TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Synthetic gene drives are a new form of genetic engineering that overcomes the normal rules of inheritance, and which may allow the deliberate eradication or modification of species and populations in the wild. Gene drives distort the process of inheritance so that the probability of particular genes—and thus specific traits—being passed on is increased substantially above the usual 50%(known as the Mendelian rule of inheritance). Over the course of several generations, genes with higher inheritance rates will rapidly spread through a breeding population... Thus, in theory at least, a gene drive can be employed to force genetic changes into an entire population.  4, record 1, English, - synthetic%20gene%20drive

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

gene drive: In English, a differentiation is sometimes made between a synthetic gene drive, a bioengineered process, and a natural gene drive, a natural process of inheritance. Consequently, it may be preferable to use the designations "synthetic gene drive" and "engineered gene drive" when referring to the bioengineered process.  5, record 1, English, - synthetic%20gene%20drive

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé qui consiste à modifier la transmission héréditaire de certains gènes par génie génétique afin d'agir, au cours des générations, sur la composition de populations.  3, record 1, French, - for%C3%A7age%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il s'agit en effet de violer les fameuses lois de Mendel pour répandre un caractère donné dans l'ensemble d'une population. Lors de la reproduction sexuée, un caractère porté sur un chromosome d'un des deux parents n'a qu'une chance sur deux d'être transmis à la génération suivante. Le forçage génétique ­consiste à dépasser ce seuil et transmettre ce caractère à 100 % de la descendance.  4, record 1, French, - for%C3%A7age%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

guidage génétique : désignation et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 28 mars 2018.  5, record 1, French, - for%C3%A7age%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... any one of a number of asteroids that occupy a stable Lagrangian point in a planet’s orbit around the Sun.  3, record 2, English, - Trojan%20asteroid

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In theory, any planet can have Trojan asteroids, but in practice the powerful gravitational pull of Jupiter means that it absolutely dominates the Trojan population.  4, record 2, English, - Trojan%20asteroid

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les troyens représentent une classe d'astéroïdes qui partagent la même orbite qu'une planète, ils se situent juste devant ou juste derrière elle. Ils ne risquent cependant pas d'entrer en collision avec l'astre qu'ils précèdent ou poursuivent, car leurs orbites sont considérées comme stables.  1, record 2, French, - ast%C3%A9ro%C3%AFde%20troyen

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La majorité des astéroïdes troyens se trouvent sur l'orbite de Jupiter.  2, record 2, French, - ast%C3%A9ro%C3%AFde%20troyen

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A theory of neutron transport in which all neutrons of a population are assumed to belong to the same neutron energy group.  1, record 3, English, - one%2Dgroup%20theory

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

one-group theory: term and definition standardized by ISO.  2, record 3, English, - one%2Dgroup%20theory

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Théorie du transport des neutrons dans laquelle tous les neutrons d'une population sont supposés appartenir au même groupe de neutrons.  1, record 3, French, - th%C3%A9orie%20%C3%A0%20un%20groupe

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

théorie à un groupe : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO.  2, record 3, French, - th%C3%A9orie%20%C3%A0%20un%20groupe

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A large, relatively dust-free, spherical region surrounding a spiral galaxy, such as our own [Milky Way].  3, record 4, English, - galactic%20halo

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The inner, visible part of the halo, which has roughly the same diameter as the galactic disk, is occupied by Population II objects, including globular clusters and old, individual stars. Beyond this is a much larger region, called the dark halo or extended halo, containing large amounts of dark matter, the presence of which is revealed by its gravitational effect on the galaxy's rotation. The nature of galactic dark matter is still undetermined but the most popular theory, supported by some recent observations, is that the dark halo is home to vast numbers of small, unseen bodies known as MACHOs.  3, record 4, English, - galactic%20halo

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le halo galactique est une région de l'espace entourant les galaxies spirales, et notamment notre Galaxie, la Voie lactée. On pense que le halo galactique est principalement constitué d'étoiles, de gaz et de matière noire. Dans une galaxie elliptique, il n'y a pas de transition nette entre le corps de la galaxie et le halo.  2, record 4, French, - halo%20galactique

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The theory of population replacement treats population as a renewable resource in the mathematical sense of the term.... In the study of replacement a number of indices, replacement rates or reproduction rates are used. Reproduction rates are generally female reproduction rates.  1, record 7, English, - reproduction%20rate

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Indice qui mesure dans quelles conditions s'effectue le remplacement des générations.  1, record 7, French, - taux%20de%20reproduction

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ce remplacement peut être étudié à un âge donné et l'on calcule alors les taux de reproduction à l'âge x dont le plus utilisé est le taux de reproduction à la naissance couramment appelé taux net de reproduction; il peut être étudié de façon plus globale à l'aide du taux de reproduction des années vécues.  1, record 7, French, - taux%20de%20reproduction

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

En demografía, el número promedio de hijos que tienen las mujeres en edad de procrear en un determinado país.  1, record 7, Spanish, - tasa%20de%20reemplazo

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La tasa de reemplazo, necesaria para mantener a la larga el volumen de población, se sitúa en 2,3 hijos por mujer. Por debajo de ese guarismo, se inicia la tendencia al crecimiento cero de la población.  1, record 7, Spanish, - tasa%20de%20reemplazo

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Theory proposed by Malthus claiming that population growth is a geometrical progression and food supply an arithmetic progression that will invariably lead to periodical shortage and crisis.  2, record 8, English, - malthusianism

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Scientific discoveries, increased productivity and birth control measures have contributed to overcome initial pessimism.  2, record 8, English, - malthusianism

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

malthusianism: term, definition and observation reproduced from the CAPITAL Dictionary with permission of LID Editorial Empresarial.  3, record 8, English, - malthusianism

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Théorie proposée par Malthus qui supposait que la croissance de la population suivrait une progression géométrique et celle des aliments une progression arithmétique, en entraînant périodiquement des pénuries et des crises.  2, record 8, French, - malthusianisme

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les découvertes scientifiques, l'augmentation de la productivité et le contrôle démographique ont permis de vaincre ce pessimisme.  2, record 8, French, - malthusianisme

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

malthusianisme : terme, définition et observation extraits du CAPITAL Dictionary et reproduits avec l'autorisation de LID Editorial Empresarial.  3, record 8, French, - malthusianisme

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Teoría propuesta por Malthus que suponía que el crecimiento de la población seguiría una progresión geométrica y el de los alimentos una progresión aritmética, dando lugar a escasez y crisis periódicas.  1, record 8, Spanish, - maltusianismo

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Los descubrimientos científicos, el aumento de la productividad y el control demográfico han permitido superar su pesimismo.  1, record 8, Spanish, - maltusianismo

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

maltusianismo: término, definición y observación extraídos del CAPITAL Business Dictionary con la autorización de LID Editorial Empresarial.  2, record 8, Spanish, - maltusianismo

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Chaos theory is a relatively new field which studies the complicated dynamics that may reside in even very simple mathematical models. Researchers believe that chaos theory offers a mathematical framework for understanding much of the noise and turbulence that is seen in experimental science. Phenomena as diverse as weather patterns, population dynamics, chemical reactions, and laser optics, sport, chaotic features that the theory may shed light on. Even the simple pendulum can be "kicked" into displaying chaotic behavior.  4, record 9, English, - science%20of%20chaos

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Nouvel ensemble de croyances scientifiques (paradigme) soumis ces vingt dernières années à l'examen théorique et expérimental en physique, chimie, mathématiques, biologie, astronomie, économie, psychologie et bien d'autres disciplines. Il postule, contrairement aux principes fondamentaux du déterminisme, que les systèmes complexes peuvent engendrer des comportements simples, que les systèmes simples peuvent avoir des comportement complexes et que les lois de la complexité sont universelles nonobstant les différences de détail ou de composition des systèmes considérés.  2, record 9, French, - chaologie

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Theory describing the rate at which an individual organization or population takes from becoming aware of a problem to actually doing something about it.  1, record 10, English, - diffusion%20adoption%20theory

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Until this decade, Canadian economists and officials have been content to explain regional decline and fall on the basis of the "staple theory".... According to this approach, regions rise, and draw in new population and capital, when new locally-oriented products(such as furs, wheat, pulp) gain access to the world market. These regions later decline when these raw materials are depleted, their markets disappear, or improved competing sources can sell in world markets at lower prices.  1, record 11, English, - staple%20theory

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The theory which is involved with drawing samples which are representative of a population.  1, record 12, English, - sampling%20theory

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Show how diminishing returns and countertendencies are linked with the theory of optimum population.  1, record 13, English, - countertendency

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

(J.L. Hanson, A Dictionary of Econo , mics and Commerce, p . 267)  1, record 14, English, - malthusian%20theory%20of%20population

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish