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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Atomic absorption spectrochemical analysis is used for [the] determination of trace metals. Because of high sensitivity, high selectivity, and easy operation, atomic absorption spectrochemical analysis is an important analysis method of heavy [metals] in water, soil, and biological samples.  1, record 1, English, - atomic%20absorption%20spectrochemical%20analysis

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Anodic stripping voltammetry is a method to demonstrate the presence of multiple metals in water. This method is usually applied to investigate the water quality of surface or drinking water or sewage.  3, record 2, English, - anodic%20stripping%20voltammetry

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Anodic stripping voltammetry(ASV) is the most common of a class of techniques known as stripping electroanalytical methods(SEAM). The defining characteristic of these methods is the preconcentration of analyte at the electrode surface in order to lower the detection limit for that analyte.... Usually a mercury drop or mercury thin-film electrode is employed under forced convective conditions(stirred solution). The preconcentration step is followed by a short time period in which the solution is allowed to quiet(no stirring), following which a potential scan is initiated from the deposition potential in the anodic direction. ASV is well-suited for the determination of trace amounts of many metal contaminants. “Stripping” refers to the characteristic sharp voltammetric waves that occur for metals as they are oxidized out of mercury, in which many metals form amalgams.  2, record 2, English, - anodic%20stripping%20voltammetry

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Term(s) taken from a Canadian laboratory-equipment company’s catalogue.  1, record 3, English, - trace%20metals%20determination

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme(s) tiré(s) du catalogue d'une compagnie canadienne d'équipement de laboratoire.  1, record 3, French, - dosage%20de%20m%C3%A9taux%2Dtraces

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The helium ionization detector(HID) has the most widespread application in the analysis of trace amounts of permanent gases. The lowest detectable amount is 500 times less than that for the thermal conductivity detector. The helium ionization detector has been employed for the determination of nitrogen oxide at a concentration of 0. 2-5 ppb, chlorinated hydrocarbons, aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, esters, and propane, for which a linear dynamic range of six orders of concentration has been obtained.  1, record 4, English, - helium%20ionization%20detector

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Détecteurs sélectifs. [...] Nous citerons encore les détecteurs électrochimiques permettant d'obtenir des réponses sélectives pour les composés azotés, chlorés ou soufrés, et d'autres, tels que le détecteur à ionisation d'argon ou d'hélium, détectant des traces de gaz permanents, de même que le détecteur à ionisation par haute fréquence.  4, record 4, French, - d%C3%A9tecteur%20%C3%A0%20ionisation%20d%27h%C3%A9lium

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Separation of spectral and non-spectral interferences by on-line high performance ion chromatography inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry (HPIC-ICP-SFMS) for accurate determination of²³⁴U,²³⁵U,²³⁸U and²³²Th in industrial ores.  3, record 5, English, - sector%20field%20mass%20spectrometry

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Determination of trace elements in human milk by inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry(ICP-SFMS).  4, record 5, English, - sector%20field%20mass%20spectrometry

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Indiana University Laboratory for Spectrochemistry. Plasma Source Mass Spectrometry. "Single-Crystal Scintillator-Based Array Detector for Sector-Field Mass Spectrometry," [by] David A. Solyom. Beginning with the use of photographic plates in the first quarter of this century, array detectors have had a long history of usage in mass-spectrometric analysis. Array detectors are position-sensitive devices capable of independently measuring ion signals that are incident at different locations on the detector’s face. Currently popular among the different types of array detectors available for mass spectrometry are microchannel-plate(s) (MCP) coupled with a phosphor .... The electrons emitted from the rear of the MCP strike the phosphor being held in close proximity (1mm) to the MCP. The phosphor screen is sensitive to the incident electrons and will emit photons in response. The number of emitted photons is proportional to the number of incident electrons and the location on the phosphor from which the photons are emitted coincides with the location of the incident electrons. The photons from the phosphor can then be converted into a proportional electronic signal by an imaging device such as a CCD or CID detector array.  2, record 5, English, - sector%20field%20mass%20spectrometry

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

spectrométrie de masse à secteurs à plasma induit (ICP-SFMS).  1, record 5, French, - spectrom%C3%A9trie%20de%20masse%20%C3%A0%20secteurs

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il existe plusieurs traductions du terme «inductively coupled plasma (ICP)» : le plus proche de la description de la technique est «plasma induit par un courant de haute fréquence», le plus simple est «torche à plasma»; pour décrire un «sector field mass spectrometer» nous parlons de «spectromètre de masse à secteur magnétique» ou, plus brièvement, de «spectromètre de masse magnétique». L'équivalent français de ICP-SFMS serait donc «torche à plasma couplée à un spectromètre de masse magnétique» (version courte) ou «plasma induit par un courant de haute fréquence associé à un spectromètre de masse à secteur magnétique» (version longue). [Source : Guy Bouchoux, Secrétaire, Société française de spectrométrie de masse, École Polytechnique, DCMR, Palaiseau (France)]  3, record 5, French, - spectrom%C3%A9trie%20de%20masse%20%C3%A0%20secteurs

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Separation of spectral and non-spectral interferences by on-line high performance ion chromatography inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry (HPIC-ICP-SFMS) for accurate determination of²³⁴U,²³⁵U,²³⁸U and²³²Th in industrial ores.  2, record 6, English, - inductively%20coupled%20plasma%20sector%20field%20mass%20spectrometry

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Determination of trace elements in human milk by inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry(ICP-SFMS).  3, record 6, English, - inductively%20coupled%20plasma%20sector%20field%20mass%20spectrometry

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il existe plusieurs traductions du terme «inductively coupled plasma (ICP)» : le terme le plus proche de la description de la technique est «plasma induit par un courant de haute fréquence», le plus simple est «torche à plasma»; pour décrire un «sector field mass spectrometer» nous parlons de «spectromètre de masse à secteur magnétique» ou, plus brièvement, de «spectromètre de masse magnétique». L'équivalent français de ICP-SFMS serait donc «torche à plasma couplée à un spectromètre de masse magnétique» (version courte) ou «plasma induit par un courant de haute fréquence associé à un spectromètre de masse à secteur magnétique» (version longue). [Source : Guy Bouchoux, Secrétaire, Société française de spectrométrie de masse, École Polytechnique, DCMR, Palaiseau (France)]  1, record 6, French, - torche%20%C3%A0%20plasma%20coupl%C3%A9e%20%C3%A0%20un%20spectrom%C3%A8tre%20de%20masse%20magn%C3%A9tique

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

X-ray powder diffraction is used in the identification of crystalline phases in unknown samples, finding the lattice parameter and other lattice related information, quantitative determination of phases in multiphase samples, finding the orientation in single crystals, and stereographic projections. The samples must be crystalline solids such as metals, ceramics, rocks etc. These samples are usually about 1 mg in size. If the sample fits in the sample holder then there is no preparation necessary otherwise the sample may have to be crushed in order to fit. The sample takes less than one hour to be analyzed for qualitative analysis in major phases and up to 16 hours for trace phases. The quantitative analysis can take several minutes to several hours after set up. There are several detectors used in XRPD varying from films to cameras to diffractometers.  1, record 7, English, - x%2Dray%20powder%20diffraction

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Powder X-Ray Diffraction. Powders of crystalline materials diffract X-Rays. A beam of X-rays passing through a sample of randomly-oriented micro-crystals produces a pattern of rings on a distant screen. Powder X-Ray diffraction provides less information than single-crystal diffraction, however, it is much simpler and faster. Powder X-Ray diffraction is useful for confirming the identity of a solid material and determining crystallinity and phase purity. Modern powder X-Ray diffractometers consist of an X-Ray source, a movable sample platform, an X-Ray detector, and associated computer-controlled electronics. The sample is either packed into a shallow cup-shaped holder or deposited as a slurry onto a quartz substrate, and the sample holder spins slowly during the experiment to reduce sample heating. The X-Ray source is usually the same as used in single-crystal diffractometers, Mo or Cu. The X-Ray beam is fixed and the sample platform rotates with respect to the beam by an angle theta. The detector rotates at twice the rate of the sample and is at an angle of 2 theta with respect to the incoming X-Ray beam.  4, record 7, English, - x%2Dray%20powder%20diffraction

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Fine particles such as clays must be separated from larger particles and measured separately if they are to be detected properly. To reduce errors associated with preferred orientation of minerals, samples are most commonly ground to a powder before analysis, a technique known as powder X-ray diffraction.  4, record 7, English, - x%2Dray%20powder%20diffraction

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 4 CONT

X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) is a direct method for qualitative and quantitative characterization of fine-grained materials such as clinker and cement, and may also be used for analysis of raw materials. Each phase produces a unique diffraction pattern independent of others, with the intensity of each pattern proportional to that phases concentration in a mixture.  5, record 7, English, - x%2Dray%20powder%20diffraction

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Diffraction de rayons sur poudres : analyse quantitative de composés modèles du ciment anhydre. [...] Ce stage sera consacré à la caractérisation par diffraction des rayons X de mélanges d'alites de synthèse M1 et M3. La méthode expérimentale utilisée sera la diffraction des rayons X sur poudres jointe aux autres méthodes de laboratoire associées.  1, record 7, French, - diffraction%20de%20rayons%20X%20sur%20poudres

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 CONT

À l'aide de la diffraction de rayons X de poudres, différentes formes polymorphiques peuvent être détectées pour des molécules à activité pharmacologique.  2, record 7, French, - diffraction%20de%20rayons%20X%20sur%20poudres

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Photon excitation : X-ray emission induced by the impact of charged particles other than electrons, for example alpha particles, was discovered by Chadwick in 1912. High energy(1. 5 MeV) photons are associated with large cross-sections for ionization and very low backgrounds, two ideal conditions for very low detection limits that effectively reach 10[ upperscript-11]-10[ upperscript-12](g) for elements with Z > 15. On account of this high absolute sensitivity, photon excitation is used with Si(Li) detectors in many applications dealing with the simultaneous determination of trace elements in water, serum, blood and tissues.  1, record 8, English, - photon%20excitation

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fluorescence : Luminescence produite à partir d'un état singulet, très bref, excité électroniquement. Cette luminescence se produit après disparition de la source d'excitation (excitation photonique, souvent UV).  2, record 8, French, - excitation%20photonique

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La thérapeutique photo-dynamique dans le cancer bronchique précoce. [...] Sous l'action d'une lumière adaptée à la molécule, ce photo-sensibilisateur devient actif et toxique. L'excitation photonique permet de transférer l'énergie vers l'oxygène ambiant qui prend alors la forme d'oxygène singulé. Cet oxygène est extrêmement réactif et toxique et oxyde tous les constituants tissulaires situés à son contact.  3, record 8, French, - excitation%20photonique

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

For the determination of trace elements in solid samples, methods are being developed for direct analysis : electrothermal vaporization(ETV) and laser ablation are used in solid sampling ETV-ICP-MS and LA-ICP-MS respectively. These methods aim at the analysis of plastics, photographic and thermographic materials, diamond, geological samples and gels. Methods are also developed for the chemical speciation of these trace elements by temperature-programmed ETV-ICP-MS.  1, record 9, English, - electrothermal%20vaporization

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le FAPES [spectrométrie d'émission de plasma à four d'atomisation] est une technique d'analyse élémentaire dans laquelle l'échantillon est introduit dans un accessoire de vaporisation électrothermique (ETV) très semblable à ceux utilisés pour la spectrométrie d'absorption atomique à four de graphite (GFAAS), et en sort atomisé dans un plasma d'hélium ou d'argon. Le spectre d'émission atomique des éléments vaporisés est alors observé à l'aide d'un spectromètre multicanaux. Cette technique combine les avantages du GFAAS (excellentes limites de détection, applicabilité à des volumes de l'ordre du microlitre) avec l'un des principaux avantages de la spectrométrie d'émission atomique (analyse multiélément simultanée).  1, record 9, French, - vaporisation%20%C3%A9lectrothermique

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fisheries and Oceans Canada. Series: Canadian technical report of hydrography and ocean sciences, 133.  1, record 11, English, - Determination%20of%20trace%20metals%20in%20estuarine%20sediment%20pore%20waters%20containing%20high%20concentrations%20of%20iron

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish