TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ottawa, Canadian General Standards Board, 1996. Standard no. CAN/CGSB-9.0, No. 10-96.  1, record 1, English, - Methods%20of%20testing%20pulp%20and%20paper%20%3A%20The%20laboratory%20beating%20of%20pulp%28Valley%20Beater%20Method%29

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A number of laboratory beating devices are in use around the world for routine testing and experimental work.... The two devices most commonly used in North America are the Valley beater and the PFI mill. The Lampen mill is more popular in Scandinavia, the United Kingdom and Australia. The Jokro mill is favored in Germany.... The Lampen mill consists of a hollow circular housing rotating around a horizontal axis at 250 rpm, in which a smooth spherical 10-kg ball is allowed to roll freely.... The pulp sample is milled by the rotating ball at relatively low consistency(3. 0% for softwood, 3. 6% for hardwood), providing a slow, gentle refining action. The main variable affecting the uniformity of action is the micro-roughness of the ball and housing.  1, record 2, English, - Lampen%20mill

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A number of laboratory beating devices are in use around the world for routine testing and experimental work.... The two devices most commonly used in North America are the Valley beater and the PFI mill.... The PFI mill... utilizes a grooved roll eccentric to a smooth trough on which the pulp sample at 10% consistency is distributed. The pressure between roll and trough can be varied by means of applied weights. Both the roll and "bedplate" rotate at high speed, but at different peripheral velocities; this action induces friction, rubbing and crushing of the fibers to produce the beating effect. With normal operation, there is no metal-to-metal contact and little wear on the edges. Consequently, the device rarely needs calibration.  1, record 3, English, - PFI%20mill

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il existe dans le monde un grand nombre de raffineurs de laboratoire [...] Les appareils les plus utilisés en Amérique du Nord sont la pile Valley et le raffineur PFI. [...] Le raffineur PFI [...] comporte un tambour rainuré et excentré, placé dans une cuve lisse. Le tambour et la «platine» tournent tous les deux à grande vitesse, mais suivant des vitesses périphériques différentes; de ce fait, les fibres subissent des efforts de friction, des frottements et des écrasements qui produisent l'effet de raffinage. Comme il n'existe pas de surface de contact métal contre métal et qu'il n'y a pas de lames qui puissent être usées, aucun étalonnage de l'appareil n'est nécessaire. Cet appareil présente aussi l'avantage de raffiner de petites quantités de pâte.  1, record 3, French, - raffineur%20PFI

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A number of laboratory beating devices are in use around the world for routine testing and experimental work..... The two devices most commonly used in North America are the Valley beater and the PFI mill..... The Valley beater... is essentially a miniature version of the Hollander beater. Although this device has a long tradition of use, it has some definite limitations and is gradually being displaced by the PFI mill. The principal disadvantage is the difficulty in obtaining reproducibility with respect to other Valley beaters and with respect to the same beater over long periods of time. The problem relates to variable wear patterns on the metal cutting bars.  1, record 4, English, - Valley%20beater

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il existe dans le monde un grand nombre de raffineurs de laboratoire [...] Les appareils les plus utilisés en Amérique du Nord sont la pile Valley et le raffineur PFI. La pile Valley [...] est une version miniaturisée de la pile hollandaise. Bien que cette pile ait été traditionnellement utilisée depuis fort longtemps, elle présente des limites bien définies et on la remplace progressivement par des raffineurs PFI. Le principal défaut de la pile Valley est la difficulté à obtenir des effets reproductibles par d'autres piles ou à obtenir les mêmes effets avec la même pile dans le temps. Ce problème est lié à l'usure des garnitures métalliques du tambour.  1, record 4, French, - pile%20Valley

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish