TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Overt video surveillance is a type of surveillance where there is no attempt to hide the fact that you are video recording something. Generally, the camera may be exposed to the point that it is very easy to detect.  2, record 1, English, - overt%20video%20surveillance

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 PHR

decide an issue of fact, decide an issue of law, decide a point of fact, decide a point of law, determine a question of fact, determine a question of law  5, record 2, English, - decide%20an%20issue

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 PHR

statuer sur un point de droit, statuer sur un point de fait, statuer sur une question de droit, statuer sur une question de fait, trancher un point de droit, trancher un point de fait, trancher une question de droit, trancher une question de fait  5, record 2, French, - trancher%20une%20question

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... environmental assets, i.e. water resources, land resources, forest resources, fish resources, wild life, non renewable resources, man-made stock (historical sites, ...) ...  3, record 3, English, - environmental%20assets

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The fact that major environmental(or natural) resources--air and water--are, from the point of view of the individual, public goods means, in fact, that those enterprises which avoid the frequently heavy costs of fighting pollution are more economically competitive than those which are environment conscious.  2, record 3, English, - environmental%20assets

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

"Environmental resources" is often associated with "natural resources" and therefore has a more restricted sense. "Environmental assets" includes man-made stock.  4, record 3, English, - environmental%20assets

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

environmental assets: term extracted from the “Glossaire de l’environnement” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  4, record 3, English, - environmental%20assets

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

stocks environnement : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’environnement» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  4, record 3, French, - patrimoine%20naturel

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Recursos naturales constituídos por la atmósfera, aguas interiores, superficiales y subterráneas, estuarios, mar territorial, suelo, subsuelo, elementos de la biosfera, como fauna y flora [es decir] los elementos naturales bióticos y abióticos de que dispone el ser humano, para satisfacer sus necesidades económicas, sociales y culturales.  3, record 3, Spanish, - recursos%20ambientales

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Once again, the environmental groups appearing before the Committee were opposed to the two recommendations, claiming that they were in fact not necessary. The joint CELA/CIELAP submission to the Committee argued that the criticism that MMLERs are not "scientifically based" was simply out of place and did not reflect the nature of how the regulations were developed and administered. The regulations remain technically defensible since they are based on what is technologically feasible, and not what is required from an ecological point of view. In actual fact, the problem is not the existence of poor science, but rather that the MMLERs are not tough enough to protect local ecosystems.(19) The joint brief went on to note that as a general principle, the natural background levels of metals in waters and sediments are not germane to the notion of technology-based standards.  2, record 4, English, - technology%2Dbased%20standard

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

technology-based standard: term extracted from the “Glossaire de l’environnement” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  3, record 4, English, - technology%2Dbased%20standard

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Norme établie en fonction des progrès techniques récents accomplis dans un secteur formé de la lutte antipollution.  3, record 4, French, - norme%20fond%C3%A9e%20sur%20la%20technologie

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans ce cas-là aussi, les représentants des groupes environnementaux qui ont comparu devant le Comité ont dit s'opposer aux deux recommandations, en déclarant qu'elles étaient inutiles. Les auteurs du mémoire conjoint que l'ACDE et l'ICDPE ont fait parvenir au Comité soutiennent en effet que la critique de ceux qui prétendent que le RELMM n'est pas scientifique n'est pas fondée, car elle ne tient pas compte de sa démarche d'élaboration, ni de la manière de l'appliquer. Le RELMM se défend du point de vue technique puisqu'il est basé sur ce que la technologie rend possible et non sur ce qu'il faudrait du point de vue écologique. En réalité, le problème n'est pas la piètre valeur scientifique des données, mais plutôt le fait que le RELMM n'est pas assez strict pour protéger les écosystèmes locaux. Les auteurs n'ont pas manqué de souligner que, en règle générale, les niveaux naturels ambiants de métaux dans l'eau et les sédiments n'ont rien à voir avec l'idée de normes fondées sur la technologie.  1, record 4, French, - norme%20fond%C3%A9e%20sur%20la%20technologie

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

norme d'inspiration technique : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’environnement» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  3, record 4, French, - norme%20fond%C3%A9e%20sur%20la%20technologie

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... The doctrines of res judicata and collateral estoppel are applicable to administrative agencies; these doctrines operate to preclude the relitigation of a point of law or fact that was at issue in a former action between the same parties and which have been passed upon by a court of competent jurisdiction.  2, record 5, English, - collateral%20estoppel

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Diafiltration is an additional step in milk processing that is sometimes done to achieve a higher protein concentration. For many milk protein concentrates, the process begins and ends with ultrafiltration-without the addition of any diluent. Due to the fact that the milk protein concentrate is so thick after undergoing ultrafiltration, it has to be diluted to achieve a further level of protein concentration. At which point it is filtered a second time. This second filtration after the retentate of the ultrafiltration has been diluted is known as diafiltration.  1, record 6, English, - diafiltered%20milk

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Filtré à plusieurs reprises, le lait diafiltré est un produit hyperprotéiné qui remplace de plus en plus le lait frais dans la fabrication de fromage et de yogourt.  1, record 6, French, - lait%20diafiltr%C3%A9

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An "issue" is a disputed point or question to which parties to an action have narrowed their several allegations and upon which they are desirous of obtaining either decision of court on question of law or of court or jury on question of fact.... A single, certain, and material point, deduced by the allegations and pleadings of the parties, which is affirmed on the one side and denied on the other.(Black's, p. 745)  2, record 7, English, - issue

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

question en litige; point en litige : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, record 7, French, - question%20en%20litige

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Substantial damage to the state of mind of a person suffered through the means of one or more of the senses for which a plaintiff can have a cause of action in tort as physical injury.  2, record 8, English, - nervous%20shock

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A plaintiff in an action of negligence cannot recover damages for a "shock" however grievous, which was no more than an immediate emotional response to a distressing experience, sudden, severe, and saddening. It is, however, today a known medical fact that severe emotional distress can be the starting point of a lasting disorder of mind or body, some form of psycho-neurosis or a psychosomatic illness. For that... damages may be had.  3, record 8, English, - nervous%20shock

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The phrase "nervous shock" ... is no longer in favour; it is now preferable to refer to this kind of loss as "psychiatric damage", which includes all relevant forms of mental illness, neurosis and personality change.  3, record 8, English, - nervous%20shock

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La jurisprudence québécoise à plusieurs reprises s'est posé le problème de l'indemnisation du choc nerveux. Peut-on par exemple compenser un conjoint ou un parent pour le choc nerveux qu'il subit à la suite de la vue ou de l'annonce de l'accident subi par quelqu'un de sa famille? Les décisions à cet égard semblent partagées.  2, record 8, French, - choc%20nerveux

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A point located in Ontario.  2, record 9, English, - Point%20Pelee

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

This point is sometimes erroneously referred to as "Pelee Point. "Ontario allows the alternate name(translation of the specific) on the fact that, in English, "Pelee" is considered as the name of a person, while in French, "Pelée" refers to a point without vegetation, a "pointe pelée. "  2, record 9, English, - Point%20Pelee

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Coordinates: 41º 54’ 29’’ N, 82º 30’ 32’’ W (Ontario).  3, record 9, English, - Point%20Pelee

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Pointe située en Ontario.  2, record 9, French, - pointe%20Pel%C3%A9e

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

L'Ontario admet ce nom alternatif (traduction du spécifique) du fait que l'on considère, en anglais «Pelee» comme étant le nom d'une personne, et en français, «Pelée» comme le descriptif d'une pointe sans végétation, une «pointe pelée».  3, record 9, French, - pointe%20Pel%C3%A9e

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Coordonnées : 41º 54' 29'' N, 82º 30' 32'' O (Ontario).  4, record 9, French, - pointe%20Pel%C3%A9e

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 4 OBS

Usage de la majuscule : dans une liste, sur une carte géographique, ou sur un panneau de signalisation, le générique porte la majuscule; dans un texte suivi en français, la minuscule au générique est de rigueur.  3, record 9, French, - pointe%20Pel%C3%A9e

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A range of values below and above the point estimate that has a given probability of including the true value of a given parameter, such as a treatment effect.  3, record 10, English, - confidence%20interval

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The confidence interval is the area of uncertainty for the estimating of a parameter. The use of this interval reflects the fact that a study provides one estimate of a parameter, out of the many estimates that would be possible if the study were repeated several times. If an X% CI is constructed for each repetition, X% of the intervals will contain the true value of the parameter. Investigators typically use confidence intervals of 90%, 95% or 99%. Thus, a 95% confidence interval indicates that there is a 95% probability that the confidence interval calculated from a particular study includes the true value of the parameter. If the interval includes a null value(a difference in means of 0, an odds ratio or a relative risk of 1, or a correlation coefficient of 0, for example), the null hypothesis cannot be rejected. A narrow confidence interval around a point estimate indicates a more precise estimate than a wide confidence interval.  3, record 10, English, - confidence%20interval

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The validity of the confidence interval depends upon knowledge of the underlying distribution of the population or assumptions about behavior of the sampling distribution.  4, record 10, English, - confidence%20interval

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 3 OBS

confidence interval; CI: term, abbreviation and definition standardized by the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Glossary English Editorial Board and the Translation Bureau.  5, record 10, English, - confidence%20interval

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Étendue des valeurs situées au-dessus et au-dessous de l’estimation ponctuelle ayant une probabilité donnée de comprendre la véritable valeur d’un paramètre tel que l’effet d’un traitement.  3, record 10, French, - intervalle%20de%20confiance

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L’intervalle de confiance représente la zone d’incertitude quant à l’estimation d’un paramètre. L’utilisation de cet intervalle tient compte du fait qu’une étude fournit une estimation d’un paramètre parmi les nombreuses estimations qui seraient possibles si l’étude était répétée plusieurs fois. Si un IC à X % est construit pour chacune des répétitions, X % des intervalles contiendront la vraie valeur du paramètre. Les chercheurs utilisent habituellement des intervalles de confiance à 90, 95 ou 99 %. Ainsi, un intervalle de confiance à 95 % indique une probabilité de 95 % que l’intervalle de confiance calculé à partir d’une étude donnée contienne la vraie valeur du paramètre. Si l’intervalle comprend une valeur nulle (une différence de moyennes de 0, un rapport des cotes ou un risque relatif de 1, un coefficient de corrélation de 0, par exemple), l’hypothèse nulle ne peut être rejetée. Un intervalle de confiance étroit autour de l'estimation ponctuelle indique une estimation plus précise qu'un intervalle de confiance large.  3, record 10, French, - intervalle%20de%20confiance

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

intervalle de confiance; IC : terme, abréviation et définition normalisés par l'Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux (INESSS) et le Bureau de la traduction.  4, record 10, French, - intervalle%20de%20confiance

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Intervalo que contiene el valor real con una probabilidad dada; es una función de las características estadísticas de la muestra.  1, record 10, Spanish, - intervalo%20de%20confianza

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Direct proof of the fact or point in issue; evidence which, if believed, establishes the truth or falsehood of a fact in issue and does not arise from any presumption.(Black's, p. 1046)  1, record 11, English, - positive%20evidence

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

preuve positive : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 11, French, - preuve%20positive

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The process of taking evidence to determine the truth about a disputed point of fact.  2, record 12, English, - fact%2Dfinding

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Any privilege that permits a private individual to withhold information from the courts is an impediment to the fact-finding process. (Fed./Prov. Task Force, p. 427)  3, record 12, English, - fact%2Dfinding

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 CONT

As a general principle, rules that allow witnesses to withhold information from the courts should be restricted to a minimum in order that the courts may perform their fact-finding function as effectively as possible. (Fed./Prov. Task Force, p. 438)  3, record 12, English, - fact%2Dfinding

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

recherche des faits; appréciation des faits; enquête : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 12, French, - recherche%20des%20faits

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The duty of a party to proceed with evidence at the beginning, or at any subsequent stage, of the trial, in order to make or meet a prima facie case. (Ballentine’s)  1, record 13, English, - burden%20of%20adducing%20evidence

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The burden of producing evidence is usually cast first on the party who has pleaded the existence of the disputed fact; when the party has discharged the burden it may shift to the opponent. Which party bears the burden at any point in the proceedings and whether he has satisfied it by introducing"... sufficient evidence to support a finding that the fact exists" are entirely for the judge to determine.(Fed./Prov. Task Force, p. 19)  1, record 13, English, - burden%20of%20adducing%20evidence

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

charge de présentation; fardeau de présentation : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 13, French, - charge%20de%20pr%C3%A9sentation

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Period of PURPLE Crying® is the phrase used to describe the point in a baby's life when they cry more than any other time. This period of increased crying is often described as colic, but there have been many misunderstandings about what “colic” really is. The Period of PURPLE Crying® is a new way to help parents understand this time in their baby's life, which is a normal part of every infant's development. It is confusing and concerning to be told your baby “has colic” because it sounds like it is an illness or a condition that is abnormal. When the baby is given colic medicine it reinforces the idea that there is something wrong with the baby when in fact the baby is going through a very normal developmental phase. That is why we prefer to refer to this time as the Period of PURPLE Crying®. No, it is not because the baby turns purple when he/she cries but provides a meaningful and memorable way to describe what parents and their babies are going through. The Period of PURPLE Crying® begins at about 2 weeks of age and continues until about 3-4 months.  2, record 14, English, - Period%20of%20PURPLE%20Crying%C2%AE

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The letters in PURPLE stand for P (Peak of crying); U (Unexpected); R (Resists soothing); P (Pain-like face); L (Long lasting); E (Evening).  2, record 14, English, - Period%20of%20PURPLE%20Crying%C2%AE

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

D’un point de vue positif, l’évaluation croissante de la relation entre le syndrome du bébé secoué et le nourrisson qui pleure indique qu’on pourrait réduire ce syndrome en offrant tôt aux nouveaux parents des programmes éducatifs universels. L’objectif serait de les aider à comprendre que ces pleurs sont normaux, peuvent être frustrantes, et que réagir en secouant le bébé cause des blessures graves au cerveau et peut même entraîner la mort. À cette fin, le National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome a publié des brochures et des DVD/vidéos d’intervention intitulés The Period of PURPLE Crying® afin d’encourager la plus grande diffusion possible auprès des services de santé et du grand public. Dans le mot PURPLE, chaque lettre renvoie à chacune des six caractéristiques des pleurs normaux typiques des premiers mois de la vie (P pour pleurs d’intensité maximale; U pour le moment inattendu auquel se produit l’accès prolongé de pleurs; R pour résistance à l’apaisement; P pour visage qui semble souffrir même si le nourrisson ne souffre pas; L pour long accès de pleurs, et E pour pleurs concentrés dans la soirée).  2, record 14, French, - Period%20of%20PURPLE%20Crying%C2%AE

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 OBS

période de pleurs extrêmes et inconsolables : terme retenu par le réseau Entraide Traduction Santé.  3, record 14, French, - Period%20of%20PURPLE%20Crying%C2%AE

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Le réseau Entraide Traduction Santé propose de traduire, lorsque nécessaire, le terme Period of PURPLE Crying® par «période de pleurs extrêmes et inconsolables».  3, record 14, French, - Period%20of%20PURPLE%20Crying%C2%AE

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The oxyrapid unit. A compact, complete-mixing plant.... the orthodox system... suffers from the following disadvantages;... Sudden overloading of the bacterial flora at the top of the tank, due to the fact that the sludge loses its oxygen in the secondary settling tank and that all the polluting matter enters at the same point.  1, record 15, English, - bacterial%20flora

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'oxyrapid. Appareil compact à mélange intégral. [...] Celui-ci présente les inconvénients suivants; [...] Surcharge brutale de la flore bactérienne en tête du bassin, due au fait que, [...] dans le décanteur secondaire les boues se sont désoxygénées et [...] toute la masse polluante est introduite en un seul point.  1, record 15, French, - flore%20bact%C3%A9rienne

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] las formas de corrosión pueden ser muy diversas. [...] Entre [ellas] se encuentran las condiciones del flujo, la composición de los ductos y las características biológicas fisicoquímicas del agua. Cabe señalar que la presencia en el agua de determinadas floras bacterianas (bacterias sulfato-reductoras y ferrobacterias) incide directamente en el aumento de la corrosión del sistema.  1, record 15, Spanish, - flora%20bacteriana

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Some future satellite programs will employ the gravity gradient orientation or stabilization system, which makes use of the fact that... a long body in orbit will always point toward the center of the Earth.  1, record 16, English, - gravity%20gradient

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le gradient de gravité a pour origine l'attraction différentielle qui s'exerce sur des masses situées à des distances différentes du centre de la Terre.  2, record 16, French, - gradient%20de%20gravit%C3%A9

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Solar distillation. The solar distillation process makes use of the fact that water will evaporate from a free surface at a temperature below its boiling point. A simple solar still [acts as a greenhouse]. The sun's rays pass through a sloping glass cover... The solar energy is absorbed by a black basin in the bottom of the still,... the heated water evaporates..., rises to the top... and condenses. The condensate-fresh water-trickles down... to a collecting trough.  2, record 17, English, - solar%20distillation

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il est facile de penser à se servir, pour la distillation, [...] d'énergie solaire. On opère à l'aide de bacs à fond noirci, où l'on maintient une faible épaisseur d'eau de mer, au-dessus desquels on crée un effet de serre en disposant des châssis vitrés inclinés; l'eau s'évapore, se condense sur la paroi en verre et est recueillie par une goulotte. [En parlant d'un autre procédé :] le coût arriverait ainsi à être de l'ordre de grandeur de celui de la distillation solaire.  1, record 17, French, - distillation%20solaire

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The description of history with changes in a few key facts or events as the basis for speculation of a different outcome.  4, record 18, English, - counterfactual%20history

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Virtual history, also referred to as counterfactual history, is a form of history which attempts to answer "what if" questions. It seeks to explore history and historical processes from the point of view of extrapolating a position in which certain key historical events did not happen or had an outcome which was different to that which did in fact occur. Most historians regard counterfactual history as sometimes entertaining, but not meeting the standards of mainstream historical research due to its speculative nature.  5, record 18, English, - counterfactual%20history

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Favorite] subjects for counterfactual history conjecture include: ... "What if the Confederacy won the Civil War?" ... What if the Kaiser’s Germany won World War I?" ...  3, record 18, English, - counterfactual%20history

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

D'abord, comment désigne-t-on cet exercice qui consiste à faire l'histoire avec des «si» ? Les Anglais disent What if? Il y a d'ailleurs des collections entières de livres anglais qui portent ce titre. C'est un titre prosaïque qui diminue sans doute un peu le sujet. On peut, en termes plus abstraits, parler d'histoire contrefactuelle ou virtuelle. Un de nos compatriotes du XIXe siècle, Charles Renouvier, avait inventé un substantif féminin, l'uchronie, construit à partir du grec sur le modèle d'utopie, pour désigner l'histoire faite en pensée, telle qu'elle aurait pu être et qu'elle n'a pas été.  1, record 18, French, - histoire%20contrefactuelle

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The first step of this program involved showing a modern day horse foot containing two long bones which come to a point and lay flat against the bigger bone... In this case, these two bones were said to be all that is left of what used to be two additional digits or toes. Today, the horse has only one digit; its hoof. The ranger went on to explain that the further one goes back in time the more digits the horse had, in fact, at one time a creature with 3 toes in back and 4 toes in front existed.  3, record 19, English, - digit

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Chez le cheval, seul le doigt III est développé, le doigt inclut les trois phalanges, et correspond ainsi au paturon, à la couronne et au sabot. La NAV désigne différemment les doigts des antérieurs (Digiti manus) et ceux des postérieurs (Digiti pedis).  1, record 19, French, - doigt

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Meridian convergency error is caused... by the fact that lines of longitude(meridians) converge as they approach the poles. If the spin axis of a D. G. [directional gyro] is aligned with a meridian at one point on the earth's surface and then flown to a different location in any direction other than due north or south, it will remain aligned with the original meridian because of it's tendency to remain in one orientation in space. Due to the convergency of the meridians, the gyro will not be aligned with the destination meridian. The angle between the D. G. spin axis and the destination meridian is the convergency error.  1, record 21, English, - destination%20meridian

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] l'erreur de convergence des méridiens est produite par le fait que les lignes de longitude (méridiens) convergent en s'approchant des pôles. En supposant que l'axe de rotation d'un gyroscope directionnel (D.G.) soit aligné sur un méridien en un point donné de la terre, et puis qu'on le transporte en un endroit différent autre que vers le nord ou le sud, l'axe de ce dernier restera aligné sur le méridien d'origine, vue sa propriété de demeurer fixe dans l'espace. Donc on peut voir qu'à cause de la convergence des méridiens, un gyroscope ne peut demeurer aligné sur le méridien de destination. L'angle formé entre l'axe de rotation du gyroscope (D.G.) et le méridien de destination est appelé «erreur de convergence des méridiens».  1, record 21, French, - m%C3%A9ridien%20de%20destination

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The phenomenon where the distance between meridians (lines of longitude) decreases as they near the pole.  5, record 22, English, - convergence

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Meridian convergency error is caused... by the fact that lines of longitude(meridians) converge as they approach the poles. If the spin axis of a D. G. [directional gyro] is aligned with a meridian at one point on the earth's surface and then flown to a different location in any direction other than due north or south, it will remain aligned with the original meridian because of it's tendency to remain in one orientation in space. Due to the convergency of the meridians, the gyro will not be aligned with the destination meridian. The angle between the D. G. spin axis and the destination meridian is the convergency error.  6, record 22, English, - convergence

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] l'erreur de convergence des méridiens est produite par le fait que les lignes de longitude (méridiens) convergent en s'approchant des pôles. En supposant que l'axe de rotation d'un gyroscope directionnel (D.G.) soit aligné sur un méridien en un point donné de la terre, et puis qu'on le transporte en un endroit différent autre que vers le nord ou le sud, l'axe de ce dernier restera aligné sur le méridien d'origine, vue sa propriété de demeurer fixe dans l'espace. Donc on peut voir qu'à cause de la convergence des méridiens, un gyroscope ne peut demeurer aligné sur le méridien de destination. L'angle formé entre l'axe de rotation du gyroscope (D.G.) et le méridien de destination est appelé «erreur de convergence des méridiens».  2, record 22, French, - convergence%20des%20m%C3%A9ridiens

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 CONT

On utilise une représentation plane de la terre ou projection afin : de représenter sur une surface plane une partie d'un modèle ellipsoïdal de la surface de la terre. [...] Dans la plupart des projections, le Nord de la projection n'indique pas la direction du pôle Nord géographique. On introduit alors la notion de convergence des méridiens définie comme suit : la convergence des méridiens en un point est le gisement de l'image (dans la projection) du méridien qui passe par ce point.  3, record 22, French, - convergence%20des%20m%C3%A9ridiens

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... there is an urgent need for a legally-constituted law-making body i.e. a World Parliament, for enacting enforceable International Laws that are applicable on all the countries and the peoples of the world.  2, record 23, English, - enforceable%20international%20law

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The broad, binding effect of customary international law, coupled with the reality that such law can be created by the simple repetition of language at various UN meetings, raises a vital question :"At what point does a ’nonbinding agreement’ turn into an international agreement, a promise into a unilateral act, fact into custom?"(12) While no precise answer is possible, a general rule can be stated : previously non-binding norms become enforceable international law when(in the capacious words of one scholar) they have been repeated "with sufficient frequency.  3, record 23, English, - enforceable%20international%20law

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

droit positif : ensemble des règles de droit en vigueur dans un pays à un moment donné (opposé à droit naturel).  2, record 23, French, - droit%20international%20positif

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[La] Déclaration sur les Règles de droit international humanitaire relatives à la conduite des hostilités dans les conflits armés non internationaux [...] présente les principes et règles que l'Institut international de droit humanitaire, réuni à Taormina le 7 avril 1990, a identifiés en tant que droit international positif ou droit international en formation.  3, record 23, French, - droit%20international%20positif

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

[L'expression anglaise «enforceable international law» peut aussi se traduire par l'expression explicative suivante :] règles de droit international assorties de moyens d'en assurer l'application.  4, record 23, French, - droit%20international%20positif

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Normas de derecho internacional con mecanismo de aplicación.  1, record 23, Spanish, - derecho%20internacional%20positivo

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Radiant frosts occur when large amounts of clear, dry air moves into an area and there is almost no cloud cover at night. During these times, the plants, soil, and other objects which are warmer than the very cold night sky will "radiate" their own heat back to space and become progressively colder. In fact, the plants cool(by radiating their heat) themselves to the point that they can cause their own damage. The plant tissues which are directly exposed to the sky become the coldest. These radiation losses can cause the buds, blossoms, twigs, leaves, etc. to become 1-2°C colder than the surrounding air which radiates very little of its heat.... The amount of heat lost to wind drift is often at least equal to radiative heat losses that are in the range of 10 to 30 watts per square meter(W/m²) or more. Consequently, the replacement heat must be greater than the sum of both radiative and advective heat losses during "successful" frost protection activities...  1, record 24, English, - radiative%20heat%20loss

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les techniques de lutte curative ou de lutte active consistent à modifier le bilan énergétique au moment du gel, soit en limitant les pertes de chaleurs par rayonnement, soit en les compensant par des apports de chaleur. Ces techniques de lutte peuvent se réaliser de différentes manières : - Par écrans solides placés au-dessus des cultures fragiles pour leur envoyer un rayonnement sensiblement égal à celui qu'elles émettent.  1, record 24, French, - perte%20de%20chaleur%20par%20rayonnement

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Meridian convergency error is caused... by the fact that lines of longitude(meridians) converge as they approach the poles. If the spin axis of a D. G. [directional gyro] is aligned with a meridian at one point on the earth's surface and then flown to a different location in any direction other than due north or south, it will remain aligned with the original meridian because of it's tendency to remain in one orientation in space. Due to the convergency of the meridians, the gyro will not be aligned with the destination meridian. The angle between the D. G. spin axis and the destination meridian is the convergency error.  1, record 25, English, - meridian%20convergency%20error

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

See record "convergency of the meridians."  2, record 25, English, - meridian%20convergency%20error

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] l'erreur de convergence des méridiens est produite par le fait que les lignes de longitude (méridiens) convergent en s'approchant des pôles. En supposant que l'axe de rotation d'un gyroscope directionnel (D.G.) soit aligné sur un méridien en un point donné de la terre, et puis qu'on le transporte en un endroit différent autre que vers le nord ou le sud, l'axe de ce dernier restera aligné sur le méridien d'origine, vue sa propriété de demeurer fixe dans l'espace. Donc on peut voir qu'à cause de la convergence des méridiens, un gyroscope ne peut demeurer aligné sur le méridien de destination. L'angle formé entre l'axe de rotation du gyroscope (D.G.) et le méridien de destination est appelé «erreur de convergence des méridiens».  2, record 25, French, - erreur%20due%20%C3%A0%20la%20convergence%20des%20m%C3%A9ridiens

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On utilise une représentation plane de la terre ou projection afin : de représenter sur une surface plane une partie d'un modèle ellipsoïdal de la surface de la terre. [...] Dans la plupart des projections, le Nord de la projection n'indique pas la direction du pôle Nord géographique. On introduit alors la notion de convergence des méridiens définie comme suit : la convergence des méridiens en un point est le gisement de l'image (dans la projection) du méridien qui passe par ce point.  3, record 25, French, - erreur%20due%20%C3%A0%20la%20convergence%20des%20m%C3%A9ridiens

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Voir la fiche «convergence des méridiens».  4, record 25, French, - erreur%20due%20%C3%A0%20la%20convergence%20des%20m%C3%A9ridiens

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

As the ice cream is drawn with about half of its water frozen, particulate matter such as fruits, nuts, candy, cookies, or whatever you like, is added to the semi-frozen slurry which has a consistency similar to soft-serve ice cream. In fact, almost the only thing which differentiates hard frozen ice cream from soft-serve, is the fact that soft serve is drawn into cones at this point in the process rather than into packages for subsequent hardening.  4, record 26, English, - soft%2Dserve%20ice%20cream

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Soft serve ice cream: frozen dairy product mixes e.g. includes soft serve yogurt, milk shake mix.  2, record 26, English, - soft%2Dserve%20ice%20cream

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Crème glacée consommée directement au sortir d'un appareil congélateur, sans durcissement subséquent.  1, record 26, French, - cr%C3%A8me%20glac%C3%A9e%20molle

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

glace à l'italienne : Terme utilisé le plus souvent en Europe.  2, record 26, French, - cr%C3%A8me%20glac%C3%A9e%20molle

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Functions which determine dynamical systems are also called mappings, or maps, for short. This terminology connotes the geometric process of taking one point to another. As much of the sequel will in fact be geometric, we will use all of these terms synonymously.  2, record 27, English, - mapping

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Toute fonction ou transformation qui exprime une correspondance géométrique sous forme de graphe.  2, record 27, French, - mappage

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le terme «mappage» est emprunté à l'infographie. Les mathématiciens lui préfèrent «applications».  2, record 27, French, - mappage

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 PHR

obtenir le mappage.  2, record 27, French, - mappage

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 2 PHR

mappage affine, chaotique, circulaire, continu, contractant, dilatant, holomorphe, itératif, linéaire, loxodromique, ouvert, quadratique, standard, topologiquement transitif.  2, record 27, French, - mappage

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 3 PHR

mappage de Halley, de Hénon, en fer à cheval.  2, record 27, French, - mappage

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The X-ray diffraction results, in fact, point to a new form of structural disorder called phason disorder, which is unique to quasicrystals. If one compares a Penrose tiling or a quasiperiodic sequence with a conventional crystal, one sees that the quasiperiodic structures have the ability to generate a new form of disorder during growth : a defect can arise when the wrong kind of unit cell, or line segment, falls in a particular place. A few isolated mistakes will not affect the diffraction properties of an entire sample, but if many such mistakes plague a sample, they will disturb the diffraction patterns.  1, record 28, English, - phason%20disorder

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En fait, les résultats de la diffraction des rayons X signalent une nouvelle forme de désordre structural nommé désordre de phase, caractéristique des quasi-cristaux. Quand on compare un pavage de Penrose ou une suite quasi périodique à un cristal classique, on observe que les structures quasi périodiques ont la capacité d'engendrer un nouveau type de désordre pendant leur croissance. Un défaut peut naître lorsqu'une cellule unité (ou un segment) de type inadéquat vient se placer dans un endroit particulier. Quelques erreurs isolées n'affecteront pas les propriétés diffractives de l'échantillon, mais si des erreurs de cette sorte se multiplient, elles perturberont les figures de diffraction.  1, record 28, French, - d%C3%A9sordre%20de%20phase

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

in statu quo is a latinism properly equivalent to "in statu quo ante"(=in the same condition as previously. Some writers have quite understandably assumed that there was a distinction between "in statu quo" and "in statu quo ante", and have used the former merely to mean "in the status quo"; in the same condition as now exists. Here the phrase is correctly used :"The fact that the parties cannot be put ’in statu quo’ precisely as to the subject matter of the contract will not preclude a decree for rescission"./"Depriving one of the benefit of a contract that he supposes he has made leaves everything ’in statu quo’, rather than imposing a liability to which no limit can be placed". The foregoing discussion is largely beside the point, however, inasmuch as the English renditions of the phrase are preferable to the Latinate. One should write in the status quo(present condition) or "in the status quo ante"(previous condition).  2, record 30, English, - in%20statu%20quo

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

voir Harrap's au mot tel  1, record 30, French, - tel%20quel

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

issue :... a single certain point of fact or law disputed... between parties to a litigation...  2, record 31, English, - deciding%20issue

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

question : problème que les parties (demandeur ou défendeur) demandent au juge de résoudre  2, record 31, French, - question%20d%C3%A9cisive

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 2 OBS

déterminant : Qui décide d'une chose ou d'une action.  3, record 31, French, - question%20d%C3%A9cisive

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Scrap is a fact of life in plastics processing plants. Runners and sprues, reject molded parts, and trim from film extrusion and thermoforming operations, represent significant amounts of material that must be dealt with by the manufacturer. Whether the scrap is to be disposed or reused, it is usually put through a size reduction process for easier handling. In the case of thermoplastics, scrap is easily reused by reducing its size to the point where it can be fed into processing equipment in the same manner as virgin resin.  5, record 32, English, - waste

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les avantages par rapport à l'extrusion-soufflage sont les suivants : absence de déchets, tolérances extrêmement précises à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur du goulot [...]  4, record 32, French, - chute

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The copper coloured spots that sometimes appear on gold coins. These spots reflect the fact that the gold alloy(gold, copper) is not completely homogenous at the point where the spot is located and that a concentration of copper("bleeding") has surfaced.  1, record 33, English, - copper%20bleeding

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

PMD arises from the fact that the so-called "single-mode" fibres are essentially bi-modal from a polarization point of view. The delay time between these two modes over propagation causes pulse broadening and intersymbol interference, resulting in system performance degradations.  1, record 34, English, - polarization%20mode%20dispersion

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 2 OBS

fiber optics  3, record 34, English, - polarization%20mode%20dispersion

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

More specifically, I conjecture that a drop of water falling at random is almost certain to fall within a cup. If this conjecture is correct, the cups’ surfaces are a wild extrapolate of the terraced fields in southeast Asia. I call them Devil' s terraces. The points which fail to fall within cups form the cups’ cumulative coastline, and add up to a ramified net, a random form of the Sierpinski gasket. If I am wrong and the cups’ cumulative coastline is in fact of positive rather than zero area, my fallback conjecture is that there is a cup arbitrarily close to every point that does not lie in a cup.  1, record 35, English, - devil%26rsquo%3Bs%20terrace

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Version de l'escalier cantorien, dont les plateaux correspondent à chaque nombre irrationnel dans l'intervalle de 0 à 1.  3, record 35, French, - terrasse%20diabolique

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Néologisme créé par analogie aux champs cultivés en terrasses que l'on rencontre en Asie du sud-est.  3, record 35, French, - terrasse%20diabolique

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A side effect of the increased apparent WOD would be greater economy of fuel. More important... is the fact that "ski-jumping" would allow aircraft to leave the ramp at any point in the vessel' s pitching cycle, almost regardless of the amplitude of the motion.  1, record 36, English, - pitching%20cycle

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le décollage suivant une trajectoire ascendante avec une pente de l'ordre de 20 degrés permettra au Harrier de quitter le pont à tout instant du cycle de tangage du navire sans tenir aucun compte de l'amplitude du mouvement de plate-forme (...)  1, record 36, French, - cycle%20de%20tangage

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In many cases the presence of an insoluble or even soluble carrier matrix may become an insuperable obstacle for the enzyme to perform its function in the organism. In such cases investigators have used bifunctional reagents to stabilize enzymes by intramolecular crosslinking. As a rule these attempts have had only limited success, based on trials with many enzymes.... The matter is complicated by the fact that the bifunctional reagent can interact with the enzyme in three different ways : one point modification, intermolecular linking, and intramolecular crosslinking. The observed stabilization effect can be explained easily by a simple modification to the enzyme or by changes in the microenvironment as a result of the modification.  1, record 37, English, - bifunctional%20reagent

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'insolubilisation des enzymes requiert (...) une "greffe" dans des conditions douces, entre R-COOH ou R-NH₂ de la protéine et certains groupements réactifs du support solide. (...) Les agents du couplage enzyme-support sont en bonne règle des agents bifonctionnels, actifs dans des conditions douces (glutaraldéhyde, carbodiimides, etc.). Souvent, la liaison n'est pas effectuée en une seule étape, mais le support est d'abord activé, puis la protéine lui est fixée.  1, record 37, French, - agent%20bifonctionnel

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Some records fall into the secondary class when the records have ceased to be of use to the department concerned. This will occur only when they are of a type of record which merits preservation in the Public Archives of Canada because of their value to other government organizations or to non-government users. this is where the archival content looms large and it is also the point at which such records become "public records" in fact.  1, record 38, English, - secondary%20class

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Certains documents tombent dans la classe secondaire lorsqu'ils ont cessé d'être utiles au ministère intéressé. Ceci ne se présente que dans le cas de documents qu'il y a lieu de conserver aux Archives Publiques du Canada à cause de la valeur qu'ils représentent pour d'autres organismes gouvernementaux ou pour les usagers du secteur privé. C'est le stade où le contenu archivistique du document revêt toute son importance et où ces documents deviennent, en fait, des "documents publics".  1, record 38, French, - classe%20secondaire

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The fact that buyers and sellers are different people who may have different people who may have different incomes or wealth hides the truth that the competitive equilibrium point has certain allocative efficiency properties in solving the what and how economic problems.  1, record 39, English, - competitive%20equilibrium%20point

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The oxyrapid unit. A compact, complete-mixing plant.... the orthodox system... suffers from the following disadvantages :... Sudden overloading of the bacterial flora at the top of the tank, due to the fact that the sludge loses its oxygen in the secondary settling tank and that all the polluting matter enters at the same point.  1, record 40, English, - complete%2Dmixing%20plant

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'oxyrapid. Appareil compact à mélange intégral. [...] Celui-ci présente les inconvénients suivants : [...] Surcharge brutale de la flore bactérienne en tête du bassin, due au fait que, [...] dans le décanteur secondaire les boues se sont désoxygénées et [...] toute la masse polluante est introduite en un seul point.  1, record 40, French, - appareil%20%C3%A0%20m%C3%A9lange%20int%C3%A9gral

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The law of diminishing returns : An increase in some inputs relative to other fixe inputs will, in a given state of technology, cause total output to increase : but after a point the extra output resulting from the same additions of extra inputs is likely to become less and less. This falling off of extra returns is a consequence of the fact that the new "doses" of the varying resources have less and less of the fixed resources to work with.  1, record 41, English, - extra%20return

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The vertical velocity curves(...) show the general shape of the velocity distribution [of water flow], and the fact that the point of maximum velocity often occurs below the water surface.  1, record 42, English, - vertical%20velocity%20curve

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les courbes de vitesse verticale (...) indiquent la forme générale de la distribution de vitesse [d'écoulement de l'eau] et font ressortir le fait que le point de vitesse maxima se trouve souvent au-dessous de la surface de l'eau.  1, record 42, French, - courbe%20de%20vitesse%20verticale

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish