TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Wedge politics involves treating Aristotle's "Law of the Excluded Middle" as universal. If one side of an issue is right, then the other must be wrong—there is no in-between. Controversial topics like abortion, gun control, or confederate statues are polarizing, forcing people to choose a side, for or against.  3, record 1, English, - wedge%20issue%20politics

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

«Quand la lutte politique est serrée et qu'il faut aller chercher des votes, peu importe où ils se trouvent, les partis les plus audacieux se tournent désormais vers la politique de la division», [...] En clair, il s'agit de gagner des voix en exploitant un enjeu qui déchire la population et les partisans du camp adverse.  1, record 1, French, - politique%20de%20la%20division

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 CONT

C'est lorsqu'éclate un débat déchirant touchant les convictions et les valeurs profondes des gens [que la politique de la division] prend tout son sens. Des exemples? L'avortement, le mariage gai, le financement de la recherche sur les cellules souches, l'euthanasie, l'immigration. [...] C'est le vieux concept de «diviser pour régner».  1, record 1, French, - politique%20de%20la%20division

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The United Nations Environment Assembly is the world's highest-level decision-making body on the environment, with a universal membership of all 193 member states. The Assembly meets biennially... to set priorities for global environmental policies and develop international environmental law. Through its ministerial declaration and resolutions, the Assembly provides leadership, catalyzes intergovernmental action on the environment, and contributes to the implementation of the UN [United Nations] 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.  1, record 2, English, - United%20Nations%20Environment%20Assembly

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'Assemblée des Nations unies pour l’environnement (ANUE) est l'organe directeur et de surveillance du [Programme des Nations Unies pour l'environnement] et comprend les 193 États membres des Nations Unies par composition universelle. L'ANUE a été créée en 2012 [...] et siège tous les 2 ans pour prendre des décisions stratégiques incluant les priorités de la directrice exécutive du [Programme des Nations Unies pour l'environnement].  2, record 2, French, - Assembl%C3%A9e%20des%20Nations%20Unies%20pour%20l%27environnement

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Physicians for Human Rights works at the intersection of medicine, science, and law to secure justice and universal human rights for all.  1, record 3, English, - Physicians%20for%20Human%20Rights

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Médecins pour les droits de l'homme : traduction non officielle donnée à titre d’information seulement.  3, record 3, French, - Physicians%20for%20Human%20Rights

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Equity arbitration relies on both equitable ideals and universal common law principles that have developed through the years. For example, a valid contract requires that one party made an offer, the other accepted it, and something of value was exchanged. If the parties never reached an agreement, there is no contract... In equitable arbitration, the arbitrator doesn’t have to follow legal technicalities or enforce parts of a contract that don’t make sense. The arbitrator can ignore certain terms that would make the outcome unfair if they were strictly enforced.  3, record 4, English, - equitable%20arbitration

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

I [testator] of etc.,... by this my last will [made this-day-of-] devise and bequeath all my real and personal estate whatsoever and wheresoever [including all entailed property of which I have power to dispose of by will]... to(universal devisee and legatee) absolutely and appoint her [or him] sole executrix [or executor] of this my will.("Williams’ Law Relating to Wills", 5th ed., 1980, pp. 1019-1020)  1, record 6, English, - universal%20devisee

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il est probable qu'on retrouvera rarement le terme anglais employé autrement que dans l'expression «universal devisee and legatee», qui désigne effectivement le «légataire universel», c'est-à-dire le légataire de l'universalité des biens de la succession.  1, record 6, French, - l%C3%A9gataire%20universel

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

légataire universel : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 6, French, - l%C3%A9gataire%20universel

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

I [testator] of etc.,... by this my last will [made this-day-of-] devise and bequeath all my real and personal estate whatsoever and wheresoever [including all entailed property of which I have power to dispose of by will]... to(universal devisee and legatee) absolutely and appoint her [or him] sole executrix [or executor] of this my will.("Williams’ Law Relating to Wills", 5th ed., 1980, pp. 1019-1020)  1, record 7, English, - universal%20legatee

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il est probable qu'on retrouvera rarement le terme anglais employé autrement que dans l'expression «universal devisee and legatee», qui désigne effectivement le «légataire universel», c'est-à-dire le légataire de l'universalité des biens de la succession.  1, record 7, French, - l%C3%A9gataire%20universel

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

légataire universel : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 7, French, - l%C3%A9gataire%20universel

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Extinguishment. The term has, in the law, no fixed, uniform and universal meaning, but varies with the subject matter to which it is applied; but usually it connotes the end of a thing, precluding the existence of future life therein, and has been defined generally as meaning a complete wiping out, destruction, or annihilation, and not a mere suspension; the destruction or cancellation of a right, power, contract, or estate; a discharge by operation of law; a termination; and, more specifically, as the annihilation or extinction of a right by its being consolidated with a greater or more extensive right; the extinction of a charge or equity by its passing into the hands of the owner of the lands charged; and it has been sometimes used in the sense of payment.("Corpus Juris Secundum", Vol. 35, p. 352)  1, record 8, English, - extinguishment

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

(extinguishment; extinction:) Both words are nouns corresponding to the verb "to extinguish". If there is differentiation, it is that extinguishment refers to the process, and extinction to the resultant state. Extinguishment means in law "the cessation or cancellation of some right or interest". (Garner, 1987, p. 235)  1, record 8, English, - extinguishment

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

extinction : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 8, French, - extinction

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A doctrine, perhaps the most venerable and universal rule of maritime law bearing on conflict of laws, that certain maritime matters are determined pursuant to the law of the state or nation whose flag the vessel flies.  2, record 9, English, - law%20of%20the%20flag

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Principe de droit international privé selon lequel les conflits qui surviennent à l'occasion de l'exploitation d'un navire doivent être soumis à la loi nationale de ce navire.  1, record 9, French, - loi%20de%20pavillon

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

loi du pavillon : terme recommandé par le Centre de traduction et de terminologie juridiques de l'Université de Moncton.  3, record 9, French, - loi%20de%20pavillon

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In the Latin language, "according to fact", or "as the fact indicates". Also, something that actually exists in spite of the legal ramification (e.g., a new government of a state may be extended recognition by another government as the actual government in control of the state, but not necessarily as a legal one).  3, record 10, English, - de%20facto

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The term de facto may also be used when there is no relevant law or standard, but a common practice is well established, although perhaps not quite universal.  2, record 10, English, - de%20facto

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

de facto: terminology used by Citizenship and Immigration Canada  4, record 10, English, - de%20facto

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Locution latine signifiant «de fait« ou «en fait» (et non de droit). Se dit d'une situation qui existe sans fondement juridique ou d'une autorité qui est établie sans base légale.  2, record 10, French, - de%20fait

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

de fait : terminologie employée par Citoyenneté et Immigration Canada.  4, record 10, French, - de%20fait

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Rights & Democracy presents the John Humphrey Freedom Award each year to an organization or individual from any country or region of the world, including Canada, for exceptional achievement in the promotion of human rights and democratic development. The Award consists of a grant of $25, 000, as well as a speaking tour of Canadian cities to help increase awareness of the recipient s human rights work. It is named in honour of the Canadian John Peters Humphrey, a human rights law professor who prepared the first draft of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.  1, record 11, English, - John%20Humphrey%20Freedom%20Award

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Droits et Démocratie décerne chaque année le Prix John-Humphrey pour la liberté afin d'honorer un organisme ou une personne de toute région du monde, y compris le Canada, pour sa contribution exemplaire à la promotion des droits de la personne et du développement démocratique. Le Prix comprend une bourse de 25 000 $ et prévoit une tournée de villes canadiennes afin de sensibiliser le public au travail pour les droits humains de la lauréate ou du lauréat. Il a été créé pour rendre hommage au Canadien John Peters Humphrey, professeur de droit qui a préparé le premier projet de la Déclaration universelle des droits de l’homme.  1, record 11, French, - Prix%20John%2DHumphrey%20pour%20la%20Libert%C3%A9

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[The import of embryonic stem cells for research purposes] is the first application of the law on bioethics [ ... ] authorising research on supernumerary frozen human embryos conceived in vitro and without a parental project.  4, record 12, English, - law%20on%20bioethics

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 CONT

France’s parliament gave final approval ... to a bioethics law that approves stem-cell research on human embryos ...  2, record 12, English, - law%20on%20bioethics

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 3 CONT

It is recommended to create a bioethical law, which will be inspired from the universal ethical principles and will offer a legal and bioethical framework to the research ethical committees in order to judge the relevance of the research...  3, record 12, English, - law%20on%20bioethics

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Adoption de la loi bioéthique. [ ... ] cadre législatif traitant de l'ensemble des questions relatives à la médecine et à la morale, aux droits de la personne et de ses caractéristiques génétiques, aux règles régissant le don et l'utilisation des éléments et des produits du corps humain, ainsi qu'à celles concernant l'assistance médicale à la procréation.  4, record 12, French, - loi%20bio%C3%A9thique

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La loi sur la bioéthique, qui traite les questions du clonage, du don d'organes et de l'assistance médicale à la procréation en France, est parue au Journal officiel [ ... ]  5, record 12, French, - loi%20bio%C3%A9thique

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 3 CONT

[ ... ] la loi relative à la bioéthique : protection juridique des inventions biotechnologiques, prohibition du clonage, des recherches sur l'embryon humain et du transfert d'embryons post mortem [ ... ]  6, record 12, French, - loi%20bio%C3%A9thique

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The practice of a state is shown by its acts and attitudes in its international relations with other states. When it becomes clear that each state acts in the same way, or takes up the same attitude to the acts or omissions of other states, the practice is uniform. When there is a repetition of such uniform practice over a period of time, the practice is constant. State practice which is both uniform and constant creates a "usage". Custom requires a "general practice". No precise answer can be given to the question of how general the practice needs to be. So long as a group of states follow the practice, and accept it as law, there is a custom. All customs have begun in the same way, and become of increasingly universal application as more states align their practice to them.  2, record 13, English, - practice

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Terme qui, dans les expressions : pratique des États, des organisations internationales, d'un organe international, désigne une manière habituelle d'agir, de procéder, de décider qui ne constitue pas une règle coutumière mais peut contribuer à la création de celle-ci.  2, record 13, French, - pratique

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

This expression does not mean... an international law which is peculiar to the New World and entirely distinct from universal international law, but rather the complex of principles, conventions, customs, practices, institutions and doctrines which are peculiar to the Republics of the New World.  1, record 15, English, - American%20international%20law

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble des règles de droit international universel qui, sans exclure l'application des règles de droit international universel, ont pour objet de résoudre des problèmes et de réglementer des situations propres aux États de l'Amérique.  1, record 15, French, - droit%20international%20am%C3%A9ricain

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Women, Law and Development International, based in Washington, United States, is a nonprofit, non-governmental organization wich promotes women's full and equal participation in nations around the world by advancing universal respect for human rights, expanding rights education and legal literacy among women, and challenging discriminatory socio-economic barriers.  2, record 16, English, - Women%2C%20Law%20and%20Development%20International

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Point at which two or more solutions to an equation emerge (e.g. turning point transcritical point, pitchfork).  5, record 17, English, - branch%20point

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Hahn (1956) comments that "A point on a curve is called a branch point if the boundary of any arbitrarily small neighborhood has more than two points in common with the curve".  4, record 17, English, - branch%20point

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 CONT

An exact analysis of the bifurcation points in the Verhulst process reveals a law of basic importance for nonlinear phenomena. This concerns the lengths of the parameter intervals in which a particular period is stable. The intervals are shortened at each period doubling by a factor which approaches a universal value as the period increases. This number is now called the "Feigenbaum number".  6, record 17, English, - branch%20point

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Point de l'espace d'où émergent les branches d'une bifurcation.  4, record 17, French, - point%20de%20bifurcation

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le terme "point de bifurcation" est d'usage courant en mathématiques et en physique tandis que "point de branchement" est surtout utilisé en chimie des polymères.  4, record 17, French, - point%20de%20bifurcation

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Le point de bifurcation apparaît, caractérise, compose, décrit une trajectoire, disparaît, divise une ligne, naît.  4, record 17, French, - point%20de%20bifurcation

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 PHR

ensemble de points de bifurcation.  4, record 17, French, - point%20de%20bifurcation

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Universality of International Law. On the level of unorganised international society, the geographical scope of international law is universal, in the sense that it extends to the whole world. International law on this level comprises the sum total of the rules from which the seven fundamental and inter-related principles of sovereignty, recognition, consent, good faith, freedom of the seas, responsibility and self-defence can be abstracted.  1, record 19, English, - universality%20of%20international%20law

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Caractère de ce qui est universel, de ce qui n'est pas propre à quelques-uns. Dans l'ordre international : Caractère de règles s'appliquant à tous les États par opposition aux règles qui ne valent que pour certains États. Universalité du droit international ou de certaines de ses règles.  1, record 19, French, - universalit%C3%A9%20du%20droit%20international

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish