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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Position approchée déduite des conditions de navigation : vitesse, cap, dérive depuis la dernière position connue.  4, record 1, French, - point%20estim%C3%A9

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

point estimé simple; PES : terme et abréviation uniformisés par le Comité de normalisation de la terminologie navale.  5, record 1, French, - point%20estim%C3%A9

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dead reckoning performed automatically by a device which gives a continuous indication of position by integration of acceleration since leaving a starting point.  4, record 2, English, - inertial%20navigation

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... inertia navigation ... has been used for over 50 years in military applications for guided missiles, airplanes and submarines.  3, record 2, English, - inertial%20navigation

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Compare with "inertial guidance."  5, record 2, English, - inertial%20navigation

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Système de navigation basé sur la mesure des accélérations du navire ou du submersible [ou de l'aéronef].  2, record 2, French, - navigation%20inertielle

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'instrument fondamental d'une centrale inertielle est [...] l'accéléromètre, qui mesure l'accélération dans une direction privilégiée appelée axe sensible. Trois accéléromètres travaillent selon trois axes sensibles parfaitement déterminés par des gyroscopes associés. [...] La réalisation des centrales à inertie fait appel à des technologies complexes et évolutives. De l'accéléromètre linéaire à l'accéléromètre pendulaire asservi, du gyroscope intégrateur flottant au gyrolaser, de la plate-forme à trois axes à la centrale à composants liés (strap down), l'évolution constante est à la recherche de meilleures performances. [...] La navigation inertielle a évolué de façon continue tout au long des dernières années [...]  4, record 2, French, - navigation%20inertielle

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dead reckoning is a reasonably accurate method for predicting position if the vehicle is able to maintain the planned course. Aircraft and ships can be pushed off the planned course by winds and current. An important step in navigational planning is to calculate the required drift correction.  1, record 3, English, - drift%20correction

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Sur un avion lourd et rapide qui subit moins les effets du vent, la seule action spécifique est la correction de dérive dès que les roues ont quitté le sol, de manière à respecter l'axe de montée après le décollage.  2, record 3, French, - correction%20de%20d%C3%A9rive

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Diferencia angular entre la trayetoria respecto al suelo y el rumbo de una aeronave.  1, record 3, Spanish, - correcci%C3%B3n%20de%20deriva

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The most significant advances have been made in the area of inertial sensors, namely, gyroscopes and accelerometers. The performance of these sensors determine the overall inertial navigation accuracy.  1, record 4, English, - inertial%20navigation%20accuracy

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

inertial navigation : Dead reckoning performed automatically by a device which gives a continuous indication of position by integration of acceleration since leaving a starting point.  2, record 4, English, - inertial%20navigation%20accuracy

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Inertial Navigation Systems. The various radio navigation systems require the ability to receive position signals from the established beacon locations. For those platforms beyond the range of the navigation signals or with an impeded line of sight, the 1950s witnessed the development of a modern form of dead reckoning. Inertial navigation systems use a device called a gyroscopic accelerometer that accurately measures acceleration in a specific direction. These systems track acceleration, changes in velocity, in three perpendicular directions, such as north-south, east-west, and altitude.  2, record 5, English, - gyroscopic%20accelerometer

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dead reckoning is a technique of computing the position of a vehicle from its distance and heading measurements. It is an inertial system which uses two independent sensors from which distance and heading information can be extracted. Because each position is relative, cumulative drift errors occur on an average of 2% of the distance traveled. The system consists of a magnetic compass or gyroscope for heading and odometer for distance. Dead reckoning is often combined with map matching to correct for drift errors. It performs well when combined with highly accurate digital maps. It can also be used to back up GPS during satellite visibility outages.  3, record 6, English, - cumulative%20drift

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

To minimize cumulative drift, verticial gyros may be slaved, or caged, to the gravity vertical. Caging is automatically discontinued whenever the airplane is in a steady turn.  4, record 6, English, - cumulative%20drift

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Test dérive cumulée d'étalonnage.  2, record 6, French, - d%C3%A9rive%20cumul%C3%A9e

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An area of defined width lying between the last preceding navigational fix or dead reckoning position and either the facility to be used for making an instrument approach or a point associated with such a facility that is used for demarcating the termination of initial approach.  2, record 7, English, - initial%20approach%20area

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

initial approach area: term and definition standardized by NATO.  3, record 7, English, - initial%20approach%20area

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

initial approach area: term officially approved by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).  4, record 7, English, - initial%20approach%20area

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Aire de largeur définie, comprise entre le dernier repère de radio navigation ou la dernière position déterminée à l'estime, d'une part, et, d'autre part, l'installation à utiliser pour effectuer une approche aux instruments ou un point associé à cette installation et servant à indiquer la fin de l'approche initiale.  3, record 7, French, - aire%20d%27approche%20initiale

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

aire d'approche initiale : terme et définition normalisés par l'OTAN.  4, record 7, French, - aire%20d%27approche%20initiale

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

zone d'approche initiale : terme uniformisé par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie aéronautique (CUTA) - Opérations aériennes.  4, record 7, French, - aire%20d%27approche%20initiale

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 3 OBS

aire d'approche initiale : terme uniformisé par l'Organisation de l'aviation civile internationale (OACI).  5, record 7, French, - aire%20d%27approche%20initiale

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

área de aproximación inicial : término aceptado oficialmente por la Organización de Aviación Civil Internacional (OACI).  2, record 7, Spanish, - %C3%A1rea%20de%20aproximaci%C3%B3n%20inicial

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Present estimated position, last fix position, time and date of fix, satellite elevation and number, direction and distance of update, and dead reckoning time(DRT) since last satellite update. Emergency location facility(e. g. man overboard) enables EP [estimated position] to be rapidly entered as a waypoint : the position, date and time of the emergency are stored for future use.  1, record 8, English, - POS%20key

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

POS: position.  2, record 8, English, - POS%20key

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Point estimé actuel, dernier point du navire, heure et date du point, élévation et numéro du satellite; direction et distance du recalage du point et temps écoulé depuis le dernier recalage du point estimé. «Fixer la position de toute urgence» (par exemple en cas d'homme à la mer) est une caractéristique de l'appareil qui permet la prise en compte rapide de la position estimée sous la forme d'un «waypoint» : la position, la date et l'heure de l'événement sont mises en mémoire pour utilisation ultérieure.  1, record 8, French, - touche%20POS

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

POS : position.  2, record 8, French, - touche%20POS

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Position du navire en mer, déterminée par sa longitude et sa latitude.  1, record 10, French, - point

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On distingue le point estimé et le point observé.  1, record 10, French, - point

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

(navig.)  1, record 11, French, - point%20estim%C3%A9%20rectifi%C3%A9

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish