TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A serious state in which an ill or injured individual has dangerously unstable or abnormal vital signs and typically requires short-term life support measures(such as mechanical respiration or defibrillation) for stabilization and support prior to or during recovery.  2, record 1, English, - critical%20condition

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

What does critical condition mean? The person’s vital signs are unstable and outside of their normal limits. They may be unconscious. The doctor expects the outcome to be poor, or they can’t predict how the person will fare.  3, record 1, English, - critical%20condition

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une personne est en état critique lorsque sa vie est menacée. Son état peut s'expliquer par le fait qu'un organe vital, voire plusieurs organes à la fois (p. ex. : le cerveau, le cœur, le poumon), cessent de fonctionner normalement.  2, record 1, French, - d%C3%A9tresse%20vitale

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Activation occurs when a particle interacts with an atomic nucleus, shifting the nucleus into an unstable state, and causing it to become radioactive.  3, record 2, English, - radioactivation

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Processus par lequel un nucléide stable est transformé en un nucléide radioactif.  1, record 2, French, - radioactivation

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

radioactivation; activation : désignations et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 21 septembre 2005.  2, record 2, French, - radioactivation

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... the state of a ship that is unstable when upright(i. e. has a negative metacentric height) and therefore takes on an angle of heel to either port or starboard.  2, record 3, English, - angle%20of%20loll

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On dit qu’un navire a une stabilité négative (angle de gîte permanente) lorsqu’il est instable à la verticale en raison d’une hauteur métacentrique (GM) négative, mais qu’il devient stable à un certain angle d’inclinaison.  2, record 3, French, - angle%20de%20g%C3%AEte%20permanente

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A condition in which the aircraft is unnecessarily placed in a condition that increases risk to safety.  3, record 4, English, - undesired%20aircraft%20state

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Undesired aircraft state] includes incorrect navigation, undesirable fuel state, unstable approach, long landing and so on.  3, record 4, English, - undesired%20aircraft%20state

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

stable : A non-convective state in the atmosphere, opposite of unstable.  1, record 5, English, - non%2Dconvective%20state

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

stable : État non convectif de l'atmosphère, opposé à «instable».  1, record 5, French, - %C3%A9tat%20non%20convectif

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A device used for amplification or generation of microwaves, in which atoms or molecules are raised to an unstable energy state and stimulated by microwave energy to produce excess energy at the same frequency and phase as the input.  3, record 7, English, - maser

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The word "maser" is derived from "microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation," the latter being almost never used except for explanatory purposes.  3, record 7, English, - maser

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Due to its low-noise characteristics, the maser is used to amplify extremely weak signals; as an oscillator, its frequency stability is remarkable.  3, record 7, English, - maser

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dispositif servant d'amplificateur ou d'oscillateur par l'introduction de micro-ondes pour stimuler un ensemble d'atomes ou de molécules à l'état instable.  2, record 7, French, - maser

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La réaction produit un gain d'énergie et le rayonnement obtenu est la reproduction fidèle en fréquence et en phase du rayonnement de stimulation.  2, record 7, French, - maser

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Comme amplificateur, le maser est caractérisé par son faible bruit. Comme oscillateur, sa fréquence est très stable de sorte qu'on l'utilise souvent dans les horloges atomiques.  2, record 7, French, - maser

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] el maser emite microondas (aunque también los hay de infrarrojos) y permite amplificar centenares de veces las ondas centimétricas muy débiles. En el maser se usan materias paramagnéticas muy variadas apropiadas para cada uso a que se destina ese potente amplificador y, así, existen maseres de estado sólido (el material es un semiconductor) y de gas, entre los cuales destacan los de amoníaco (para relojes atómicos) y de hidrógeno.  2, record 7, Spanish, - m%C3%A1ser

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

maser: expresión inglesa que comprende las iniciales de "Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation" (amplificación de microondas por emisión estimulada de radiaciones).  2, record 7, Spanish, - m%C3%A1ser

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A radioactive mineral consisting of thorium silicate.  2, record 8, English, - thorite

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The radioactivity of thorite often brings it to a state of metamiction, in which its crystal structure becomes unstable thereby causing the crystal edges to become smooth and rounded. When this happens, the thorite may gain hydroxyl(OH) molecules in place of the silica(SiO₄) molecules and transform into a different mineral, thorogummite.  3, record 8, English, - thorite

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Thorite is currently an important ore of uranium. A variety of thorite often called "uranothorite" is particularly rich in uranium ... Other varieties of thorite include "orangite," an orange variety; "calciothorite" an impure variety with trace amounts of calcium and "freyalite" actually a discredited variety containing cerium ([which] turned out to be an altered form of the mineral melanocerite).  4, record 8, English, - thorite

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formulas: (Th,U)SiO₄ or (Th,Fe,Y,P,Ca)SiO₄  5, record 8, English, - thorite

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Silicate naturel de thorium, du système cristallin quadratique [pouvant] contenir jusqu'à 25 % d'uranium.  2, record 8, French, - thorite

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La variété orangite possède une couleur jaune-orangé [...] Il existe une variété uranifère, l'uranothorite.  3, record 8, French, - thorite

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Formules chimiques : (Th,U)SiO₄ ou (Th,Fe,Y,P,Ca)SiO₄  4, record 8, French, - thorite

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The state in which a disturbance may cause a body (or a system) to be displaced from its rest position, assuming a new position of equilibrium; left alone the body (or the system) does not return to its original position.  2, record 9, English, - neutral%20equilibrium

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

equilibrium :state of balance. When a body or a system is in equilibrium, there is no net tendency to change. In mechanics, equilibrium has to do with the forces acting on a body.... However, a state of equilibrium does not mean that no forces act on the body, but only that the forces are balanced.... The stability of a body is a measure of its ability to return to a position of equilibrium after being disturbed. It depends on the shape of the body and the location of its center of gravity... A body with a large flat base and a low center of gravity will be very stable, returning quickly to its position of equilibrium after being tipped. However, a body with a small base and high center of gravity will tend to topple if tipped and is thus less stable than the first body. A body balanced precariously on a point is in unstable equilibrium. Some bodies, such as a ball or a cone lying on its side, do not return to their original position of equilibrium when pushed, assuming instead a new position of equilibrium; these are said to be in neutral equilibrium.  1, record 9, English, - neutral%20equilibrium

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In case of a "wave perturbation", "neutral equilibrium" and "neutral stability" are often used interchangeably  2, record 9, English, - neutral%20equilibrium

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Équilibre d'un corps. Un système est dit en équilibre stable si, écarté de sa position d'équilibre initiale, il y revient de lui-même. Un système est dit en équilibre instable lorsque, écarté de sa position d'équilibre initiale, l'écart s'amplifie naturellement. Un système est dit en équilibre indifférent lorsque, écarté de sa position d'équilibre initiale, il reste dans la nouvelle position qui lui a été donné.  1, record 9, French, - %C3%A9quilibre%20indiff%C3%A9rent

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cuando un cuerpo es ligeramente apartado de su posición, puede comportarse de tres modos diferentes que constituyen otras tantas formas de equilibrio: si vuelve por sí mismo a la posición primitiva es que se halla en equilibrio estable; si se queda inmóvil en la mueva posición, se halla en equilibrio indiferente [...].  1, record 9, Spanish, - equilibrio%20indiferente

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The number of molecules(or atoms) reacting per unit time. It has been explained by a combination of two theoretical models, the so-called collision theory and the transition state theory.... The collision theory provides a qualitative description of the factors that affect rate and proposes that reactions occur as a result of collisions between the reacting species.... The transition state theory expands upon the collision theory by proposing that an unstable transition state, or activated complex, is formed when reactants collide with the proper orientation and with a collision energy at least equal to the activation energy.  1, record 10, English, - reaction%20rate

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

An important numerical relationship emerges from the Michaelis-Menten equation in the special case when the initial reaction rate is exactly one-half the maximum velocity: we find that the substrate concentration is then equal to the enzyme’s Km.  2, record 10, English, - reaction%20rate

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Du fait de leur pouvoir catalytique, les enzymes sont capables de faire s'opérer, à 37°C et dans l'eau (seules conditions compatibles avec la vie), des réactions chimiques qui pourraient parfois se faire en laboratoire, mais dans des conditions beaucoup plus rigoureuses de température et de pression et souvent dans des solvants non aqueux. Les enzymes provoquent ainsi des accélérations considérables des vitesses de réaction : lorsqu'elle est catalysée par l'uréase du haricot rouge, la réaction d'hydrolyse de l'urée se produit 10¹⁴fois plus vite que lors d'une hydrolyse chimique classique à la même température.  1, record 10, French, - vitesse%20de%20r%C3%A9action

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In a trigger circuit, a state in which the circuit remains for a finite period of time at the end of which it returns to a stable state without the application of a pulse.  3, record 11, English, - unstable%20state

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

unstable state; metastable state; quasistable state : terms standardized by CSA and ISO.  4, record 11, English, - unstable%20state

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

État dans lequel un dispositif à déclenchements demeure durant un intervalle de temps limité, à l'issue duquel il revient à un état stable sans application d'une impulsion.  2, record 11, French, - %C3%A9tat%20instable

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

état instable : terme normalisé par la CSA et l'ISO.  3, record 11, French, - %C3%A9tat%20instable

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A trigger circuit that has one stable state and one unstable state.  6, record 13, English, - monostable%20trigger%20circuit

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

monostable trigger circuit; monostable circuit: terms standardized by CSA and ISO.  2, record 13, English, - monostable%20trigger%20circuit

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dispositif à déclenchements qui a un état stable et un état instable.  2, record 13, French, - circuit%20monostable

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

circuit monostable : terme normalisé par la CSA et l'ISO.  3, record 13, French, - circuit%20monostable

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Basculador que posee un estado estable y otro semiestable y que, por efecto de una señal exterior pasa del primero al segundo y permanece en éste, después de desaparecida la señal aplicada, durante un tiempo determinado por las características del cicuito; transcurrido este tiempo vuelve espontáneamente al estado estable.  3, record 13, Spanish, - circuito%20monoestable

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tending toward decomposition or other unwanted chemical change during normal handling or storage.  2, record 14, English, - unstable

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

An unstable chemical in its pure state, or as commonly produced or transported, will vigorously polymerize, decompose, condense, or become self-reactive under conditions of shock, pressure, or temperature. See also Stability.  2, record 14, English, - unstable

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Some substances are unstable; that is, they react when heated or when they come into contact with another product. As a result, they may cause pressure build-up or increases in temperature, or they may release toxic or corrosive products.  3, record 14, English, - unstable

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 OBS

unstable: The opposite of "stable," i.e. the chemical species concerned has a higher molar Gibbs energy than some assumed standard. The term should not be used in place of "reactive" or "transient," although more reactive or transient species are frequently also more unstable. (Very unstable chemical species tend to undergo exothermic unimolecular decompositions. Variations in the structure of the related chemical species of this kind generally affect the energy of the transition states for these decompositions less than they affect the stability of the decomposing chemical species. Low stability may therefore parallel a relatively high rate of unimolecular decomposition.)  4, record 14, English, - unstable

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

combinaison instable : qui se décompose facilement en ses éléments.  2, record 14, French, - instable

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

instable : Contraire de «stable»; en d'autres termes, l'énergie de Gibbs molaire de l'espèce chimique concernée est plus élevée que celle d'une référence sous-entendue. Ce terme ne doit pas être utilisé comme synonyme de «réactif» ou de «transitoire», bien que souvent les espèces les plus réactives ou les plus éphémères soient aussi les plus instables. (Les espèces chimiques très instables ont tendance à subir des décompositions unimoléculaires exothermiques. Généralement, les variations de structure d'espèces chimiques de ce type, appartenant à une même famille, affectent moins l'énergie es états de transition de leur décomposition que leur stabilité. Dans ce contexte, une faible stabilité peut signifier que la décomposition unimoléculaire est relativement rapide).  3, record 14, French, - instable

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Se aplica a los compuestos químicos que se descomponen con facilidad.  2, record 14, Spanish, - inestable

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

State of a column or layer of unsaturated air which becomes unstable if lifted bodily until completely saturated and if its lapse rate is then greater than the saturated-adiabatic lapse rate.  2, record 15, English, - potential%20instability

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

État d'une colonne ou d'une couche d'air non saturé qui devient instable si elle est soulevée en masse jusqu'à saturation complète et si son gradient vertical est alors plus grand que le gradient vertical de l'adiabatique saturée.  2, record 15, French, - instabilit%C3%A9%20potentielle

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Estado de una columna o de una capa de aire sin saturar que se hace inestable cuando se eleva globalmente hasta la saturación completa y cuando su gradiente vertical es mayor que el gradiente vertical adiabático del aire saturado.  1, record 15, Spanish, - inestabilidad%20potencial

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[In a chemical system :] a state in which the energy of the system is greater than that of its most stable state, but in which the system has not yet become unstable.  2, record 16, English, - metastable%20state

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'état vitreux peut être défini sous différents aspects : - structural : absence d'ordre dans la répartition des motifs structuraux élémentaires au-delà d'une dizaine d'Angströms; - thermodynamique : état métastable; - cristallographique : solide amorphe; - cinétique : passage continu entre l'état liquide et l'état solide sans cristallisation.  2, record 16, French, - %C3%A9tat%20m%C3%A9tastable

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

«métastable» : Se dit d'un équilibre, d'un composé, d'un mélange, dont la vitesse de transformation ou de réaction est très faible et donne l'apparence de la stabilité.  3, record 16, French, - %C3%A9tat%20m%C3%A9tastable

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A state of pseudo-equilibrium in which a system, such as a supersaturated vapour or supercooled liquid, has acquired more energy than that normally required for its most stable state, and yet is not unstable.  1, record 17, English, - metastable%20state

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[This condition] is often achieved by attaining the state very slowly. A slight disturbance, such as the addition of a small amount of the stable phase will produce the stable state.  1, record 17, English, - metastable%20state

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The term "metastable state" has different meanings in physics and in electronics.  2, record 17, English, - metastable%20state

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les faux équilibres apparents, ou états métastables, qui concernent des systèmes thermodynamiques à plusieurs phases, dans lesquels l'une des phases n'apparaît pas alors que sa présence est prévue par la loi des phases, parce que cette loi ne s'applique qu'à des masses suffisantes pour que les phénomènes de surface soient négligeables (Exemples : retards au changements d'état, sursaturation).  1, record 17, French, - %C3%A9tat%20m%C3%A9tastable

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Difference between the ground state energy of the activated complex of a reaction and the sum of the ground state energies of the reactants.  1, record 18, English, - energy%20barrier

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

An activated complex is an unstable, high-energy transition state in a chemical reaction, intermediate between the products and the reactants. Its energy is at the top of the energy barrier that separates the reactants and products of a reaction, or a particular step in a reaction. The reaction will proceed to products when at least this much energy(the activation energy) is supplied.  2, record 18, English, - energy%20barrier

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les enzymes augmentent la vitesse des réactions parce qu'elles abaissent les barrières d'énergie. Même lorsqu'une réaction est thermodynamiquement possible, c'est-à-dire quand les produits de la réaction ont une énergie libre inférieure à celle des réactifs, il peut exister un état intermédiaire d'énergie libre supérieure à celle des réactifs; l'enzyme tend à "aplanir cette bosse" du chemin réactionnel.  1, record 18, French, - barri%C3%A8re%20d%27%C3%A9nergie

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When molecules A and B react to give a product A-B, the reaction passes through a transition state A-B in which chemical bonds are being made and broken. The transition state is the most unstable species on the reaction pathway, and catalysis is achieved by stabilizing this state.  1, record 19, English, - transition%20state

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une réaction chimique telle que A -> P se produit lorsqu'une certaine proportion de la population des molécules A possède à un certain moment suffisamment d'énergie pour atteindre un état activé, appelé état de transition, où la probabilité de créer ou de détruire une liaison chimique pour former le produit P est très grande. Cet état de transition et au sommet de la barrière énergétique séparant les réactifs des produits. La vitesse d'une réaction chimique déterminée est proportionnelle à la concentration des molécules ayant atteint cet état de transition.  1, record 19, French, - %C3%A9tat%20de%20transition

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish