TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A representation of the effect human activities have on the climate in terms of the total amount of greenhouse gases produced(measured in units of carbon dioxide).  4, record 1, English, - carbon%20footprint

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A total carbon footprint/emission quantification would include energy-related emissions from human activities - that is, from heat, light, power and refrigeration and all transport-related emissions from cars, freight and distribution, etc.  4, record 1, English, - carbon%20footprint

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

CO₂ footprint.  5, record 1, English, - carbon%20footprint

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On appelle «empreinte carbone» la mesure du volume de dioxyde de carbone (CO₂) émis par combustion d'énergies fossiles, par les entreprises ou les êtres vivants. [...] Le calcul de son empreinte carbone aide à définir les stratégies et les solutions les mieux adaptées à chaque secteur d'activité et de participer ainsi plus efficacement à la diminution des émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Le calcul de l'empreinte carbone permet aussi de compenser ses émissions de CO₂.  5, record 1, French, - empreinte%20carbone

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

empreinte de CO₂  6, record 1, French, - empreinte%20carbone

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Medida de la cantidad de emisiones totales de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) producidas directa o indirectamente por personas, organizaciones, productos, eventos o Estados.  2, record 1, Spanish, - huella%20de%20carbono

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

huella de carbono: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, indica que en las noticias [...] se habla de huella de carbono y huella ecológica, y hay que aclarar que se trata de índices que miden el impacto ambiental, pero no deben confundirse, ya que lo hacen a partir de parámetros diferentes: la huella de carbono se refiere a la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero, mientras que la huella ecológica analiza el efecto en la Tierra de la demanda que hace el hombre de los recursos existentes.  3, record 1, Spanish, - huella%20de%20carbono

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Se mide en masa [gramos, kilogramos, toneladas] de CO₂ [dióxido de carbono]  2, record 1, Spanish, - huella%20de%20carbono

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The sum of free carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide combined in the form of carbonates and hydrogen carbonates in water.  1, record 2, English, - total%20carbon%20dioxide

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

total carbon dioxide : term and definition standardized by ISO.  2, record 2, English, - total%20carbon%20dioxide

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Somme du dioxyde de carbone libre et du dioxyde de carbone combiné sous la forme de carbonates et d'hydrogénocarbonates dans l'eau.  1, record 2, French, - dioxyde%20de%20carbone%20total

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dioxyde de carbone total : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO.  2, record 2, French, - dioxyde%20de%20carbone%20total

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Suma del bióxido de carbono libre y del bióxido de carbono combinado en forma de carbonatos y bicarbonatos en el agua.  1, record 2, Spanish, - bi%C3%B3xido%20de%20carbono%20total

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Carbon dioxide(CO₂) is the most important anthropogenic GHG. Its annual emissions have grown between 1970 and 2004 by about 80%, from 21 to 38 gigatonnes(Gt), and represented 77% of total anthropogenic GHG emissions in 2004...  3, record 3, English, - anthropogenic%20greenhouse%20gas

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Entre 1970 et 2004, les rejets annuels de dioxyde de carbone (CO₂), le principal gaz à effet de serre anthropique, sont passés de 21 à 38 gigatonnes (Gt), soit une progression d’environ 80 %, et représentaient 77 % des émissions totales de GES anthropiques en 2004 [...]  3, record 3, French, - gaz%20%C3%A0%20effet%20de%20serre%20anthropique

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Those products, exclusive of moisture, that are liberated by a material as gas and vapor, determined by definite prescribed methods which may vary according to the nature of the material.  6, record 4, English, - volatile%20solids

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In the case of coal and coke, the methods employed are those prescribed in ASTM Designation D271.  6, record 4, English, - volatile%20solids

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The residue is termed a coke button (in French: "bouton de coke").  7, record 4, English, - volatile%20solids

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

It is often difficult to determine the exact cause of digester problems. Monitoring volatile solids loading, total gas production, volatile acids concentration in the digesting sludge, and percentage of carbon dioxide in the head gases are the methods most frequently employed to give advance warning of pending failure.  8, record 4, English, - volatile%20solids

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A sample is heated to approximately 900°C so that all the oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur and nitrogen are released as volatile matter (VM). The amount of residual char remaining is inversely proportional to the volatile matter and is called the amount of fixed carbon (FC).  4, record 4, English, - volatile%20solids

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 3 OBS

volatile solid: usually used in the plural, collectively.  7, record 4, English, - volatile%20solids

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le contrôle régulier de la réduction des matières volatiles réalisée par la digestion est, avec celui de la quantité de gaz produit, la valeur chiffrée la plus aisée d'emploi pour l'établissement de statistiques de fonctionnement d'un poste de digestion.  3, record 4, French, - mati%C3%A8res%20volatiles

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

matières volatiles; substances volatiles : pluriels d'usage.  2, record 4, French, - mati%C3%A8res%20volatiles

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

I am currently developing and validating the following samplers for use in the studies: passive diffusion tube and badge samplers for NO₂, continuous NO₂ and CO personal samplers and PM10 personal samplers.  2, record 5, English, - passive%20diffusion%20tube

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone and total suspended particulates were measured using portable, high resolution, continuous analysers. Additionally passive diffusion tube samplers were used to collect nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide and ozone data over a wide area of each city. Finally a personal monitor was used to collect particulates for lead analysis.  3, record 5, English, - passive%20diffusion%20tube

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'échantillonneur passif a été sélectionné pour être le dispositif de mesure simple, peu encombrant et techniquement fiable. Ce dispositif avait pour fonction d'étudier les deux polluants atmosphériques retenus par la présente étude : le dioxyde d'azote (NO₂) et le benzène. Ces deux grandes familles de polluants urbains sont des indicateurs reconnus de la pollution atmosphérique des grandes métropoles, intervenant également dans la production des polluants photoxydants, dont notamment l'ozone. Ce dispositif d'échantillonneurs passifs (aussi appelés «tubes à diffusion passive») se compose d'une cartouche absorbante qui est insérée dans un tube maintenu à l'horizontal [sic : horizontale]. Les cartouches absorbantes, imprégnées d'un réactif chimique spécifique, piègent l'air circulant à travers le corps poreux afin de capturer les polluants recherchés. Il y a donc un tube par polluant mesuré.  1, record 5, French, - tube%20%C3%A0%20diffusion%20passive

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Flux towers for continuous measurement of carbon dioxide and water vapor exchange are being installed this spring on a grassland... At each site, the total water vapor flux is the sum of water vapor flux from the soil... and that from the plants... Total water vapor flux at each site will be measured by the eddy covariance method...  6, record 6, English, - water%20vapor%20flux

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The flux of water vapor from ecosystems to atmosphere contains both evaporation from the soil and transpiration from plants. These fluxes are important parts of the global hydrological cycle that affect both climate and water quality and availability.  3, record 6, English, - water%20vapor%20flux

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans l'oasis une tour météorologique permet de mesurer en continu les différents termes du bilan d'énergie au dessus du couvert végétal : rayonnement net, flux de vapeur d'eau, flux de chaleur sensible, ainsi que flux de chaleur dans le sol, flux supposés représentatifs de l'ensemble de l'oasis.  2, record 6, French, - flux%20de%20vapeur%20d%27eau

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

L'évapotranspiration est la somme du flux de vapeur d'eau provenant de la transpiration des feuilles ainsi que l'évaporation du sol et des feuilles mouillées.  3, record 6, French, - flux%20de%20vapeur%20d%27eau

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In recent years, there has been a growing concern over the potential hazard of certain constituents in particulate suspended in the atmosphere. One constituent which has received considerable attention recently is particulate nitrate. Nitrate has been found to act as a respiratory irritant, especially to those who suffer from asthma. Nitrate is also suspected as one of the agents responsible for the lowering of pH in freshwater lakes.  2, record 7, English, - particulate%20nitrate

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 CONT

National Air Pollution Surveillance(NAPS) Network.... In 1999-2000, monitoring focused on the "criteria pollutants" : sulphur dioxide(SO₂), carbon monoxide(CO), nitrogen dioxide(NO₂), ozone(O₃), and total suspended particulates. Data were also collected on other pollutants, including particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 microns(PM-10), particulate sulphate, particulate nitrate and over 100 organic compounds.  3, record 7, English, - particulate%20nitrate

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Réseau national de surveillance de la pollution atmosphérique (RNSPA). [...] En 1999-2000, on a axé la surveillance sur les polluants courants : dioxyde de soufre (SO₂), monoxyde de carbone (CO), dioxyde d'azote (NO₂), ozone (O₃), et total des particules en suspension. Des données ont aussi été recueillies sur les autres polluants, notamment les particules dont le diamètre aérodynamique est de moins de 10 microns (PM-10), le sulfate particulaire, le nitrate sous forme de particules et plus de 100 composés organiques.  1, record 7, French, - nitrate%20sous%20forme%20de%20particules

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO) consists of subtotal to total oxygenation and carbon dioxide removal through a pumped extracorporeal circuit.  2, record 8, English, - extracorporeal%20membrane%20oxygenation

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'assistance circulatoire percutanée reprend le principe des techniques d'oxygénation extracorporelle, type ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) en utilisant la méthode veino-artérielle.  3, record 8, French, - oxyg%C3%A9nation%20extracorporelle

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

oxygénation par membrane extracorporelle : Objectifs et normes de formation spécialisée en chirurgie thoracique.  2, record 8, French, - oxyg%C3%A9nation%20extracorporelle

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Several [internal cooling] systems have been developed that incorporate three basic approaches : liquified gas, super-cold air with water vapor, and air exchange methods. With the liquified gas system, immediately after the parison has been expanded, liquid carbon dioxide or nitrogen is atomized through a nozzle in the blow pin into the interior of the bottle. The liquid quickly vaporizes, removing heat, and exhausts at the end of the cycle. In practice, this method has improved production rates by 25 to 35%. A disadvantage is the cost of the liquified gas. If its consumption is not precisely controlled, the total cost savings becomes minimal.  1, record 9, English, - liquified%20gas%20system

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le temps de refroidissement devient pratiquement proportionnel au carré de l'épaisseur, c'est pourquoi on a songé à compléter le refroidissement par contact avec l'empreinte par un refroidissement interne selon les différents procédés décrits ci-après. a) Renouvellement de l'air de soufflage. [...] b) Balayage au dioxyde de carbone. Après soufflage à l'air, on injecte du CO₂ qui, sous forme liquéfiée sous 20 bar à une température de -20 °C, a un pouvoir réfrigérant de 314 kJ/kg (entre -20 et 0 °C). De plus, l'enthalpie de vaporisation de CO₂ élevée (289 kJ/kg) favorise le refroidissement de la paroi interne des corps creux. On peut atteindre une cadence augmentée de 40% à condition, bien entendu, que la capacité d'extrusion en amont le permette. Toutefois, ce type de refroidissement ne paraît rentable que pour de fortes épaisseur (1 mm et plus) ou pour des corps creux de capacité supérieure à cinq litres. c) Procédé ISC (Internal Surface Cooling). [...] d) Procédé ALEX. Commercialisé par la Société Air Liquide, ce procédé utilise un échangeur fonctionnant avec de l'azote liquide pour refroidir à une température de -50 °C à -100 °C l'air ensuite utilisé pour le balayage du corps creux.  2, record 9, French, - balayage

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans les cas très difficiles, l'air est remplacé par de l'azote liquide. La transition liquide-gaz de l'azote se produit dans la canne de soufflage et l'objet est alors soufflé par ce gaz très froid.  3, record 9, French, - balayage

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

On peut aussi pratiquer un refroidissement accéléré par injection de CO₂.  4, record 9, French, - balayage

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Act of filling a volume with an extinguishing medium (gas, high expansion foam) in order that fire may be suppressed within that volume.  2, record 10, English, - total%20flooding

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In total flooding systems the carbon dioxide is applied through nozzles designed and located to develop a uniform concentration of carbon dioxide in all parts of the enclosure.  3, record 10, English, - total%20flooding

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Action de remplir un volume avec un agent extincteur (gaz, mousse à haut foisonnement) afin de permettre l'extinction du feu à l'intérieur de ce volume.  3, record 10, French, - noyage%20total

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Total flooding extinguishing system/système d'extinction par protection d'ambiance (par saturation): Système fixe d'extinction pour l'extinction des feux dans une enceinte fermée.  3, record 10, French, - noyage%20total

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Protection contre l'incendie. Système d'extinction par protection d'ambiance (noyage total) au halon 1301.  4, record 10, French, - noyage%20total

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In anaesthetic administration, the partial or total breathing-in by a patient of his expired gases and vapours.  1, record 11, English, - rebreathing

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Rebreathing] conserves and concentrates the agents used and conserves the patient's heat and water vapour. If the method is total, then the oxygen naturally used up must be replaced and the carbon dioxide produced, removed.  1, record 11, English, - rebreathing

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Équivalence proposée par le Comité d'étude des termes médicaux français.  2, record 11, French, - r%C3%A9inhalation

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... measurements of photosynthesis give only the apparent or net photosynthesis, which is total or gross photosynthesis minus the amount of carbon dioxide produced or food used in respiration or translocated to other organs. Attempts to calculate gross total photosynthesis by adding a correction for respiration are complicated by uncertainty as to whether respiration occurs at the same rate in light and darkness.  1, record 12, English, - gross%20photosynthesis

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish