique%20nucl%C3%A9aire
feminine noun
Record 36, Textual support, French
Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les particules RNPnh qui en résultent (particules ribonucléoprotéiques nucléaires hétérogènes, hnRNP en anglais) peuvent être purifiées après traitement des noyaux par des ribonucléases d'une façon juste suffisante pour détruire l'ARN qui les relie. Le diamètre de ces particules est environ le double de celui des nucléosomes (20 nm). Leur noyau protéique est également plus complexe et bien moins caractérisé : il est composé d'un ensemble d'au moins huit protéines différentes. 3, record 36, French, - ribonucl%C3%A9oprot%C3%A9ine%20nucl%C3%A9aire%20h%C3%A9t%C3%A9rog%C3%A8ne
Record 36, Spanish
Record 36, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Biología molecular
- Genética
Record 36, Main entry term, Spanish
- ribonucleoproteína nuclear heterogénea
1, record 36, Spanish, ribonucleoprote%C3%ADna%20nuclear%20heterog%C3%A9nea
correct, feminine noun
Record 36, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 36, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 36, Textual support, Spanish
Record 37 - internal organization data 2011-01-28
Record 37, English
Record 37, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 37, Main entry term, English
- hybrid-released translation
1, record 37, English, hybrid%2Dreleased%20translation
correct
Record 37, Abbreviations, English
Record 37, Synonyms, English
Record 37, Textual support, English
Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Method that enables a cloned DNA to be correlated with the protein for which it encodes. 1, record 37, English, - hybrid%2Dreleased%20translation
Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Cloned DNA is bound to a cellulose nitrate filter and hybridized with an unfractionated preparation of mRNA. The filter is washed and the hybridized mRNA eluted by heating in a buffer with formamide. The recovered mRNA is then translated in a cell-free system, and the radiolabelled polypeptide products analyzed by gel electrophoresis. 1, record 37, English, - hybrid%2Dreleased%20translation
Record 37, French
Record 37, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 37, Main entry term, French
- traduction d'ARN messager purifié par hybridation
1, record 37, French, traduction%20d%27ARN%20messager%20purifi%C3%A9%20par%20hybridation
correct, feminine noun
Record 37, Abbreviations, French
Record 37, Synonyms, French
Record 37, Textual support, French
Record 37, Spanish
Record 37, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Genética
Record 37, Main entry term, Spanish
- traducción permitida por hibridación
1, record 37, Spanish, traducci%C3%B3n%20permitida%20por%20hibridaci%C3%B3n
correct, feminine noun
Record 37, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 37, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 37, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Método utilizado para identificar el producto génico de un gen clonado. 1, record 37, Spanish, - traducci%C3%B3n%20permitida%20por%20hibridaci%C3%B3n
Record 38 - internal organization data 2010-04-29
Record 38, English
Record 38, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Record 38, Main entry term, English
- double-stranded
1, record 38, English, double%2Dstranded
correct, adjective
Record 38, Abbreviations, English
Record 38, Synonyms, English
- double-strand 2, record 38, English, double%2Dstrand
correct, adjective
Record 38, Textual support, English
Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF
[Refers to a structure] consisting of two bound strands, each of which is the complement of the other. 1, record 38, English, - double%2Dstranded
Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS
DNA is usually double-stranded, while mRNA is not. 1, record 38, English, - double%2Dstranded
Record 38, Key term(s)
- double strand, double stranded
Record 38, French
Record 38, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
- Biologie moléculaire
Record 38, Main entry term, French
- double brin
1, record 38, French, double%20brin
correct, adjective
Record 38, Abbreviations, French
Record 38, Synonyms, French
- bicaténaire 2, record 38, French, bicat%C3%A9naire
correct, adjective
Record 38, Textual support, French
Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF
[Qualifie une] structure qui est constituée de deux chaînes complémentaires. 3, record 38, French, - double%20brin
Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS
L'ADN est une structure bicaténaire : deux chaînes nucléotidiques complémentaires. 3, record 38, French, - double%20brin
Record 38, Spanish
Record 38, Textual support, Spanish
Record 39 - internal organization data 2010-04-20
Record 39, English
Record 39, Subject field(s)
- Molecular Biology
Record 39, Main entry term, English
- melanin-concentrating hormone
1, record 39, English, melanin%2Dconcentrating%20hormone
correct
Record 39, Abbreviations, English
- MCH 2, record 39, English, MCH
correct
Record 39, Synonyms, English
Record 39, Textual support, English
Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Melanin-concentrating hormone(MCH) is a cyclic peptide predominantly expressed in the hypothalamus of mammals. This peptide modulates the stress response and regulates many goal-oriented behaviors in the rat brain. MCH mRNA and peptides generated from the precursor, namely MCH and neuropeptide(N) glutamic acid(E) isoleucine(I) amide(NEI), were also found in rodent peripheral tissues including those in adult testis. 3, record 39, English, - melanin%2Dconcentrating%20hormone
Record 39, French
Record 39, Domaine(s)
- Biologie moléculaire
Record 39, Main entry term, French
- MCH
1, record 39, French, MCH
correct, feminine noun
Record 39, Abbreviations, French
Record 39, Synonyms, French
- hormone MCH 2, record 39, French, hormone%20MCH
proposal, feminine noun
Record 39, Textual support, French
Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Parmi les peptides les plus en vogue citons la galanine, le neuropeptide Y (NPY) et la melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) pour leurs effets orexigènes et le glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) et la cholécystokinine (CCK) pour leur effet modérateur sur la prise de nourriture. 1, record 39, French, - MCH
Record 39, Spanish
Record 39, Textual support, Spanish
Record 40 - internal organization data 2008-10-28
Record 40, English
Record 40, Subject field(s)
- Banks (Medicine)
- Genetics
Record 40, Main entry term, English
- gene library
1, record 40, English, gene%20library
correct
Record 40, Abbreviations, English
Record 40, Synonyms, English
- expression library 2, record 40, English, expression%20library
correct
- gene bank 1, record 40, English, gene%20bank
correct
- DNA library 3, record 40, English, DNA%20library
correct
Record 40, Textual support, English
Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A collection of cloned DNA [deoxyribonucleic acid] fragments inserted in a vector where any genes present are expressed. 4, record 40, English, - gene%20library
Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS
There are two types of gene libraries :"genomic libraries" containing all the genome and "cDNA libraries" containing a collection of cDNA(mRNA in DNA form). 4, record 40, English, - gene%20library
Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 OBS
gene bank: Not to be confused with a gene databank. 4, record 40, English, - gene%20library
Record 40, French
Record 40, Domaine(s)
- Banques (Médecine)
- Génétique
Record 40, Main entry term, French
- banque de gènes
1, record 40, French, banque%20de%20g%C3%A8nes
correct, see observation, feminine noun
Record 40, Abbreviations, French
Record 40, Synonyms, French
- banque d'expression 2, record 40, French, banque%20d%27expression
correct, feminine noun
- génothèque 3, record 40, French, g%C3%A9noth%C3%A8que
correct, feminine noun
- banque d'ADN 4, record 40, French, banque%20d%27ADN
correct, feminine noun
- librairie de gènes 5, record 40, French, librairie%20de%20g%C3%A8nes
anglicism, feminine noun
Record 40, Textual support, French
Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Collection de fragments d'ADN [acide désoxyribonucléique] clonés et insérés dans un vecteur. 6, record 40, French, - banque%20de%20g%C3%A8nes
Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS
banque de gènes : Ne pas confondre avec une banque de données relatives aux gènes d'un organisme. 6, record 40, French, - banque%20de%20g%C3%A8nes
Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Si l'ensemble de fragments d'ADN représente le génome entier on parlera de «banque génomique» et si l'ensemble est constitué seulement d'ADNc on parlera alors de «banque d'ADNc». 6, record 40, French, - banque%20de%20g%C3%A8nes
Record 40, Spanish
Record 40, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Bancos (Medicina)
- Genética
Record 40, Main entry term, Spanish
- banco de genes
1, record 40, Spanish, banco%20de%20genes
correct, masculine noun
Record 40, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 40, Synonyms, Spanish
- genoteca 2, record 40, Spanish, genoteca
correct, see observation, feminine noun
- genoteca de ADN 3, record 40, Spanish, genoteca%20de%20ADN
correct, feminine noun
- banco de ADN 4, record 40, Spanish, banco%20de%20ADN
correct, masculine noun
- biblioteca génica 5, record 40, Spanish, biblioteca%20g%C3%A9nica
avoid, anglicism, see observation, feminine noun
Record 40, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Colección de moléculas de ADN [ácido desoxirribonucleico] recombinante [clonado] en los cuales hay inserciones que representan el genoma completo de un organismo. 6, record 40, Spanish, - banco%20de%20genes
Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS
banco de genes: No confundir con banco genómico de datos. 7, record 40, Spanish, - banco%20de%20genes
Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 OBS
genoteca: No confundir con "genoteca genómica", que contiene solo ADN genómico y no fragmentos de ADN provenientes de distintas fuentes, como es el caso de la genoteca. 8, record 40, Spanish, - banco%20de%20genes
Record number: 40, Textual support number: 3 OBS
biblioteca génica: Evitar el uso de "biblioteca" ya que no son libros los que se guardan en este caso, como da a entender el prefijo "biblio-". 8, record 40, Spanish, - banco%20de%20genes
Record 41 - internal organization data 2008-04-14
Record 41, English
Record 41, Subject field(s)
- Banks (Medicine)
- Genetics
- Biotechnology
Record 41, Main entry term, English
- complementary DNA library
1, record 41, English, complementary%20DNA%20library
correct
Record 41, Abbreviations, English
Record 41, Synonyms, English
- cDNA library 2, record 41, English, cDNA%20library
correct
Record 41, Textual support, English
Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A collection of cloned DNAs in the form of cDNA(complementary DNA) synthetized from a complex mRNA [messenger RNA] population and inserted into a suitable cloning vector. 3, record 41, English, - complementary%20DNA%20library
Record 41, French
Record 41, Domaine(s)
- Banques (Médecine)
- Génétique
- Biotechnologie
Record 41, Main entry term, French
- banque d'ADN complémentaire
1, record 41, French, banque%20d%27ADN%20compl%C3%A9mentaire
correct, feminine noun
Record 41, Abbreviations, French
Record 41, Synonyms, French
- banque d'ADNc 2, record 41, French, banque%20d%27ADNc
correct, feminine noun
- banque de cDNA 3, record 41, French, banque%20de%20cDNA
avoid, anglicism, feminine noun
Record 41, Textual support, French
Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Ensemble d'ADN clonés sous formes d'ADNc [ADN complémentaires] synthétisés à partir d'ARNm [ARN messager] et destinés à être insérés dans un vecteur. 4, record 41, French, - banque%20d%27ADN%20compl%C3%A9mentaire
Record 41, Spanish
Record 41, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Bancos (Medicina)
- Genética
- Biotecnología
Record 41, Main entry term, Spanish
- genoteca de ADNc
1, record 41, Spanish, genoteca%20de%20ADNc
correct, feminine noun
Record 41, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 41, Synonyms, Spanish
- genoteca de ADN complementario 2, record 41, Spanish, genoteca%20de%20ADN%20complementario
correct, feminine noun
- biblioteca de ADN complementario 3, record 41, Spanish, biblioteca%20de%20ADN%20complementario
avoid, see observation, feminine noun
Record 41, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Colección de fragmentos de ADN complementario (ADNc) clonados en un vector que en conjunto representan los genes que se transcriben en un organismo o tejido en un determinado momento. 1, record 41, Spanish, - genoteca%20de%20ADNc
Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS
biblioteca de ADN complementario: Evitar el uso de "biblioteca" ya que no son libros los que se guardan en este caso, como da a entender el prefijo "biblio-". 4, record 41, Spanish, - genoteca%20de%20ADNc
Record 42 - internal organization data 2006-02-15
Record 42, English
Record 42, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 42, Main entry term, English
- untranslated sequence
1, record 42, English, untranslated%20sequence
correct
Record 42, Abbreviations, English
Record 42, Synonyms, English
- untranslated region 2, record 42, English, untranslated%20region
correct
Record 42, Textual support, English
Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A region of mRNA that is not used in the synthesis of an amino acid sequence of a given peptide or protein. 1, record 42, English, - untranslated%20sequence
Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS
[This region] usually appear at either end of the sequence that codes for the amino acid sequence. 1, record 42, English, - untranslated%20sequence
Record 42, French
Record 42, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 42, Main entry term, French
- séquence non traduite
1, record 42, French, s%C3%A9quence%20non%20traduite
correct, feminine noun
Record 42, Abbreviations, French
Record 42, Synonyms, French
Record 42, Textual support, French
Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Région des ARNm (ARNmessagers) qui n'est pas traduite en protéines. 2, record 42, French, - s%C3%A9quence%20non%20traduite
Record 42, Spanish
Record 42, Textual support, Spanish
Record 43 - internal organization data 2005-06-02
Record 43, English
Record 43, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Record 43, Main entry term, English
- DNA puff
1, record 43, English, DNA%20puff
correct
Record 43, Abbreviations, English
Record 43, Synonyms, English
Record 43, Textual support, English
Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF
An area on a chromosome where transcription of DNA into mRNA, or replication of DNA is occurring, resulting in an enlarged, puffy appearance of the area. 2, record 43, English, - DNA%20puff
Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT
To address this question, we are using the DNA puffs of the giant salivary gland chromosomes of the fly Sciara coprophila. DNA puffs represent sites of intrachromosomal gene amplification and are an excellent model for study of DNA replication. 3, record 43, English, - DNA%20puff
Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS
A DNA puff is similar to a chromosome puff, except it is generalised to any type of chromosome in any type of organism. 4, record 43, English, - DNA%20puff
Record 43, French
Record 43, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
- Biologie moléculaire
Record 43, Main entry term, French
- renflement d'ADN
1, record 43, French, renflement%20d%27ADN
proposal, see observation, masculine noun
Record 43, Abbreviations, French
Record 43, Synonyms, French
- boursouflure d'ADN 2, record 43, French, boursouflure%20d%27ADN
see observation, feminine noun
- boursoufflure d'ADN 3, record 43, French, boursoufflure%20d%27ADN
see observation, feminine noun
Record 43, Textual support, French
Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Bande d'un chromosome où s'effectue la transcription de l'ARN en ARN messager ou la réplication de l'ADN, et qui donne lieu à un renflement de cette zone. 1, record 43, French, - renflement%20d%27ADN
Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS
renflement d'ADN : Le renflement d'ADN se distingue du renflement chromosomique, car il se produit dans n'importe quel type de chromosomes (et non pas seulement sur les chromosomes polytènes) et pour tout type d'organisme. 1, record 43, French, - renflement%20d%27ADN
Record number: 43, Textual support number: 2 OBS
On écrirait mieux «boursoufflure». 4, record 43, French, - renflement%20d%27ADN
Record number: 43, Textual support number: 3 OBS
boursoufflure : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2004). 3, record 43, French, - renflement%20d%27ADN
Record 43, Spanish
Record 43, Textual support, Spanish
Record 44 - internal organization data 2004-12-15
Record 44, English
Record 44, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 44, Main entry term, English
- regulon
1, record 44, English, regulon
correct
Record 44, Abbreviations, English
Record 44, Synonyms, English
Record 44, Textual support, English
Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A group of genes or operons that are regulated together. 2, record 44, English, - regulon
Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS
The regulons may be located a good distance from each other in the genome. 2, record 44, English, - regulon
Record number: 44, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Regulons as opposed to operons are not transcribed together as one polycistronic mRNA [messenger RNA]. 3, record 44, English, - regulon
Record 44, French
Record 44, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 44, Main entry term, French
- régulon
1, record 44, French, r%C3%A9gulon
correct, masculine noun
Record 44, Abbreviations, French
Record 44, Synonyms, French
Record 44, Textual support, French
Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Chez les bactéries, les gènes ou opérons qui sont transcrits sous le contrôle d'un même facteur sigma sont souvent exprimés de façon simultanée et forment un ensemble nommé «régulon». Les gènes et protéines faisant partie des régulons impliqués dans les processus de pathogenèse constituent des cibles de choix pour le développement de nouveaux antibiotiques ou médicaments. 1, record 44, French, - r%C3%A9gulon
Record 44, Spanish
Record 44, Textual support, Spanish
Record 45 - internal organization data 2004-08-12
Record 45, English
Record 45, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Record 45, Main entry term, English
- micro-RNA
1, record 45, English, micro%2DRNA
correct
Record 45, Abbreviations, English
- miRNA 2, record 45, English, miRNA
correct
Record 45, Synonyms, English
Record 45, Textual support, English
Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A non-specific RNA class that is produced when Dicer [enzyme] cleaves double-stranded RNA to make single-stranded nucleotides; inhibits the translation of RNA into protein without altering mRNA stability. 2, record 45, English, - micro%2DRNA
Record 45, Key term(s)
- micro RNA
- microRNA
Record 45, French
Record 45, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
- Biologie moléculaire
Record 45, Main entry term, French
- micro-ARN
1, record 45, French, micro%2DARN
correct, masculine noun
Record 45, Abbreviations, French
- miARN 2, record 45, French, miARN
correct, masculine noun
Record 45, Synonyms, French
Record 45, Textual support, French
Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les micro-ARN ont une dimension de 18 à 24 nucléotides, ils sont organisés en simple brin résultant, sans doute, de précurseurs de 70 nucléotides en épingle à cheveux par l'intervention de l'enzyme «dicer», dans le noyau cellulaire, puis traversent la membrane nucléaire pour accomplir leur maturation dans le cytoplasme où ils vont réguler la traduction des ARN messagers en protéines. Ils sont capables de bloquer la synthèse de ces derniers ou d'assurer leur stabilité. 3, record 45, French, - micro%2DARN
Record 45, Key term(s)
- micro ARN
- microARN
Record 45, Spanish
Record 45, Textual support, Spanish
Record 46 - internal organization data 2004-07-08
Record 46, English
Record 46, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 46, Main entry term, English
- processed gene
1, record 46, English, processed%20gene
correct
Record 46, Abbreviations, English
Record 46, Synonyms, English
- retrogene 2, record 46, English, retrogene
correct
Record 46, Textual support, English
Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A functional retrosequence producing a protein that is identical or nearly identical to that produced by the gene from which the mRNA [messenger RNA] was derived. 2, record 46, English, - processed%20gene
Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The integrated sequence, or "retrosequence", is derived from the RNA transcript of a gene, and therefore does not contain introns. It is likely that most retrosequences degenerate and become pseudogenes; however, a few interesting sequences have retained function. A functional retrosequence is called a "retrogene" or "processed gene". 3, record 46, English, - processed%20gene
Record 46, French
Record 46, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 46, Main entry term, French
- rétrogène
1, record 46, French, r%C3%A9trog%C3%A8ne
correct, masculine noun
Record 46, Abbreviations, French
Record 46, Synonyms, French
Record 46, Textual support, French
Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La matrice dont dérive une rétroséquence correspond généralement à l'ARN transcrit d'un gène structural. Si la rétroséquence est fonctionnelle, on parle de «rétrogène», et dans le cas contraire de «rétropseudogène». 1, record 46, French, - r%C3%A9trog%C3%A8ne
Record 46, Spanish
Record 46, Textual support, Spanish
Record 47 - internal organization data 2002-04-26
Record 47, English
Record 47, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
- Biotechnology
Record 47, Main entry term, English
- transcriptome
1, record 47, English, transcriptome
correct
Record 47, Abbreviations, English
Record 47, Synonyms, English
Record 47, Textual support, English
Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The population of mRNA [messenger ribonucleic acid] transcripts in the cell, weighted by their expression levels. 2, record 47, English, - transcriptome
Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT
In contrast to the genome, the transcriptome is not static but dynamic, as it is dependent on the cell type and the physiological and developmental state of the cells under study. 3, record 47, English, - transcriptome
Record 47, French
Record 47, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
- Biotechnologie
Record 47, Main entry term, French
- transcriptome
1, record 47, French, transcriptome
correct, masculine noun
Record 47, Abbreviations, French
Record 47, Synonyms, French
Record 47, Textual support, French
Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Ensemble des ARN [acides ribonucléiques] messagers transcrits à partir du génome. 2, record 47, French, - transcriptome
Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT
En complément des [projets qui visent à déterminer la séquence complète des lettres qui composent les génomes de différents êtres vivants], on trouve les projets visant à cerner la partie du génome exprimée en ARN messager, le transcriptome, et les protéines synthétisées à partir de ces messagers, le protéome. 3, record 47, French, - transcriptome
Record 47, Spanish
Record 47, Textual support, Spanish
Record 48 - internal organization data 2001-09-25
Record 48, English
Record 48, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 48, Main entry term, English
- retrotranscription
1, record 48, English, retrotranscription
correct
Record 48, Abbreviations, English
Record 48, Synonyms, English
Record 48, Textual support, English
Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Pseudogenes are diverse, easy to miss, and complex to annotate. They fall into two rough classes : those that arose from genomic duplication and those that arose from retrotranscription of mRNA. The first class is important for understanding chromosomal evolution; the second for a snapshot in time of a gene's evolution. Pseudogenes are part of the extended superfamily of a gene. 2, record 48, English, - retrotranscription
Record 48, French
Record 48, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 48, Main entry term, French
- rétrotranscription
1, record 48, French, r%C3%A9trotranscription
correct, feminine noun
Record 48, Abbreviations, French
Record 48, Synonyms, French
Record 48, Textual support, French
Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Reposant sur le même principe que les cartes physiques, elles [les cartes de gènes] utilisent des marqueurs d'ADN complémentaire (ADNc) obtenus par rétrotranscription de banques d'ARN messagers (ARNm), et correspondant donc chacun à un gène. 1, record 48, French, - r%C3%A9trotranscription
Record number: 48, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Tiré du Technoscope. 2, record 48, French, - r%C3%A9trotranscription
Record 48, Spanish
Record 48, Textual support, Spanish
Record 49 - internal organization data 2000-04-27
Record 49, English
Record 49, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 49, Main entry term, English
- ambiguity
1, record 49, English, ambiguity
correct
Record 49, Abbreviations, English
Record 49, Synonyms, English
Record 49, Textual support, English
Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Coding ambiguity, which might also arise by other types of mutations(e. g., ribosomal), facilitates a codon's transition to a new meaning. Ambiguity allows time for selected changes in message sequences at the many sites where the new amino acid will be deleterious by providing for the production of partially active proteins during the transitional phase of codon reassignment. Accordingly, there need be no requirement that a codon entirely disappear before it can gain a new meaning, because the harm of inserting a novel amino acid is mitigated, and can also be rapidly minimized by selection of new mRNA sequences. 2, record 49, English, - ambiguity
Record 49, French
Record 49, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 49, Main entry term, French
- ambiguïté
1, record 49, French, ambigu%C3%AFt%C3%A9
correct, feminine noun
Record 49, Abbreviations, French
Record 49, Synonyms, French
Record 49, Textual support, French
Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Propriété du code génétique permettant la traduction d'un codon non sens en un codon sens. 1, record 49, French, - ambigu%C3%AFt%C3%A9
Record 49, Spanish
Record 49, Textual support, Spanish
Record 50 - internal organization data 1999-07-21
Record 50, English
Record 50, Subject field(s)
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Record 50, Main entry term, English
- translation control
1, record 50, English, translation%20control
correct
Record 50, Abbreviations, English
Record 50, Synonyms, English
- translational control 1, record 50, English, translational%20control
correct
Record 50, Textual support, English
Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The regulation(of gene expression at the level of genetic translation, i. e. by controlling the rate at which specific mRNA molecules are translated into polypeptides. 1, record 50, English, - translation%20control
Record 50, French
Record 50, Domaine(s)
- Biologie moléculaire
- Génétique
Record 50, Main entry term, French
- contrôle de la traduction
1, record 50, French, contr%C3%B4le%20de%20la%20traduction
correct, masculine noun
Record 50, Abbreviations, French
Record 50, Synonyms, French
Record 50, Textual support, French
Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT
[...] le contrôle de la traduction a été invoqué pour rendre compte du fait que les produits des différents gènes de certains opérons, c'est-à-dire les divers enzymes codés par un opéron, ne sont pas nécessairement synthétisés en quantité équimolaires [même s'ils sont codés par le] même mRNA polycistronique. 1, record 50, French, - contr%C3%B4le%20de%20la%20traduction
Record 50, Spanish
Record 50, Textual support, Spanish
Record 51 - internal organization data 1999-06-16
Record 51, English
Record 51, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 51, Main entry term, English
- PTEN/MMC1
1, record 51, English, PTEN%2FMMC1
correct
Record 51, Abbreviations, English
Record 51, Synonyms, English
Record 51, Textual support, English
Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 OBS
In the March 28, 1997 issue of Science, Li et al describe a protein which is mutated in a number of human cancers, including those from breast, brain and prostate. This protein interacts with actin filaments and is a putative protein tyrosine phosphatase. Li et al have called this protein PTEN(phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10). Steck et al, who simulatenously located the same gene have adopted the name, MMAC1(mutated in multiple advance cancers 1). The 5. 5-kb mRNA of the PTEN/MMAC1 is widely expressed in human tissues and it appears to have alternately spliced variants. The N-terminal domain of the gene codes for a 403-amino acid protein that is likely a protein phosphatase and is related to the CDC14 which is an enzyme that controls the cell division. 1, record 51, English, - PTEN%2FMMC1
Record 51, French
Record 51, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 51, Main entry term, French
- protéine PTEN/MMC1
1, record 51, French, prot%C3%A9ine%20PTEN%2FMMC1
correct, feminine noun
Record 51, Abbreviations, French
Record 51, Synonyms, French
Record 51, Textual support, French
Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Baptisé MMAC1 pour «mutated in multiple advanced cancers 1» par P. Steck, et PTEN pour «phosaphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome 10» par R. Parsons, il [le gène] code une protéine monomérique de 403 acides aminés. [...] Si le mécanisme d'action de la protéine PTEN/MMAC1 reste encore à déterminer avec précision, sa ressemblance avec la tensine suggère qu'elle favorise la cohésion des cellules dans les tissus. Sa disparition pourrait expliquer la croissance anormale des cellules cancéreuses par perte de contact avec leurs voisines, lequel constitue un frein à leur prolifération. 1, record 51, French, - prot%C3%A9ine%20PTEN%2FMMC1
Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Découverte dans l'évolution des cancers du cerveau et autres types de cancers. 2, record 51, French, - prot%C3%A9ine%20PTEN%2FMMC1
Record 51, Spanish
Record 51, Textual support, Spanish
Record 52 - internal organization data 1999-03-26
Record 52, English
Record 52, Subject field(s)
- Biochemistry
Record 52, Main entry term, English
- gene trap vector
1, record 52, English, gene%20trap%20vector
correct
Record 52, Abbreviations, English
Record 52, Synonyms, English
Record 52, Textual support, English
Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Gene trapping in murine embryonic stem cells is a proven method for the simultaneous identification and mutation of genes in the mouse. Gene trap vectors are designed to detect insertions within genes through the production of a fusion mRNA transcript, making the identification of the endogenous gene possible by 5’ rapid amplification of cDNA ends(RACE). Although the amplification of specific cDNAs can be achieved rapidly, cloning and screening of informative-sized cDNAs has proven to be time consuming. 1, record 52, English, - gene%20trap%20vector
Record 52, French
Record 52, Domaine(s)
- Biochimie
Record 52, Main entry term, French
- vecteur de piégeage
1, record 52, French, vecteur%20de%20pi%C3%A9geage
correct, masculine noun
Record 52, Abbreviations, French
Record 52, Synonyms, French
Record 52, Textual support, French
Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT
De façon générale, tous les vecteurs de piégeage possèdent d'une part un gène rapporteur qui d'ordinaire est le gène bactérien lacZ (son activité est facilement décelable et n'est pas affectée par de larges fusions à l'extrémité amino-terminale ) et d'autre part, un gène codant pour une protéine de résistance à un facteur de sélection, généralement la néomycine phospho-transférase. 1, record 52, French, - vecteur%20de%20pi%C3%A9geage
Record 52, Spanish
Record 52, Textual support, Spanish
Record 53 - internal organization data 1999-02-11
Record 53, English
Record 53, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 53, Main entry term, English
- monocistronic RNA.
1, record 53, English, monocistronic%20RNA%2E
correct
Record 53, Abbreviations, English
Record 53, Synonyms, English
Record 53, Textual support, English
Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The second group, comprising the Orthomyxoviruses, Paramyxoviruses, Bunyaviruses, Arenaviruses and Rhabdoviruses all have(-) sense RNA genomes. The genomes of these viruses must serve two functions, firstly to serve as a template for transcription to generate(+) sense RNA and secondly as a template for replication. Upon entry into the host cell the(-) sense genome is transcribed to generate(+) sense monocistronic RNA that serves as mRNA for the production of viral proteins which initiate genome replication. 2, record 53, English, - monocistronic%20RNA%2E
Record 53, French
Record 53, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 53, Main entry term, French
- ARN monocistronique
1, record 53, French, ARN%20monocistronique
correct, masculine noun
Record 53, Abbreviations, French
Record 53, Synonyms, French
Record 53, Textual support, French
Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 DEF
ARN ne comportant qu'une seule information génétique. 1, record 53, French, - ARN%20monocistronique
Record 53, Spanish
Record 53, Textual support, Spanish
Record 54 - internal organization data 1999-02-03
Record 54, English
Record 54, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 54, Main entry term, English
- antisense sequence
1, record 54, English, antisense%20sequence
correct
Record 54, Abbreviations, English
Record 54, Synonyms, English
Record 54, Textual support, English
Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Probes must contain the antisense sequence(complementary to the mRNA sequence). Double-stranded probes will of course always contain the antisense sequence. When designing single-stranded probes or probe templates, be sure that the antisense strand will be synthesized. Promoters or primers used to generate single-stranded antisense probes must be located at the more 3/end of the coding sequence. 1, record 54, English, - antisense%20sequence
Record 54, French
Record 54, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 54, Main entry term, French
- séquence antisens
1, record 54, French, s%C3%A9quence%20antisens
correct, feminine noun
Record 54, Abbreviations, French
Record 54, Synonyms, French
Record 54, Textual support, French
Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Une autre approche développée par l'équipe de Jacques Hartzfeld de l'hôpital Paul-Brousse (Villejuif) consiste dans l'inactivation par des séquences antisens de gènes codant des facteurs maintenant les cellules souches dans un état quiescent, tels que le TGF (transforming growth factor)-ß1. 1, record 54, French, - s%C3%A9quence%20antisens
Record 54, Spanish
Record 54, Textual support, Spanish
Record 55 - internal organization data 1999-01-27
Record 55, English
Record 55, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 55, Main entry term, English
- RNA replicase
1, record 55, English, RNA%20replicase
correct
Record 55, Abbreviations, English
Record 55, Synonyms, English
Record 55, Textual support, English
Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Nodavirus RNA Replication. We have constructed DNA plasmids and vaccinia virus recombinants that express the RNA replicase of a nodavirus. In the cytoplasm of transfected or infected mammalian cells, this enzyme selectively amplifies its own mRNA by RNA replication. The replicase can also amplify other RNAs if they contain appropriate cis-acting replication signals, and we are striving to harness this ability for vector, vaccine, and gene therapy application. 1, record 55, English, - RNA%20replicase
Record 55, French
Record 55, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 55, Main entry term, French
- ARN réplicase
1, record 55, French, ARN%20r%C3%A9plicase
correct, masculine noun
Record 55, Abbreviations, French
Record 55, Synonyms, French
Record 55, Textual support, French
Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Enzyme qui, chez les Virus à ARN, catalyse la reproduction (réplication) de cette molécule. Comme l'ARN viral est monocaténaire, la réplication nécessiterait un intermédiaire bicaténaire à partir duquel s'effectuerait la reproduction du brin. 2, record 55, French, - ARN%20r%C3%A9plicase
Record 55, Spanish
Record 55, Textual support, Spanish
Record 56 - internal organization data 1998-12-10
Record 56, English
Record 56, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 56, Main entry term, English
- translate
1, record 56, English, translate
correct, verb
Record 56, Abbreviations, English
Record 56, Synonyms, English
Record 56, Textual support, English
Record number: 56, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Comes from translation which is the decoding process whereby each codon in mRNA is translated into 20 amino acids during protein synthesis on polysome. 2, record 56, English, - translate
Record 56, French
Record 56, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 56, Main entry term, French
- transduire
1, record 56, French, transduire
correct, verb
Record 56, Abbreviations, French
Record 56, Synonyms, French
Record 56, Textual support, French
Record number: 56, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Le deuxième obstacle auquel se heurtent les chercheurs provient de l'incapacité des rétrovirus de type MLV à transduire des cellules qui ne se divisent pas. 1, record 56, French, - transduire
Record 56, Spanish
Record 56, Textual support, Spanish
Record 57 - internal organization data 1997-02-28
Record 57, English
Record 57, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 57, Main entry term, English
- cryptic promoter
1, record 57, English, cryptic%20promoter
correct
Record 57, Abbreviations, English
Record 57, Synonyms, English
Record 57, Textual support, English
Record number: 57, Textual support number: 1 CONT
These results suggest that sequence elements that may restrict VIP transcription or cause tissue-specific VIP mRNA accumulation are missing from the transgene. In the testis there is a high level of transgene message but not significant beta-galactosidase activity; this discripency is caused by transcription from a cryptic promoter within the beta-galactosidase sequence. 1, record 57, English, - cryptic%20promoter
Record number: 57, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Excerpt taken from BIOSIS data base. 2, record 57, English, - cryptic%20promoter
Record 57, French
Record 57, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 57, Main entry term, French
- promoteur cryptique
1, record 57, French, promoteur%20cryptique
correct, masculine noun
Record 57, Abbreviations, French
Record 57, Synonyms, French
Record 57, Textual support, French
Record number: 57, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Lors de la transcription, il existe parfois deux séquences d'ADN reliées l'une à l'autre, une qui est normale et l'autre dite «cryptique». Quand les deux sont présentes, il n'y a que la normale qui s'exprime. Cependant, quand les deux sont présentes et que la normale est inactive, c'est la séquence cryptique qui s'exprime. 1, record 57, French, - promoteur%20cryptique
Record number: 57, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Renseignement fourni par une généticienne des plantes, au Centre de biotechnologie alimentaire de Saint-Hyacinthe. 1, record 57, French, - promoteur%20cryptique
Record 57, Spanish
Record 57, Textual support, Spanish
Record 58 - internal organization data 1996-10-17
Record 58, English
Record 58, Subject field(s)
- Biochemistry
- Genetics
Record 58, Main entry term, English
- extracellular signal-regulated kinase
1, record 58, English, extracellular%20signal%2Dregulated%20kinase
correct
Record 58, Abbreviations, English
- ERK 2, record 58, English, ERK
correct
Record 58, Synonyms, English
Record 58, Textual support, English
Record number: 58, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Insoluble peptidoglycan(PGN) from staphylococcal cell walls as well as soluble PGN(sPGN) secreted by staphylococci in the presence of beta-lactam antibiotics induced TNF-alpha mRNA and secretion of bioactive TNF-alpha in the murine RAW264. 7 macrophage cell line. PGN and sPGN also induced rapid and dose-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of several cellular proteins, including lyn and mitogen-activated protein kinases(extracellular signal-regulated kinases; but not hck, fgr, or vav) and increased the activities of mitogen-activated protein and rsk kinases. These PGN-and sPGN-induced effects were qualitatively similar to the effects induced by ReLPS, but higher concentrations of PGN and sPGN than ReLPS were required. 3, record 58, English, - extracellular%20signal%2Dregulated%20kinase
Record number: 58, Textual support number: 1 OBS
The Journal of Immunology: Volume: 155 Number: 05 Pages: 2620 - 2630 September 1, 1995. 4, record 58, English, - extracellular%20signal%2Dregulated%20kinase
Record 58, French
Record 58, Domaine(s)
- Biochimie
- Génétique
Record 58, Main entry term, French
- protéine ERK
1, record 58, French, prot%C3%A9ine%20ERK
correct, feminine noun
Record 58, Abbreviations, French
Record 58, Synonyms, French
Record 58, Textual support, French
Record 58, Spanish
Record 58, Textual support, Spanish
Record 59 - internal organization data 1996-03-22
Record 59, English
Record 59, Subject field(s)
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
Record 59, Main entry term, English
- precursor polyprotein
1, record 59, English, precursor%20polyprotein
correct
Record 59, Abbreviations, English
Record 59, Synonyms, English
Record 59, Textual support, English
Record number: 59, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Tomato ringspot nepovirus (TomRSV) infects small fruits and tree fruits. Coat and movement proteins of TomRSV are expressed coordinately via proteolytic processing of a polyprotein precursor at specific cleavage sites by a virus-encoded protease. Therefore the two cleavage sites involved in the release of the coat and movement proteins from the precursor polyprotein must be recognized at equal efficiency by the TomSVP protease. These results provide important information toward the inhibitors of viral proteases, which has potential as a novel strategy for engineering resistance to plant viruses. 1, record 59, English, - precursor%20polyprotein
Record number: 59, Textual support number: 2 CONT
In the(...) polyomeylitis virus the RNA molecule in the virion serves as the mRNA to encode all the viral proteins. The individual proteins are first synthesized as a single long poypeptide strand or polyprotein which is then cleaved to yield the different proteins. 2, record 59, English, - precursor%20polyprotein
Record 59, French
Record 59, Domaine(s)
- Biochimie
- Biologie moléculaire
Record 59, Main entry term, French
- polyprotéine précurseur
1, record 59, French, polyprot%C3%A9ine%20pr%C3%A9curseur
feminine noun
Record 59, Abbreviations, French
Record 59, Synonyms, French
Record 59, Textual support, French
Record number: 59, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Parmi ces plasmides sélectionnés par hybridation in situ, deux PHT-B3 et PH-T-B6 ont été caractérisés par hybridation-traduction et restriction. Chacun contient les séquences cDNA de la polyprotéine précurseur de la calcitonine humaine. Cette polyprotéine précurseur est codée par un mRNA comportant 1000 bases. 1, record 59, French, - polyprot%C3%A9ine%20pr%C3%A9curseur
Record 59, Spanish
Record 59, Textual support, Spanish
Record 60 - internal organization data 1994-03-09
Record 60, English
Record 60, Subject field(s)
- Biochemistry
Record 60, Main entry term, English
- activin
1, record 60, English, activin
correct
Record 60, Abbreviations, English
Record 60, Synonyms, English
Record 60, Textual support, English
Record number: 60, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Activin, a member of the transforming growth factor-beta family of peptides, is implicated in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation in a variety of biological systems. We have sought to identify immediate early genes whose altered expression may provide a common nuclear event involved in activin-regulated phenotypic changes in many cell types. In both human K562 myelogenous leukemia and rat PC12 pheochromocytoma cells, activin treatment caused transient transcription-dependent and protein synthesis-independent increases of junB messenger RNA(mRNA) within 1 hour... [Source : PASCAL database]. 1, record 60, English, - activin
Record number: 60, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Activin A not only stimulates the synthesis and release of pituitary follicle-stimulating hormones but exerts various effects on haematopoietic cells, embryos, and fibroblasts [Source: PASCAL database]. 1, record 60, English, - activin
Record 60, French
Record 60, Domaine(s)
- Biochimie
Record 60, Main entry term, French
- activine
1, record 60, French, activine
correct, feminine noun
Record 60, Abbreviations, French
Record 60, Synonyms, French
Record 60, Textual support, French
Record number: 60, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les activines, des inducteurs du mésoderme axial chez le xénope et le poulet. Nous avons rapporté [...] que l'inducteur mésodermique XTC-MIF (mesoderm inducing factor dérivé de la lignée de xénope XTC), appartenant à la famille TGF B, était l'équivalent de l'activine chez Xenopus. 1, record 60, French, - activine
Record 60, Spanish
Record 60, Textual support, Spanish
Record 61 - internal organization data 1991-06-06
Record 61, English
Record 61, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Record 61, Main entry term, English
- synthetize the gene
1, record 61, English, synthetize%20the%20gene
correct
Record 61, Abbreviations, English
Record 61, Synonyms, English
Record 61, Textual support, English
Record number: 61, Textual support number: 1 CONT
For the purpose of obtaining a DNA sequence that represents a particular protein, the ideal approach is to start with the mRNA which is, after all, the template used to produce the protein in vivo. The existence of reverse transcription makes it possible to synthesize a duplex DNA(cDNA) from an mRNA. This is especially easy for mRNA that carries a poly(A) tail at the 3’ "end". Synthesis of genes such as the hemoglobin gene have been achieved in many laboratories. 1, record 61, English, - synthetize%20the%20gene
Record 61, French
Record 61, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
- Biologie moléculaire
Record 61, Main entry term, French
- synthétiser un gène
1, record 61, French, synth%C3%A9tiser%20un%20g%C3%A8ne
correct
Record 61, Abbreviations, French
Record 61, Synonyms, French
Record 61, Textual support, French
Record number: 61, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Contrairement à ce que l'on pourrait penser à première vue, l'ADN chromosomique d'une cellule eucaryote n'est pas une bonne source de gènes. D'une part, parce que le plus souvent les gènes ont une structure en mosaïque et, d'autre part, parce que la complexité du chromosome cellulaire rend très difficile l'isolement précis d'un gène. La possibilité de synthétiser un gène a donc été une découverte technologique très importante. Il est possible de synthétiser un ADN complémentaire (cADN) du mARN grâce à la réverse transcriptase, cela constitue la synthèse d'un gène par voie enzymatique. Les difficultés sont d'obtenir un mARN suffisamment purifié et une synthèse complète de cADN. Lorsqu'on connaît la séquence en acides aminés d'un polypeptide, on peut aussi effectuer la synthèse chimique du gène correspondant directement à partir des quatre nucléotides A, T, G, et C. C'est une technique beaucoup plus longue que la précédente et qui devient très délicate à partir d'une certaine taille d'ADN. 1, record 61, French, - synth%C3%A9tiser%20un%20g%C3%A8ne
Record 61, Spanish
Record 61, Textual support, Spanish
Record 62 - internal organization data 1989-12-18
Record 62, English
Record 62, Subject field(s)
- Biological Sciences
Record 62, Main entry term, English
- human interferon
1, record 62, English, human%20interferon
correct
Record 62, Abbreviations, English
Record 62, Synonyms, English
Record 62, Textual support, English
Record number: 62, Textual support number: 1 CONT
A cDNA library was prepared from human leukocytes. Interferon represents less than 0. 1 percent of the total mRNA in these cells. The cDNA library was broken down into eight groups, and total plasmid DNA was prepared from each group. The presence of interferon cDNA in each group was determined by using the hybrid-selection procedure. When an interferon group of clones was identified, it was subdivided into groups containing fewer clones, and the process was repeated. Four such subdivisions were necessary to obtain a pure cDNA clone for human interferon. 1, record 62, English, - human%20interferon
Record 62, French
Record 62, Domaine(s)
- Sciences biologiques
Record 62, Main entry term, French
- interféron humain
1, record 62, French, interf%C3%A9ron%20humain
correct, masculine noun
Record 62, Abbreviations, French
Record 62, Synonyms, French
Record 62, Textual support, French
Record number: 62, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Il est possible d'introduire dans des bactéries des gènes étrangers placés sous des contrôles génétiques puissants, et de les y faire s'exprimer : une molécule rare, comme les interférons humains, peut ainsi être produite jusqu'à plusieurs pour-cent des protéines totales d'un colibacille ou d'une levure. 1, record 62, French, - interf%C3%A9ron%20humain
Record 62, Spanish
Record 62, Textual support, Spanish
Record 63 - internal organization data 1989-09-05
Record 63, English
Record 63, Subject field(s)
- Cytology
Record 63, Main entry term, English
- nuclear pore
1, record 63, English, nuclear%20pore
correct
Record 63, Abbreviations, English
Record 63, Synonyms, English
Record 63, Textual support, English
Record number: 63, Textual support number: 1 DEF
an annular-shaped hole that occurs in the nuclear membrane; usually large numbers are present. The inner and outer membranes of the nucleus become fused together at the annulus.(They) are the site of active transport of materials into and out of the nucleus. Nuclear imports include the nucleotide precursors of DNA and RNA, histones and ribosomal proteins, whereas exports include mRNA, tRNA and ribosomal subunits. 2, record 63, English, - nuclear%20pore
Record 63, French
Record 63, Domaine(s)
- Cytologie
Record 63, Main entry term, French
- pore nucléaire
1, record 63, French, pore%20nucl%C3%A9aire
correct, masculine noun
Record 63, Abbreviations, French
Record 63, Synonyms, French
Record 63, Textual support, French
Record number: 63, Textual support number: 1 DEF
structure complexe de l'enveloppe nucléaire. À son niveau, les deux membranes, externe et interne, de l'enveloppe se rejoignent et s'accolent. Les pores sont distribués régulièrement et en nombre proportionnel à l'activité de la cellule. Chaque pore comprend un matériel annulaire constitué par des fibrilles pelotonnées sur elles-mêmes. Un granule central qui serait une ribonucléoprotéine et un diaphragme. 2, record 63, French, - pore%20nucl%C3%A9aire
Record 63, Spanish
Record 63, Textual support, Spanish
Record 64 - internal organization data 1988-03-25
Record 64, English
Record 64, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 64, Main entry term, English
- ochre codon
1, record 64, English, ochre%20codon
correct
Record 64, Abbreviations, English
Record 64, Synonyms, English
- ochre codon 1, record 64, English, ochre%20codon
correct
Record 64, Textual support, English
Record number: 64, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The UAA sequence in mRNA. Like the amber codon, it signals the end of protein biosynthesis. The synthesized polypeptide chain is released after the incorporation of the amino acid encoded immediately before the ochre codon. Ochre is probably the natural termination codon, and the one most widely employed by all living systems. 2, record 64, English, - ochre%20codon
Record 64, French
Record 64, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 64, Main entry term, French
- codon ochre
1, record 64, French, codon%20ochre
correct, masculine noun
Record 64, Abbreviations, French
Record 64, Synonyms, French
- codon ocre 2, record 64, French, codon%20ocre
correct, masculine noun
Record 64, Textual support, French
Record number: 64, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Séquence UAA de l'ARN messager qui indique la fin de la synthèse de la chaîne polypeptidique. 3, record 64, French, - codon%20ochre
Record 64, Spanish
Record 64, Textual support, Spanish
Record 65 - internal organization data 1987-03-25
Record 65, English
Record 65, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 65, Main entry term, English
- polyhedrin negative recombinant
1, record 65, English, polyhedrin%20negative%20recombinant
correct
Record 65, Abbreviations, English
Record 65, Synonyms, English
Record 65, Textual support, English
Record number: 65, Textual support number: 1 CONT
A baculovirus transfer vector was constructed using a cloned copy of the autography californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus(AcNPV) polyhedrin gene. The ATG translation initiation codon and 32 bases of the polyhedrin mRNA 5’ leader sequences were deleted and replaced with a cDNA clone of the A/PR/8/34 influenza virus haemagglutinin(HA) gene. The hybrid HA/polyhedrin gene was transferred to AcNPV and polyhedrin-negative recombinants identified which expressed HA activity. 1, record 65, English, - polyhedrin%20negative%20recombinant
Record number: 65, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Extracted from the Pascal data base. 1, record 65, English, - polyhedrin%20negative%20recombinant
Record 65, French
Record 65, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 65, Main entry term, French
- recombinant n'exprimant pas la polyédrine
1, record 65, French, recombinant%20n%27exprimant%20pas%20la%20poly%C3%A9drine
correct, proposal, masculine noun
Record 65, Abbreviations, French
Record 65, Synonyms, French
Record 65, Textual support, French
Record number: 65, Textual support number: 1 OBS
La polyédrine, protéine d'un virus, n'est pas exprimé dans le recombinant génétique 1, record 65, French, - recombinant%20n%27exprimant%20pas%20la%20poly%C3%A9drine
Record number: 65, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Proposition d'un biologiste au ministère de la Santé et du Bien-Etre, Canada. 1, record 65, French, - recombinant%20n%27exprimant%20pas%20la%20poly%C3%A9drine
Record 65, Spanish
Record 65, Textual support, Spanish
Record 66 - internal organization data 1985-04-24
Record 66, English
Record 66, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 66, Main entry term, English
- translational reading frame 1, record 66, English, translational%20reading%20frame
Record 66, Abbreviations, English
Record 66, Synonyms, English
Record 66, Textual support, English
Record number: 66, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Experiments have demonstrated that the level of gene expression is influenced principally by the number of gene copies and the efficiency of their transcription and translation. Transcription of a cloned sequence requires the presence of a promotor recognised by the host RNA polymerase and efficient translation requires that the mRNA bears an appropriate ribosome binding site and a correct translational reading frame. 1, record 66, English, - translational%20reading%20frame
Record 66, French
Record 66, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 66, Main entry term, French
- cadre de lecture pour la traduction
1, record 66, French, cadre%20de%20lecture%20pour%20la%20traduction
masculine noun
Record 66, Abbreviations, French
Record 66, Synonyms, French
Record 66, Textual support, French
Record number: 66, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Des expériences ont montré que le degré d'expression d'un gène est régi principalement par le nombre de copies de ce gène et par l'efficacité de leur transcription et de leur traduction. La transcription d'une séquence clonée exige la présence d'un promoteur reconnu par l'ARN polymérase de l'hôte et une traduction efficace exige que l'ARN messager porte un site approprié de liaison avec le ribosome et un cadre correct de lecture pour la traduction. 1, record 66, French, - cadre%20de%20lecture%20pour%20la%20traduction
Record 66, Spanish
Record 66, Textual support, Spanish
Record 67 - internal organization data 1979-07-09
Record 67, English
Record 67, Subject field(s)
- Microbiology and Parasitology
Record 67, Main entry term, English
- fibrous polynucleotide chain 1, record 67, English, fibrous%20polynucleotide%20chain
Record 67, Abbreviations, English
Record 67, Synonyms, English
Record 67, Textual support, English
Record number: 67, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The molecules of transfer RNA form a class of small globular polynucleotide chains(as distinct from fibrous polynucleotide chains such as DNA and mRNA) about 75 to 90 nucleotides long. 1, record 67, English, - fibrous%20polynucleotide%20chain
Record 67, French
Record 67, Domaine(s)
- Microbiologie et parasitologie
Record 67, Main entry term, French
- chaîne polynucléotidique allongée 1, record 67, French, cha%C3%AEne%20polynucl%C3%A9otidique%20allong%C3%A9e
Record 67, Abbreviations, French
Record 67, Synonyms, French
Record 67, Textual support, French
Record number: 67, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les molécules d'ARN de transfert forment une classe de petites chaînes polynucléotidiques globulaires (différant en cela des chaînes polynucléotidiques allongées que sont IADN ou le mARN) comprenant de 75 à 90 nucléotides. 1, record 67, French, - cha%C3%AEne%20polynucl%C3%A9otidique%20allong%C3%A9e
Record 67, Spanish
Record 67, Textual support, Spanish
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