TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Areas of muscle attachment ... [on a trilobite include] antennary muscle scars; ...  1, record 1, English, - antennary%20muscle%20scar

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une paire de trous antérieurs s'observe fréquemment au bord antéro-latéral de la glabelle [d'un trilobite] dans les sillons dorsaux.  1, record 1, French, - trou%20ant%C3%A9rieur

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[Chez certains Trilobites, les trous antérieurs sont] en forme d'entonnoirs creusés dans le sillon dorsal à hauteur de l'extrémité antérieure de la glabelle [...] [Ils sont considérés] comme les apodèmes dorsaux de muscles hypostomiens [...]  1, record 1, French, - trou%20ant%C3%A9rieur

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Area on the inner surface of a bivalve shell where former muscle attachments are indicated by impressions or elevations.  2, record 2, English, - muscle%20scar

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une impression musculaire se présente, soit comme une simple dépression plus ou moins profonde, soit comme une surface entourée d'un bourrelet [...], soit en relief [...] [sur un brachiopode].  2, record 2, French, - impression%20musculaire

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

paleomorphology : The morphology or study of form and structure of fossil remains(hard parts) in order to determine the original anatomy(soft parts) of an organism; e. g. the study of a brachiopod muscle scar whose depth may indicate the strength of the muscle.  1, record 3, English, - soft%20part

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] le paléontologiste cherche à connaître l'origine de la vie et son développement ultérieur. Les documents dont il dispose pour cela sont rares et fragmentaires : parties dures conservées (coquilles, os, dents), empreintes de feuilles, tiges, coquilles, plus rarement parties molles (pollens préservés dans les tourbes..., etc.).  1, record 3, French, - partie%20molle

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

paleomorphology : The morphology or study of form and structure of fossil remains(hard parts) in order to determine the original anatomy(soft parts) of an organism; e. g. the study of a brachiopod muscle scar whose depth may indicate the strength of the muscle.  1, record 4, English, - hard%20part

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] le paléontologiste cherche à connaître l'origine de la vie et son développement ultérieur. Les documents dont il dispose pour cela sont rares et fragmentaires : parties dures conservées (coquilles, os, dents), empreintes de feuilles, tiges, coquilles, plus rarement parties molles (pollens préservés dans les tourbes..., etc.). [...] Beaucoup [d'espèces] ont pu disparaître sans laisser de traces; tel a dû être le cas d'une foule d'êtres [...] dépourvus de parties dures (vers, méduses..., etc.) [...]  1, record 4, French, - partie%20dure

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... one can frequently pick up empty bivalve shells on which one can recognize the hinge, the umbo and the scars of the adductor muscles ...  2, record 5, English, - muscle%20scar

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans l'illustration, on trouve «impression muscle adducteur».  1, record 5, French, - impression%20du%20muscle%20adducteur

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

impression muscle adducteur.  2, record 5, French, - impression%20du%20muscle%20adducteur

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A surgical incision made across a scar or muscle that limits function.  1, record 6, English, - contracture%20release

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On décrit un lambeau pour recouvrir la libération d'une rétraction en adduction modérée du second espace interdigital. (de PASCAL. Voir Journal of Hand Surgery, 1982, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 21-24).  1, record 6, French, - lib%C3%A9ration%20d%27une%20r%C3%A9traction

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Smooth, or slightly depressed paired areas, in cases darker in color than [the] surrounding regions, in [the] external surface of [the] axial region of [the] exoskeleton [of a trilobite], interpreted as areas of muscle attachment [are called muscle scars.]  1, record 7, English, - muscle%20scar

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les seules traces qu'on (...) [connaît de l'appareil musculaire d'un Trilobite] sont les "impressions musculaires", c'est-à-dire les points d'insertion des muscles sur le tégument dorsal.  1, record 7, French, - impression%20musculaire

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[In an ostracode, the adductor muscle scar is an] Impression on [the] valve interior of [the] muscle serving for closure of [the] valves, generally located in front of [the] mid-length.  1, record 8, English, - adductor%20muscle%20scar

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les empreintes des muscles adducteurs [d'un Ostracode] se trouvent de préférence dans les parties antéro-dorsales ou antérieures des valves, (...)  1, record 8, French, - empreinte%20des%20muscles%20adducteurs

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Bivalves of the] family Anomiidae [have shells that are] irregular in outline, mostly sessile, slightly to markedly inequivalve. [A] byssus [is] present in young stages, later modified in most to become pluglike, horny, passing through [an] embayment or foramen in [the] lower valve(normally RV). [The] adductor muscle scar [is] subcentral, with one or more pedal and byssal retractor muscle scars above it, best seen on LV, opposite to foramen. "?Perm., Cret.-Rec. ".  1, record 9, English, - Anomiidae

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Les Lamellibranches de la] famille des Anomiidae [ont une] coquille généralement mince, irrégulière, libre ou fixée par un byssus calcaire passant par un échancrure de la valve droite, échancrure à bords plus ou moins rapprochés, soudés ou oblitérés par un dépôt calcaire; [ils ont une] charnière sans dents, [un] ligament interne; une impression musculaire subcentrale.  1, record 9, French, - Anomiidae

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Bivalves of the] family Anthracosiidae(...) [have shells that are] equivalve or subequivalve, highly variable, but commonly ovate, elliptical, subtriangular or suborbicular in outline; [the] hinge line [is] gently arcuate. [A] circular anterior adductor scar [is] deeply impressed, slightly smaller in area than [the] shallow oval posterior scar and situated near [the] margin with [the] angle of [the] usually well-defined, subtriangular frontal lobe; [the] anterior retractor muscle [is] situated above and close to [the] anterior adductor, its impression visible on [the] internal molds as [a] small single or double scar on [the] crest of [the] umbonal ridge. Dentition [is] variable, usually consisting of one subumbonal tooth(in both valves or in only one), which may not reach [the] edge of [the] hinge plate, but two teeth may occur in each valve, or in one valve only(single tooth, which may be in either valve, fitting between) ;[there are] rarely more than two teeth(maximum four, of low relief) present in each valve, and [the] hinge plate may be edentulous. [The] lunule and escutcheon [are] variable, but usually feebly defined. "Carb., ? Perm. ".  1, record 10, English, - Anthracosiidae

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Les Lamellibranches de la] famille des Anthracosiidae (...) [ont une] coquille inéquilatérale, ovale, subtrapéziforme ou triangulaire, lisse ou finement striée concentriquement, [le] ligament [est] externe. [Ils ont une] Charnière présentant de très grandes variations et ne constituant pas, de ce fait, un bon caractère générique; il y a tantôt une dent sous le crochet et une dent postérieure, tantôt de nombreuses dents, tantôt pas de dents. (...) Dévonien au Trias. (...)  1, record 10, French, - Anthracosiidae

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Gastropods of the] superfamily Patellacea [have shells that are] conical or cap-shaped, bilaterally symmetrical, without perforation of marginal notch, without [an] internal septum; [the] muscle attachment scar [is] semicircular or horseshoe-shaped, open on [the] anterior side; [the] outer shell layer [is] calcitic, inner layers [are] aragonitic, iridescent in some but not nacreous; [they have] no operculum; living forms [are] with [a] single bipectinate ctenidium or with [a] circlet of small branchiae beneath [the] mantle margin or with neither; pallial genital organs [are] wanting; [the] heart [has a] single auricle, [the] ventricle [is] not traversed by [a] rectum; [the] radula [is] long, docoglossate, [the] teeth [are] clawlike, [the] number in each row [is] small, exercising [an] effective rasping stroke during [the] outward protraction of [the] odontophore(...) "?M. Sil.-L. Trias., M. Trias.-Rec. "  1, record 11, English, - Patellacea

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Les Gastéropodes de la] super-famille des Patellacea [ont une] coquille conique, non enroulée chez l'adulte mais pouvant avoir une protoconque spiralée. [Ils ont une] empreinte musculaire en fer à cheval [et une] radula decoglosse.  1, record 11, French, - Patellacea

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Gastropods of the] family Fissurellidae(...) [have the following characteristics : the] shell [is] conical, porcelaneous; [the] protoconch [is] spiral;(...) [there is a] perforation, slit, notch, or emargination for [the] passage of [the] exhalant current; [the] muscle scar [is] horseshoe-shaped, open anteriorly(...). "Trias.-Rec. "  1, record 12, English, - Fissurellidae

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[La] Famille des Fissurellidae [est une] famille de Gastéropodes dibranchiés encore représentée actuellement, et semblant issue au Trias des Bellérophontidés par l'intermédiaire d'espèces capuliformes offrant encore une spire nette (...). Ce sont des coquilles vivant, comme les Patelles dont elles empruntent la forme dans la zone littorale.  1, record 12, French, - Fissurellidae

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Brachiopods of the] family Thecospiridae [are] cemented by [a] ventral umbo, [the] ventral interarea [is] entire, without differentiation of [a] pseudo-deltidium; [the] dorsal interarea is vestigral, [the] chilidium absent; [the] teeth are unsupported, [the] ventral muscle scar [is] small, divided by a low median septum; [the] cardinal process [is] high, functionally bilobed but united medianly to form [a] tripartite structure, [the] socket plates [are] recurved but continuous anteriorly with [a] pair of subparallel ridges containing [the] dorsal adductor field divided by [a] low median ridge; [the] cardinal process bases [are] prolonged into 2 short processes supporting [a] pair of spirally coiled calcareous ribbons directed ventrolaterally; [the] brachial ribbons [are] sharply folded throughout [their] length to give [a] V-shaped cross-section; [the] shell substance [is] pseudopunctate. "Trias".  1, record 13, English, - Thecospiridae

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Les Brachiopodes de la] famille des Thecospiridae [sont] caractérisés essentiellement par la fixation directe, au substratum, de la valve ventrale.  1, record 13, French, - Thecospiridae

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Brachiopods of the] family Dalmanellidae [have a] convexo-concave to plano-convex profile, [a] ventral interarea [that is] curved, apsacline, [a] dorsal interarea [that is] shorter, anacline, [a] delthyrium and [a] notothyrium [that are] open, [a] coarsely fascicostellate to finely costellate ornament very rarely with hollow costellae, [a] variably developed dorsal sulcus at least in young growth stages; [the] ventral muscle field [is] usually umbonal, broadly cordate to bilobed, with [an] adductor scar rarely enclosed by median diductor lobes; [they have a] cardinal process varying from [a] simple ridge to [an] elaborate trilobed myophore with shaft, bases of [the] simple brachiophore [are] variably disposed, fulcral plates [are] commonly developed; [the] dorsal adductor scar [is] quadripartite, [the] mantle canal system [is] commonly lemniscate in both valves. "L. Ord.-L. Carb. "  1, record 14, English, - Dalmanellidae

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Les Brachiopodes de la] famille des Dalmanellidae [ont des] brachiophores simples, en lames, sans plaque fulcrale; [ils ont un] champ musculaire ventral bilobé dans la partie antérieure. Il existe cependant chez les jeunes des plaques fulcrales qui, parfois, persistent chez les adultes.  1, record 14, French, - Dalmanellidae

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Brachiopods of the] Family Strophomenidae [are] concavo-convex to resupinate, rarely geniculate or rugate; [the] apical foramen in adult shells [is] small or(less commonly) closed, [the] shells exceptionally [are] attached by cementation; [a] chilidium [is] well-developed, [a] pseudo-deltidium [is] usually present but exceptionally resorbed in adult shells. [The] teeth [are] simple, dental plates [are] usually present. [The] ventral muscle scar [is] variable in outline; [the] notothyrial platform [is] anchor-shaped, dorsal adductor impressions [are] subcircular to oval transversed by 2 pairs of variable developed ridges(trans-muscle septa) ;[the] mantle canal systems [are] poorly preserved, but [were] probably saccate in both valves of many genera. "M. Ord.-L. Dev. "  1, record 15, English, - strophomenidae

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[les Brachiopodes de la] Famille des Strophomenidae [ont une] carène entourant le champ musculaire [et un] lophophore spirolophe.  1, record 15, French, - Strophomenidae

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Brachiopods of the] subfamily Douvillininae [are] unattached concavo-convex to resupinate, with unequally parvicostellate radial ornamentation. [The] Ventral muscle scar [is] suboval to transversely subquadrate, with well-developed bounding ridges; socket ridges [are] short to obsolescent, [the] dorsal adductor scars [are] variably impressed on [the] floor of [the] brachial valve posterior to [a] pair of narrowly divergent ridges. "U. Sil.-U. Dev. ".  1, record 16, English, - Douvillininae

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Les Brachiopodes de la] sous-famille des Douvillininae [ont des] plaques brachiales à la valve dorsale; en général, un bourrelet entoure les impressions musculaires.  1, record 16, French, - Douvillininae

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Brachiopods of the] subfamily Leptostrophiinae [are] unattached, concavo-convex, biplanate or rarely resupinate, with costellate to unequally parvicostellate radial ornamentation, less commonly broken at irregular intervals to give [a] subspinose(nervate) appearance; rugae [are] impersistent posterolaterally or rarely concentric. [The] ventral muscle scar [is] subtriangular and commonly splayed; [the] dorsal adductor scars [are] impressed on [the] floor of [the] brachial valve with variably developed posterolateral bounding ridges. "L. Sil.-U. Dev. "  1, record 17, English, - Leptostrophiinae

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Les Brachiopodes de la] sous-famille des Leptostrophiinae [sont] piano-convexes ou sub-plano-convexes à l'état adulte; [ils n'ont] pas de plaques brachiales à l'état adulte.  1, record 17, French, - Leptostrophiinae

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Brachiopods of the] subfamily Stropheodontinae [are] unattached, concavo-convex or resupinate, with parvicostellate radial ornamentation commonly modified or even supplanted by secondary plicate or costellate patterns; concentric rugae [are] rare; [the] ventral muscle scar [is] subcircular to subquadrate, dorsal adductor scars [are] commonly impressed on elevated platforms in late stocks. "U. Ord.-U. Dev. "  1, record 18, English, - Stropheodontinae

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Les Brachiopodes de la] sous-famille des Stropheodontinae [sont] concavo-convexes ou sub-concavo-convexes à l'état adulte; [les] plaques brachiales [sont] absentes à la valve dorsale.  1, record 18, French, - Stropheodontinae

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Brachiopods of the] subfamily Leptellinae [are] smooth(?) or delicately unequally parvicostellate, with [a] transversely subtriangular muscle scar including [a] wide adductor scar not enclosed by diductor lobes; socket ridges [are] short, curved, continuous with [a] pair of chilidial plates which are covered posteriorly by [a] chilidium, [the] socket ridges bounding [a] median hollow underlain by [a] thickened notothyrial platform; [the] lophophore platform [is] wide, extending to [the] posterolateral margins, not greatly elevated medianly; [the] ventral mantle canal pattern [is] saccate. "L. Ord. "  1, record 19, English, - Leptellinae

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Les Brachiopodes de la] sous-famille des Leptellinae [ont un] processus cardinal formant une simple crête entre les plaques chilidiales, ou absent; [un] disque viscéral surélevé (...). Ordovicien.  1, record 19, French, - Leptellinae

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Articulate brachiopods of the] family Eoorthidae(...) [have the following characteristics : the] Interareas [are] well developed, [the] hinge lines wide, [the] delthyrium and notothyrium open; [the] teeth [are] strong, commonly supported by receding dental plates, [the] ventral muscle scar [is] variably impressed on [the] valve floor or [the] pseudospondylium; [the] cardinal process and notothyrial platform [are] rudimentary, [the] socket ridges widely divergent, bladelike, making acute angles with [the] hinge line to define [the] sockets; the ventral mantle canal system [is] saccate with [the] proximal parts of [the] "vascula media" divergent. L. Cam.-L. Ord.  1, record 20, English, - Eoorthidae

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Les Brachiopodes articulés membres de la] famille des Eoorthidae (...) [ont un] deltidium et [un] chilidium dans le jeune âge seulement; [ils n'ont] pas de spondylium, mais [des] plaques dentales bien développées, ou un pseudospondylium; [le] processus cardinal [est] peu développé.  1, record 20, French, - Eoorthidae

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Articulate brachiopods belonging to the] family Nisusiidae [have the following characteristics :] interareas and hinge lines well developed, pseudodeltidium strong, foramen apical or anterior to apex through [the] pedicle valve, chilidium variable; teeth [are] rudimentary, dental plates absent, [the] ventral muscle field rarely preserved but apparently with [a] short adductor scar, and long divergent diductor scars; [the] cardinal process [is] absent or rudimentary; [the] notothyrial platform [is] rudimentary, [the] socket ridges [are] bladelike, making [an] acute angle with [the] hinge line to define [the] sockets; dorsal adductor scars, when present, [are] as elongate impressions on either side of [an] indistinct median ridge. L. Cam.-M. Cam.  1, record 21, English, - Nisusiidae

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Les membres de la] famille des Nisusiidae [sont les Brachiopodes articulés qui sont des] formes primitives: [ils ont un] pseudodeltidium d'importance variable, [un] chilidium rudimentaire ou absent; [un] spondylium et [des] crura peu développés; [ils n'ont] souvent pas de processus cardinal, [ou celui-ci est] rudimentaire quand il est présent.  1, record 21, French, - Nisusiidae

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[The] Family Acrotretidae [is made up of] generally small to minute [inarticulate brachiopods] ;[the] pseudointerarea of [the] pedicle valve [is] commonly divided by [an] intertrough or deltoid pseudointerarea; [the] pedicle foramen [is] small, at or somewhat posterior to [the] beak, [and] may be [a] simple perforation or continued internally as some form of tube, [an] apical process [is] present in many species; [the] brachial valve [is] gently convex to gently concave, [a] marginal beak, pseudointerarea well developed to obsolescent, anacline to orthocline, [a] median septum [is] usually present, [and] may be merely a ridge or absent. Muscle scars of [the] pedicle valve include [a] pair of relatively large cardinal scars posterolaterally placed and [a] pair of small apical pits. [The] brachial valve bears [a] pair of large cardinal scars posterolaterally situated and [a] smaller pair of anterior scars close together, near [the] center of [the] valve; another more doubtful scar is medially placed immediately in front of [the] pseudointerarea. [A] ventral mantle canal system typically consists of [a] pair of baculate "vascula lateralia"(more rarely pinnate... ;[the] mantle canal system of [the] brachial valve... commonly comprises [a] pair of basculate "vascula lateralia" that diverge anterolaterally from in front of [the] beak, with [an] additional, poorly impressed pair of "vascula media". Lower Cambrian-Upper Silurian? Lower Devonian.  1, record 22, English, - Acrotretidae

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[La] famille des Acrotretidae [...] [est une] famille unique [de Brachiopodes inarticulés appartenant à la superfamille des Acrotretacea,] avec trois sous-familles : Acrothelinae, [...] Acrotretinae [...], Acrosaccinae [...]  1, record 22, French, - Acrotretidae

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish