TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The angle between a suitable reference line in a body (such as the axis of a body of revolution or the chord line of a wing) and the projection of the velocity relative to the ambient undisturbed relative airflow air on to the plane of symmetry.  3, record 1, English, - angle%20of%20attack

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The angle at which the airfoil meets the relative airflow is called the angle of attack. As the angle of attack is increased, the changes in pressure over the upper and lower surfaces and the amount of downwash(i. e. air deflected downward) increase up to a point(the stalling angle). Beyond this angle, they decrease.  4, record 1, English, - angle%20of%20attack

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The angle of attack should not be confused with the angle of incidence.  5, record 1, English, - angle%20of%20attack

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

angle of attack: term standardized by ISO and the British Standards Institution (BSI); term officially approved by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).  6, record 1, English, - angle%20of%20attack

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'angle auquel le profil aérodynamique rencontre l'écoulement d'air relatif s'appelle l'angle d'attaque. Quand on augmente l'angle d'attaque, les variations de pression (au-dessus et en dessous de l'aile), de même que la quantité d'air repoussé vers le bas augmentent et cela, jusqu'à un certain point (angle de décrochage). Au-delà de cet angle, elles diminuent.  3, record 1, French, - angle%20d%27attaque

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

angle d'attaque : terme uniformisé par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie aéronautique (CUTA) - Opérations aériennes.  4, record 1, French, - angle%20d%27attaque

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

angle d'attaque; incidence : termes normalisés par l'ISO et uniformisés par l'Organisation de l'aviation civile internationale (OACI).  4, record 1, French, - angle%20d%27attaque

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ángulo de ataque; ángulo de incidencia: términos aceptados oficialmente por la Organización de Aviación Civil Internacional (OACI).  2, record 1, Spanish, - %C3%A1ngulo%20de%20ataque

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Aircraft to Satellite Data Relay(ASDAR) programme is sponsored by an International meteorological group in order to augment the collection of upper air meteorological data, and thereby improve the accuracy of global weather forescasting. It has been developed by Matra Marconi Space, UK in collaboration with the WMO to enable aircraft to generate and transmit real-time meteorological reports via geostationary meteorological satellites for global relay. It is an automated system offering significant advantages, including reduced crew responsibility delays and errors. ASDAR, operating in conjunction with meteorological satellites, has proved to be a versatile tool in obtaining meteorological data automatically from flights over both oceans and continents, especially over areas not serviced by meteorological stations. In addition, during the ascent and descent phases of the aircraft, observations at regular pressure intervals provide a detailed vertical atmospheric temperature profile near the airports. The meteorological data provided by this system has proved to be very useful for improving the weather forecasting service.  1, record 2, English, - Aircraft%20to%20Satellite%20Data%20Relay

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A pressure trough existing in the upper air.  5, record 3, English, - upper%2Dlevel%20trough

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... often refers to such troughs only when they are more pronounced aloft than near the surface.  5, record 3, English, - upper%2Dlevel%20trough

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] souvent réservée aux thalwegs qui sont plus marqués en altitude que près de la surface.  4, record 3, French, - thalweg%20d%27altitude

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

talweg : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2004).  5, record 3, French, - thalweg%20d%27altitude

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Vaguada de presión existente en la atmósfera superior.  1, record 3, Spanish, - vaguada%20en%20altos%20niveles

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Este término se reserva a menudo a las vaguadas más marcadas en altitud que cerca de la superficie.  1, record 3, Spanish, - vaguada%20en%20altos%20niveles

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A vertical-axis wind turbine whose rotor runs through an aerodynamic lift exerted on its blades.  4, record 4, English, - lift%2Dtype%20wind%20turbine

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Wind turbine blades are essentially airfoils. When air flows past the blade, a wind speed and pressure differential is created between the upper and lower blade surfaces. The pressure at the lower surface is greater and thus acts to "lift" the blade. When blades are attached to a central axis, like a wind turbine rotor, the lift is translated into rotational motion.  5, record 4, English, - lift%2Dtype%20wind%20turbine

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] éolienne à axe vertical dont le rotor tourne sous l'effet de la portance aérodynamique qui s'exerce sur ses pales.  2, record 4, French, - %C3%A9olienne%20%C3%A0%20portance

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

What is the big deal about having a negative tilt?(1) indicates a low pressure has reached maturity,(2) indicates strong differential advection(middle and upper level cool air advecting over low level warm air advection). This increases thermodynamic instability.(3) Indicates good vertical wind shear.  1, record 5, English, - thermodynamic%20instability

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

What is the big deal about having a negative tilt?(1) indicates a low pressure has reached maturity,(2) indicates strong differential advection(middle and upper level cool air advecting over low level warm air advection). This increases thermodynamic instability.(3) Indicates good vertical wind shear.  1, record 6, English, - negative%20tilt

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

What is the big deal about having a negative tilt?(1) indicates a low pressure has reached maturity,(2) indicates strong differential advection(middle and upper level cool air advecting over low level warm air advection). This increases thermodynamic instability.(3) Indicates good vertical wind shear.  1, record 7, English, - low%20level%20warm%20air%20advection

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

subtropical ridges : Deep high pressure systems, caused by the accumulation of air as a result of the convergence in the upper troposphere.  1, record 8, English, - accumulation%20of%20air

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

crête subtropicale : Système de hautes pressions atmosphériques causé par l'accumulation d'air en raison de la convergence dans la haute troposphère.  1, record 8, French, - accumulation%20d%27air

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A pressure ridge in the upper air, especially one that is stronger aloft than near the surface.  5, record 9, English, - upper%2Dlevel%20ridge

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The upper ridge will persist for several more days. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.]  6, record 9, English, - upper%2Dlevel%20ridge

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

upper-level ridge; upper ridge: terms officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.  7, record 9, English, - upper%2Dlevel%20ridge

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Crête de pression dans la haute atmosphère, spécialement lorsqu'elle est plus forte en altitude que près de la surface.  2, record 9, French, - cr%C3%AAte%20en%20altitude

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La crête en altitude persistera encore plusieurs jours. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.]  3, record 9, French, - cr%C3%AAte%20en%20altitude

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

crête en altitude : terme uniformisé par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.  4, record 9, French, - cr%C3%AAte%20en%20altitude

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dorsal de presión en la alta atmósfera, en particular cuando es más fuerte en altitud que cerca de la superficie.  1, record 9, Spanish, - dorsal%20en%20la%20altura

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A vent pipe that is connected at its upper end to a header or is terminated in open air and that is used to limit pressure differential in a soil-or-waste stack.  2, record 10, English, - vent%20stack

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

vent stack: term officially approved by the Lexicon Project Committee (New Brunswick).  3, record 10, English, - vent%20stack

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Canalisation [...] verticale sur laquelle se raccordent plusieurs branchements [...] son extrémité inférieure [débouche] dans une chute ou [...] une descente [...] son extrémité supérieure [...] rattrape une ventilation primaire.  2, record 10, French, - colonne%20de%20ventilation%20secondaire

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

colonne de ventilation secondaire : terme uniformisé par le Comité du projet de lexiques (Nouveau-Brunswick).  3, record 10, French, - colonne%20de%20ventilation%20secondaire

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Forced inspiration is caused by the contraction of muscles in the upper chest, such as the sternocleidomastoids & scalenes. These muscles pull the chest up and out even more, further decreasing the intrapleural pressure so that even more air will rush into the lungs to fill the void.  2, record 11, English, - forced%20inspiration

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 CONT

In a healthy subject everything works together to create large flows during a forced inspiration: 1 The greater the inspiratory force applied, the lower the alveolar pressure relative to pressure at the mouth, and the larger the flow into the lung. 2 During a forced inspiration the (subatmospheric) pleural pressure outside intrathoracic airways is lower than bronchial pressure. The pressure difference is largest at the thoracic outlet and smallest in small intrapulmonary airways. Hence large intrathoracic airways ... are subjected to a considerable distending force, and this helps in generating high inspiratory flows.  3, record 11, English, - forced%20inspiration

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le plus important [des muscles inspiratoires] est le diaphragme. [...] Dans l'inspiration rentrent également en ligne de compte les muscles intercostaux externes qui renforcent le mouvement de soulèvement des côtes et du sternum. Les muscles sterno-cléïdo-mastoïdiens n'ont un rôle que dans l'inspiration forcée; de même que les muscles scalènes.  2, record 11, French, - inspiration%20forc%C3%A9e

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 CONT

L'inspiration forcée et l'expiration forcée permettent au système respiratoire de s'adapter aux différents besoins physiologiques de l'ensemble des cellules dans des situations variables. Par exemple, un marathonien qui inspire profondément et utilise complètement sa réserve inspiratoire et la moitié de sa réserve expiratoire voit son volume inspiratoire passer de 500 ml (volume courant) à 4200 ml.  3, record 11, French, - inspiration%20forc%C3%A9e

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ice crystals formed by sublimation within snow, but beneath the snow surface.  5, record 12, English, - depth%20hoar

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Depth hoar [are] large coarse recrystallized grains of snow that are the end result of the faceting or squaring process within the snowpack, a process driven by temperature gradients. Such crystals are often weak and develop as a result of(locally) strong temperature gradients and resulting vapor pressure differences in the snowpack, especially in shallow snowpacks with cold air temperatures. These grains are formed through re-crystallization of existing snow grains as water vapor is transferred(sublimation and deposition) from warmer regions of higher vapor pressure(near the ground) to colder regions with lower vapor pressure(upper layers closer to the snow surface).  6, record 12, English, - depth%20hoar

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 CONT

According to the Colorado Avalanche Information Center (CAIC), shallow snow that sits on the ground under clear skies and cold temperatures creates depth hoar, also known as sugar snow or squares.  7, record 12, English, - depth%20hoar

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Depth hoar can be found near the base of the snowpack. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.]  8, record 12, English, - depth%20hoar

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Depth hoar is often the weakest layer in the snowpack and is a potential sliding layer for avalanches.  9, record 12, English, - depth%20hoar

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Depth Hoar is also called : Temperature Gradient (TG) (but this is an outdated term), sugar snow, squares, sometimes incorrectly called "hoar frost" by old, rural geezers.  4, record 12, English, - depth%20hoar

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Cup-shaped crystals are a common form of depth hoar.  10, record 12, English, - depth%20hoar

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 4 OBS

depth hoar: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.  11, record 12, English, - depth%20hoar

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cristaux de glace formés par condensation solide au sein de la neige, mais sous la surface de la couche neigeuse.  6, record 12, French, - givre%20de%20profondeur

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La conséquence en est un important changement de forme des cristaux. Ceux-ci deviennent anguleux avec l'apparition de petites facettes, un peu comme sur un diamant. On les appelle grains à face plane [...] Si la transformation dure assez longtemps et si le gradient de température est assez fort, ces cristaux vont grossir et prendre l'aspect de pyramides creuses, les faces striées un peu comme des gradins : leur taille peut devenir remarquable (5 à 6 mm de diamètre). On les appelle gobelets ou aussi givre de profondeur [...]  7, record 12, French, - givre%20de%20profondeur

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Le givre de profondeur se trouve près de la base du manteau neigeux. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.]  8, record 12, French, - givre%20de%20profondeur

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

givre de profondeur : Les Suisses Romands l'appellent aussi la neige coulante, à cause de sa grande instabilité.  9, record 12, French, - givre%20de%20profondeur

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

givre de profondeur : terme uniformisé par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.  9, record 12, French, - givre%20de%20profondeur

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cristales de hielo formados por sublimación en el interior de la nieve pero debajo de la superficie nevosa.  1, record 12, Spanish, - nieve%20en%20forma%20de%20az%C3%BAcar

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

His experiments led to the development of the cambered aerofoil, a feature that generated much more lift than a flat surface. Put simply, a curved wing surface causes the air traveling over the upper surface to move faster, and travel further, than the air passing along the lower surface of the wing. The air passing over the top surface has a slightly reduced pressure. The greater pressure below the wing exerts an upwards force, called lift, and within certain limits increases with airspeed.  1, record 13, English, - cambered%20aerofoil

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A tracheal or tracheotomy tube modified by the application of an inflatable ballon applied in the manner of a cuff around the terminal part of it.  1, record 14, English, - cuffed%20tube

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

When inflated the ballon acts to isolate the lower air passages from the upper air and food passage, permitting the application of a positive pressure respiration and/or preventing the aspiration of secretions, gastrointestinal contents, or blood from any site above the level of the cuff.  1, record 14, English, - cuffed%20tube

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ballonnet «cuff» : Manchon gonflable pouvant exister près de l'extrémité «malade» du tube trachéal en vue d'assurer une bonne étanchéité entre le tube et la trachée.  2, record 14, French, - sonde%20%C3%A0%20ballonnet

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Extrait de la norme NF-S90-100 reproduite avec l'autorisation de l'AFNOR.  3, record 14, French, - sonde%20%C3%A0%20ballonnet

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Seam Testing Methods... The air lance method uses a jet of air at approximately 50 lb/in. ² pressure coming through an orifice of 3/16 in. diameter. It is directed beneath the upper edge of the overlapped seam to detect unbonded areas.... The method works best on relatively thin flexible geomembranes....  1, record 15, English, - air%20lance%20method

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Air lance: A device used to test, in the field, the integrity of field seams in plastic sheeting. It consists of a wand or tube through which compressed air is blown.  2, record 15, English, - air%20lance%20method

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Lance à air: Appareil utilisé sur le chantier pour vérifier l'étanchéité des joints dans les feuilles de plastique. Il consiste en un tube à travers lequel on souffle de l'air comprimé.  2, record 15, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20de%20la%20lance%20%C3%A0%20air

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Seam Testing Methods... The air lance method uses a jet of air at approximately 50 lb/in. ² pressure coming through an orifice of 3/16 in. diameter. It is directed beneath the upper edge of the overlapped seam to detect unbonded areas.... The method works best on relatively thin flexible geomembranes....  1, record 16, English, - air%20lance%20seam%20test

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Air lance: A device used to test, in the field, the integrity of field seams in plastic sheeting. It consists of a wand or tube through which compressed air is blown.  2, record 16, English, - air%20lance%20seam%20test

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Lance à air: Appareil utilisé sur le chantier pour vérifier l'étanchéité des joints dans les feuilles de plastique. Il consiste en un tube à travers lequel on souffle de l'air comprimé.  2, record 16, French, - essai%20d%27%C3%A9tanch%C3%A9it%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20la%20lance%20%C3%A0%20air

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish