TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A human intervention to reduce emissions or enhance the sinks of greenhouse gases.  3, record 1, English, - climate%20change%20mitigation

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Canada... faces a number of challenges for environmental policy, in particular to deal with toxic substances, air pollution and climate change mitigation.  4, record 1, English, - climate%20change%20mitigation

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Intervention humaine visant à réduire les émissions ou à renforcer les puits de gaz à effet de serre.  3, record 1, French, - att%C3%A9nuation%20du%20changement%20climatique

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le Canada fait [...] face à certains défis pour la politique de l'environnement, en particulier dans le domaine des substances toxiques, de la pollution de l'air et de l'atténuation du changement climatique.  4, record 1, French, - att%C3%A9nuation%20du%20changement%20climatique

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[The] Advisory Committee on Stratospheric Pollution, made up of scientists from several government departments and universities, was established in April 1973 to coordinate Canadian research and advise the government on its policy implications.  1, record 2, English, - Advisory%20Committee%20on%20Stratospheric%20Pollution

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The National Office of Pollution Prevention(NOPP) is Environment Canada's focal point for the management of toxic substances, implementation of federal pollution prevention policy and legislation, and the development of new concepts and policy instruments that facilitate the transition to pollution prevention in Canada.  1, record 3, English, - National%20Office%20of%20Pollution%20Prevention

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le Bureau national de la prévention de la pollution (BNPP) est le point central d'Environnement Canada pour la gestion des substances toxiques, la mise en œuvre de la politique et des lois fédérales en matière de la prévention de la pollution et l'élaboration de nouveaux concepts et de nouveaux instruments stratégiques qui facilitent la transition vers la prévention de la pollution au Canada.  2, record 3, French, - Bureau%20national%20de%20la%20pr%C3%A9vention%20de%20la%20pollution

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

An example of conflict is where there is already an active regional or industrial policy-pollution control costs should in such a situation be treated no differently from any other production costs and subsidization of this nature should be treated as a valid exception to the Polluter-Pays Principle.  1, record 4, English, - pollution%20control%20cost

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

control cost: term extracted from the “Glossaire de l’environnement” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  4, record 4, English, - pollution%20control%20cost

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Coût pour prévenir, limiter, réduire ou éliminer la pollution.  1, record 4, French, - co%C3%BBt%20de%20la%20lutte%20antipollution

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

coût de la lutte contre la pollution : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’environnement» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  4, record 4, French, - co%C3%BBt%20de%20la%20lutte%20antipollution

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A system of marketable permits allowing the bearer to emit a specified level of pollutants [and under which] the government controls the total level of emissions, but not the distribution of these emissions among firms.  2, record 5, English, - pollution%20right

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In 1976, an offset policy was instituted whereby a firm could enter an area or expand by reducing pollution from existing sources. Firms have been allowed to trade or sell pollution rights, termed offsets, to other firms. Banking, or maintaining a reserve of pollution rights, is also becoming popular. The bubble policy extends the use of offsets by creating a more active market for pollution rights.  3, record 5, English, - pollution%20right

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pollution right: term extracted from the “Glossaire de l’environnement” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  4, record 5, English, - pollution%20right

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'EPA [Environmental Protection Agency] autorise dans certains cas des entreprises pour lesquelles la lutte contre la pollution est très coûteuse à acheter des «droits de polluer» à d'autres entreprises pour lesquelles la lutte est moins coûteuse; les premières pourront dès lors émettre des quantités supérieures à la norme et les secondes émettront des quantités inférieures, de sorte que la norme ne soit globalement pas dépassée. Cet appel aux mécanismes du marché permet de réduire le coût total des mesures de lutte.  1, record 5, French, - droit%20de%20polluer

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

droit de polluer : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’environnement» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  2, record 5, French, - droit%20de%20polluer

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Expresa la idea de la emisión pública de certificados que dan a sus adquirentes el derecho a contaminar el entorno en ciertas proporciones según los casos. Se supone que con tal sistema - por lo demás muy discutible -, los mayores contaminadores han de comprar títulos de esta clase en el mercado, con lo cual su cotización se eleva, fomentándose de este modo soluciones conducentes a la efectiva disminución del nivel de contaminación.  1, record 5, Spanish, - derecho%20de%20contaminaci%C3%B3n

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In 1976, an offset policy was instituted whereby a firm could enter an area or expand by reducing pollution from existing sources. Firms have been allowed to trade or sell pollution rights, termed offsets, to other firms.  3, record 6, English, - offset%20procedure

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

offset procedure: term extracted from the “Glossaire de l’environnement” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  4, record 6, English, - offset%20procedure

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Généralisation du «principe de la bulle» à une région entière, à l'intérieur de laquelle les entreprises peuvent échanger des «droits de pollution», du moment que la quantité totale d'un certain polluant qui sort de la «bulle» fictive entourant la région ne dépasse pas la limite autorisée.  1, record 6, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20de%20compensation

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

système de compensation : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’environnement» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  2, record 6, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20de%20compensation

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In 1976, an offset policy was instituted whereby a firm could enter an area or expand by reducing pollution from existing sources. Firms have been allowed to trade or sell pollution rights, termed offsets, to other firms. Banking, or maintaining a reserve of pollution rights, is also becoming popular. The bubble policy extends the use of offsets by creating a more active market for pollution rights.  1, record 7, English, - offset%20policy

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Systèmes de compensation : Généralisation du «principe de la bulle» à une région entière, à l'intérieur de laquelle les entreprises peuvent échanger des «droits de pollution», du moment que la quantité totale d'un certain polluant qui sort de la «bulle» fictive entourant la région ne dépasse pas la limite autorisée.  2, record 7, French, - politique%20de%20la%20compensation

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le principe de la bulle s'applique aux différentes usines d'une même entreprise alors que le principe de la compensation s'applique aux entreprises d'une même région.  2, record 7, French, - politique%20de%20la%20compensation

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 3 OBS

politique de la compensation : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’environnement» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  3, record 7, French, - politique%20de%20la%20compensation

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Up to 1970, stream quality standards in the United States were largely the responsibility of individual states. The federal government became dominant in 1970 through passage of the National Environmental Policy Act which instituted the concept of environmental impact statements and established the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA). In 1972, the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments were passed which provided effluent limitation guidelines and authority to levy fines for noncompliance. This act stipulated a step-wise schedule for meeting conventional discharge criteria, the first target level by 1977 being equivalent to "best practical technology"(BPT), and the second target level by 1983 being equivalent to "best available technology economically achievable"(BAT).  4, record 9, English, - best%20available%20technology

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En 1972, les pouvoirs publics fédéraux modifièrent la loi en vigueur sur la pollution de l'eau pour que des limites soient imposées à la charge polluante des effluents et que les contrevenants deviennent passibles d'amendes. Il était stipulé qu'à partir de 1977, la pollution industrielle ne devait pas être supérieure à celle qu'occasionnent des rejets préalablement soumis à un traitement secondaire. Il s'agissait là d'une réduction maximale de la pollution d'un point de vue technique («Best Practical Technology - BPT»). L'étape suivante, à réaliser pour 1983, visait une réduction supplémentaire de la pollution par suite de la mise en œuvre de toutes les techniques mises au point et économiquement viables («Best Available Technology Economically Achievable - BAT»).  2, record 9, French, - meilleures%20techniques%20existantes

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Terme tiré d'un lexique des sigles préparé par la section de traduction Environnement le 1er janvier 1985.  1, record 9, French, - meilleures%20techniques%20existantes

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Maximum permissible limits, maximum allowable concentrations, maximum acceptable levels of pollutants in specified media other than the receptor designed to ensure that under specified circumstances a primary or secondary standard is not exceeded.  6, record 10, English, - ambient%20quality%20standard

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Auction of pollution rights [are] based on the principle that, since environment policy cannot be grounded on equalizing the marginal social cost of pollution with the marginal social benefit of abating pollution..., standards of environmental quality are decided on by the government authorities. A quality standard can be defined with reference to the degree of accepted pollution corresponding to a given quantity of pollutant discharged per unit of time(for example, one year).  5, record 10, English, - ambient%20quality%20standard

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Compare with "air quality standard" and "emission standard".  7, record 10, English, - ambient%20quality%20standard

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Norme fixant des niveaux de pollution ou de nuisances à ne pas dépasser dans un milieu ou dans des circonstances données.  5, record 10, French, - norme%20de%20qualit%C3%A9%20de%20l%27environnement

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Droits échangeables. [...] le gouvernement fixe d'abord les normes de qualité de l'environnement qu'il désire, puis crée des droits, échangeables entre firmes, pour la quantité d'émissions compatibles avec ces normes.  6, record 10, French, - norme%20de%20qualit%C3%A9%20de%20l%27environnement

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En vertu de ces normes, les pouvoirs publics déterminent un seuil de pollution acceptable en deçà duquel les entreprises peuvent polluer (droits à polluer) mais au-delà duquel elles doivent acheter, échanger ou négocier ces droits.  7, record 10, French, - norme%20de%20qualit%C3%A9%20de%20l%27environnement

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Between 1972 and 1977 several studies confirmed the hypothesis that air pollutants could travel several thousands of kilometres before deposition and damage occurred. This also implied that cooperation at the international level was necessary to solve problems such as acidification. In response to these acute problems, a High-level Meeting within the Framework of the ECE on the Protection of the Environment was held at ministerial level in November 1979 in Geneva. It resulted in the signature of the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution by 34 Governments and the European Community(EC). The Convention was the first international legally binding instrument to deal with problems of air pollution on a broad regional basis. Besides laying down the general principles of international cooperation for air pollution abatement, the Convention sets up an institutional framework bringing together research and policy. The Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution entered into force in 1983. It has been extended by eight specific protocols.  2, record 11, English, - Convention%20on%20Long%2Drange%20Transboundary%20Air%20Pollution

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In October 2000, over 250 senior decision-makers and leading practitioners from over 50 countries, representing all regions of the world, gathered in Montreal, Canada for the International Pollution Prevention Summit. The Summit provided an opportunity for national and regional roundtables to explore how pollution prevention could be better understood and implemented as a result of roundtables working together and in partnership with other organizations and agencies. Outcomes from the Summit included action plans for fostering change, expanding education and awareness, financing and national-level policy development. The Summit also resulted in the launch of the Global Information Network, a cross-regional program linking innovation, ideas, practitioners and decision-makers. The strategic alliances and broad-based partnerships that were developed at the Summit are now driving the on-going follow-up activities.  2, record 12, English, - International%20Pollution%20Prevention%20Summit

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Organisé par le Centre canadien de prévention de la pollution, Environnement Canada et un comité directeur international formé de représentants des tables rondes régionales sur la prévention de la pollution, des réseaux pour une production plus propre et du Programme des Nations Unies pour l'environnement.  1, record 12, French, - Sommet%20international%20de%20la%20pr%C3%A9vention%20de%20la%20pollution

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

En octobre 2000, plus de 250 décideurs de haut niveau et praticiens d'avant-plan, provenant de plus de 50 pays des quatre coins de la planète, se sont réunis à Montréal, au Canada, pour participer au Sommet international de la prévention de la pollution. Le Sommet a donné aux tables rondes nationales et régionales l'occasion d'examiner comment elles pourraient mieux comprendre et concrétiser la prévention de la pollution en se concertant et en nouant des partenariats avec d'autres organisations et agences. Le Sommet a produit des résultats concrets, notamment des plans d'action sur divers thèmes (promotion du changement, développement de l'éducation et de la sensibilisation, financement, formulation de politiques au niveau national). Il a également mené au lancement du Réseau mondial d'information, un programme transrégional reliant l'innovation, les idées, les praticiens, et les décideurs. Les alliances stratégiques et les partenariats à large assise issus du Sommet constituent maintenant le moteur du suivi permanent donné au Sommet.  1, record 12, French, - Sommet%20international%20de%20la%20pr%C3%A9vention%20de%20la%20pollution

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Celebrada en octubre del 2000.  2, record 12, Spanish, - Cumbre%20Internacional%20de%20Prevenci%C3%B3n%20de%20la%20Contaminaci%C3%B3n

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

An agency of the Federal government responsible for : the establishment and enforcement of environmental protection standards consistent with national environmental goals : the conduct of research on the adverse effects of pollution and on methods or equipment for controlling it : the accumulation and dissemination of information to develop and strengthen environmental protection programs and formulate related policy.  5, record 13, English, - Environmental%20Protection%20Agency

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Organismo para la protección del medio ambiente.  3, record 13, Spanish, - Agencia%20Federal%20de%20Protecci%C3%B3n%20Ambiental

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Korea Institute of Energy Research(KIER) currently undertakes research and development of energy conservation technologies for rational use of energy and for improvement of energy efficiency, of energy related environmental technologies for the reduction of environmental pollution from fossil fuel utilization, as well as clean energy, and of alternative energy technologies that are unlimited in source and a pollution-free, such as the sun and the wind. KIER plays a pivotal role in developing technologies to support national energy policy as the nations sole research institute specializing in energy.  1, record 14, English, - Korea%20Institute%20of%20Energy%20and%20Resources

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Apart from these particular measures, pollution control involves other costs such as the administrative cost of implementing an anti-pollution policy, the cost of the measuring and checking arrangements, the cost of research and development in anti-pollution technology(and even of basic research), grants for modernizing out-of-date plant, etc.  3, record 15, English, - anti%2Dpollution%20policy

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Manière concertée de conduire la lutte contre la pollution.  3, record 15, French, - politique%20antipollution

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Une politique antipollution fera appel à des stratégies, à des mesures législatives, à des investissements dans les domaines technologiques pouvant fournir des solutions, etc. Il ne faut pas confondre toutes ces notions connexes.  3, record 15, French, - politique%20antipollution

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ECE [Economic Commission for Europe]  1, record 16, English, - Declaration%20of%20Policy%20on%20Prevention%20and%20Control%20of%20Water%20Pollution%2C%20including%20Transboundary%20Pollution

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Instrument proposed by John Dales and based on the principle that, since environment policy cannot be grounded on equalizing the marginal social cost of pollution with the marginal social benefit of abating pollution(theses functions being almost impossible to ascertain), standards of environmental quality are decided on by the government authorities. A quality standard can be defined with reference to the degree of accepted pollution corresponding to a given quantity of pollutant discharged per unit of time(for example, one year). One can then imagine this annual total quantity of pollutant being represented by bonds which would really be pollution rights. The bonds could be put on sale by the public sector in an actual market for pollution rights. These rights would be negotiable and sold at prices determined by supply and demand.  1, record 19, English, - auction%20of%20pollution%20rights

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans la mesure où l'environnement est un bien collectif, il peut apparaître choquant de le mettre ainsi aux enchères, c'est-à-dire vendre à une minorité le droit de nuire à la majorité.  1, record 19, French, - bourse%20des%20droits%20de%20pollution

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

C'est le volume de transactions qui détermine s'il s'agit d'une simple vente aux enchères locale ou d'une véritable bourse qui intéresse les entreprises de toute une région ou de tout un pays (celle de Chicago en est un exemple récent).  2, record 19, French, - bourse%20des%20droits%20de%20pollution

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

For example, consider the case where the appropriate policy for pollution abatement meant that considerable extra costs were imposed on some firms or industry in a certain area with the result that their competitive position would be badly threatened(nationally or internationally) and considerable local unemployment would ensue. In such a situation many authorities would be under pressure to abstain from the appropriate anti-pollution instrument and replace it by some measure that would be less efficient, from the resource allocation point of view, such as a subsidy to the industry concerned to install less-polluting techniques of production.  1, record 20, English, - antipollution%20instrument

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mesure spécifiquement créée pour prévenir, limiter, réduire ou éliminer la pollution.  2, record 20, French, - instrument%20de%20lutte%20contre%20la%20pollution

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Source : Dernière ébauche du document 92-04.  1, record 21, French, - Politique%20d%27application%20des%20dispositions%20de%20la%20Loi%20sur%20les%20p%C3%AAches%20relatives%20%C3%A0%20la%20pr%C3%A9vention%20de%20la%20pollution%20et%20%C3%A0%20la%20protection%20de%20l%27habitat

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Critical technologies lists have become quite popular. Semiconductors, biotechnology and advanced computing place on virtually all the lists. In the past, critical technologies were mainly those deemed necessary for national defense. But with the cold war subsiding, many executives and policy makers say the time has come to make industrial competitiveness the basis for the list. Others say that critical technologies are those that satisfy human needs, like pollution, control and affordable housing, rather than technologies that help American companies sell more television sets.  1, record 22, English, - critical%20technology

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'adjectif «pointu» employé de préférence à «de pointe» (surtout en France) a déjà acquis toutes les acceptions signalées dans le texte de New York Times.  1, record 22, French, - technologie%20pointue

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish