TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

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Clonal hematopoiesis(CH) refers to the presence of a population of blood and/or bone marrow cells that share an acquired mutation or chromosome abnormality.  1, record 1, English, - clonal%20hematopoiesis

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

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L'hématopoïèse clonale (HC) est caractérisée par l'acquisition de mutations dans les cellules souches hématopoïétiques menant à des clones détectables. L'HC est notamment favorisée par l'âge et confère un risque de développer une hémopathie maligne.  1, record 1, French, - h%C3%A9matopo%C3%AF%C3%A8se%20clonale

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Record 2,  Textual support,  English

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Cloning cylinders aid colony isolation by assuring a homogeneous culture of cells rather than a mixed population. To isolate incubated colonies, a cloning cylinder is placed around the colony of choice and attached by sterile grease.  2, record 2, English, - cloning%20cylinder

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

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Record 3,  Textual support,  English

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[A graph that represents] the number of live cells in a bacterial population over a period of time.  2, record 3, English, - bacterial%20growth%20curve

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The bacterial growth curve can be divided into four major phases: lag phase, exponential or log (logarithmic) phase, stationary phase, and decline phase.  3, record 3, English, - bacterial%20growth%20curve

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

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[...] graphique représentant le développement d'une population de bactéries en fonction du temps.  2, record 3, French, - courbe%20de%20croissance%20bact%C3%A9rienne

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Dans un milieu liquide, dont les constituants ne sont pas renouvelés, ensemencé avec des bactéries en fin de croissance, la courbe de croissance suit une cinétique générale caractéristique [...] comportant quatre phases : la phase de latence, la phase exponentielle, la phase stationnaire et enfin une phase de décroissance.  3, record 3, French, - courbe%20de%20croissance%20bact%C3%A9rienne

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Record 4,  Textual support,  English

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The human lower intestine is populated by an enormous number of microbes... These microbes are separated from the rest of the body by only a thin layer of cells and mucous lining the intestinal tract. As long as the intestinal microbial population does not penetrate the intestinal barrier, they coexist in relative harmony and in fact play a valuable role in digestion and processing of essential nutrients. It is believed that our commensal intestinal population is kept in place, in part, by the extremely active mucosal immune system present in the intestinal lining.  2, record 4, English, - mucosal%20immune%20system

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

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La partie inférieure de l'intestin humain est colonisée par une multitude de microbes [...] La seule barrière entre ces microbes et le corps est une mince couche de cellules et de mucus qui tapisse la paroi intestinale. Tant et aussi longtemps que la population microbienne de l'intestin ne franchit pas la barrière intestinale, ces voisins coexistent dans une harmonie relative et jouent en fait un rôle utile dans la digestion et la transformation des nutriments essentiels. On croit que le système immunitaire muqueux extrêmement actif de la tunique intestinale maintient, en partie, la population intestinale commensale du corps humain.  2, record 4, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20immunitaire%20muqueux

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Record 5,  Textual support,  English

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The omic sciences include fields of study in biological research that are concerned with the interactions between complex living entities. These can be a species, a population, an individual, cells, proteins, RNA, and DNA.  1, record 5, English, - omic%20science

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An omics is a neologism referring to a field of study in biology ... such as genomics, proteomics or interactomics.  3, record 5, English, - omic%20science

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

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Les sciences omiques incorporent diverses disciplines telles que la génomique, la protéomique, la transcriptomique et la métabolomique; celles-ci analysent un grand volume de données qui s’interprètent par le biais de la bioinformatique.  1, record 5, French, - science%20omique

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Record 6,  Textual support,  English

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[...] cell population whose component cells differ in their chromosome numbers, irrespective of whether these numbers are euploid or aneuploid.  2, record 6, English, - mixoploid

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Thus, the term mixoploidy covers all types of mosaics or chimeras in which the heterogeneity between different elements involves differences in chromosome number.  3, record 6, English, - mixoploid

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

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Mélange, dans une même population cellulaire, d'individus normaux et d'individus dont la garniture chromosomique varie.  1, record 6, French, - mixoplo%C3%AFde

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

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Grupos de células que contienen núcleos con un número de cromosomas variable (una mezcla de euploide, aneuploide, poliploide).  1, record 6, Spanish, - mixoploide

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

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Selfish genes are parasitic sequences of DNA that increase their own frequency in a population, usually to the detriment of the organisms that carry them. Although most genes can prosper only by contributing to the well-being of their bearers, there are certain times in the life cycle of an organism when genetic elements can potentially cheat and gain a transmission advantage.... Some genes cheat by inserting extra copies of themselves into cells; some cripple or obliterate their genetic counterparts on other chromosomes. A few can even change the sex of their host so that it produces only eggs or sperm favorable to the gene's distribution. Virtually all species, including humans, harbor at least some selfish genes.  1, record 7, English, - selfish%20gene

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

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Dans la théorie du gène égoïste, on considère que l’unité de base des êtres vivants est le gène, ou une séquence génétique. La finalité du gène est de se multiplier. Pour se reproduire, il s’associe avec d’autres gènes d’une façon temporaire ou définitive, en fonction de son intérêt. [...] Certains gènes peuvent être en plusieurs copies dans un organisme. Certains peuvent aller se joindre à un organisme différent de celui dont ils sont issus. Un organisme peut être parasité par des gènes qui ne lui sont pas utiles, mais il peut aussi se débarrasser de gènes qui ne lui sont d’aucune utilité.  2, record 7, French, - g%C3%A8ne%20%C3%A9go%C3%AFste

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

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[...] la teoría del "gen egoísta" afirma que los genes compiten entre sí para asegurarse la supremacía de unos sobre otros.  1, record 7, Spanish, - gen%20ego%C3%ADsta

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

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The sum total of functionally diverse B and T cells in ones circulation at any given moment.  2, record 8, English, - immunologic%20repertoire

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To allow recognition of many antigens, the immune system creates a large population of receptor molecules that differ in the primary sequence of their antigen-binding regions. This population is called the ‘immunologic repertoire’ and is formed by a process of diversification and selection quite different from the way other gene products are produced in our cells.  4, record 8, English, - immunologic%20repertoire

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This lymphocyte "homing" process disperses the immunologic repertoire, directs lymphocyte subsets to the specialized microenvironments that control their differentiation and regulate their survival, and targets immune effector cells to sites of antigenic or microbial invasion.  5, record 8, English, - immunologic%20repertoire

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

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Chaque lymphocyte porte des structures de reconnaissance ou sites récepteurs à l'antigène, tous identiques pour la même cellule, qui lui permettent d'identifier un motif chimique [...]. Le motif de l'antigène qui réagit avec ces sites récepteurs est dénommé déterminant antigénique. L'ensemble des sites de reconnaissance portés par les populations lymphocytaires définit le répertoire immunologique possédé par un organisme. On ne connaît pas exactement le nombre de possibilités de reconnaissance des lymphocytes ou le nombre de déterminants antigéniques.  1, record 8, French, - r%C3%A9pertoire%20immunologique

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Record 9,  Textual support,  English

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Main target of HIV [human immunodeficiency virus] are two white blood cells; the lymphocyte and the macrophage. In particular, a subset of lymphocytes called T4 cells are infected; the hallmark of AIDS is a depletion of the T4 population. Unlike T4 cells, the macrophage is not killed by HIV. It may serve as a reservoir for the virus.  2, record 9, English, - target%20cell

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

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Le VIH [virus de l'immunodéficience humaine] est, tout comme les autres virus, un parasite intracellulaire : isolée, la particule virale est inerte; elle ne nuit que lorsqu'elle pénètre dans une cellule. Les infections virales débutent par la fixation des particules virales sur un récepteur membranaire des cellules cibles : c'est la molécule CD4 [cluster de différentiation 4] pour le VIH.  1, record 9, French, - cellule%20cible

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

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Célula que presenta un antígeno combinado con moléculas del [...] complejo mayor de histocompatibilidad (familia de genes del cromosoma 6), en los linfocitos T citotóxicos.  1, record 9, Spanish, - c%C3%A9lula%20diana

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

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The observation that microglial cells in brain tissue are probably a major target for human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection has raised interest in the pathogenic role of this cell population for the development of neuro-AIDS.(In Virology :(New York. NY). 1993, 195(2) 561-568, cited in PASCAL data bank).  1, record 10, English, - neuro%2DAIDS

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

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neuro sida (Relevé dans Inst. Med. 1991, 62 (0003) 00029-0 0032, cité dans la base de données PASCAL.)  2, record 10, French, - neuro%2DSIDA

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Pathologie psychiatrique aiguë révélatrice d'une lésion sous-corticale au cours d'un neuro-SIDA. (Relevé dans Encéphale. 1991, 17 (2) 79-81, cité dans la base de données PASCAL.)  2, record 10, French, - neuro%2DSIDA

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[...] neuro-SIDA [...] figure dans un ouvrage du docteur Réjean Thomas, Le Sida, un nouveau défi médical. [...] le terme [...] décrit de façon générique et floue toute atteinte du SNC [système nerveux central] et du cerveau, ainsi que ses manifestations, dans le contexte de l'infection par le VIH.  3, record 10, French, - neuro%2DSIDA

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D'après l'ACIM (Association canadienne de l'industrie du médicament), le terme neuro-SIDA n'est usité qu'au Québec.  4, record 10, French, - neuro%2DSIDA

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Record 11,  Textual support,  English

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Acute myelogenous leukemia(AML) is a group of malignant disorders characterized by the replacement of normal bone marrow with abnormal, primitive hematopoietic cells.... One subtype, acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL), does exhibit a slightly greater incidence in the Hispanic population.  1, record 11, English, - acute%20promyelocytic%20leukemia

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

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Leucemia no linfocítica aguda caracterizada por un aumento en la producción de promielocitos.  3, record 11, Spanish, - leucemia%20promieloc%C3%ADtica%20aguda

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

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Homopoietic progenitor cells generally become committed to a particular pathway of differentiation long before they cease proliferating and terminally differentiate. The committed progenitors go through many rounds of cell division to amplify the ultimate number of cells of the given specialized type. In this way, a single stem-cell division can lead to the production of thousands of differentiated progeny, which explains why the number of stem cells is so small a fraction of the total population of hemopoietic cells.  3, record 12, English, - committed%20progenitor

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

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La détermination est le passage d'une cellule-souche de potentialité large, encore capable de s'orienter vers toutes les lignées, à un précurseur restreint à une seule lignée. Les précurseurs déterminés et les cellules souches multipotentes sont reconnues par des techniques de clonage qui permettent d'obtenir in vitro une colonie de cellules filles matures à partir d'un seul progéniteur.  1, record 12, French, - pr%C3%A9curseur%20d%C3%A9termin%C3%A9

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Record 13,  Textual support,  English

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A population of animal cells that develops on repeated secondary cultivation.  3, record 13, English, - cell%20line

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It arises from a cell strain when some cells become altered; their morphology changes, they grow faster, and they are able to start a culture from only a few cells.  3, record 13, English, - cell%20line

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This is a general term applied to a defined population of cells which has been maintained in a culture for an extended period and which has usually undergone a spontaneous process of transformation.  4, record 13, English, - cell%20line

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

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Population de cellules d'un type donné capables de se diviser en culture.  2, record 13, French, - lign%C3%A9e%20cellulaire

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Record 14,  Textual support,  English

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Bone marrow stromal cells [are] a mixed cell population that generates bone, cartilage, fat, fibrous connective tissue, and the reticular network that supports blood cell formation [and] were described shortly after the discovery of HSCs [hematopoietic stem cells].  1, record 14, English, - bone%20marrow%20stromal%20cell

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

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Les cellules stromales de la moelle osseuse fournissent un support structural et fonctionnel aux cellules hématopoïétiques.  2, record 14, French, - cellule%20stromale%20de%20la%20moelle%20osseuse

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En dehors de leur rôle dans la différenciation des cellules sanguines matures, les cellules stromales, en fonction des conditions physiques de leur environnement, peuvent générer du cartilage, de l'os et de la graisse.  3, record 14, French, - cellule%20stromale%20de%20la%20moelle%20osseuse

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Record 15,  Textual support,  English

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The occurrence of heritable or nonheritable differences in the permanent structure of cells(intraindividual variation), among individuals of one population(individual variation), or among populations(group variation)(...) Primarily, biological variation may be subdivided into three categories : 1. phenotypic variation(...) 2. environmental variation(...) 3. genetic variation(...).  2, record 15, English, - variation

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

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Toute différence qu'acquiert au cours de son développement ou que présente au moment de l'observation une unité biologique par rapport aux autres unités du même groupe. Il peut s'agir soit des cellules d'un même organisme, soit des individus d'une population, soit des isolats d'une même espèce. Le terme variation ne préjuge ni du caractère héréditaire ou non héréditaire de la différence observée, ni de la nature du mécanisme qui l'a provoquée.  3, record 15, French, - variation

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Voir les définitions relatives à "variabilité génétique", "variabilité génotypique" et "variabilité phénotypique" dans LHGEN, 1979, p. 257.  4, record 15, French, - variation

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

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A partially diploid bacterial zygote containing an exogenotic chromosomal fragment donated by the F+ mate. (KIDIG)  2, record 16, English, - merozygote

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The merozygotes formed at conjugation thus comprise a population of recipient cells, complete with their cytoplasm, which are heterogenous in having received varying and randomly distributed lengths of donor chromosome measured from its leading extremity, O.(HAGEB p. 686)  2, record 16, English, - merozygote

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

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Cellule bactérienne comportant une information génétique complète (endogénote) et des fragments d'information génétique provenant d'une bactérie donneuse (exogénote). (LINTS)  2, record 16, French, - m%C3%A9rozygote

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[...] le mérozygote tend à revenir tout de suite à l'état haploïde et, lorsque ce retour est accompli, certains des sous-clones qui ont pris naissance sont des recombinés génétiques. (LABIO p. 262)  2, record 16, French, - m%C3%A9rozygote

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Étym. grec "meros", partie et "zugon", couple  2, record 16, French, - m%C3%A9rozygote

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

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A population of animal cells that develops from a primary culture by reseeding serially; the number of transfers is usually limited. The characteristics of the parent cell are retained in culture.  1, record 17, English, - cell%20strain

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

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Terme désignant des lignées composées uniformément de cellules ayant des propriétés héréditaires distinctes et bien définies.  2, record 17, French, - souche%20cellulaire

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Record 18,  Textual support,  English

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The method to detect mutations or genetic damage in cells was an assay of cloned HPRT-Human T-lymphocytes. This method offers the advantage that mutant cells survive and yield offspring and thus mutation is no longer represented by a single dead cell but by a population of cells whose enzymatic defect can be confirmed, studied and characterized.  3, record 18, English, - enzymatic%20defect

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

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On connaît de nombreuses maladies génétiques humaines dans lesquelles un enzyme est soit totalement inactif soit altéré dans sa fonction catalytique ou régulatrice. Dans ces maladies, la molécule enzymatique défectueuse peut contenir un ou plusieurs aminoacides anormaux dans sa (ses) chaîne(s) (polypeptidiques(s) comme résultat d'une mutation du DNA.  4, record 18, French, - d%C3%A9faut%20enzymatique

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

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What clinicians loosely refer to as a "bone graft" for reconstruction of the atrophic maxilla really amounts to a marrow transplant. It is aimed at obtaining osteocompetent cells, which are essentially the endosteal osteoblasts from the surface of cancellous bone trabeculae and the cancellous marrow stem-cell population from bone donor sites such as the ilium and tibial plateau. The graft itself contains these osteocompetent cells and islands of mineralized cancellous bone, fibrin from blood clotting, and platelets within the clot.  1, record 19, English, - osteocomptent%20cell

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

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[...] depuis une dizaine d'années de nombreuses équipes ont exploré la possibilité d'utiliser, comme source de cellules ostéocompétentes, les fibroblastes du stroma de la moelle osseuse [...].  1, record 19, French, - cellule%20ost%C3%A9ocomp%C3%A9tente

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Tiré du cahier Le Technoscope no. 133 de la source a.  2, record 19, French, - cellule%20ost%C3%A9ocomp%C3%A9tente

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

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The hemocyte populations are derived from two different populations of the stem cells-prohemocytes. Those belonging to one prohemocyte population differentiate in a complex including plasmatocytes and granulocytes, while another population of prehemocytes establishes quite uniform cells-oenocytes. The prohemocytes differentiate in a total of six different subpopulations of hemocytes.  1, record 20, English, - prohemocyte

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

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Record 21,  Textual support,  English

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A means of determining cell surface properties, in which receptors or immunoglobulins on the surface on one cell population cause cells with corresponding molecular configuration on their surface to adhere in rosettes around the indicator cells.  1, record 21, English, - immunocytoadherence

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

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Adhérence d'un antigène sur une cellule immunologiquement compétente. [...] L'immunocytoadhérence correspond à l'adhérence d'un antigène à la surface d'un lymphocyte (ou d'un macrophage) qui est spécifiquement sensible. Cet antigène peut être porté par différents supports, notamment des cellules. La méthode des rosettes est une des applications de l'immunocytoadhérence.  1, record 21, French, - immunocytoadh%C3%A9rence

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

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A group of cells designated as either static, expanding, or renewing.  1, record 22, English, - cell%20population

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Static cell populations represent homogeneous groups of cells in which no mitotic activity can be detected; the total DNA content remains constant. Expanding cell populations are homogeneous groups of cells showing scattered mitoses in numbers which account for the increase in total DNA content. Renewing cell populations are homogeneous groups of cells in which mitosis is abundant and exceeds that required for the total increase in DNA content.  1, record 22, English, - cell%20population

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

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Par cultures clonales, on entend le développement in vitro des populations cellulaires descendant d'une seule cellule et, par conséquent, génétiquement homogènes. Cette homogénéité peut n'être cependant qu'éphémère, étant donné l'apparition assez fréquente, à la longue, de mutants au sein de ces populations clonales. Le rapport précis entre la composition cellulaire des tissus explantés et la culture qui en dérive est difficile à établir puisque, dès le début de la culture, certaines cellules sont favorisées par les conditions de vie in vitro et profilèrent plus intensément que d'autres. Les cellules à fonction spécialisée sont, d'une manière générale, dans ce sens, plus défavorisées et la population cellulaire dans son ensemble prend, au fur et à mesure des passages, un aspect dédifférencié.  1, record 22, French, - population%20cellulaire

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

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... a tiny gland in the mouth parts of the queen bee... is the source of a substance that the queen spreads over its own body when grooming itself. Worker bees serve as courtiers. Constantly licking and grooming the queen, they receive a supply of this queen substance [In the event of 2 competing queens, ] the conqueror assumes power and produces a supply of the inhibiting queen substance; thereafter, no additional queen cells are prepared. The queen substance seems to dominate much of the life of the hive. In a flourishing hive with a great many bees... the queen substance becomes so diluted in being shared by a large population that its chemical message is no longer felt everywhere in the hive.  1, record 23, English, - queen%20substance

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

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Les glandes mandibulaires de la reine des abeilles sécrètent une phérormone appelée « substance royale », qui attire les bourdons lors du vol nuptial; elle participe à l'inhibition de la construction des cellules royales dans la ruche, et ferait partie du complexe inhibiteur de l'ovogenèse chez les abeilles ouvrières. Transmise dans toute la colonie par trophalxie (échange de nourriture), la substance royale est d'abord un messager social indiquant aux ouvrières que leur reine est toujours présente et en bonne santé. Après ingestion, elle agit également comme une « hormone », bloquant le développement ovarien des ouvrières.  2, record 23, French, - substance%20royale

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

De jeunes ouvrières [...] alimentent la reine à la gelée royale dont la composition varie au cours de la vie de cette reine. A partir ce cette nourriture, la reine élabore de la substance royale (ne pas confondre avec la gelée royale produite par les ouvrières) et pond.  3, record 23, French, - substance%20royale

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

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Efecto de la sustancia real de la abeja (ácido (E)-Q-OXO-2-decenoico) sobre la cucaracha Blattella germanica (Source: base de données PASCAL nO.: 91-0297484).  1, record 23, Spanish, - sustancia%20real

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

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A sampling method in which the population is first divided into cells of equal width, and in which one item is then randomly selected from each cell.  1, record 24, English, - cell%20selection

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

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Méthode d'échantillonnage où l'on répartit d'abord la population en cellules, d'égale largeur, pour ensuite choisir un élément au hasard dans chaque cellule.  1, record 24, French, - pr%C3%A9l%C3%A8vement%20par%20cellule

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A variation of the mixed lymphocyte culture(MLC) techniques that is a functional test of the ability of cytotoxic lymphocytes(CTL) to kill target cells. Lymphocytes from two individuals are cultured together for several days, one population having been prevented from proliferating by treatment with radiation or mitomycin(a "one-way" MLC) ;they are then cultured for several hours with 51CR-labeled target cells that are HLA-identical to the stimulator cells. Cytotoxicity is measured as percentage of 51CR released from specific target cells compared to percentage of 51CR released from control(nonspecific target) cells.  1, record 25, English, - cell%2Dmediated%20lympholysis

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Test de cytotoxicité à médiation lymphocytaire. Lorsque des lymphocytes provenant de deux populations allogéniques différentes sont mis en présence dans un tube, on assiste à l'apparition de lymphoblastes (ce qui définit la réaction lymphocytaire mixte), mais aussi à celle d'une génération de cellules T cytotoxiques spécifiques. C'est la réaction de lymphocytotoxicité à médiation cellulaire appelée en anglais "cell mediated lympholysis".  1, record 25, French, - cytotoxicit%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20m%C3%A9diation%20lymphocytaire

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

T[ gamma] cells are blood monocytes with surface Fc[ gamma] receptors(ie. for IgG), which may be isolated by rosetting. This population contains a number of cells with T suppressor/cytotoxic markers(T8) but the majority are L cells. They are capable of suppressing antibody synthesis.  1, record 26, English, - Tg%20cell

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

g = gamma.  2, record 26, English, - Tg%20cell

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les LGL ont d'abord été caractérisés au sein des cellules T[gamma] dont ils représentent une importante proportion.  1, record 26, French, - cellule%20Tg

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

g = gamma.  2, record 26, French, - cellule%20Tg

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The essential ingredients of a recombinant DNA experiment are : 1. A DNA vehicle(vector, replicon) which can replicate in living cells after foreign DNA is inserted into it. 2. A DNA molecule to be replicated(passenger), or a collection of them. 3. A method of joining the passenger to the vehicle. 4. A means of introducing the joined DNA molecule into a host organism in which it can replicate(DNA transformation or transfection). 5. A means of screening or genetic selection for those cells that have replicated the desired recombinant molecule. This is necessary since transformation and transfection methods are inefficient, so that most members of the host cell population have no recombinant DNA replicating in them. This selection or screening for desired recombinants provides a route to recovery of the recombinant DNA of interest in pure form.  1, record 27, English, - DNA%20transformation

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En créant expérimentalement des mutations par des rayons UV p. ex., on observe que le spectre d'action des longueurs d'ondes recouvre celui de l'ADN. Les transformations de l'ADN qui provoquent des mutations donnent des renseignements intéressants (sur] l'ordre linéaire des gènes des chromosomes.  1, record 27, French, - transformation%20de%20l%27ADN

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A heritable change, occurring in cells in culture, either intrinsically or from treatment with chemical carcinogens, oncogenic viruses, irridation, etc., and leading to the acquisition of altered morphological, antigenic, neoplastic, proliferative, or other properties. This expression is distinguished from "in vitro neoplastie transformation" in that the alterations occurring in the cell population may not always include the ability of the cells to produce tumors in appropriate hosts. The type of transformation should always be specified in any description.  1, record 28, English, - in%20vitro%20transformation

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Again, the luminescent bacteria that populate the light organs of deep-sea fishes such as Photoblepharon are selected from the vast population of marine bacteria by their ability to bind to the glycocalyx of the cells that line the cup-shaped luminous organ.  1, record 29, English, - Photoblepharon

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

De même, les bactéries luminescentes, qui peuplent les organes lumineux de certains poissons d'eau profonde comme le Photobles pharon, ont été sélectionnées dans la très vaste population bactérienne marine, par leur capacité de se lier au glycocalyx des cellules qui bordent leurs organes lumineux en forme de coupe.  1, record 29, French, - Photoblepharon

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The specification of proximodistal positional values appears to take place within a progress zone near the tip of the [wing] bud [of the chick](...) The zone is always associated with the apical ectodermal ridge, and some influence from the ridge presumably brings it into being. The progress zone is about 350 micrometers(...) long. It contains a population of dividing cells that are like fibroblasts in general appearance.  1, record 30, English, - progress%20zone

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La détermination des emplacements proximo-distaux semble se faire dans une «zone de progression» proche de l'apex du bourgeon [alaire du poulet] (...) Cette zone est toujours associée à la crête apicale ectodermique et semble-t-il, n'existerait pas sans elle. La «zone de progression» a environ 350 micromètres (...) de long; elle contient une population de cellules qui se divisent et qui ont l'allure générale de fibroblastes.  1, record 30, French, - zone%20de%20progression

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish