TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The goal of iterative learning is to learn from systematic and repeatable errors of previous trials and to improve the following trial.  2, record 1, English, - iterative%20learning

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Mis à part l'apprentissage itératif qui n'est utilisable qu'avec un système répétitif, les approches de contrôle adaptatif sont suffisamment génériques pour être appliquées dans de nombreux domaines.  2, record 1, French, - apprentissage%20it%C3%A9ratif

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Learning during which the organism is reinforced for making a certain response in order to increase the probability of that response on the next trial.  2, record 2, English, - operant%20learning

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

employment counselling  3, record 2, English, - operant%20learning

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

counselling d'emploi  2, record 2, French, - apprentissage%20op%C3%A9rant

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The learning theory of Thorndike represents the original S-R framework of behavioral psychology :Learning is the result of associations forming between stimuli and responses. Such associations or "habits" become strengthened or weakened by the nature and frequency of the S-R pairings. The paradigm for S-R theory was trial and error learning in which certain responses come to dominate others due to rewards.  3, record 3, English, - trial%20and%20error%20learning

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Trial and error learning. Students now are rewarded almost exclusively for getting the right answer on a test. A system more in tune with leadership in today's world would involve students more often in trial and error projects, in which one learns from what goes wrong as well as what goes right.  4, record 3, English, - trial%20and%20error%20learning

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Apprentissage par tâtonnement.  1, record 3, French, - apprentissage%20par%20essais%20et%20erreurs

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'expression «trial and error» fut utilisée primitivement par le philosophe écossais Alexander Bain (1818-1903) pour désigner la méthode d'apprentissage fondée sur l'association : les essais infructueux s'éliminent alors que les essais couronnés de succès se combinent entre eux, se renforcent mutuellement, favorisant ainsi l'apparition d'un nouveau comportement. En d'autres termes, nous dirions avec Alain qu'il faut «chercher et barboter pour raisonner vraiment, car la vraie pensée ne naît jamais que d'erreurs surmontées». (Propos sur l'éducation.)  1, record 3, French, - apprentissage%20par%20essais%20et%20erreurs

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Forma de descubrir la mejor manera de alcanzar el resultado deseado o unas soluciones correctas, probando uno o más modos o medios, observando y eliminando los errores o causas de fracaso.  1, record 3, Spanish, - aprendizaje%20por%20ensayo%20y%20error

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The CALT(Conditional Associative Learning Test), presents four identical stimuli in a random spatial array to be associated with four identical response items according to location alone. Subjects must learn, through trial and error, which stimulus is linked with which response. Feedback is provided during each trial, which continues until a correct spatial association is achieved. The score is the number of trials to complete 12 consecutive correct responses. The number of errors is also recorded.  2, record 4, English, - conditional%20associative%20learning%20test

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Explicit learning is fast and may take place after only one training trial. It often involves association of simultaneous stimuli and permits storage of information about a single event that happens in a particular time and place; it therefore affords a sense of familiarity about previous events.  1, record 5, English, - explicit%20learning

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'apprentissage explicite, rapide, peut résulter d'une seule expérience. Il nécessite souvent l'association de stimuli simultanés et forme des souvenirs d'événements localisés dans le temps et l'espace; il est notamment à l'origine de la sensation de familiarité des souvenirs d'événements anciens.  1, record 5, French, - apprentissage%20explicite

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish