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Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... Pit Saw, without a supporting frame...  1, record 3, English, - open%20pit%20saw

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

It is fairly certain that before the mid-eighteenth century all Pit Saws consisted of relatively narrow saw webs held taut within a wooden frame. The broad, open Pit Saw, without a supporting frame, came afterwards, made possible by improvements in steel making.  1, record 3, English, - open%20pit%20saw

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pit saw : A large, generally two-man, web saw used for ripping logs, etc. in saw pits.  2, record 3, English, - open%20pit%20saw

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Scie de long [...] Cette grande scie nous est connue sous deux formes. La première version de cet instrument nous présente une lame dentelée tendue à l'intérieur d'un cadre de bois rectangulaire, composé de deux montants et d'une traverse haute et basse. Chaque traverse porte une poignée, afin de permettre à deux hommes de la manœuvrer. [...] Il existe un autre type de scie de long dépouillée, cette fois, du cadre de bois. La lame de celle-ci diffère de la première en ce que sa largeur va s'augmentant d'une extrémité à l'autre. L'extrémité la plus large porte une poignée située perpendiculairement par rapport au plan de la lame. L'autre bout de la scie est garni d'une poignée amovible.  3, record 3, French, - scie%20de%20long%20%C3%A0%20lame%20libre

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

According to Corkhill(London, 1948) this is a pit saw blade operated by one sawyer, the upstroke being operated by a spring device.  3, record 4, English, - mulay%20saw

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

But the 7-ft muley saw webs illustrated in nineteenth-century tool lists were used in a mechanical saw reciprocated by a crank which drove the blade up and down in a guide.  3, record 4, English, - mulay%20saw

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La scie à châsse se compose d'un grand cadre fixe dans lequel peut glisser de haut en bas et de bas en haut un autre cadre au moyen de coulisses. Ce second cadre (mobile) retient, à son centre, une scie verticale qui devra osciller de haut en bas sur une distance de 45 à 50 centimètres, un peu à la façon d'une «jig saw» (scie à chantourner) moderne. Il faut donc qu'un bras mécanique quelconque tire de bas en haut et peu après de haut en bas. La force motrice doit venir de l'arbre de couche.  1, record 4, French, - scie%20%C3%A0%20ch%C3%A2sse

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

C'est une scie assez semblable à une «scie de long» que deux hommes pouvaient manœuvrer de bas en haut. Disposée dans un cadre mobile, cette scie pouvait débiter un billot plus rapidement que manipulée par deux hommes.  1, record 4, French, - scie%20%C3%A0%20ch%C3%A2sse

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A pit sometimes made to facilitate the operation of a two-handed pit saw, one man standing on the work-piece and the other in the pit below.  2, record 5, English, - saw%20pit

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The operation is termed pit-sawing = whip sawing.  2, record 5, English, - saw%20pit

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Trou que l'on aménageait autrefois pour procéder au sciage en long à la main, permettant de mettre en œuvre une scie de long maniée par 2 hommes placés, l'un au-dessus de la pièce à scier, et l'autre en-dessous dans la fosse.  1, record 5, French, - fosse%20de%20sciage

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'ensemble de l'opération est appelé «sciage de long».  1, record 5, French, - fosse%20de%20sciage

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... Pit Saws [inside which thin] or very narrow saw blades are stretched within a frame to prevent distortion of the blade when in use.  1, record 6, English, - framed%20pit%20saw

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The blades are often attached to the top and bottom of the frame by means of an iron ring which is split half way to receive them. They are tensioned by folding wedges below the lower ring, or by means of a thumbscrew at the top.  1, record 6, English, - framed%20pit%20saw

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

pit saw : A large, generally two-man, web saw used for ripping logs, etc. in saw pits.  2, record 6, English, - framed%20pit%20saw

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Scie montée dans un cadre et servant à scier de long.  3, record 6, French, - scie%20de%20long%20%5C%22%C3%A0%20ch%C3%A2ssis%5C%22

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La scie de long comporte une lame droite et relativement rigide. On la manipule à chaque extrémité au moyen d'une poignée ou d'un cadre. Elle est utilisée pour le sciage en long des billes ou des madriers.  4, record 6, French, - scie%20de%20long%20%5C%22%C3%A0%20ch%C3%A2ssis%5C%22

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

De toutes ces scies à châssis, la scie de long était la plus grande; on trouve son usage illustré dans Diderot.  5, record 6, French, - scie%20de%20long%20%5C%22%C3%A0%20ch%C3%A2ssis%5C%22

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pit sawing operations have a long and vibrant history. Well before circular saws were used to saw logs lengthwise, they were processed by placing them over a "pit"-hence the reference to "pit saw. "The saw operates vertically up and down. Operated by two men, a man on top, known as the "Top Dog", guided the saw as it was pulled down in a cutting motion by the "Underdog. "The "Top dog" recovered the saw and the "Underdog" then pulled it down in a cutting motion again. Needless to say the "Underdog" copped a fair bit of sawdust. The top of the saw has a fixed "tiller handle" so the topdog can guide it and cut a straight line. The lower part of the saw has a "block" which is easily detachable with a wedge. The block can be taken off to allow the saw to be threaded through the saw cut.  1, record 7, English, - tiller%20handle

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La scie de long [...] se compose d'un cadre de bois rectangulaire, formé de deux montants, deux bras, et de deux traverses, l'une haute, l'autre basse. [...] Chaque traverse porte une poignée; celle du haut, appelée chevrette, est dans le plan de la monture, alors que celle du bas, le renard, lui est perpendiculaire. La scie est maniée verticalement, par deux [...] hommes.  1, record 7, French, - chevrette

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The shovel shear test provides information about the location where the snow could fail in shear. It is best applied for identification of buried weak layers and does not usually produce useful results in layers close to the snow surface. Soft snow near the surface is better tested with the tilt board and the shear frame or an improvised version of this tilt test.  3, record 8, English, - shovel%20shear%20test

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Shovel Shear Test. This test can be done on a flat or on a slope. With good technique, the location of weak layers, even thin weak layers, can be found. First dig a hole or pit in the snow. The vertical wall of the pit should be straight up and down, and smooth. Make a mark on the uphill portion of one corner of your pit with your shovel blade. This will mark the boundaries of your column, which should be roughly 30 cm by 30 cm or 12 inches square.(A) Now, cut both sides using a snow saw or your ski, all the way to the floor of the pit making sure that the cuts are straight.(B) The back of the column should only be cut as deep as your shovel blade is long, so measure with your shovel blade(C) and then cut the back.(D) Next, insert your shovel, blade down, in the back cut of the column and pull gently and evenly forward being careful not to lever your shovel handle.(E) Examine the shear layer where the block failed.(F) The force applied to the shovel that causes a weak layer to shear from the layers surrounding it can be rated as follows : Very easy... Easy... Moderate... Hard...  4, record 8, English, - shovel%20shear%20test

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 3 CONT

The results of the shovel shear test were inconclusive. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.]  5, record 8, English, - shovel%20shear%20test

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Shovel test: abbreviated form of "shovel shear test." Shovel test may also refer to the shovel tilt test or the shovel compression test.  6, record 8, English, - shovel%20shear%20test

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Observers are cautioned that identification of the weak layers is the primary objective of the shovel shear test. The shovel shear test is not a stability test.  3, record 8, English, - shovel%20shear%20test

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 3 OBS

shovel shear test: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.  6, record 8, English, - shovel%20shear%20test

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le test de la pelle consiste à isoler une tranche du manteau neigeux de base carrée (la largeur est celle de la pelle, soit une trentaine de centimètres en moyenne), puis à la tirer vers soi ou à la charger pour détecter la présence de plan(s) de glissement potentiel(s).  4, record 8, French, - test%20de%20cisaillement%20%C3%A0%20la%20pelle

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Le test de cisaillement à la pelle n'a pas donné de résultats définitifs. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.]  5, record 8, French, - test%20de%20cisaillement%20%C3%A0%20la%20pelle

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Ce test n'est] pas à proprement parler un test de stabilité.  4, record 8, French, - test%20de%20cisaillement%20%C3%A0%20la%20pelle

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Test de la pelle. [...] Il existe plusieurs variantes de ce test sous la même désignation. Méthode Faarlund. [...] Méthode de Munter.  4, record 8, French, - test%20de%20cisaillement%20%C3%A0%20la%20pelle

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 3 OBS

test de cisaillement à la pelle; essai de cisaillement à la pelle : termes uniformisés par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.  6, record 8, French, - test%20de%20cisaillement%20%C3%A0%20la%20pelle

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pit sawing operations have a long and vibrant history. Well before circular saws were used to saw logs lengthwise, they were processed by placing them over a "pit"-hence the reference to "pit saw. "The saw operates vertically up and down. Operated by two men, a man on top, known as the "Top Dog", guided the saw as it was pulled down in a cutting motion by the "Underdog". The "Top dog" recovered the saw and the "Underdog" then pulled it down in a cutting motion again. Needless to say the "Underdog" copped a fair bit of sawdust. The top of the saw has a fixed "tiller handle" so the topdog can guide it and cut a straight line. The lower part of the saw has a "block" which is easily detachable with a wedge. The block can be taken off to allow the saw to be threaded through the saw cut.  1, record 9, English, - underdog

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le chevrier grimpait à pieds déchaux sur le tronc. Contre le froid, contre les échardes et pour conserver le plus d'adhérence, il avait enfilé des chaussettes à la semelle renforcée d'une toile de chanvre. Au sol, le renard lui faisait face, jambes écartées. Il était couvert d'un chapeau à larges bords ou tout simplement d'un vieux sac de toile, pour éviter de recevoir trop de sciure dans les yeux. La grande scie de long était formée d'un cadre en bois d'environ 1,50 m de long sur 1 m de large, munie d'une poignée aux deux transversales, et d'une lame fixée en son milieu, raidie par un tendeur ou des coins. Les dents de la lame étaient crochues, elles ne mordaient le bois qu'en descendant. C'était donc le renard qui sciait; le chevrier remontait la scie, en l'écartant légèrement de l'entaille et la guidait en fixant son regard sur le trait de scie. Il progressait en reculant. Le travail était équitablement réparti entre compagnons, chaque poste avait ses avantages et surtout ses inconvénients.  1, record 9, French, - renard

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pit sawing operations have a long and vibrant history. Well before circular saws were used to saw logs lengthwise, they were processed by placing them over a "pit"-hence the reference to "pit saw. "The saw operates vertically up and down. Operated by two men, a man on top, known as the "Top Dog", guided the saw as it was pulled down in a cutting motion by the "Underdog". The "Top dog" recovered the saw and the "Underdog" then pulled it down in a cutting motion again. Needless to say the "Underdog" copped a fair bit of sawdust. The top of the saw has a fixed "tiller handle" so the topdog can guide it and cut a straight line. The lower part of the saw has a "block" which is easily detachable with a wedge. The block can be taken off to allow the saw to be threaded through the saw cut.  1, record 10, English, - top%20dog

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le chevrier grimpait à pieds déchaux sur le tronc. Contre le froid, contre les échardes et pour conserver le plus d'adhérence, il avait enfilé des chaussettes à la semelle renforcée d'une toile de chanvre. Au sol, le renard lui faisait face, jambes écartées. Il était couvert d'un chapeau à larges bords ou tout simplement d'un vieux sac de toile, pour éviter de recevoir trop de sciure dans les yeux. La grande scie de long était formée d'un cadre en bois d'environ 1,50 m de long sur 1 m de large, munie d'une poignée aux deux transversales, et d'une lame fixée en son milieu, raidie par un tendeur ou des coins. Les dents de la lame étaient crochues, elles ne mordaient le bois qu'en descendant. C'était donc le renard qui sciait; le chevrier remontait la scie, en l'écartant légèrement de l'entaille et la guidait en fixant son regard sur le trait de scie. Il progressait en reculant. Le travail était équitablement réparti entre compagnons, chaque poste avait ses avantages et surtout ses inconvénients.  1, record 10, French, - chevrier

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Pit sawing operations have a long and vibrant history. Well before circular saws were used to saw logs lengthwise, they were processed by placing them over a "pit"-hence the reference to "pit saw. "The saw operates vertically up and down. Operated by two men, a man on top, known as the "Top Dog", guided the saw as it was pulled down in a cutting motion by the "Underdog". The "Top dog" recovered the saw and the "Underdog" then pulled it down in a cutting motion again. Needless to say the "Underdog" copped a fair bit of sawdust. The top of the saw has a fixed "tiller handle" so the topdog can guide it and cut a straight line. The lower part of the saw has a "block" which is easily detachable with a wedge. The block can be taken off to allow the saw to be threaded through the saw cut.  1, record 11, English, - dog

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La scie de long [...] se compose d'un cadre de bois rectangulaire, formé de deux montants, deux bras, et de deux traverses, l'une haute, l'autre basse. [...] Chaque traverse porte une poignée; celle du haut, appelée chevrette, est dans le plan de la monture, alors que celle du bas, le renard, lui est perpendiculaire. La scie est maniée verticalement, par deux [...] hommes.  1, record 11, French, - renard

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Gros coin, avec lequel les scieurs de long élèvent les pièces de bois qu'ils scient.  2, record 12, French, - bondieu

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A long handsaw, usually with a handle at each end that is used chiefly for cutting a log lengthwise into planks and is worked by two men one of whom stands on or above the log and the other below it usually in a pit.  5, record 13, English, - pit%20saw

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 DEF

A large, generally two-man, web saw used for ripping logs, etc. in saw pits.  3, record 13, English, - pit%20saw

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Board Saw. For cutting sheets of construction material. The teeth are in groups and there are starter teeth at the front of the blade.  6, record 13, English, - pit%20saw

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La scie de long est une scie de bûcheron longue (environ 2 m) et robuste, utilisée pour l'équarrissage de la grume et le débitage de celle-ci en planches brutes. Elle est connue sous deux formes, l'une à monture, l'autre à poignée.  2, record 13, French, - scie%20de%20long

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le terme «pit saw» vient de la coutume qui veut que, en Angleterre, les grumes aient été placées au-dessus de grands fossés; la scie était maniée par un homme se tenant sur le bord du fossé (le «top man», ou «top sawer»), et par un ou deux autres hommes se trouvant dans le fossé même (le «pit man» ou «box man»).  2, record 13, French, - scie%20de%20long

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A ham frame saw having a thin web fitted in a stiff bow-shaped frame; commonly used for felling smaller trees and cross-cutting pit props and pulpwood.  1, record 14, English, - bow%20saw

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Scie dont l'armature consiste en un manche courbé en arc, dont les bouts sont fixés aux extrémités de la lame.  3, record 14, French, - scie%20%C3%A0%20archet

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le "Dictionnaire nord-américain de la langue française" de Louis-Alexandre Bélisle inscrit le terme "sciotte" au féminin. Pour sa part, le "Glossaire du parler français au Canada", l'inscrit au masculin. Il pourrait tout simplement s'agir de variantes régionales.  4, record 14, French, - scie%20%C3%A0%20archet

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An axe with one face bevelled and the other flat, for hewing timber.  5, record 15, English, - side%20axe

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Side Axe was one of the main tools of the medieval builder and is still in occasional use, e. g. on the water front, or for squaring-up round timbers in the wood for the saw pit or saw mill. One advantage of the Side Axe over the Saw is its ability to follow the angles or taper of the timber, thus avoiding waste and retaining full strength.  2, record 15, English, - side%20axe

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

"Squaring axe" should not be confused with a particular type of axe also called "squaring axe" or "blocking axe". See the "Dictionary of Tools" by R.A. Salaman.  6, record 15, English, - side%20axe

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

According to "Terminology of Forest Science, Technology Practice and Products (FOFOR), "broad axe" is used in Australia and in New Zealand.  6, record 15, English, - side%20axe

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Hache à taillant unique et large, employée pour l'équarrissage.  1, record 15, French, - hache%20%C3%A0%20%C3%A9quarrir

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La "doloire" ou "épaule de mouton" est un type particulier de hache à équarrir. Ces termes ne sont donc pas recommandés pour la traduction de "side axe" ou "broad axe".  2, record 15, French, - hache%20%C3%A0%20%C3%A9quarrir

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

According to the "Dictionary of Tools" by R.A. Salaman, this is the name given to the narrow blades of open pit saws, used for curved sawing, e.g. ship timbers, large wheel felloes, and plough and cart shafts.  2, record 16, English, - felloe%20saw

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

They taper from about 3 1/2 in at the heel to 1 1/2 in at the toe and are usually 5 ft in length.  1, record 16, English, - felloe%20saw

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pit saw teeth are raked one way to cut only on the down stroke, and are spaced at 5/8-1 in. They are called gullet or briar teeth owing to the hollow cut away in front of each tooth; this, it is said, allows more room for the sawdust.  2, record 17, English, - gullet%20teeth

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[La scie de long] porte beaucoup de voie : ses dents dites [en gorge] gullet teeth; briar teeth sont espacées et profondes, crochues et inclinées, et ne travaillent que dans un sens, soit lorsqu'on tire la scie vers le bas (...)  2, record 17, French, - dents%20en%20gorge

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish