TERMIUM Plus®

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VALLEY WIND [18 records]

Filter results by subject field Alphabetical list of terms

Filter results by subject field

Alphabetical list of terms

Record 1 2023-02-23

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atmospheric Physics
CONT

Funnelling occurs when the wind flows through a narrow opening between two adjacent pieces of land, such as a narrow channel between two islands or a narrow river valley. This causes the speed of the wind to increase but does not affect its directions.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique de l'atmosphère
CONT

L'effet d'entonnoir se produit lorsque le vent traverse une étroite brèche entre deux éléments adjacents du relief terrestre, comme un étroit chenal entre deux îles ou une étroite vallée fluviale. La vitesse du vent augmente, mais sa direction ne change pas.

Spanish

Save record 1

Record 2 2023-02-23

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atmospheric Physics
DEF

[A movement of air] that ascends a mountain valley during the day as a result of daytime heating.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique de l'atmosphère
DEF

[Mouvement de l'air] remontant une vallée de montagne durant le jour sous l'action du réchauffement diurne.

Spanish

Save record 2

Record 3 2010-03-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Climatology
OBS

Slope and valley winds occur due to the differences in rates of heating and cooling of various portions of the valley floor and sides.... Valleys also create two other effects. When there exists a well defined regional flow, valleys tend to channel the general flows along the valley axis resulting in a bidirectional wind frequency distribution.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Climatologie

Spanish

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Record 4 2009-02-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
DEF

[An obstacle, such as] a mountain barrier [or a high structure barrier] holding back the wind and deflecting it parallel to the [obstacle].

CONT

Wind modification may occur from such projects as highways(valley, barrier or funnel effect) and high rise building complexes. These projects may create localized disturbances.

PHR

Mountain barrier effect.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
CONT

Effet de barrière. Une falaise, une montagne ou une chaîne de montagnes forment un mur que le vent heurte et doit contourner plus ou moins brusquement suivant sa force et sa direction. Dans le cas où le vent souffle presque perpendiculairement à une chaîne de montagnes, il arrive que le phénomène, si l'air est assez humide, crée en altitude des nuages de type lenticulaire du côté du versant sous le vent. La présence de tels nuages indique que la région est parsemée de zones de fortes turbulences, et qu'elle est donc dangereuse.

PHR

Effet de barrière des montagnes, du relief.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Fenómenos meteorológicos, climáticos y atmosféricos
Save record 4

Record 5 2008-03-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atmospheric Physics
DEF

A wind, named after the Maloja Pass between the Engadine and Bergall, Switzerland, that blows down the valley of the Upper Engadine by day and either up or down by night.

OBS

This deviation from the usual nature of mountain and valley winds is attributed to the fact that the stronger daytime valley wind from the south overtops the ridge and continues down the Engadine.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique de l'atmosphère
DEF

Vent du col de même nom des Alpes suisses.

CONT

Le vent de Maloja ne fait pas que le bonheur des amateurs de voile, il permet également la pratique du cerf-volant, parapente et deltaplane.

OBS

Les sources consultées, ne nous ont pas permis de déterminer le genre de «maloja», «malvaja» et de «maloggia».

Spanish

Save record 5

Record 6 2007-06-22

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
DEF

A very destructive avalanche wind occurring when an avalanche is stopped abruptly, as when it falls vertically onto a valley floor or when it displaces a large volume of air by flowing horizontally for a long distance.

CONT

The most destructive form [of avalanche wind is] the avalanche blast ... Such blasts may have very erratic behavior, leveling one house without damaging its neighbor.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques

Spanish

Save record 6

Record 7 2007-06-22

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
DEF

The air pressure wave which may precede (or accompany) an avalanche.

CONT

Destruction from avalanches results both from the avalanche wind (the air pushed ahead of the mass) and from the actual impact of the avalanche material.

CONT

[Powder snow] avalanches composed of dry snow usually generate a dust cloud as the sliding snow is whirled into the air ... Their speed may exceed 200 km/hr. ... Under certain circumstances, enough snow crystals are mixed with the air to form an aerosol which behaves as a sharply bounded body of dense gas rushing down the slope ahead of the sliding snow. This wind blast can inflict heavy destruction well beyond the normal bounds of the avalanche track.

CONT

Some slides, particularly large ones, appear to be preceded by an air blast or pressure wave. Destructive air blasts are not common. However, there are certain paths where the phenomena occurs regularly. When it does occur the air blast may extend about 100 meters beyond a major path.

CONT

Damage to trees from the avalanche was caused by the air blast. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.]

OBS

Sometimes reference is made to a shock wave. This is misleading since the air blast is not a true shock wave.

OBS

The most destructive form [of an avalanche wind is] the avalanche blast. It occurs when an avalanche is stopped abruptly, as in the case of an almost vertical fall into a valley floor.

OBS

air blast; wind blast: terms officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.

Key term(s)
  • airblast
  • windblast

French

Domaine(s)
  • Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
DEF

Souffle précédant le front de l'avalanche (en général mixte ou en aérosol).

CONT

Une avalanche en aérosol est un écoulement turbulent résultant de la suspension de particules de neige dans l'air, il ressemble à un gros nuage de neige se déplaçant à très grande vitesse. Il est précédé d'environ une centaine de mètres par un écoulement d'air (sans entraînement de cristaux) appelé vent ou souffle de l'avalanche. La pression de ce souffle est faible, de l'ordre de 5 kN/m², mais peut être suffisant pour provoquer des dégâts (arbres, toitures, etc.).

CONT

Le vent d'avalanche a endommagé les arbres. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.]

OBS

vent d'avalanche; souffle de l'avalanche; souffle : termes uniformisés par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.

Spanish

Save record 7

Record 8 2007-03-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atmospheric Physics
DEF

A wind of Sun Valley, north of Kufstein, in the Tyrol.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique de l'atmosphère
DEF

Vent du Tyrol au nord de Kufstein.

OBS

Les sources consultées ne nous ont pas permis de déterminer le genre d'«elerwind».

Spanish

Save record 8

Record 9 2005-06-02

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atmospheric Physics
DEF

A cold night wind in the vicinity of the valley of Brevenne in France.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique de l'atmosphère
DEF

Vent froid nocturne dans la vallée de la Brevenne en France.

OBS

Les sources consultées ne nous ont pas permis de déterminer le genre de «aloup de vent».

Spanish

Save record 9

Record 10 2005-05-16

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atmospheric Physics
CONT

A summary of how wind is perturbed by a hill is catalogued below. 1. Winds : neutral thermal stratification : a. Maximum wind speed is near the crest. b. Minimum wind speed is in the valley. c. In the lee of the hill flow separation and reversed flow may occur. 2. Winds : stable thermal stratification :...

OBS

thermal stratification: The layering of different temperatures of ... air caused by different densities, less dense floating on more dense layers.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique de l'atmosphère
OBS

L'inversion de température [...] affecte les 50 premiers mètres de la troposphère. Avec la nuit, surtout en hiver, le sol se refroidit plus rapidement que les couches d'air. Au cours de la nuit les premières couches d'air vont peu à peu devenir plus froide que celle située au dessus, la stratification thermique (plus on monte, plus il fait froid) est donc inversée.

Spanish

Save record 10

Record 11 2005-03-18

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atmospheric Physics
DEF

A strong, cold northerly wind in various parts of the Northern Hemisphere.

OBS

norther : The term has several specific applications : 1) In the southern United States, especially in Texas(Texas norther), in the Gulf of Mexico, in the Gulf of Panama away from the coast, and in Central America(norte), the norther is a strong cold wind from between northeast and northwest. It occurs between November and April, freshening during the afternoon and decreasing at night. It is a cold air outbreak associated with the southward movement of a cold anticyclone. It is usually preceded by a warm and cloudy or rainy spell with southerly winds. The norther comes as a rushing blast and brings a sudden drop of temperature of as much as 25°F in one hour or 50°F in three hours in winter. 2) The California norther is a strong, very dry, dusty, northerly wind that blows in late spring, summer, and early fall in the valley of California or on the West Coast when pressure is high over the mountains to the north. It lasts from one to four days. The dryness is due to adiabatic warming during descent. In summer it is very hot. 3) The Portuguese norther is the beginning of the trade wind west of Portugal. 4) Norther is used for a strong north wind on the coast of Chile that blows occasionally in summer. 5) In southeast Australia, a hot dry wind from the desert is called a norther.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique de l'atmosphère
DEF

Vent fort et froid, venant du nord, dans diverses parties de l'hémisphère Nord.

CONT

[Le] norther [est un] vent du nord sec et froid, soufflant sur le golfe du Mexique et surtout au Texas; [c'est aussi un] vent du nord, chaud et sec soufflant dans la Great Valley de Californie.

CONT

Naviguer en Amérique centrale. [...] la période des northers [...] commence. Cette période va de novembre à avril. En novembre les coups de vent de Nord sont de force raisonnable : 7 à 8 Beaufort mais au fur et à mesure que l'hiver avance, ils se renforcent et peuvent devenir très violents : force 10 ou plus.

CONT

Les températures peuvent néanmoins baisser brusquement sur le Golfe du Mexique lorsque souffle le norther, vent violent et glacial.

OBS

Le Grand dictionnaire encyclopédique Larousse répertorie «northern» au lieu de «norther». Norther figure dans les dictionnaires spécialisés de météorologie.

OBS

northern : Phénomène relevé en Amérique du Nord (centre et sud-est des États-Unis et occasionnellement golfe du Mexique), qui correspond à l'arrivée d'air polaire continental aux latitudes subtropicales, voire intertropicales. (Il se traduit par une forte et tenace chute des températures, la descente vers les basses latitudes d'un front froid et d'un anticyclone thermique postfrontal et à des influences néfastes sur les cultures. Le passage d'un front froid particulièrement marqué sur le golfe du Mexique peut y provoquer des vents de tempête.)

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Física de la atmósfera
DEF

Viento fuerte y frío de componente norte en varias partes del hemisferio Norte.

Save record 11

Record 12 2004-06-02

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atmospheric Physics
DEF

Hot, dust-laden, northwest wind in the lower valley of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and in the Persian Gulf.

OBS

It may set in suddenly at any time, and generally lasts from one to five days, dying down at night and freshening again by day; however, in June and early July it continues almost without cessation (the great or forty-day shamal). Although the wind rarely exceeds 13 m s1 (30 mph), it is very hot, dry, and dusty. The sky is cloudless but the haze is often so thick as to obscure the land, making navigation dangerous.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique de l'atmosphère
DEF

Vent chaud du nord-ouest, chargé de poussière, affectant la partie inférieure de la vallée du Tigre et de l'Euphrate et le golfe Persique.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Física de la atmósfera
DEF

Viento del noroeste, cálido y cargado de polvo, que sopla en la parte inferior del valle del Tigris y del Eufrates, y en el Golfo Pérsico.

Save record 12

Record 13 2003-10-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atmospheric Physics
DEF

Shallow wind which blows, by day and night, down the slopes of a glacier.

CONT

[The] glacier wind [is] caused by the temperature difference between the air in contact with the glacier and free air at the same altitude. The glacier wind does not reverse itself diurnally as do mountain and valley winds, but it reaches its maximum intensity in the early afternoon. The glacier wind is characterized by strongly turbulent flow.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique de l'atmosphère
DEF

Vent de faible extension verticale soufflant vers le bas des pentes, le jour et la nuit, le long des glaciers.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Física de la atmósfera
DEF

Viento local alternativo que sopla durante la noche a lo largo de los glaciares y hacia abajo.

Save record 13

Record 14 2003-09-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atmospheric Physics
DEF

A gentle wind blowing up a valley or mountain slope in the absence of cyclonic or anticyclonic winds, caused by the warming of the mountainside and valley floor by the sun.

CONT

A valley breeze develops during the day as the sun heats the land surface and air at the valley bottom and sides ... As the air heats it becomes less dense and buoyant and begins to flow gently up the valley sides. Vertical ascent of the air rising along the sides of the mountain is usually limited by the presence of a temperature inversion layer. When the ascending air currents encounter the inversion they are forced to move horizontally and then back down to the valley floor. This creates a self-contained circulation system. If conditions are right, the rising air can condense and form into cumuliform clouds.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique de l'atmosphère
DEF

Vent anabatique soufflant le jour le long des pentes, des vallées vers les montagnes.

CONT

Brise de pente et brise de vallée. De jour, le réchauffement de l'air le long des pentes produit un flux ascendant vers les crêtes, d'où un courant général vers le haut de la vallée, c'est la brise d'aval. De nuit, au contraire, l'air se refroidit au contact du sol et a tendance à descendre le long des pentes vers le fond de la vallée où s'instaure un courant général vers le bas de la vallée, c'est la brise d'amont.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Física de la atmósfera
DEF

Viento anabático que sopla por las laderas hacia arriba durante el día.

Save record 14

Record 15 2003-06-20

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atmospheric Physics
  • Environmental Studies and Analyses
  • Air Pollution
CONT

Mountain ranges have some very interesting weather patterns. One of these amazing phenomenons is the valley wind. Valley winds originate on south facing slopes in the northern hemisphere, and north-facing slopes in the southern hemisphere. When the face of the mountain and surrounding air is heated, the density of the air decreases. This results in the air rising to the top of the slope. During night, the process is reversed, and the air turns into a down slope wind. These winds can be quite powerful.

CONT

At night air cooled on the mountain slopes flows down into the valley displacing bottom air which rises and completes the cycle. Downslope or katabatic winds are usually moderate in strength.

OBS

downslope winds: bora, gravity wind, katabatic wind, etc.

Key term(s)
  • down-slope wind

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique de l'atmosphère
  • Études et analyses environnementales
  • Pollution de l'air
CONT

Le vent montant de la vallée ou descendant de la montagne, met [...] à l'épreuve plus d'un joueur.

CONT

Le mistral, il ne faut pas l'oublier; est souvent appelé vent «catabatique», c'est-à-dire vent descendant.

CONT

[...] on distingue plusieurs sortes de vents : vent de mer (sur le littoral), vent de terre, vent ascendant, vent descendant et foehn.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Física de la atmósfera
  • Estudios y análisis del medio ambiente
  • Contaminación del aire
Save record 15

Record 16 2002-02-07

English

Subject field(s)
  • Meteorology
DEF

Strong northerly squally wind, cold and generally dry, which blows down the Rhône valley into the Golfe du Lion.

Key term(s)
  • bise

French

Domaine(s)
  • Météorologie
DEF

Vent nord-est ou nord, soufflant de la côte méditerranéenne vers la mer [...] ses caractéristiques [:] fréquence [...] force [...] froid sec.

CONT

Le mistral s'établit habituellement à la suite d'un front froid ayant balayé la France du nord-ouest au sud-est et pénétrant ensuite en Méditerranée et peut durer plusieurs jours. Il correspond en général à un temps bien dégagé et son extension verticale est de 2 000 à 4 000 mètres [...] La vitesse moyenne du vent atteint fréquemment 50 km/h avec des rafales dépassant 100 km/h, tout en manifestant une variation diurne assez marquée.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Meteorología
DEF

Viento fuerte y racheado, procedente del norte, frío y generalmente seco, que sopla a lo largo del valle del Ródano hacia el golfo de León.

Save record 16

Record 17 1988-02-04

English

Subject field(s)
  • Environmental Studies and Analyses
  • Meteorology
CONT

Meso-scale wind flows play an important part in the dispersion of pollutants. These flows(horizontal dimension of 10s of kilometers) include :(i) land and sea or lake breezes[;](ii) urban heat-island circulation[;](iii) slope and valley winds. Such flows are most noticeable when skies are clear and when the macro-scale flows(horizontal dimensions of 100s to 1 000s of kilometers) are weak. Characteristically, these meso-scale features have 24-hour cycles(diurnal variations), so that the daily mean vector wind is small and thus, pollution is moved back and forth across the region without much dilution.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Études et analyses environnementales
  • Météorologie

Spanish

Save record 17

Record 18 1983-04-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • Archaeology
OBS

a loamy deposit formed by wind, usually yellowish and calcareous, common in the Mississippi valley, etc.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Archéologie

Spanish

Save record 18

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