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TARGET THEORY [9 records]

Record 1 2011-09-02

English

Subject field(s)
  • Viral Diseases
DEF

Hypothetical model for the existence of various prion strains postulating that PrPsc carries a modification, for example carbohydrate residues, which varies from strain to strain and targets a particular subset of cells. These cells would impart the same modification to the newly formed PrPsc molecules.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Maladies virales

Spanish

Save record 1

Record 2 2011-05-18

English

Subject field(s)
  • Nuclear Physics
CONT

The theory of physics of heavy-ion transport is well developed, although modeling of the complex interacting processes is only approximate. Generally it states that : nuclei of GCR [galactic cosmic radiation] slowed down as a result of ionization losses, GCR primaries are fragmented as they interact in materials and continue to transport fragments(projectile secondaries), recoil neutrons are formed from proton and neutron collisions, and neutrons, protons and alphas(target secondaries) are produced in inelastic proton collisions.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique nucléaire
CONT

[…] un appareillage capable de détecter avec une efficacité voisine de 1 les mésons […] et de mesurer avec une bonne précision la direction et l'énergie des neutrons de recul créés dans la réaction d'échange de charge.

Spanish

Save record 2

Record 3 2008-12-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Biophysics
  • Radiological Physics (Theory and Application)
  • Biotechnology
DEF

A theory explaining some biological effects of radiation on the basis that ionization, which occurs in a discrete volume(the target) within the cell, directly causes a lesion that later results in a physiological response to the damage at that location.

OBS

One, two or more hits (ionizing events within the target) may be necessary to elicit the response.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Biophysique
  • Physique radiologique et applications
  • Biotechnologie
CONT

[La théorie de la cible] suppose que, dans chaque cellule, il existe des volumes cibles sublétaux dont l'atteinte par un rayonnement ionisant entraîne la mort cellulaire, et que chaque dose délivrée est indépendante de la précédente.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Biofísica
  • Física radiológica (Teoría y aplicación)
  • Biotecnología
Save record 3

Record 4 2002-11-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • Human Behaviour
  • Driving (Road Vehicles)
OBS

Wilde's theory is based on a cost-benefit model. He studied how people modify their hazard perception when safety systems are implemented. This process... states that people adjust their risk acceptance decision and their risk-taking behaviour towards their target level of perceived risk. Stating that people will behave more cautiously and accept fewer risks when they feel threatened, conversely, they will behave more daringly and accept higher levels of risk when they feel safe and secure.

Key term(s)
  • risk-homeostatic theory

French

Domaine(s)
  • Comportement humain
  • Conduite automobile
CONT

Dans le domaine de la sécurité routière, Wilde développe la théorie du risque homéostatique. Le sujet adapte son comportement en fonction de son niveau de risque préférentiel ou cible, c'est-à-dire le niveau de risque que le sujet pense pouvoir prendre. C'est une manière de considérer la sécurité comme un objet progressif. En effet, il ne suffit pas de rectifier des virages ou de réaménager un carrefour pour que le bilan soit positif. Un certain facteur de sécurité supplémentaire dans un domaine peut se révéler néfaste dans un autre domaine. Il faut plutôt travailler sur le niveau du risque cible.

CONT

D'une manière générale, selon M. Wilde, il est extrêmement difficile de diminuer le taux d'accidents, en vertu du principe du «risque homéostatique» : plus une route sera sûre, plus les automobilistes iront vite.

Key term(s)
  • risque homéostatique

Spanish

Save record 4

Record 5 1999-10-13

English

Subject field(s)
  • Small Arms
DEF

Single projectile with spiral grooves and hollow base, intended for use in shotguns. The theory of the grooves is that after leaving the muzzle the slug will rotate and thus reach its target much more accurately.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Armes légères
DEF

Balle de fusil de chasse, à rainures hélicoïdales et culot évidé. En théorie, les rainures impriment une rotation à la balle à sa sortie de la bouche et lui permettent ainsi d'atteindre sa cible avec beaucoup plus de précision.

OBS

balle rayée : terme et définition uniformisés par le Groupe de travail de terminologie des armes légères.

Spanish

Save record 5

Record 6 1995-02-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • Social Psychology
OBS

In attribution theory, a criterion for making a dispositional inference. The term refers to the extent to which a phenomenon is observed when the entity or target is present but is not observed in its absence.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Psychologie sociale

Spanish

Save record 6

Record 7 1995-02-06

English

Subject field(s)
  • Environmental Law
  • Environmental Economics
CONT

The theory is that the gains that the recalcitrant country might otherwise expect would be reduced as a result of its own actions. Such an arrangement would, for instance, allow the EC to promise that if the United States accepted a common target, the Community would increase the rate of carbon tax it imposed on itself and vice versa.

Key term(s)
  • mutually agreed objective

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit environnemental
  • Économie environnementale
DEF

Objectif que partagent les pays ou les parties signataires d'une convention sur l'environnement.

Spanish

Save record 7

Record 8 1981-02-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • Social Psychology
OBS

In attribution theory, one criterion for making a dispositional inference. The term refers to the extent to which the phenomenon is observed each time the entity or target is present.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Psychologie sociale

Spanish

Save record 8

Record 9 1981-02-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • Social Psychology
OBS

In attribution theory, one criterion for making a dispositional inference. The term refers to the extent to which the entity or target is associated with similar phenomena under differing conditions.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Psychologie sociale

Spanish

Save record 9

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