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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Radial-directed shakes extending from the sapwood to the heartwood and characterized by a considerable extension lengthwise along the piece. They are developed in the standing tree and accompanied by a darkening of the adjoining wood and by local curvatures in the annual rings. [Definition standardized by ISO.]  3, record 1, English, - frost%20crack

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

frost crack: term standardized by ISO.  4, record 1, English, - frost%20crack

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fentes dirigées suivant un plan radial de l'aubier vers le cœur et ayant une étendue notable sur la longueur de la pièce [qui] se forment dans le bois sur pied et s'accompagnent d'une teinte plus foncée du bois adjacent et de la courbure locale des couches annuelles. [Définition normalisée par l'ISO.]  2, record 1, French, - g%C3%A9livure

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

gélivure : terme normalisé par l'ISO et retenu par le Comité technique de la terminologie française du bois de l'Association canadienne de normalisation.  3, record 1, French, - g%C3%A9livure

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Grieta radial que se produce en el tronco de las plantas leñosas como consecuencia, sobre todo, de grandes heladas.  1, record 1, Spanish, - atronadura

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A nearly vertical fracture developed by thermal contraction in frozen ground or in rock with appreciable ice content.  2, record 2, English, - frost%20crack

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fente de gel. Le gel provoque la fissuration de la surface du sol, en raison du coefficient de dilatation élevé de la glace; si les températures sont suffisamment basses, des réseaux de fentes de rétraction peuvent se former, ressemblant à celles que l'on observe dans les mares asséchées. La profondeur des fentes peut atteindre plusieurs mètres et leur espacement est variable.  4, record 2, French, - fente%20de%20gel

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... longitudinal cracks that occur in the bark and wood often extending several feet up and down and penetrating several inches into the trunks of affected trees.  1, record 3, English, - frost%20crack

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The colder the temperature the wider the cracks may open. Sudden drops in temperature do not appear to increase the appearance or width of cracks when compared with slow temperature changes. Soil moisture levels do not appear to affect 'frost cracking' of previously 'frost crack' injured trees, while wrapping or painting (using a white latex paint) appear to reduce this problem. In addition, wrapping and painting reduce sunscald, a trunk injury which may lead to frost cracking in future years. 'Frost cracks' start from old wounds resulting from trunk injury, branch stubs, basal sprouts or root death.  1, record 3, English, - frost%20crack

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Défaut du tronc d'un arbre dont l'écorce et le bois superficiel ont éclaté sous l'action du gel.  1, record 3, French, - g%C3%A9livure

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Hendedura o grieta profunda en el tronco de un árbol debida a las bajas temperaturas.  2, record 3, Spanish, - atronadura