TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A rebellion instigated by at least one non-State movement whose means include the use of violence and subversion against an established authority to achieve political change. [Definition officially approved by the Joint Terminology Panel and the Defence Terminology Standardization Board].  4, record 1, English, - insurgency

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 DEF

Actions of an organized, often ideologically motivated, group or movement that seeks to effect or prevent political change within a country or a region through subversion, and that are focused on persuading or coercing the population through irregular activity. [Definition standardized by NATO].  5, record 1, English, - insurgency

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

insurgency: designation officially approved by the Joint Terminology Panel and the Defence Terminology Standardization Board.  6, record 1, English, - insurgency

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

insurgency; resistance: designations standardized by NATO and to be used by the Department of National Defence and the Canadian Forces.  6, record 1, English, - insurgency

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rébellion lancée par au moins un mouvement non étatique qui a recours à des moyens, dont la violence et la subversion, contre une autorité afin d'obtenir un changement politique. [Définition uniformisée par le Groupe d'experts en terminologie interarmées et le Conseil de normalisation de terminologie de la défense].  3, record 1, French, - insurrection

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 DEF

Actions menées par un groupe ou un mouvement organisé, souvent idéologiquement motivé, qui cherche à provoquer ou empêcher un changement politique dans un pays ou une région au moyen de la subversion, et axées sur la persuasion et la contrainte de la population par l'usage d'activités irrégulières. [Définition normalisée par l'OTAN].  4, record 1, French, - insurrection

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

insurrection : désignation uniformisée par le Groupe d'experts en terminologie interarmées et le Conseil de normalisation de terminologie de la défense.  5, record 1, French, - insurrection

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

insurrection; résistance : désignations normalisées par l'OTAN et d'usage obligatoire au ministère de la Défense nationale et dans les Forces canadiennes.  5, record 1, French, - insurrection

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rebelión incitada por al menos un movimiento no estatal que se sirve de recursos como la violencia contra una autoridad establecida para conseguir un cambio político.  2, record 1, Spanish, - insurrecci%C3%B3n

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Social epidemiology is a branch of epidemiology that focuses particularly on the effects of social-structural factors on states of health. Social epidemiology assumes that the distribution of advantages and disadvantages in a society reflects the distribution of health and disease. It proposes to identify societal characteristics that affect the pattern of disease and health distribution in a society and to understand its mechanisms. The central and initial question of social epidemiology to be answered is what effect do social factors have on individual and population health.  2, record 2, English, - social%20epidemiology

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] branche de l'épidémiologie qui cherche à comprendre comment la société et les différentes formes d'organisation sociale influencent la santé des populations et des individus qui les composent.  2, record 2, French, - %C3%A9pid%C3%A9miologie%20sociale

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

It is often useful to make a distinction between a "dose-effect" relationship, i. e. the graded response after exposure to varying doses of a toxicant, and a "dose-response" relationship, i. e. the incidence at which a "quantal" response occurs in a population exposed to varying doses of the toxicant.  2, record 3, English, - dose%2Dresponse

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The dose-response relationship is the relationship between the dose and the percentage of individuals showing a specific effect. With increasing dose a greater number of individuals in the exposed population will usually be affected.  3, record 3, English, - dose%2Dresponse

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Si la relation dose-effet correspond à la «relation entre la quantité de produit chimique absorbée et l'intensité d'un effet biologique de nature donnée chez un individu», la relation dose-réponse, correspond pour sa part à la «relation entre la quantité de produit chimique absorbée et la proportion d'individus d'un groupe présentant un effet de nature et d'intensité données».  2, record 3, French, - dose%2Dr%C3%A9ponse

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La relación dosis-respuesta es un concepto esencial en toxicología. Correlaciona las exposiciones con cambios en las funciones corporales o en la salud. En general, cuanto mayor es la dosis, más severa es la respuesta. La relación dosis-respuesta se basa en datos observados de estudios experimentales en animales, clínicos humanos o celulares.  1, record 3, Spanish, - dosis%2Drespuesta

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ecological studies measure variables at the level of populations(countries, provinces, etc.) rather than individuals. They are the appropriate design for studying the effect of a variable that acts at the population level, such as climate, an economic downturn, or the shortage of physicians. Like a survey, they can be descriptive or analytic.  3, record 4, English, - ecological%20study

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les études écologiques mesurent les variables au niveau de populations entières (pays, provinces) plutôt qu'au niveau individuel. Il s'agit du plan approprié pour étudier l'effet d'une variable qui agit sur l'ensemble de la population, comme le climat, un ralentissement économique ou une pénurie de médecins. Comme les enquêtes, ces études peuvent être descriptives ou analytiques.  2, record 4, French, - %C3%A9tude%20%C3%A9cologique

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The immigrant condition is characterised precisely by differences compared to the native-born population. The objective of policy is to ensure that over time, these differences are reduced and that social and economic outcomes of immigrants are similar to those observed for the non-immigrant population. Children of immigrants, however, are not necessarily immigrants themselves, and even those born abroad may have arrived at an early age. Still, the immigrant experience clearly has an effect on them, even when they have been fully educated in the host country.  2, record 5, English, - immigrant%20condition

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The act of pleading in favour of a cause, opinion or policy.  2, record 6, English, - advocacy

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Advocacy is a critical population health strategy to improve health equity. It combines individual, organizational and social actions to influence public policy and effect systemic change. Advocacy for health equity focuses on changing factors related to the social determinants of health.  2, record 6, English, - advocacy

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Action de défendre une cause, une opinion ou une politique.  1, record 6, French, - plaidoyer

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le plaidoyer est une stratégie essentielle employée en santé des populations pour améliorer l'équité en santé. Il fait appel à une combinaison d'actions sur les plans individuel, collectif et social afin d'influer sur certaines politiques publiques et d'opérer un changement systémique. Le plaidoyer pour l'équité en santé vise à modifier les facteurs liés aux déterminants sociaux de la santé.  1, record 6, French, - plaidoyer

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Inconstant catchability among individual fish has been widely recognized... as a major source of error in depletion estimates of population size when using models [that] assume constant catchability. Inconstant catchability is a feature of populations that contain individuals with different vulnerabilities to capture or when their behaviour changes with successive hauls. The effect is to cause a rapid depletion of the more vulnerable individuals after the first unit(or few units) of effort is applied, leaving behind a pool of animals with a lower [catchability].  2, record 7, English, - inconstant%20catchability

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The data obtained by [a] tag-recapture method are commonly used to evaluate the fish population dynamics and the effect of stock enhancement. However, to ensure the accuracy of the recapture data, it is necessary to choose the appropriate fish size for tagging.... In the first experiment, the effects of T-bar anchor tags on growth, survival and tag retention of... four size groups [of fish] were examined and the size-dependent effects on survival and tag retention were tested. In the second experiment, different mix ratios of tagged fish and untagged fish from two size groups... were set for simulated catching and the catching results were resampled.  1, record 8, English, - tag%2Drecapture%20method

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The population of a given species(biomass) that a culture chamber(... tank, pond, etc.) will support without negative effect on the animal population or the culture medium.  2, record 9, English, - holding%20capacity

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Nombre total d'individus d'une espèce ou d'une population animale (biomasse) qu'un récipient [(bassin, vivier, etc.)] peut contenir sans que les animaux ou le milieu de culture ne subissent de détérioration.  3, record 9, French, - capacit%C3%A9%20de%20stabulation

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

This chapter describes the behavior and timing of movements from seawater to freshwater in diadromous fishes, the physiological and endocrine changes that enable successful transition between the two environments, mechanisms for selecting freshwater habitats, and the effect of movement between seawater and freshwater on genetic population structure of diadromous species.  1, record 10, English, - diadromous%20species

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Espèce dont le cycle biologique se déroule en eau douce et en mer.  1, record 10, French, - esp%C3%A8ce%20diadrome

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Los diádromos son peces que migran entre agua dulce a agua salada.  1, record 10, Spanish, - especie%20di%C3%A1droma

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The estimation of the probable effect on population, forces and resources from a hypothetical nuclear attack.  1, record 11, English, - nuclear%20vulnerability%20assessment

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[The nuclear vulnerability assessment] is performed predominantly in the pre-attack period; however, it may be extended to the trans-attack or post-attack periods.  1, record 11, English, - nuclear%20vulnerability%20assessment

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 OBS

nuclear vulnerability assessment: designation and definition standardized by NATO.  2, record 11, English, - nuclear%20vulnerability%20assessment

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Estimation de l'effet probable d'une attaque nucléaire hypothétique, sur la population, les forces et les ressources.  1, record 11, French, - %C3%A9valuation%20de%20la%20vuln%C3%A9rabilit%C3%A9%20nucl%C3%A9aire

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[L'évaluation de la vulnérabilité nucléaire] est surtout effectuée avant l'attaque; elle peut cependant être poursuivie en cours d'attaque et même après.  1, record 11, French, - %C3%A9valuation%20de%20la%20vuln%C3%A9rabilit%C3%A9%20nucl%C3%A9aire

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 OBS

évaluation de la vulnérabilité nucléaire : désignation et définition normalisées par l'OTAN.  2, record 11, French, - %C3%A9valuation%20de%20la%20vuln%C3%A9rabilit%C3%A9%20nucl%C3%A9aire

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Estimación de los efectos probables de un ataque nuclear hipotético sobre la población, las tropas y los abastecimientos. Se hace preferentemente antes de producirse el ataque, pero también puede hacerse durante el ataque e incluso después de él.  1, record 11, Spanish, - evaluaci%C3%B3n%20de%20la%20vulnerabilidad%20nuclear

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The influence of two communities upon their adjoining margins or fringes, affecting the composition and density of the populations in these bordering areas, e.g., a forest edge bordering a grassland.  2, record 12, English, - edge%20effect

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In many cases, the number of species and the population density are greater within the ecotone than in the surrounding communities, a phenomenon known as the edge effect.  3, record 12, English, - edge%20effect

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Phénomène qui se produit lorsque de différents phénomènes physiques et biologiques, associés à des limites artificielles et abruptes de fragments d'habitats, altèrent la composition et la dynamique d'écosystèmes fragmentés.  4, record 12, French, - effet%20lisi%C3%A8re

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une étude de «l'effet lisière» devrait pouvoir dégager les normes à respecter lors d'un défrichement pour obtenir un rendement optimal : dimensions des clairières, des bandes de forêt, défrichement en damiers [...] - l'étude de l'effet lisière, gradient dans l'espace, comportera celle de l'évolution des sols et des cultures en fonction de leur éloignement.  5, record 12, French, - effet%20lisi%C3%A8re

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

lisière : Limite plus ou moins bien définie entre deux formations végétales ou éléments différents du milieu, par exemple l'effet de bordure d'un bois vis-à-vis d'un champ cultivé riverain.  6, record 12, French, - effet%20lisi%C3%A8re

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Influencia ejercida por dos comunidades en su zona de transición.  3, record 12, Spanish, - efecto%20de%20borde

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The nutritional status of an individual and/or a population depends on all the factors that have an effect on the food/health relationship. Food and nutrition surveillance systems keep track of the nutritional status of populations and their consumption of food in order to facilitate decision making in this area.  2, record 13, English, - food%20and%20nutrition%20surveillance%20system

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In small populations, demographic stochasticity will decrease the population growth rate, causing an effect similar to the allee effect which will increase the risk of population extinction.  2, record 14, English, - demographic%20stochasticity

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Demographic stochasticity results from chance independent events of individual mortality and reproduction, causing random fluctuations in population growth rate, primarily in small populations.  3, record 14, English, - demographic%20stochasticity

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Variation aléatoire des variables démographiques telles que les taux de natalité et de mortalité, le sex-ratio et la dispersion, relativement auxquelles certains individus d'une population sont négativement touchés, mais pas d'autres.  2, record 14, French, - stochasticit%C3%A9%20d%C3%A9mographique

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La stochasticité démographique cherche à prendre en compte sans l'étude de l'évolution spatiale et temporelle d'une population, la dimension aléatoire des évènements.  3, record 14, French, - stochasticit%C3%A9%20d%C3%A9mographique

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Rescue effect is the process by which a wildlife species may move through its range in a way that it mitigates a Canadian extirpation or population decline. For wildlife species whose distributions cross an international boundary of Canada or are otherwise shared with another country give the likelihood that dispersal from the foreign population will repopulate the Canadian population should the latter disappear or experience a decline.  2, record 15, English, - rescue%20effect

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

rescue effect: term used by Environment Canada.  3, record 15, English, - rescue%20effect

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une immigration de source externe est un processus par lequel une espèce sauvage peut se déplacer dans son aire de répartition, de telle sorte que la diminution d'une population ou la possibilité que l'espèce disparaisse au Canada soient atténuées. Dans le cas des espèces sauvages dont l'aire de répartition d'une espèce s'étend de part et d'autre d'une frontière internationale du Canada ou d'une frontière que le Canada partage avec un autre pays, donnez la probabilité que la dispersion de la population étrangère repeuple la population canadienne si celle-ci venait à disparaître ou à connaître un déclin.  1, record 15, French, - immigration%20de%20source%20externe

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

immigration de source externe : terme en usage à Environnement Canada.  2, record 15, French, - immigration%20de%20source%20externe

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A range of population levels of silverleaf whitefly Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring(previously b-strain sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)) was evaluated in 3 field experiments for effect on cantaloupe, Cucumis melo L., quality and yield.  2, record 16, English, - silverleaf%20whitefly

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Bemisia argentifolii (Bellows and Perring).  1, record 16, French, - aleurode%20Bemisia%20argentifolii

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Note that [the] correlation or association that way exist between... random variables does not necessarily imply cause and effect relationship, but only association.... statistical dependence by no means measures causality. A strong association or correlation may be discovered between automobile accidents, for example, and high school dropouts. One should not, therefore, consider that dropping out of high school increases accidents, nor that auto accidents encourage aversion to education; the parallel movement of these two variables, which is what correlation measures, may be due to increase in population.  3, record 17, English, - statistical%20dependence

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[La recherche des] liaisons possibles entre deux ou plusieurs variables, [afin de] déterminer si des rapports de dépendance existent entre elles.  2, record 17, French, - d%C3%A9pendance%20statistique

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dépendance absolue : Il y a dépendance absolue entre deux observations si l'une est totalement déterminée, quand l'autre l'est; elle s'exprime par une relation du type y = f(x), y étant bien déterminé quand x l'est; c'est pourquoi on parle aussi dans ce cas de liaison étroite, ou mieux encore de «relation fonctionnelle».  2, record 17, French, - d%C3%A9pendance%20statistique

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A statistical model in survival analysis that asserts that the effect of the study factors(e. g. the intervention of interest) on the hazard rate(the risk of occurrence of an event, such as death, at a point in time) in the study population is multiplicative and does not change over time.  1, record 18, English, - Cox%26rsquo%3Bs%20proportional%20hazards%20model

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cox’s proportional hazards model: term and definition standardized by the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Glossary English Editorial Board and the Translation Bureau.  2, record 18, English, - Cox%26rsquo%3Bs%20proportional%20hazards%20model

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Modèle statistique d’analyse de survie selon lequel le rapport de risque pour deux valeurs d’un facteur ne varie pas avec le temps.  1, record 18, French, - mod%C3%A8le%20de%20risques%20proportionnels%20de%20Cox

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Par exemple, si le facteur est l’intervention à l’étude, l’effet sur le risque de décès dans le groupe traité est un multiple constant dans le temps du taux de risque dans le groupe témoin.  1, record 18, French, - mod%C3%A8le%20de%20risques%20proportionnels%20de%20Cox

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 OBS

modèle de risques proportionnels de Cox; modèle de Cox : termes et définition normalisés par l'Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux (INESSS) et le Bureau de la traduction.  2, record 18, French, - mod%C3%A8le%20de%20risques%20proportionnels%20de%20Cox

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In a meta-analysis, a statistical model that takes only within-study variability into account in [the] assessment of the degree of uncertainty (confidence interval) of the combined effect from the studies.  1, record 19, English, - fixed%2Deffect%20model

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The fixed-effect model assumes that the units analysed are the units of interest and, consequently, that they make up the population of units. In such a model, variation between the estimates of effect from each study(heterogeneity) does not affect the confidence interval.  1, record 19, English, - fixed%2Deffect%20model

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

fixed-effect model: term and definition standardized by the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Glossary English Editorial Board and the Translation Bureau.  2, record 19, English, - fixed%2Deffect%20model

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dans une méta-analyse, modèle statistique ne tenant compte que de la variabilité intra-étude dans l’évaluation du degré d’incertitude (intervalle de confiance) de l’effet combiné des études.  1, record 19, French, - mod%C3%A8le%20%C3%A0%20effets%20fixes

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le modèle à effets fixes présuppose que les unités analysées sont les unités d’intérêt et constituent par conséquent la population d’unités. Dans un tel modèle, la variation entre les estimations de l’effet de chaque étude (hétérogénéité) n’influe pas sur l’intervalle de confiance.  1, record 19, French, - mod%C3%A8le%20%C3%A0%20effets%20fixes

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

modèle à effets fixes : terme et définition normalisés par l'Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux (INESSS) et le Bureau de la traduction.  2, record 19, French, - mod%C3%A8le%20%C3%A0%20effets%20fixes

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A type of bias due to an error in the estimation of the effect of an intervention because of the way in which the subjects were selected in the population of interest.  1, record 20, English, - selection%20bias

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

There is selection bias in cohort studies if the recruitment of the subjects who are exposed (not exposed) is linked to the presence of the disease. In case-control studies, selection bias occurs if the recruitment of the cases (controls) is linked to exposure to the factor of interest.  1, record 20, English, - selection%20bias

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 2 OBS

selection bias; patient selection bias: terms and definition standardized by the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Glossary English Editorial Board and the Translation Bureau.  2, record 20, English, - selection%20bias

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Biais dû à une erreur dans l’estimation de l’effet d’une intervention à cause de la façon dont les sujets ont été choisis dans la population étudiée.  1, record 20, French, - biais%20de%20s%C3%A9lection

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il y a biais de sélection dans les études de cohortes si le recrutement des sujets exposés (des sujets non exposés) est lié à la présence de la maladie, et dans les études cas/témoins, si le recrutement des cas (des témoins) est lié à l’exposition au facteur étudié.  1, record 20, French, - biais%20de%20s%C3%A9lection

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 2 OBS

biais de sélection des sujets; biais de sélection : termes et définition normalisés par l'Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux (INESSS) et le Bureau de la traduction.  2, record 20, French, - biais%20de%20s%C3%A9lection

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An analysis that excludes subjects who were not compliant with the intervention regimen (took prohibited concurrent treatments, for example).  2, record 21, English, - per%2Dprotocol%20analysis

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The population of interest is thus highly filtered and not influenced by factors that could dilute the effect of treatment. This form of analysis may therefore produce a larger estimate of treatment effect.  2, record 21, English, - per%2Dprotocol%20analysis

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 OBS

If done alone, [per protocol analysis] leads to bias.  1, record 21, English, - per%2Dprotocol%20analysis

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 3 OBS

per protocol: term and definition standardized by the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Glossary English Editorial Board and the Translation Bureau.  3, record 21, English, - per%2Dprotocol%20analysis

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Analyse d’où sont exclus les sujets qui n’ont pas respecté le protocole thérapeutique (ont pris des traitements concomitants interdits, par exemple).  1, record 21, French, - analyse%20selon%20le%20respect%20du%20protocole

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La population étudiée est ainsi très filtrée et ne subit pas l’influence de facteurs susceptibles de diluer l’effet du traitement. Cette forme d’analyse risque donc d’augmenter l’effet estimé du traitement.  1, record 21, French, - analyse%20selon%20le%20respect%20du%20protocole

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 OBS

analyse selon le respect du protocole; analyse par protocole : termes et définition normalisés par l'Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux (INESSS) et le Bureau de la traduction.  2, record 21, French, - analyse%20selon%20le%20respect%20du%20protocole

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The substantial genetic correlation of size and timing of return that we observe... could have consequences for harvest management. Alexandersdottir(1987) reviewed evidence that selection with respect to timing has had detrimental effects on pink salmon productivity in some fisheries. Our data suggest that selection against later returning fish could have the correlated effect of reducing the individual size of fish in the population.  2, record 22, English, - correlated%20effect

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A central objective of population ecology is to understand how populations are spatially structured. An informative way of looking at this is to describe how species abundance varies temporally and spatially and then to identify the mechanisms that can cause synchrony.... Two principal mechanisms have been identified as the possible cause of spatial synchrony. First, dispersal between spatially structured populations... and second, the correlated effect of density independent factors that synchronise populations with the same density dependent structure...  1, record 22, English, - correlated%20effect

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Genetically usable variation.  3, record 22, English, - correlated%20effect

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Hydraulic sites are usually far from large centers of population, and thus the electric energy produced must be transported through costly networks. Another disadvantageous aspect is the negative effect that the creation of a reservoir can have on the environment...  2, record 23, English, - hydraulic%20site

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Or le site d'une centrale hydraulique est imposé par la nature, et se trouve parfois très éloigné des centres d'utilisation. [...] En revanche, la centrale hydraulique ne consomme rien.  2, record 23, French, - site%20hydraulique

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Es muy importante conocer la potencia y energía utilizables de un salto de agua. Para ello se necesitan datos sobre las condiciones hidrológicas e hidrodinámicas del área de su emplazamiento.  1, record 23, Spanish, - %C3%A1rea%20hidr%C3%A1ulica

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Social facts should be considered as things-in Durkheim's view, they are things, meaning they are "sui generis, "peculiar in their characteristics : they are the effect or creation of human activities, actions or agency... Social facts offer resistance to individuals’ will; they exert power over individuals’ beliefs, forms of consciousness, behavior and cannot be modified by individuals’ actions or changes in their beliefs, consciousness, attitudes... Examples of social facts : institutions, statuses, roles, laws, beliefs, population distribution, urbanization, etc.  2, record 24, English, - social%20fact

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Phénomène qui existe en dehors de l'individu - plus précisément, au niveau social - et qui, de ce fait, s'impose à lui.  2, record 24, French, - fait%20social

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Plausible values are constructed explicitly to provide consistent estimates of population effects even though they are not generally unbiased estimates of the proficiencies of the individuals with whom they are associated  1, record 25, English, - population%20effects

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Information obtained from Statistics Canada.  2, record 25, English, - population%20effects

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les valeurs plausibles sont construites explicitement pour fournir des estimations cohérentes des effets de la population même si elles sont généralement des estimations biaisées des capacités démontrées par les personnes auxquelles elles sont associées.  2, record 25, French, - effets%20de%20la%20population

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les renseignements proviennent de Statistique Canada.  2, record 25, French, - effets%20de%20la%20population

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Stationary nuclear Overhauser effect. NMR [nuclear magnetic resonance] spectroscopy based on the nuclear Overhauser effect(NOE) between dipolar coupled nuclei is one of the most commonly used techniques to determine the spatial structure of proteins. Generally speaking the NOE describes the transfer of spin polarization from one spin population to another. The magnitude of the NOE highly depends on the distance between the dipolar coupled spins such that it can be used to determine interatomar distances within molecules.  1, record 26, English, - %20stationary%20nuclear%20Overhauser%20effect

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The highest concentration of a contaminant used in a toxicity test that has, relative to a control, no statistically significant adverse effect on the exposed population of test organisms.  2, record 27, English, - no%2Dobserved%2Deffect%20concentration

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

no-observed-effect concentration: term used by Environment Canada.  3, record 27, English, - no%2Dobserved%2Deffect%20concentration

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Concentration la plus forte de contaminant qui ne cause aucun effet nocif statistiquement significatif dans la population exposée d'organismes soumis à l'essai par comparaison avec des témoins.  2, record 27, French, - concentration%20sans%20effet%20observ%C3%A9

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

concentration sans effet observé : terme en usage à Environnement Canada.  3, record 27, French, - concentration%20sans%20effet%20observ%C3%A9

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Concentración [más alta] probada, en la que el (los) parámetro(s) medido(s) no muestra(n) una inhibición significativa del crecimiento con relación a los valores del control.  1, record 27, Spanish, - concentraci%C3%B3n%20sin%20efecto%20observable

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A large, relatively dust-free, spherical region surrounding a spiral galaxy, such as our own [Milky Way].  3, record 28, English, - galactic%20halo

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The inner, visible part of the halo, which has roughly the same diameter as the galactic disk, is occupied by Population II objects, including globular clusters and old, individual stars. Beyond this is a much larger region, called the dark halo or extended halo, containing large amounts of dark matter, the presence of which is revealed by its gravitational effect on the galaxy's rotation. The nature of galactic dark matter is still undetermined but the most popular theory, supported by some recent observations, is that the dark halo is home to vast numbers of small, unseen bodies known as MACHOs.  3, record 28, English, - galactic%20halo

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le halo galactique est une région de l'espace entourant les galaxies spirales, et notamment notre Galaxie, la Voie lactée. On pense que le halo galactique est principalement constitué d'étoiles, de gaz et de matière noire. Dans une galaxie elliptique, il n'y a pas de transition nette entre le corps de la galaxie et le halo.  2, record 28, French, - halo%20galactique

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The statistically derived concentration of a toxicant that can be expected to cause a defined non-lethal effect in 50 per cent of the given population of organisms under defined conditions.  3, record 29, English, - median%20effective%20concentration

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

EC₅₀  4, record 29, English, - median%20effective%20concentration

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dans un essai biologique, concentration à laquelle se produit chez 50 % de la population, pour une durée d'exposition donnée, un effet décelable.  1, record 29, French, - concentration%20efficace%20moyenne

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Détermination de la concentration qui, dans les conditions standard, inhibe la locomotion de 50 % des individus d'une population de Daphnies jeunes en 24 ou 48 heures. Ces «concentrations efficaces» sont dénommées respectivement CE 50 - 24 h et CE 50 - 48 h.  4, record 29, French, - concentration%20efficace%20moyenne

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

CE₅₀  5, record 29, French, - concentration%20efficace%20moyenne

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Concentración estadísticamente derivada de un tóxico que, según se puede pronosticar, causará un efecto letal no definido en 50% de una población dada de organismos bajo condiciones definidas.  1, record 29, Spanish, - concentraci%C3%B3n%20efectiva%20media

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La concentración efectiva demuestra que causa una disminución de luz del 50%, conocida como EC50, se usa como indicador de la medida de ecotoxicidad.  5, record 29, Spanish, - concentraci%C3%B3n%20efectiva%20media

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Según este bioensayo de luminiscencia se considera que un residuo es ecotóxico si su lixiviado presenta una EC50 (15°C, 15 min.) inferior o igual a 3.000 mg/l.  5, record 29, Spanish, - concentraci%C3%B3n%20efectiva%20media

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Even when fertility drops to replacement level among women of child-bearing age a country's population does not immediately cease to grow since a younger generation has still to reach child bearing age. The result growth is known as the momentum effect.  1, record 30, English, - momentum%20effect

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Renseignement obtenu de la part de fécondité, démographie, Statistique Canada.  1, record 30, French, - effet%20d%27inertie

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A mathematical adjustment of the number of individuals in a population based on the distribution of reproductive success.  1, record 31, English, - effective%20population%20size

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Effective population size is used to calculate, the effect of genetic drift or rate of inbreeding, etc.  1, record 31, English, - effective%20population%20size

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

effective population size: term used by Environment Canada.  2, record 31, English, - effective%20population%20size

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Ensemble d']individus aptes à la reproduction à l'exclusion des individus dont la reproduction est empêchée dans la nature pour des raisons d'environnement et de comportement, ou autres.  2, record 31, French, - taille%20effective%20de%20la%20population

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

taille effective de la population : terme en usage à Environnement Canada.  3, record 31, French, - taille%20effective%20de%20la%20population

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The results of epidemiological studies obviously depend on the comparisons made between the cases and control groups used. If the groups are not well matched, the results will not be meaningful. For this reason cases and control groups may be matched for age, sex and race, as well as lifestyle factors like smoking and alcohol consumption. Occupational groups very often have lower total mortality than the general population as the latter includes people unable to work due to illness or disability. In other words, any group of workers is likely to be more healthy than the population as a whole, a phenomenon known as the "healthy worker effect. "  2, record 32, English, - healthy%20worker%20effect

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Effet du travailleur bien portant (healthy worker effect) : Fait référence au fait que les travailleurs affichent généralement des taux de mortalité inférieurs à ceux observés dans la population en général, parce que les personnes gravement malades ou handicapées sont habituellement exclues de la population active. Les taux de mortalité s'appliquant à l'ensemble de la population peuvent donc constituer un facteur de comparaison inadéquat lorsqu'on ne tient pas compte de cet effet.  2, record 32, French, - effet%20du%20travailleur%20en%20bonne%20sant%C3%A9

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Efecto del trabajador sano: Los trabajadores son más sanos y tienen por ejemplo mejor función pulmonar que la población general.  3, record 32, Spanish, - efecto%20del%20trabajador%20sano

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Not to be confused with "statistical power" which is the probability of getting a statistically significant result given that there is a biologically real effect in the population being studied.  2, record 33, English, - power%20analysis

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Type d'analyse utilisée en surveillance de l'environnement.  1, record 33, French, - analyse%20de%20puissance

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The probability of getting a statistically significant result given that there is a biologically real effect in the population being studied.  2, record 34, English, - statistical%20power

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... with a statistical power of 90%.  1, record 34, English, - statistical%20power

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Termes utilisés couramment dans les tests statistiques, par exemple en épidémiologie.  1, record 34, French, - efficacit%C3%A9%20statistique

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Of the Health Policy Working Paper Series, by Ilene Hyman, 2001, vii, 89 pages. The purpose of this report is to review research on the health determinants of health of Canadian immigrants and to discuss the implications of this research for policy makers. Specific attention is placed on reviewing evidence of the healthy immigrant effect. The healthy immigrant effect refers to the observation that immigrants are often in superior health to the native-born population when they first arrive in a new country, by lose this health advantage over time.  1, record 35, English, - Immigration%20and%20Health

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

De la Série de documents de travail sur les politiques de santé, par Ilene Hyman, 2001, viii, 101 pages. L'objectif du présent rapport est de passer en revue les recherches effectuées sur la santé et les déterminants de la santé chez les immigrants canadiens et d'examiner les répercussions de ces travaux pour les décideurs. Une attention particulière est apportée aux éléments de preuve corroborant l'hypothèse de l'«effet de l'immigrant en bonne santé». La notion d'effet de l'immigrant en bonne santé découle de l'observation selon laquelle les immigrants à leur arrivée dans leur pays d'accueil sont souvent en meilleure santé que les natifs de celui-ci, mais perdent cet avantage avec le temps.  1, record 35, French, - Immigration%20et%20sant%C3%A9

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

EC; effect concentration : This [toxicological value] is generally followed by a number, which indicates the percentage of a population which experience the effect.  2, record 36, English, - effect%20concentration

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Typical levels are EC 10, EC 25, EC 50, EC 75, EC 100. NOEC: No observable effect concentration; LOEC: Lowest observable effect concentration.  3, record 36, English, - effect%20concentration

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Developing Hormosira banksii embryos, used as bioassays in toxicity studies, identified ammonium as a toxicant in secondary treated sewage effluent discharged at Boags Rocks, Victoria, Australia. Ammonium did not affect fertilization but had a significant effect on germination at 48 h and cell division at 72 h with most damage occurring in the first 48 h. Ammonium showed a similar effect as whole effluent(when expressed as mg N l^-1 ammonium), sampled in June, September and November 1997, on developing H. banksii embryos. This similarity is further confirmed with comparable EC₅₀(concentration causing an effect on 50% of the population tested) and LOEC(lowest observable effect concentration) values. Mean EC₅₀ values for the ammonium bioassays were 3. 19 mg N l^-1 for germination and 6. 14 mg N l^-1 for cell division.  4, record 36, English, - effect%20concentration

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Effect concentration low (ECL), median effect concentration (EC50), lowest observable effect concentration (LOEC), no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC), threshold effect concentration (TEC).  5, record 36, English, - effect%20concentration

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Concentration entraînant un effet à long terme.  2, record 36, French, - concentration%20effective

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Concentration minimale produisant un effet.  3, record 36, French, - concentration%20effective

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Évaluation du rapport dose (concentration)-réponse (effet). L'objectif est de déterminer la concentration en dessous de laquelle la substance ne devrait pas avoir d'effets indésirables sur la composante de l'environnement considérée. Cette concentration est dénommée concentration prévue sans effet (PNEC). Toutefois, il se peut que dans certains cas il ne soit pas possible d'établir une PNEC et il faut alors effectuer une estimation qualitative de la relation dose (concentration)-réponse (effet). Pour calculer la PNEC, on peut appliquer un facteur d'évaluation aux valeurs provenant des essais effectués sur les organismes, par exemple à la DL50 (dose létale médiane), à la CL50 (concentration létale médiane), à la CE50 (concentration effective médiane), à la CI50 (concentration provoquant cinquante pour cent d'inhibition d'un paramètre donné, par exemple la croissance), au NOEL(C) (dose (concentration) sans effet observé), au LOEL(C) (dose (concentration) entraînant l'effet observé le plus faible) ou d'autres méthodes appropriées.  4, record 36, French, - concentration%20effective

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

We tested the hypothesis that multiphasic, low-dose monophasic, and high-dose monophasic oral contraceptives share a common protective effect against functional ovarian cysts. STUDY DESIGN : we conducted a cohort study using the automatic files of Maine Medicaid to assemble a population of 7462 women between the ages of 15 and 44 who were prescribed an oral contraceptive between Jan. 1, 1987, and Dec. 31, 1988. We included as cases 32 women with a principal diagnosis of a functional ovarian cyst confirmed by medical records as being 20 mm in diameter.  1, record 37, English, - functional%20ovarian%20cyst

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Spontaneous rupture of a functional ovarian cyst due to microdose progestogens.  1, record 37, English, - functional%20ovarian%20cyst

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Lorsque leur dosage est correctement adapté à chaque utilisatrice, les estroprogestatifs permettent la réduction des kystes ovariens fonctionnels et de l'incidence des cancers de l'ovaire.  1, record 37, French, - kyste%20ovarien%20fonctionnel

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Rupture spontanée d'un kyste fonctionnel ovarien dû à un progestatif microdose.  2, record 37, French, - kyste%20ovarien%20fonctionnel

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A material which exhibits synergism, the joint action of different agents so that the total effect is greater than the sum of the independent effects. Example : Pesticide X kills 40% of an insect population, Pesticide Y kills 20%. When applied together, X and Y kill 95%.  3, record 38, English, - synergist

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Synergists or Activators. Synergists are not in themselves considered toxic or insecticidal, but are materials used with insecticides to synergize or enhance the activity of the insecticides.  4, record 38, English, - synergist

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

According to some authors, activators not only behave synergically but also can accelerate the effect of a pesticide.  5, record 38, English, - synergist

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Produit qui renforce les effets d'un autre produit.  4, record 38, French, - synergiste

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 DEF

[...] substance chimique dont l'association avec un produit antiparasitaire (le plus souvent un insecticide) provoque un effet supérieur à celui attendu de la superposition des propriétés de chacun des constituants pris isolément [...]  3, record 38, French, - synergiste

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Certains insecticides ont leur activité renforcée par des substances appelées synergistes qui [...] sont dépourvues elles-mêmes de propriétés insecticides.  5, record 38, French, - synergiste

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La synergie est ici l'amélioration de l'efficacité d'un produit par le fait de son association avec un autre produit.  3, record 38, French, - synergiste

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Sustancia que provoca la acción de otra o que multiplica el efecto de otros.  1, record 38, Spanish, - activador

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The secondary growth of settlements and infrastructure, resulting from a project.  3, record 39, English, - induced%20development%20effect

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In 1886 iron and steel magnate Henry Fairfield DeBardeleben founded the City of Bessemer. DeBardeleben's dream was to make the City a steel center that would attract companies and people from all over the United States.... The dream of Henry DeBardeleben began to take shape and the town experienced a boomtown effect. Within only a few months the city's population reached a total of 1, 000 citizens. In less than two years the population soared to 4, 000. The cities growth was so phenomenal that it was nicknamed the "Marvel City".  4, record 39, English, - induced%20development%20effect

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ville champignon, qui se développe très vite.  2, record 39, French, - effet%20champignon

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The determination of the damage effect to the population, forces and resources resulting from actual nuclear attack. It is performed during and after an attack. The operational significance of the damage is not evaluated in this assessment.  2, record 40, English, - nuclear%20damage%20assessment

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

nuclear damage assessment: term and definition standardized by NATO.  3, record 40, English, - nuclear%20damage%20assessment

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Détermination des dommages subis par la population, les forces et les ressources à la suite d'une attaque nucléaire. Elle est effectuée en cours d'attaque et après l'attaque. Elle ne comporte pas l'évaluation de l'importance opérationnelle des effets de cette attaque nucléaire.  2, record 40, French, - %C3%A9valuation%20de%20dommages%20nucl%C3%A9aires

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

évaluation de dommages nucléaires : terme et définition normalisés par l'OTAN.  3, record 40, French, - %C3%A9valuation%20de%20dommages%20nucl%C3%A9aires

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Evaluación de daños sobre la población, las fuerzas y los abastecimientos consecuencia de un ataque nuclear. Se puede llevar a cabo durante el ataque o después de él. No se evalúa la incidencia sobre la operatividad.  1, record 40, Spanish, - evaluaci%C3%B3n%20de%20los%20da%C3%B1os%20nucleares

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Genetic variation in seed yield and its components was investigated in alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) in two experiments established in a spaced plant design. The first experiment evaluated the among-population genetic variation in a set of 45 cultivated populations. It showed a significant population effect for all the characters evaluated with a different behavior among the Mediterranean and the Nordic materials while the population x year interaction was only significant for the seed yield per plant.  2, record 41, English, - seed%20yield

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Variabilité génétique intra- et inter-population pour le rendement grainier et ses composantes chez la luzerne. Deux essais ont été implantés, en plante isolées, pour évaluer la variabilité génétique pour le rendement grainier et ses composantes chez la luzerne (Medicago sativa L.). Le premier essai a mis en évidence une variabilité génétique inter-population au sein d'un ensemble de 45 populations cultivées pour toutes les composantes évaluées avec un comportement différent des types nordiques et des types méditerranéens. L'interaction année x population n'est significative que pour le rendement et le nombre de graines par plante [...].  2, record 41, French, - rendement%20en%20grains

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

recognition of insurgency.... states may decide to recognise the rebels as "insurgents". This applies as much where the rebels’ object is to establish a new state as where they aim at the overthrow and replacement of the government of an existing state. Such recognition has the sole effect of absolving the recognising state from treating the rebels as law-breakers : the legitimate government is still owed all the rights(and still owes all the duties) that the government of a state habitually exercises over its territory and population.  1, record 42, English, - recognition%20of%20insurgency

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[La reconnaissance d'insurrection] intervient lorsqu'un soulèvement maritime a pris les proportions d'une véritable guerre civile, entreprise par des chefs responsables dans un but politique. Sa portée reste extrêmement réduite, car elle n'entraîne aucune reconnaissance de belligérance au profit des insurgés, qui en peuvent exercer ni le droit de visite ni le blocus. Elle a deux effets essentiels : a) pour une raison d'humanité les rebelles reconnus comme insurgés devront être traités par le gouvernement légal non comme pirates ou comme délinquants, mais comme prisonniers de guerre; b) les actes des insurgés cesseront d'engager la responsabilité internationale du gouvernement légal et deviendront par eux-mêmes une source d'obligations à l'égard des États tiers.  1, record 42, French, - reconnaissance%20d%27insurrection

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Exclusivement justifiée par des considérations d'ordre humanitaire et par les exigences de la protection des intérêts étrangers, [la reconnaissance d'insurrection] n'a pas de contenu juridique déterminé et elle a même dégénéré dans la pratique, celle-ci l'ayant plus d'une fois étendue à des insurrections de caractère terrestre.  1, record 42, French, - reconnaissance%20d%27insurrection

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The parasitic fungus Beauveria was the most novel practice, and the main form of biological control tested in the project. The fungus, which is native to the Andes but usually not found at population densities high enough to be an effective form of control, is mixed into the soil where potatoes are stored on the ground. The fungus attacks weevils when they emerge from the tubers to pupate in the ground. The fungus is easy to apply and is similar to the traditional use of ash to combat insect infestations in farmers’ stores. The effect of the parasitic fungus on the pest is highly visible; therefore, farmers were quick to comprehend the efficacy of this practice(Torres et al., 1993).  1, record 43, English, - parasitic%20fungus

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] champignons parasites, les insectes, les araignées rouges, les anguillules et les virus qui sont à l'origine de sérieuses pertes de récoltes.  2, record 43, French, - champignon%20parasite

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The poor hatching rates had an effect on net productivity, which must be at least 67% for a Northern Gannet population to maintain itself; from 1966 to 1974 productivity was only 29.  1, record 44, English, - hatching%20rate

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ce faible taux d'éclosion avait une incidence certaine sur la productivité nette, qui doit être d'au moins 67 % pour qu'une population de Fous de Bassan puisse se maintenir.  1, record 44, French, - taux%20d%27%C3%A9closion

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Clause in subsection 23(3) of the Constitution Act, 1982 to the effect that the right of Canadian citizens under the other provisions of section 23 to have their children receive school instruction in the language of the English or French minority population of a province applies wherever, in the province, the number of children of citizens who have such a right is sufficient to warrant the provision to them, out of public founds, of minority language instruction and includes, where the number of those children so warrants, the right for them to receive that instruction in the minority language educational facilities provided out of public funds.  2, record 45, English, - where%20numbers%20warrant%20clause

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Clause du paragraphe 23(3) de la Loi constitutionnelle de 1982 voulant que le droit reconnu aux citoyens canadiens par les autres dispositions de l'article 23 de faire instruire leurs enfants dans la langue de la minorité francophone ou anglophone d'une province s'exerce partout dans la province où le nombre des enfants des citoyens qui ont ce droit est suffisant pour justifier à leur endroit la prestation, sur les fonds publics, de l'instruction dans la langue de la minorité et comprend, lorsque le nombre de ces enfants le justifie, le droit des les faire instruire dans des établissements d'enseignement de la minorité linguistique financés sur les fonds publics.  2, record 45, French, - disposition%20d%27assujettissement%20%C3%A0%20la%20justification%20par%20le%20nombre

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Population moderation. This ecological function of organisms is a specialized subset of herbivory and carnivory. The recognition of population moderation as an ecological function identifies not only the mere presence of herbivores and carnivores, but the special major effect that activities of selected herbivores and carnivores have upon relative abundance of species that they weaken, kill and/or eat.  1, record 46, English, - population%20moderation

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La reconnaissance de la régulation des populations comme fonction écologique témoigne non seulement de la présence même des herbivores et des carnivores, mais aussi de l'ampleur de l'influence que certains d'entre eux exercent sur l'abondance relative des espèces qu'ils affaiblissent, tuent et/ou dévorent.  1, record 46, French, - r%C3%A9gulation%20des%20populations

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"Boom-and bust" cycles-the term is due to Suneson(1960)-follow from the cyclical failure of VR genes to deter newly evolved pathotypes. Given that an effective VR gene(...) forbids the recognition of any underlying HR, it follows that VR varieties will, on average, have the mean HR of the breeding population. If this is low, as it usually is, then the VR "boom" is followed by the "bust" due to the "vertifolia effect".  1, record 47, English, - boom%2Dand%2Dbust%20cycle

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les cycles d'explosion et de détente découlent de la nature cyclique des gènes de résistance verticale qui permettent l'apparition de nouveaux pathotypes ... Si [le niveau de résistance horizontale de la population] est basse, comme c'est le cas habituellement, l'explosion de résistance verticale sera suivie d'une détente due à l'effet de Vertifolia.  1, record 47, French, - cycle%20d%27explosion%20et%20de%20d%C3%A9tente

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The appraisal of the effect of an attack on the population.  1, record 48, English, - casualty%20estimation

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Term officially recognized by the Emergency Preparedness Committee.  2, record 48, English, - casualty%20estimation

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Appréciation des effets d'une attaque sur la population.  2, record 48, French, - estimation%20du%20nombre%20des%20victimes

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme adopté par le comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie de la protection civile.  1, record 48, French, - estimation%20du%20nombre%20des%20victimes

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Aside from normal seasonal and yearly fluctuations in most population levels which must be considered in establishing time boundaries, biological time lags between the imposition of an impact and its ultimate expression in the dynamics of an affected population are of prime importance. For sublethal effect on adults, the period between birth and the age of first reproduction may represent to the minimum time lag between perturbation and measurable response in the population. For short-lived and fast-reproducing species, this time lag would be compatible with most assessment time frames. However, the time boundary for long-lived and slow-reproducing species may have to be greatly protracted.  1, record 49, English, - slow%2Dreproducing%20species

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A moderate impact affects a portion of a population and may bring about a change in abundance and/or distribution over one or more generations, but does not threaten the integrity of that population or any population dependent upon it. A short-term effect upon the well-being of resource users may also constitute a moderate impact.  1, record 50, English, - integrity%20of%20a%20population

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A moderate impact affects a portion of a population and may bring about a change in abundance and/or distribution over one or more generations, but does not threaten the integrity of that population or any population dependent upon it. A short-term effect upon the well-being of resource users may also constitute a moderate impact.  1, record 51, English, - moderate%20impact

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les impacts s'évaluent du point de vue de leur durée (à court, à moyen, à long terme; temporaire, permanente, etc.), de leur importance (forte, faible, positive, négative, bénéfique, nuisible, etc.) et de leur envergure (locale, régionale, etc.).  3, record 51, French, - incidence%20moyenne

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The totality of factors presently existing which may be expected to have an adverse effect on the future incidence of ill health in a population.  2, record 52, English, - disease%20potential

Record 52,  Textual support,  French

Record 52,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 53,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 OBS

disease potential : The totality of factors presently existing which may be expected to have an adverse effect on the future incidence of ill health in a population.  2, record 53, English, - human%20disease%2Dcausing%20potential

Record 53,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Rapport hebdomadaire des maladies au Canada.  2, record 53, French, - potentiellement%20pathog%C3%A8nes%20pour%20l%27homme

Record 53,  Textual support,  Spanish