TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Effects of exposure to radioactivity depend on the total amount of energy deposited into exposed organisms, which is estimated by adding doses(or dose rates) for all radionuclides and exposure pathways. Realistic dose estimation needs to reflect the entire story of the organisms of interest during their whole exposure period.  1, record 1, English, - realistic%20dose%20estimation

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A set of] criteria to assist the commander in measuring unit exposure to radiation based on total past cumulative dose, normally expressed in centigray.  3, record 2, English, - radiation%20exposure%20status

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

radiation exposure status; RES: designations standardized by NATO.  4, record 2, English, - radiation%20exposure%20status

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

état d'exposition aux radiations; RES : désignations normalisées par l'OTAN.  3, record 2, French, - %C3%A9tat%20d%27exposition%20aux%20radiations

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Hyperfractionation means giving the daily dose of radiation over 2 or more sessions each day. The total period of time to complete the treatment schedule is not changed. By using multiple smaller doses of radiation, a higher overall dose can be given. This may cause more damage to a cancer cell.  1, record 3, English, - hyperfractionation

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L’hyperfractionnement est l’administration de la dose quotidienne de radiation en 2 séances ou plus chaque jour. La durée totale du traitement ne change pas. Cela permet d'administrer de multiples petites doses de radiation, qui équivalent à une dose totale plus élevée. On peut ainsi parvenir à causer plus de dommages aux cellules cancéreuses.  1, record 3, French, - hyperfractionnement

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Accelerated fractionation means giving the total dose of radiation over a shorter period of time by giving radiation more than once a day. This allows radiation treatments to be completed more quickly...  1, record 4, English, - accelerated%20fractionation

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le fractionnement accéléré est l'administration de la dose totale de radiation sur une plus courte période puisqu'on fait plus d'une séance par jour. Cela permet de finir le traitement plus rapidement […]  1, record 4, French, - fractionnement%20acc%C3%A9l%C3%A9r%C3%A9

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A chemical operation which does not involve time limit within which to produce the required toxic level.  2, record 5, English, - total%20dose%20attack

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

total dose attack : term and definition standardized by NATO.  3, record 5, English, - total%20dose%20attack

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Opération chimique n'impliquant pas une limitation de temps pour la mise en œuvre de la quantité de toxique requise.  2, record 5, French, - attaque%20%C3%A0%20dose%20totale

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

attaque à dose totale : terme et définition normalisés par l'OTAN.  3, record 5, French, - attaque%20%C3%A0%20dose%20totale

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The total collective dose commitment truncated at 500 years delivered to the EC population following the discharge of liquid radioactive effluents in the period 1980-1991 has been calculated to be 1. 96 man Sv.  3, record 6, English, - collective%20dose%20commitment

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

collective absorbed dose commitment: term extracted from the “Glossaire de l’énergie nucléaire” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  4, record 6, English, - collective%20dose%20commitment

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] somme des doses que recevront, dans un avenir plus ou moins lointain, tous les individus exposés soit du fait des rejets d'effluents, soit du fait de la dispersion éventuelle des radionucléides, qui, encore présents dans les déchets solides après la phase d'isolement et de surveillance, pourraient atteindre la biosphère avant d'avoir subi une décroissance notable.  1, record 6, French, - engagement%20de%20dose%20collective

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

engagement de dose absorbée collective : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’énergie nucléaire» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  3, record 6, French, - engagement%20de%20dose%20collective

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Total ionising radiation dose received at one time and over a period so short that biological recovery cannot occur.  1, record 7, English, - acute%20radiation%20dose

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

acute radiation dose: term and definition standardized by NATO  3, record 7, English, - acute%20radiation%20dose

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dose d'irradiation reçue en une seule fois et en un temps trop court pour que la restauration biologique puisse jouer.  1, record 7, French, - dose%20d%27irradiation%20aigu%C3%AB

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dose d'irradiation aigüe : terme et définition normalisés par l'OTAN.  3, record 7, French, - dose%20d%27irradiation%20aigu%C3%AB

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dosis de radiación recibida de una sola vez y en un período de tiempo tan corto que no se puede producir la recuperación biológica.  1, record 7, Spanish, - dosis%20de%20radiaci%C3%B3n%20aguda

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

To do bodily damage, a material must come in contact with the body. The method of bodily contact is called the route of entry. The routes of entry are (1) absorption (eye or skin contact); (2) ingestion; and (3) inhalation.  3, record 8, English, - route%20of%20entry

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT

... numerous factors influence and determine the specific classification of exposure. Although the substances utilized, chemical composition and physical state of the substance affect the total dose and route of entry, the duration and frequency of exposure, route by which exposure occurs and the dose delivered are the primary factors.  4, record 8, English, - route%20of%20entry

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The major routes by which toxicants enter the body are the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and skin.  5, record 8, English, - route%20of%20entry

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Compare with "route of administration," "route of exposure" and "means of absorption."  6, record 8, English, - route%20of%20entry

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En milieu industriel, deux voies de pénétration des toxiques dans l'organisme prédominent : la voie cutanée et, surtout, la voie pulmonaire; la voie digestive n'est pas négligeable. Les autre voies, oculaire et parentérale, sont plus rarement affectées.  3, record 8, French, - voie%20de%20p%C3%A9n%C3%A9tration

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Absorption, pénétration, voie percutanée, mode de pénétration ou d'administration de substances dans l'organisme à travers la peau.  4, record 8, French, - voie%20de%20p%C3%A9n%C3%A9tration

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Para disminuir la absorción del tóxico, hay que seguir el criterio general de separar al enfermo de la fuente de contaminación, independientemente de la vía de entrada.  1, record 8, Spanish, - v%C3%ADa%20de%20entrada

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... the total dose given to the genetic pool... equivalent to the individual gonad dose weighted by the probability of the individual person procreating a child after the irradiation has occurred.  1, record 9, English, - genetically%20significant%20dose

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dose génétiquement significative; DGS : terme et abréviation tirés du lexique «Désarmement et Maintien de la Paix» avec l'autorisation de l'Office des Nations Unies à Genève.  3, record 9, French, - dose%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tiquement%20significative

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dosimeters. The OSHA [Occupational Safety and Health Act] law requires characterization of varying noise environments by a single number criteria. The environment may be that experienced by a mobile employee whose work takes him into many different factory areas, or it may be a fixed work area where intermittent machine operations produce unpredictable variations in noise level. OSHA specifies a maximum daily noise dose(D) of unity :... where C is the total exposure at a given steady dBA level and T is the maximum allowable exposure time at that level during a 8-hour work day.... Noise dose can be predicted for mobile workers by studying their movements and estimating the total time they are exposed to each different dBA level they experience.  2, record 11, English, - noise%20dose

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Representative Exposure. Measurements of an employee's noise dose or 8-hour time-weighted average sound level that the employer deems to be representative of exposures of other employees in the workplace.... I. Computation of Employee Noise Exposure.(a) Noise dose is computed using Table A-1 as follows : When the sound level, L, is constant over the entire work shift, the noise dose, D, in percent, is given by : D=100 C/T where C is the total length of the work day, in hours, and T is the reference duration corresponding to the measured sound level, L, as given in Table A-1 or by the formula shown as a footnote to that table.  3, record 11, English, - noise%20dose

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Quantité de bruit accumulée durant la période d'exposition de la personne. Le calcul est généralement effectué pour des périodes de huit heures et le résultat est donné en pourcentage. [Définition provenant du Guide de sélection des instruments de mesure du bruit publié par la Commission de la Santé et de la Sécurité du Travail du Québec, 1984.]  2, record 11, French, - dose%20de%20bruit

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour obtenir un profil valable de l'exposition, le dosimètre doit être porté pendant plusieurs jours, selon les fluctuations de la dose de bruit au cours de la journée de travail.  1, record 11, French, - dose%20de%20bruit

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The total absorbed dose at a point in free air, resulting from both the radiation of a primary beam of x-rays or gamma rays and the radiation scattered by the surrounding air.  1, record 12, English, - air%20dose

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

La dose dans l'air correspond à la dose absorbée par un volume infiniment petit d'eau dans l'axe d'un faisceau [...] à une distance définie de la source.  1, record 12, French, - dose%20dans%20l%27air

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les doses « physiquement mesurables » en radiologie conventionnelle : exprimées en mGy, elles correspondent à l'énergie communiquée aux tissus. Elles représentent le fondement de la dosimétrie quelque soit la technique de mesure employée. La diversité des différentes « entités doses » proposées explique la confusion du clinicien et du radiologue. Schématiquement on peut décrire sur l'axe de propagation des rayons X depuis la source du rayonnement X jusqu'au patient : la dose dans l'air correspondant à la dose évaluée en un point du faisceau en dehors du patient; le produit dose surface, qui est le produit de la dose moyenne absorbé dans l'air à la section droite du faisceau par la surface de cette section; la dose d'entrée, dose évaluée à l'entrée du patient (elle correspond à la dose absorbée au point d'intersection de l'axe du faisceau et de la peau du patient : elle représente donc la dose dans l'air à ce point, à laquelle vient se rajouter le rayonnement rétro-diffusé lié au patient); la dose moyenne délivrée à un organe.  2, record 12, French, - dose%20dans%20l%27air

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Sliding Scale Insuline Protocol. Correct dosing of insulin is based not only on the patient's blood glucose values, but also on the patient's weight. A pre-printed sliding scale for insulin is a tool that staff can use to quickly select the appropriate dose of insulin based on both criteria. Since the doses for each blood glucose and weight range are printed on the scale, determining the correct dose for a patient requires only one calculation : the units of insulin per kilogram(total units of insulin in 24 hours divided by the patient's weight in kilograms). Prescribers only need to order the use of the sliding scale, and subsequently all dosing will be determined by referring to that tool.  5, record 13, English, - sliding%20scale%20insulin

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The medical literature supports the fact that sliding scale dosing of insulin is an ineffective means to control blood glucose concentrations. Despite this, many clinicians still use sliding scale insulin (SSI) regimens. A better tool for controlling hyperglycemia is clearly needed.  2, record 13, English, - sliding%20scale%20insulin

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les échelles d'insuline à injection sous-cutanée sont prescrites aux patients diabétiques traités en consultation externe qui effectuent l'autocontrôle de leurs glycémies, et aux patients hospitalisés atteints de diabète de type 1 et 2 lorsqu'un facteur concomitant est présent (déséquilibre associé à diverses affections, période de jeûne pour subir des examens d'investigation, corticothérapie).  3, record 13, French, - %C3%A9chelle%20d%27insuline

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

échelle d'insuline; traitement à doses variables d'insuline; échelle d'adaptation des doses d'insuline : termes retenus par le réseau Entraide Traduction Santé.  4, record 13, French, - %C3%A9chelle%20d%27insuline

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The exposure matrix was developed to account for job, plant, and era dependent differences in TCDD [2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin] exposure. The TCDD exposure estimates are based on (1) the concentration of TCDD in micrograms per gram present in process materials; (2) the duration of exposure to TCDD contamination, expressed as a fraction of a work day; and (3) a qualitative contact factor (0.05-1.5) to account for the extent of worker contact with the TCDD contaminated material. These three factors are multiplied together to yield a daily TCDD exposure score. The sum of the daily exposure scores constituted an individual’s cumulative exposure score. Daily TCDD exposure scores range from 0.001 to 1250. Cumulative TCDD exposure scores are distributed from 0.002 to 1,651,611 exposure score days. The TCDD cumulative exposure score, which incorporates both duration and level of exposure, provides a means for ranking workers for evaluating the relationship between TCDD exposure and mortality in a retrospective cohort study analysis.  2, record 20, English, - exposure%20score

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Analysis of dose response based on cumulative exposure score was statistically significant for total cancer mortality and for lung cancer, but after adjustment for of a 15-year lag period, was only significant for total cancer mortality.  3, record 20, English, - exposure%20score

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 3 CONT

The following surrogate measures of dose, for each substance, were used to summarize "likely"’ exposure histories for each study subject: duration of employment in occupation/industry combinations considered exposed, a cumulative exposure score, and "average" intensity of exposure. Odds ratios were calculated for exposure intensity categories to refrain from using weights.  4, record 20, English, - exposure%20score

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'évaluation de l'exposition à l'amiante [...] a été réalisée par l'intermédiaire d'une «matrice emplois-expositions» (MEE), c'est-à-dire une base de données qui associe à des métiers pour différentes périodes des valeurs moyennes d'exposition à des nuisances professionnelles. [...] Les principales variables d'exposition analysées sont la proportion d'hommes exposés et un indice composite d'exposition dans la population : produit de la moyenne de l'intensité d'exposition, de la proportion d'exposés et de la durée d'exposition.  1, record 20, French, - indice%20d%27exposition

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 2 CONT

On détermine le score d'exposition en croisant durée et intensité d'exposition. Ce score est composé de cinq niveaux. Ces scores définissent une échelle d'exposition et non un niveau de risque, celui-ci dépendant du produit chimique concerné. [Tableau]. Score d'exposition en fonction de l'intensité et de la durée (en heures) de l'exposition : [À une intensité très faible correspond un score d'exposition de niveau] 1 pour une durée de moins de 2 heures à dix heures, de [niveau] 2 pour 10 à 20 heures, et de [niveau] 3 pour 20 heures et plus; pour une intensité faible correspondent des scores de 1 pour moins de 2 heures, de 2 pour 2 à 10 heures, de 3 pour 10 à 20 heures et de 4 pour 20 heures et plus; pour une intensité forte correspondent des scores allant de 2 à 5; pour une intensité très forte correspondent des scores de 3 à 5. [...] L'intensité des expositions aux produits chimiques est très faible pour 40 % des situations. Elle se situe aux alentours de 50 % de la VLE [valeur limite d'exposition] pour 47 % des situations, est très forte (égale ou supérieure à la VLE) dans 1,5 % des cas et est inconnue dans les autres cas (11 %). Le score d'exposition est de niveau 1 pour 47 % des situations d'exposition, de niveau 2,3 et 4 dans 36 % des cas et de niveau 5 dans 4,5 % des cas.  2, record 20, French, - indice%20d%27exposition

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

indice : Indication numérique qui sert à exprimer un rapport.  3, record 20, French, - indice%20d%27exposition

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In relation to radio-active waste, levels of radionuclide concentration, surface contamination, radiation and/or total activity below which the competent authority decides to exempt the individual and collective effective dose equivalents received from them are so low that such levels are not significant for purposes of radiation protection.  1, record 22, English, - exempt%20quantity

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Available evidence appears to indicate that cardiotoxicity is cumulative across members of the anthracycline and anthracene class of drugs. Patients who have previously received other anthracyclines and anthracenes are at particular risk for possible cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin at a lower total dose than previously untreated patients and therefore, should be carefully monitored.  1, record 23, English, - cardiotoxicity

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Quant à la cardiotoxicité, elle paraît mineure, inférieure à celle des anthracyclines; l'incidence des insuffisances cardiaques est faible en deça de doses cumulées de 160 mg/m2 chez des patientes sans facteur de risque.  1, record 23, French, - cardiotoxicit%C3%A9

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

collective dose: For a given population, the product of the absorbed dose per individual in that population and the number of individual therein  2, record 26, English, - collective%20dose%20limit

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The AECB should issue collective dose limits which would limit the total dose to the whole workforce.  1, record 26, English, - collective%20dose%20limit

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Maximum de dose de rayonnement que peut subir une équipe de travailleurs miniers dans une mine renfermant des minerais radioactifs.  1, record 26, French, - limite%20de%20dose%20collective

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Équivalent formulé d'après "dose limit" : "limite de dose" et "collective dose" : "dose collective", termes figurant dans le Vocabulaire de l'énergie nucléaire de l'OCDE.  1, record 26, French, - limite%20de%20dose%20collective

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

(USP) a sterile suspension of the precipitate obtained by treating a mixture of diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid and pertussis vaccine with alum, aluminum hydroxide or aluminum phosphate, the components being combined in such proportions as to yield a mixture containing an immunizing dose of each in the total dosage prescribed on the label; used as an active immunizing agent, administered intramuscularly.  2, record 27, English, - diphtheria%20and%20tetanus%20toxoids%20and%20pertussis%20vaccine%20adsorbed

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Opening in an intravenous fluid bag.  2, record 28, English, - additive%20port

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 2 OBS

It was found that the total dose of heparin injected into the plastic bag remained in the additive port because the dead space between 2 diaphragms prevented injection with a 5/8 inch needle.(abstract)(Plastic IV bag problem with heparin administration-Drug Intell. Clin. Pharm. 16 : 410-411(May)(1982]  3, record 28, English, - additive%20port

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish