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NUCLEAR CRITICALITY RISK [2 records]

Record 1 2011-09-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • Nuclear Physics
  • Nuclear Plant Safety
CONT

Criticality risk varies with the degree of enrichment in235U, the mass of enriched uranium, the presence of a moderator (such as water), and the geometry of the solid uranium mass. Sufficient masses of enriched uranium to create a criticality risk may be present in deposits internal to process equipment, or may accrue from waterborne transport of soluble uranium (either in the process equipment or during improper aqueous decontamination operations).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique nucléaire
  • Sûreté des centrales nucléaires
DEF

Pour toute manipulation de substance radioactive contenant des nucléides fissiles, risque d’excursion critique, avec ses conséquences associées : intense rayonnement neutronique, et dégagement de chaleur.

Spanish

Save record 1

Record 2 2011-06-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • Nuclear Plant Safety
  • Nuclear Fission Reactors
CONT

The International Nuclear Event Scale [INES]. Level 5. Accident with off-site risk. Criteria. External release of radioactive material(in quantities radiologically equivalent to the order of hundreds to thousands of terabecquerels of iodine-131). Such a release would be likely to result in partial implementation of countermeasures covered by emergency plans to lessen the likelihood of health effects. Severe damage to the nuclear facility. This may involve severe damage to a large fraction of the core of a power reactor, a major criticality accident or a major fire or explosion releasing large quantities of radioactivity within the installation.

Key term(s)
  • accident with offsite risk

French

Domaine(s)
  • Sûreté des centrales nucléaires
  • Réacteurs nucléaires de fission
CONT

Structure fondamentale de l’échelle INES [échelle internationale des événements nucléaires]. [Niveau] 5. Accident entraînant un risque hors site. Conséquences à l’extérieur du site. Rejets limités susceptibles d’exiger l’application partielle des contremesures prévues. Conséquences à l’intérieur du site. Endommagement grave du coeur du réacteur ou des barrières radiologiques.

OBS

Les deux cas de niveau 5 sont ceux de Three Mile Island (1979, États-Unis) et Windscale (Grande-Bretagne 1957).

Spanish

Save record 2

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