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ALGORITHM [100 records]

Record 1 2026-04-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Pricing Theory
  • Marketing
CONT

... personalized pricing algorithms tailor prices to individuals or groups of individuals based on various characteristics. These may be found through consumer data about demographics, online behaviour, and transaction history.

Key term(s)
  • personalised pricing algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Théorie des prix
  • Commercialisation
CONT

[...] les algorithmes de tarification personnalisée ajustent les prix pour les personnes ou les groupes de personnes en fonction de diverses caractéristiques. Ces caractéristiques peuvent être établies en fonction de données sur les consommateurs, comme les particularités démographiques, les comportements en ligne et l'historique des transactions.

Spanish

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Record 2 2026-04-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Pricing Theory
  • Marketing
CONT

Some algorithms recommend or automatically set a price based on market conditions; these are known as dynamic pricing algorithms. Examples of market conditions include supply and demand, other firms' prices, inventory levels. Factors such as time of day, season, weather and local events are also monitored since they may have an impact on supply and demand.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Théorie des prix
  • Commercialisation
CONT

Certains algorithmes recommandent ou définissent automatiquement un prix en fonction des conditions du marché; ceux-ci s'appellent algorithmes de tarification dynamique. Des exemples de conditions du marché comprennent l'offre et la demande, les prix d'autres entreprises et les niveaux d'inventaire. Des facteurs comme l'heure de la journée, la saison, les conditions météorologiques et les événements locaux sont également surveillés puisqu'ils peuvent influencer l'offre et la demande.

Spanish

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Record 3 2026-04-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Pricing Theory
  • Marketing
DEF

An automated algorithm that analyzes various data sources to determine the optimal price for products or services in order to maximize profits.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Théorie des prix
  • Commercialisation
DEF

Algorithme automatisé qui analyse diverses sources de données afin de déterminer les prix optimaux de produits ou de services pour maximiser les profits.

Spanish

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Record 4 2026-03-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Statistics
CONT

The expectation maximization (EM) algorithm computes maximum likelihood estimates of unknown parameters in probabilistic models involving latent variables. More pragmatically speaking, the EM algorithm is an iterative method that alternates between computing a conditional expectation and solving a maximization problem, hence the name expectation maximization.

Key term(s)
  • expectation maximisation algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Statistique
DEF

Algorithme d'apprentissage non supervisé qui permet de trouver les paramètres du maximum de vraisemblance d'un modèle probabiliste même lorsque ce dernier dépend de variables latentes.

Spanish

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Record 5 2026-03-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

[The] gradient boosting algorithm is an ensemble learning method based on a combination of additive models (weak learners), which can gradually learn from the previous misclassifications to create a stronger learning model. This algorithm has been complemented with a feature selection process that increases the overall performance by extracting the most relevant features from the input data.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

Par rapport à un seul arbre de décision [...], l'apprentissage d'ensemble génère plusieurs arbres de décision afin d'obtenir une grande précision dans la prédiction. [...] l'algorithme d'amplification du gradient [...] combine plusieurs apprenants faibles en un apprenant fort en ajoutant séquentiellement des prédicteurs pour corriger son prédécesseur. L'erreur résiduelle est minimisée par l'ajout d'arbres [...]

Spanish

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Record 6 2026-03-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Using a clustering algorithm means [giving] the algorithm a lot of input data with no labels [to] let it find any groupings in the data it can. Those groupings are called clusters.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

[...] les algorithmes de regroupement visent à diviser l'ensemble des données en sous-ensembles relativement homogènes en maximisant l'homogénéité à l'intérieur de chaque groupe et en minimisant les similarités entre les différents groupes.

Spanish

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Record 7 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

The detection steps of the two-stage algorithms are mainly as follows: first extract features, second extract region proposal, and third is classification positioning.

OBS

two-stage algorithm: A "two-stage algorithm" should not be confused with a "two-step algorithm." "Two-stage" implies a process with distinct levels or phases of operation, while "two-step" refers to a process involving two sequential actions.

Key term(s)
  • two stage algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Inteligencia artificial
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Record 8 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
DEF

An algorithm that scans [a] list and allocates the first memory cell that is large enough, retaining the fragment left over.

Key term(s)
  • first fit algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

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Record 9 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

The stack algorithm ... is a metric first search performed iteratively: an ordered stack containing previously examined paths (of different lengths in bits and in symbols) is maintained.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Programas y programación (Informática)
  • Inteligencia artificial
DEF

En general, todo algoritmo que emplea un apilamiento, pero específicamente aquél que decodifica un código convolucional.

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Record 10 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Many ... explanation-based generalization algorithms also cannot alter the structure of their explanations. No additional objects nor inference rules can be incorporated into the explanation. These algorithms work by changing constants in the observed example to variables with constraints.

Key term(s)
  • explanation-based generalisation algorithm
  • explanation based generalization algorithm
  • explanation based generalisation algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

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Record 11 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

The presented boundary search algorithm has the following advantages: I. high precision, II. high efficiency, III. simple data structure. The collision detection and collision geometry modeling are important tasks which build the basis for the analysis of the contact kinematics and contact force computation.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

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Record 12 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Telecommunications
CONT

The Viterbi algorithm is a maximum-likelihood algorithm that can be applied to [the] decoding of convolutional codes.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Télécommunications
CONT

La méthode de décodage des codes convolutifs utilise des algorithmes d'estimation d'erreur basés sur un principe de maximum de vraisemblance. L'algorithme de Viterbi permet de déterminer ce maximum de vraisemblance de façon efficace.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Programas y programación (Informática)
  • Inteligencia artificial
  • Telecomunicaciones
Save record 12

Record 13 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Once the secondary images have been made, the property algorithm itself can be run. The inputs for the algorithm consist of the zone map of the entire region, column density maps, interpolation maps of the column densities of dust and [carbon monoxide (CO)] ...

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

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Record 14 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

[Researchers] first show that a direct adaptation of propagation algorithms for probabilistic networks is not appropriate ... with new observations and interventions.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
DEF

Algorithme dans lequel un objet est reconstruit dans différents plans, la mise au point étant réalisée visuellement ou par un algorithme convenable.

Spanish

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Record 15 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Nearest-neighbour algorithms are among the most popular methods used in statistical pattern recognition. The models are conceptually simple, and empirical studies have shown that their performance is highly competitive against other techniques.

Key term(s)
  • nearest-neighbor algorithm
  • nearest neighbour algorithm
  • nearest neighbor algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

L'algorithme du plus proche voisin illustre le phénomène de non-contrôle de l'erreur de fluctuation, lorsque la classe de fonctions [...] est trop grande relativement aux nombres de données d'entraînement [...] Cet algorithme produit une erreur empirique nulle, mais il généralise mal car l'erreur de fluctuation est importante.

Spanish

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Record 16 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
DEF

An algorithm that is an ordered set of fuzzy instructions that, when executed, yield an approximate solution to a given problem.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

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Record 17 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

The top-level algorithm is a multi-objective genetic algorithm (GA) whose goal is to obtain clustering schemes in which the network lifetime is optimized for different delay values.

Key term(s)
  • top level algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

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Record 18 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

From general observations in related areas of biomedical image analysis, it would seem that improved methods for neuron tracing are possible by bridging the dichotomy of global processing versus local exploration algorithms, exploiting the best of both worlds in a multiscale framework, and moving towards probabilistic rather than deterministic image segmentation approaches.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Save record 18

Record 19 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
DEF

An algorithm requiring a search of all memory cells available for allocation until one is found which fits best.

Key term(s)
  • best fit algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Save record 19

Record 20 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Computer Graphics
DEF

[An algorithm] determining the angle at which visual structures are projected on a view plane.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Infographie

Spanish

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Record 21 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Almost any probabilistic search algorithm can be analyzed using landscapes where the algorithm walks along the landscape graph an edge at a time. This means that even [genetic algorithms (GA)] can be seen as doing a local search.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

Récemment, les techniques développées en planification de trajectoires, autour des algorithmes de recherche probabiliste, permettent de traiter des problèmes de grande dimension en perdant la propriété de complétude (complet en probabilité).

Spanish

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Record 22 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

First, [researchers] propose a bi-objective optimization model integrated with irregular headways under daily operations. Second, a sequential search algorithm is developed that independently optimizes the first objective to obtain an initial solution and iteratively searches the improved timetables to minimize the total transfer waiting time.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Programas y programación (Informática)
  • Inteligencia artificial
DEF

Algoritmo de búsqueda, el más sencillo, en el que las claves se buscan secuencialmente desde la parte superior o inicio del archivo (fichero) hasta hallarse una correspondencia.

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Record 23 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

The enumerative algorithm was tested and refined through feedback from two rounds of large-scale experimental testing, involving in total the assembly of synthetic genes encoding 7,896 designs and assessment of their stability on yeast cell surface, detailed biophysical characterization of 64 designs, and crystal structures of 5 designs.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

[...] la procédure [Davis, Putnam, Logemann et Loveland (DPLL)] est un algorithme énumératif dont le but est de générer un arbre de recherche. Deux points importants renforcent cet algorithme, qui sont la fonction de simplification de la formule et celle du choix de la prochaine variable à affecter. Donc c'est bien grâce à ces améliorations qu'il est possible d'éviter certaines redondances dans la recherche effectuée.

Spanish

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Record 24 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Decision-Making Process
CONT

The introduced critical path algorithm allows for grouping linear activities into four categories regarding their critical status and their ability to influence project duration. The method is applied to a low‐pressure pipeline construction project and the results are presented.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Processus décisionnel

Spanish

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Record 25 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Monothetic clustering is a divisive clustering method that uses a hierarchical, recursive partitioning of multivariate responses based on binary decision rules that are built from individual response variables ... Based on the ideas of classification and regression trees, a monothetic clustering algorithm was implemented ... to allow further explorations and modifications.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

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Record 26 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Computer Programs and Programming
CONT

Once the analog to digital converter has converted the sound to digital format, its work is over. It can't understand what the words mean, and the speech recognition algorithm has to be applied to the sound to convert it into text.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)

Spanish

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Record 27 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Polynomial-time algorithms are considered to be efficient, while exponential-time algorithms are considered inefficient, because the execution times of the latter grow much more rapidly as the problem size increases.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

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Record 28 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

The focusing algorithm places all reflectors in their correct physical positions and thus allows relatively simple separation of reflections coming from above surface reflectors, the air-ground interface and buried objects. This substantially simplifies the task of object detection. Furthermore, the focusing algorithm reconstructs the reflector shape (how accurately this is done depends on the focusing algorithm) ...

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Inteligencia artificial
Save record 28

Record 29 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

The key to developing a parallel inference algorithm is to exploit or introduce independencies. In the sequential Monte Carlo samplers, this independence can lead to high variance in the resulting estimate. In [other algorithms], the independence is only achieved by introducing approximations.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

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Record 30 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

The candidate elimination algorithm applied to these data cannot produce a correct hypothesis. This is because there exist positive examples, whose least generalization covers some negative examples.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

[...] l'algorithme d'élimination des candidats [...] est un algorithme très simple d'apprentissage incrémental à partir d'exemples [...]

Spanish

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Record 31 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
DEF

An algorithm where the language understanding process uses syntactic, semantic, pragmatic and contextual analyses in an integrated fashion.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)

Spanish

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Record 32 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

The construction of suitable mesh configurations for spline models that provide local refinement capabilities is one of the fundamental components for the analysis and development of adaptive isogeometric methods. [Researchers] investigate the design and implementation of refinement algorithms for hierarchical B-spline spaces that enable the construction of locally graded meshes.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

[...] un algorithme d'optimisation locale va permettre de trouver une solution de coût inférieur. Un tel algorithme est appelé algorithme d'affinage (le terme raffinage est aussi utilisé), et permet d'affiner une partition. De même, la partition trouvée par l'algorithme d'optimisation globale peut ne pas respecter la balance de partitionnement.

Spanish

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Record 33 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Computer Programs and Programming
CONT

Object recognition is the process of matching a representation of an object's image to a representation in long-term memory. The properties of any given object recognition algorithm (including the algorithm that the human visual system uses ...) are determined jointly by the representations on which it is based and the operations that match those representations to memory.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Inteligencia artificial
  • Programas y programación (Informática)
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Record 34 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Web services and applications that utilize large amounts of semistructured data require data to remain consistent and be stored efficient. Several normalization algorithms for semistructured database systems have been developed to satisfy these needs.

Key term(s)
  • normalisation algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

Cette thèse introduit la notion de transducteur travailleur, forme normalisée de transducteurs séquentiels, cherchant à produire la sortie le «plus tôt possible» dans la transduction. À l'aide d'un algorithme de normalisation et de minimisation, [les chercheurs prouvent] qu'il existe un représentant canonique, unique transducteur travailleur minimal, pour chaque transduction de notre classe.

Spanish

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Record 35 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
DEF

An algorithm [that] makes decisions about what move to make next solely based on the minimum [or] maximum values of the heuristic evaluation function of the successors of the current state.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

Un arbre de recherche de Monte Carlo est un algorithme de recherche heuristique généralement utilisé pour la prise de décision.

Spanish

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Record 36 2026-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Recall that typical integer programming algorithms progress by solving a sequence of intermediate linear programming problems.

Key term(s)
  • integer programing algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

[Les chercheurs] ont défini au départ un algorithme de programmation en nombres entiers qui a comme fonction objectif la minimisation du nombre des éléments exceptionnels et des éléments vides.

Spanish

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Record 37 2025-10-23

English

Subject field(s)
  • Biometrics
  • Computer Mathematics
DEF

A set of instructions and rules for processing biometric samples ...

CONT

Biometric algorithms are automated methods that enable a biometric system to recognize an individual by his or her anatomical/behavioral traits. They consist of a sequence of automated operations performed by the system to verify or identify its ownership. These operations include quality assessment, enhancement, feature extraction, classification/indexing, matching and fusion, as well as compression algorithms, often used to reduce storage space and bandwidth.

OBS

The complete processing of biometric signals and data may involve: signal detection, segmentation, biometric feature extraction ..., quality assessment, biometric model generation, biometric template generation, comparison ..., biometric comparison decision ..., compression, decompression, etc.

OBS

biometric algorithm: designation and definition standardized by ISO in collaboration with the International Electrotechnical Commission.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Biométrie
  • Mathématiques informatiques
DEF

Ensemble d'instructions et de règles applicables au traitement des échantillons biométriques [...]

OBS

Le traitement complet des signaux et des données biométriques peut impliquer : la détection du signal, la segmentation, l'extraction d'attributs biométriques [...], l'évaluation de la qualité, la génération de modèles biométriques [...], la génération de gabarits biométriques [...], la comparaison [...], la décision de comparaison biométrique [...], la compression, la décompression, etc.

OBS

algorithme biométrique : désignation et définition normalisées par l'ISO en collaboration avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Biometría
  • Matemáticas para computación
CONT

[...] el algoritmo biométrico [...] permite almacenar en la tarjeta identificativa la información de la huella digital del ciudadano.

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Record 38 2025-10-02

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Electronic Circuits Technology
  • Computers and Calculators
  • Atomic Physics
CONT

A mapping algorithm or mapper is an algorithm able to find a mapping solution given a quantum circuit and a target device.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Technologie des circuits électroniques
  • Ordinateurs et calculateurs
  • Physique atomique
DEF

Algorithme qui permet de déterminer les modifications nécessaires qu'un compilateur doit apporter à un circuit quantique afin que ce dernier respecte les restrictions du processeur quantique.

Spanish

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Record 39 2025-09-29

English

Subject field(s)
  • Collaborative and Social Communications
  • Internet and Telematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Collaborative filtering algorithms are a class of knowledge discovery algorithms that give recommendations to a user based on the ratings of other similar users in the system.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Communications collaboratives et sociales
  • Internet et télématique
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

Les algorithmes de filtrage collaboratif reposent sur l'idée que, si deux clients ont un historique de notation similaire, ils se comporteront de la même manière à l'avenir [...]

Spanish

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Record 40 2025-07-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Encryption and Decryption
  • IT Security
DEF

An asymmetric cipher that uses two keys, one for encryption, the public key, and the other for decryption, the private key.

OBS

As implied by the key names, the public key used to encode plaintext can be made available to anyone. However, the private key must remain secret. Only the private key can decrypt the ciphertext.

Key term(s)
  • public-key algorithm
  • public-key encryption algorithm
  • public-key cryptographic algorithm
  • asymmetric-key algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Chiffrage et déchiffrage
  • Sécurité des TI
CONT

Les algorithmes asymétriques nécessitent la création d'une clé publique et d'une clé privée. La clé publique peut être mise à la connaissance de n'importe qui, mais le personnel responsable du déchiffrement doit uniquement connaître la clé privée correspondante.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Criptografía y desciframiento
  • Seguridad de IT
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Record 41 2025-06-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • Encryption and Decryption
  • Computer Mathematics
  • IT Security
DEF

A mathematical function used for encryption and decryption.

CONT

Most cryptographic algorithms are based on a substitution cipher, a transposition cipher, or a combination of both.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Chiffrage et déchiffrage
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Sécurité des TI
OBS

La protection logique des données échangées entre un émetteur et un récepteur peut être assurée par l'utilisation d'algorithmes cryptographiques paramétrés par des clés.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Criptografía y desciframiento
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Seguridad de IT
DEF

[...] función matemática usada en los procesos de encriptación y desencriptación.

CONT

Un algoritmo de cifrado o algoritmo criptográfico es un método matemático cuya utilidad es encriptar y desencriptar un determinado mensaje. Generalmente funciona empleando una o más claves como parámetros del algoritmo, de modo que sean necesarias para recuperar el mensaje a partir de la versión cifrada.

Save record 41

Record 42 2025-03-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Collaboration with WIPO
CONT

A class of algorithms have been developed that operate via an iterative offspring production process. These iterative offspring production processes are commonly termed evolutionary algorithms, and include genetic algorithms, mutation algorithms, and the like. In a typical evolutionary algorithm, certain attributes, or genes, are assumed to be related to an ability to perform a given task, different combinations of genes resulting in different levels of effectiveness for performing that task. The evolutionary algorithm is particularly effective for problems wherein the relation between the combination of attributes and the effectiveness for performing the task does not have a closed-form solution.

OBS

evolutionary algorithm: designation validated by Canadian subject-field experts from Concordia University, Dalhousie University, Laval University and Microsoft Canada.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Collaboration avec l'OMPI
CONT

Les algorithmes évolutionnistes (AE) ont des origines diverses : à la fin des années 1950, certains mécanismes d'évolution naturelle sont simulés via des programmes informatiques [...] Une solution fonctionnelle fut proposée par [un chercheur] en 1975, sous le nom d'algorithme génétique [...] dans le but de modéliser ces mécanismes.

CONT

Les algorithmes évolutifs sont des algorithmes stochastiques fondés sur la manipulation du processus d'évolution et d'adaptation des organismes dans les milieux naturels. Dans cette large classe d'algorithmes, on retrouve la sous-classe des algorithmes génétiques.

OBS

algorithme évolutionnaire : L'adjectif «évolutionnaire» est courant dans les textes spécialisés, mais il s'agit d'un anglicisme. Au contraire des adjectifs «évolutionniste» et «évolutif», il ne figure dans aucun dictionnaire.

OBS

algorithme évolutionniste; AE; algorithme évolutif : désignations validées par des spécialistes canadiens de l'Université Concordia, de l'Université Dalhousie, de l'Université Laval et de Microsoft Canada.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Inteligencia artificial
  • Colaboración con la OMPI
CONT

Los algoritmos evolutivos recrean la teoría darwiniana para resolver problemas de búsqueda y optimización. Trabajan con una población de potenciales soluciones al problema a resolver representadas en una estructura de datos que recibe el nombre de cromosoma.

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Record 43 2025-03-13

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

The two-step algorithm uses the (agglomerative) hierarchical clustering method, because it works well with the auto-cluster method. The algorithm is based on a distance measure that gives the best results if all variables are independent, the continuous variables have a normal distribution, and the categorical variables have a multinomial distribution.

OBS

two-step algorithm: A "two-step algorithm" should not be confused with a "two-stage algorithm." "Two-step" refers to a process involving two sequential actions, while "two-stage" implies a process with distinct levels or phases of operation.

Key term(s)
  • two step algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Inteligencia artificial
Save record 43

Record 44 2025-03-11

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Music (General)
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

The harmony search algorithm (HSA) is a swarm intelligence optimization algorithm which has been successfully applied to a broad range of clustering applications, including data clustering, text clustering, fuzzy clustering, image processing, and wireless sensor networks.

CONT

The HSA, inspired by musical performance process, consists of three operators: random search, harmony memory considering rule, and pitch adjusting rule.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Musique (Généralités)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Programas y programación (Informática)
  • Música (Generalidades)
  • Inteligencia artificial
CONT

[...] el algoritmo de búsqueda armónica se basa en el proceso de la improvisación musical [...]

Save record 44

Record 45 2025-03-11

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Clonal selection algorithms are ... inspired by the clonal selection theory of acquired immunity that explains how B and T-lymphocytes improve their response to antigens over time ...

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Programas y programación (Informática)
  • Inteligencia artificial
Save record 45

Record 46 2025-03-04

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

[The] Canada Research Chair in Generative Modelling, designs general learning algorithms for computers so they can fit flexible models directly from unfiltered data and build abstract representations on their own—creating powerful and flexible tools for making predictions or decisions.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

[Le] titulaire de la Chaire de recherche du Canada en modélisation générative crée des algorithmes d'apprentissage général destinés aux ordinateurs afin qu'ils puissent adapter des modèles flexibles directement à partir de données non filtrées et produire des représentations abstraites par eux-mêmes, construisant ainsi des outils à la fois puissants et souples de prédiction ou de prise de décisions.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Programas y programación (Informática)
  • Inteligencia artificial
Save record 46

Record 47 2025-02-11

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Linear prediction (LP) forms an integral part of almost all modern day speech coding algorithms.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

Les algorithmes de codage de parole peuvent être divisés en trois classes distinctes : les codeurs temporels ou de forme d'onde, les codeurs paramétriques et les codeurs hybrides.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Programas y programación (Informática)
  • Inteligencia artificial
Save record 47

Record 48 2025-02-11

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

The purpose of the cross-correlation algorithm is to calculate the time difference of [the] upstream and downstream signal.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

En utilisant un algorithme de corrélation croisée sur une séquence d'images prises à courts intervalles de temps, il est possible de décrire de façon précise le changement de position de groupes de marqueurs.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Programas y programación (Informática)
  • Inteligencia artificial
Save record 48

Record 49 2025-01-17

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Information Processing (Informatics)
CONT

Iterative algorithms are algorithms involving loops ...

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Traitement de l'information (Informatique)
OBS

Les algorithmes itératifs font appel à des boucles.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Tratamiento de la información (Informática)
Save record 49

Record 50 2025-01-17

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Information Processing (Informatics)
CONT

A recursive algorithm is an algorithm that refers to itself when it is executing.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Traitement de l'information (Informatique)
CONT

Un algorithme récursif est un algorithme qui comporte au moins un appel à lui-même et au moins une condition d'arrêt.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Tratamiento de la información (Informática)
CONT

Un algoritmo recursivo es aquel que expresa la solución de problemas en sí mismo y de una solución simple conocida; ésta, es una referencia que permite completar la solución en una cantidad finita de pasos. Los algoritmos recursivos pueden adoptar la forma de funciones que retornan un valor o que causan un efecto.

Save record 50

Record 51 2025-01-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Computer Programs and Programming
CONT

The hierarchical classification algorithm evaluates the membership value of an image object against a list of selected classes.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)

Spanish

Save record 51

Record 52 2024-11-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

The affinity propagation clustering algorithm defines messages that are exchanged between data points indicating the "affinity" each point has for another to act as its exemplar.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Save record 52

Record 53 2024-11-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Multi-level algorithms typically construct a graph hierarchy with the original graph at the leaf level and coarser approximations at higher levels.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
Key term(s)
  • algorithme multiniveau

Spanish

Save record 53

Record 54 2024-11-05

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

... an active preference learning algorithm proposes at least two new paths in each iteration ...

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Save record 54

Record 55 2024-10-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

[A] machine learning algorithm that assumes that the data points are generated from a mixture of probability distributions [that] aims to identify the underlying probability distributions that generate the data, and uses this information to cluster the data into groups with similar properties.

Key term(s)
  • distribution based clustering algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Save record 55

Record 56 2024-10-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

... a divisive hierarchical clustering algorithm ..., which groups alternatives into homogeneous groups with similar preferences [has been developed].

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Save record 56

Record 57 2024-10-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Clusters are dense regions in the data space, separated by regions of the lower density of points. The DBSCAN algorithm is based on [the] intuitive notion of "clusters" and "noise." The key idea is that for each point of a cluster, the neighborhood of a given radius has to contain at least a minimum number of points.

OBS

DBSCAN: density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle
OBS

DBSCAN : regroupement spatial basé sur la densité des applications avec bruit.

Spanish

Save record 57

Record 58 2024-10-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
DEF

... an unsupervised data mining algorithm used to perform hierarchical clustering over particularly large data-sets.

OBS

BIRCH: balanced iterative reducing and clustering using hierarchies.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

[...] l'algorithme BIRCH [...] a été développé pour permettre le traitement de grands volumes de données dans un espace mémoire restreint. Pour ce faire, BIRCH réduit la taille du jeu de données initial en le résumant sous la forme d'une structure hiérarchique [...] dans laquelle les points sont agrégés successivement en fonction de leur similarité et de l'espace mémoire disponible.

OBS

BIRCH : réduction itérative équilibrée et regroupement à l'aide de hiérarchies.

Spanish

Save record 58

Record 59 2024-10-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Isolation forest is an unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm that uses ... decision trees under the hood to detect outliers in the data set.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Save record 59

Record 60 2024-10-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

... the preference learning algorithm ... learns the customer's preferences implicitly from the customer's behaviours by using a RBF [radial basis function] neural network.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

La croissance exponentielle [de la quantité de] données personnelles, et leur mise à disposition sur la toile, a motivé l'émergence d'algorithmes d'apprentissage de préférences à des fins de recommandation ou d'aide à la décision.

Spanish

Save record 60

Record 61 2024-10-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Agglomerative hierachy clustering algorithm. This is the most common type of hierarchical clustering algorithm. It's used to group objects in clusters based on how similar they are to each other. This is a form of bottom-up clustering, where each data point is assigned to its own cluster. Then those clusters get joined together. At each iteration, similar clusters are merged until all of the data points are part of one big root cluster.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Save record 61

Record 62 2024-10-18

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • IT Security
  • Encryption and Decryption
CONT

... a symmetric-key algorithm transforms data to make it extremely difficult to view without possessing a secret key. The key is considered symmetric because it is used for both encrypting and decrypting. These keys are usually known by one or more authorized entities.

Key term(s)
  • secret-key cryptographic algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Sécurité des TI
  • Chiffrage et déchiffrage
CONT

Avec un algorithme symétrique, les clés de chiffrement et de déchiffrement sont identiques; la même clé doit donc être utilisée pour permettre une communication sécurisée.

Key term(s)
  • algorithme à clef secrète
  • algorithme de cryptage à clef symétrique
  • algorithme à clef symétrique

Spanish

Save record 62

Record 63 2024-10-18

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

[The] Random Forests algorithm [uses] a randomly selected subset of predictors as potential splitters during the tree construction process. A new subset of predictors is randomly selected at each node and then used in searching for the optimal split value. This further reduces the mutual correlation structure of the ensemble and improves its predictive power.

OBS

Random Forests: trademark of Minitab, LLC [Limited Liability Company]. The name is followed by the "R" symbol in a circle in superscript.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle
OBS

Random Forests : marque de commerce de Minitab, LLC [Limited Liability Company]. Le nom est suivi du symbole «R» encerclé placé en exposant.

Spanish

Save record 63

Record 64 2024-10-17

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Hierarchical clustering algorithms construct a hierarchy of input data items.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Save record 64

Record 65 2024-10-02

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Encryption and Decryption
  • IT Security
CONT

Hybrid cryptography combines traditional and post-quantum asymmetric cryptographic techniques ... Thus, a hybrid encryption protocol will perform "dual encryption" so to speak, using both a pre-quantum algorithm ... and a post-quantum algorithm, so that even if a potential attacker were to break the post-quantum encryption layer, the data would still be protected by pre-quantum cryptography.

Key term(s)
  • prequantum cryptographic algorithm
  • prequantum algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Chiffrage et déchiffrage
  • Sécurité des TI
CONT

La cryptographie hybride consiste à combiner les techniques de cryptographie asymétrique classiques et post-quantiques [...] Ainsi, un protocole de chiffrement hybride effectuera (en quelque sorte) un double chiffrement, à la fois avec un algorithme pré-quantique [...] et avec un algorithme post-quantique, de sorte que même si un attaquant potentiel venait à casser la couche de chiffrement post-quantique, la donnée restera protégée par la cryptographie pré-quantique.

Key term(s)
  • algorithme de cryptographie préquantique
  • algorithme préquantique

Spanish

Save record 65

Record 66 2024-10-02

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Encryption and Decryption
  • IT Security
CONT

Hybrid cryptography combines traditional and post-quantum asymmetric cryptographic techniques ... Thus, a hybrid encryption protocol will perform "dual encryption" so to speak, using both a pre-quantum algorithm ... and a post-quantum algorithm, so that even if a potential attacker were to break the post-quantum encryption layer, the data would still be protected by pre-quantum cryptography.

Key term(s)
  • post quantum cryptography algorithm
  • postquantum cryptography algorithm
  • post quantum cryptographic algorithm
  • postquantum cryptographic algorithm
  • post quantum algorithm
  • postquantum algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Chiffrage et déchiffrage
  • Sécurité des TI
CONT

La cryptographie hybride consiste à combiner les techniques de cryptographie asymétrique classiques et post-quantiques [...] Ainsi, un protocole de chiffrement hybride effectuera (en quelque sorte) un double chiffrement, à la fois avec un algorithme pré-quantique [...] et avec un algorithme post-quantique, de sorte que même si un attaquant potentiel venait à casser la couche de chiffrement post-quantique, la donnée restera protégée par la cryptographie pré-quantique.

Key term(s)
  • algorithme de cryptographie postquantique
  • algorithme postquantique

Spanish

Save record 66

Record 67 2024-10-01

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

The OPTICS algorithm organizes the data in a database by sorting it according to a core distance and a reachability distance that is appropriate for each item.

OBS

[A] density-based clustering algorithm [that] can extract clusters of varying densities and shapes ... in large, high-dimensional datasets.

OBS

OPTICS: ordering points to identify the clustering structure.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

L'algorithme OPTICS [...] généralise [une] approche [...] en proposant un ordonnancement des partitions possibles en fonction des densités observées entre les données.

OBS

OPTICS : ordering points to identify the clustering structure.

Spanish

Save record 67

Record 68 2024-09-27

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
CONT

Swarm intelligence algorithms (SIAs) refer to a class of iterative-based stochastic search algorithms used in computer science. They are inspired by the collective behavior of decentralized, self-organized systems, such as bird flocking and ant foraging.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques

Spanish

Save record 68

Record 69 2024-09-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

The authors [found] that [the] human annotators, who checked the output of their irony detection algorithm, [experienced] a lot of difficulties in assessing the ironic intent [in] isolated fragments.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Save record 69

Record 70 2024-09-24

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • IT Security
  • Encryption and Decryption
CONT

Key transport algorithms are public key encryption algorithms especially specified for encrypting and decrypting keys.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Sécurité des TI
  • Chiffrage et déchiffrage
CONT

Les algorithmes de transport de clé sont des algorithmes de cryptage à clés publiques spécifiés spécialement pour le cryptage et le décryptage de clés.

Spanish

Save record 70

Record 71 2024-09-20

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • IT Security
  • Artificial Intelligence
DEF

... a unique identifier ... for a given encryption or hash algorithm, together with any required parameters.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Sécurité des TI
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Save record 71

Record 72 2024-08-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
CONT

[The] k-means algorithm identifies k number of centroids, and then allocates every data point to the nearest cluster, while keeping the centroids as small as possible.

OBS

The "means" in the k-means refers to averaging of the data; that is, finding the centroid.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
CONT

L'algorithme des k-moyennes [...] est un algorithme couramment utilisé en analyse de données. Il permet de partitionner une collection d'objets en K classes, K étant un nombre fixé par l'utilisateur.

Spanish

Save record 72

Record 73 2024-07-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • IT Security
CONT

A [key agreement] algorithm provides for the derivation of a shared secret key based on a shared secret computed from certain types of compatible public keys from both the sender and the recipient.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Sécurité des TI
CONT

Un algorithme d'agrément de clé pourvoit une clé secrète partagée, basée sur un secret partagé, qui est calculée à partir de certains types de clés publiques compatibles issues à la fois de l'émetteur et du destinataire.

Spanish

Save record 73

Record 74 2024-07-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • IT Security
  • Encryption and Decryption
CONT

[Symmetric key wrap algorithms] are shared secret key encryption algorithms especially specified for encrypting and decrypting symmetric keys.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Sécurité des TI
  • Chiffrage et déchiffrage
CONT

Les algorithmes d'emballage de clés symétriques sont des algorithmes de cryptage à clé secrète partagée conçus spécialement pour le cryptage et le décryptage des clés symétriques.

Spanish

Save record 74

Record 75 2024-07-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

A greedy algorithm always makes the choice that looks best at the moment. That is, it makes a locally optimal choice in the hope that this choice will lead to a globally optimal solution.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

Lors de la résolution d'un problème d'optimisation, la construction d'une solution se fait souvent de manière séquentielle, l'algorithme faisant à chaque étape un certain nombre de choix. Le principe glouton consiste à faire le choix qui semble le meilleur sur le moment (choix local), sans se préoccuper des conséquences dans l'avenir, et sans revenir en arrière. Un algorithme glouton est donc un algorithme qui ne se remet jamais en question et qui se dirige le plus rapidement possible vers une solution.

Spanish

Save record 75

Record 76 2024-07-10

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Statistics
CONT

In the context of artificial intelligence and machine learning, algorithmic biases are systematic, repeatable errors introduced in a system that produce unfair outcomes. Biases in algorithms can arise due to many reasons, like decisions related to how data is collected, chosen, coded, or used in training the algorithm, the intended use, the algorithm's design, etc.

OBS

bias: designation standardized by ISO in collaboration with the International Electrotechnical Commission.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Statistique
CONT

Le biais d'apprentissage automatique, également connu sous le nom de biais algorithmique ou biais d'IA, survient lorsqu'un algorithme produit des résultats discriminatoires en faveur ou à l'encontre de certaines personnes. Souvent, ces résultats reflètent des biais cognitifs intentionnels ou involontaires ou des préjugés issus de situations réelles qui étaient déjà contenus dans les données d'apprentissage de l'algorithme.

OBS

biais : désignation normalisée par l'ISO en collaboration avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Inteligencia artificial
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Estadística
CONT

[Los dos] especialistas en inteligencia artificial [entrevistados] enfatizan [...] que la única vía para evitar el sesgo algorítmico y que la tecnología actúe con prejuicios es que los ingenieros y todos los involucrados en su desarrollo sean cada vez más humanistas, tengan más formación en valores, sean conscientes de su responsabilidad y del impacto decisivo de su trabajo en la sociedad, y se autorregulen.

Save record 76

Record 77 2024-07-04

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Deep learning (DL) algorithms are extensively used for analyzing big data in several domains including image classification, natural language processing, autonomous transportation, smart health, financial management, social networks, etc.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

Les algorithmes d'apprentissage profond sont basés sur des ensembles de neurones que l'on appelle des réseaux.

Spanish

Save record 77

Record 78 2024-07-04

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Machine learning algorithms build a mathematical model based on sample data, known as "training data," in order to make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed to do so. Machine learning algorithms are used in a wide variety of applications, such as email filtering and computer vision, where it is difficult or infeasible to develop conventional algorithms to perform the needed tasks.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

Les algorithmes d'apprentissage automatique sont utilisés à diverses fins telles que l'exploration de données, le traitement d'images [et] l'analyse prédictive [...]

Spanish

Save record 78

Record 79 2024-07-04

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Applications of Automation
CONT

Computer vision algorithms are designed to analyze images and recognize patterns.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Automatisation et applications
CONT

[...] afin d'affiner la précision de localisation et d'orientation, un système de RA [réalité augmentée] s'appuie généralement sur des capteurs de vision (caméras, capteurs de profondeur) couplés à des algorithmes de vision par ordinateur.

Spanish

Save record 79

Record 80 2024-07-04

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Atomic Physics
CONT

The current results are focusing on developing quantum deep learning algorithms which do not require a fully functional quantum computer. These quantum DL algorithms can run with quantum annealers, which are special-purpose quantum information processors ...

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Physique atomique

Spanish

Save record 80

Record 81 2024-07-04

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Computer Graphics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Several motion estimation algorithms address pixel correspondence directly. They first identify a set of local features in each frame and then try to compute a match between these features ...

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Infographie
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

L'algorithme d'estimation de mouvement employé [cherche] dans l'image précédente (dite de référence) [...] le macrobloc [...] ressemblant [le plus] au macrobloc [de l'image en cours d'analyse en fonction d']un critère de distorsion [déterminé].

Spanish

Save record 81

Record 82 2024-06-12

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
DEF

An algorithm which represents strategies as chromosomes and is a general problem-solving technique.

CONT

Although genetic algorithms act subtly, the basic execution cycle is quite simple: 1. Select pairs from the set of classifiers according to strength; 2. Apply genetic operators to the pairs, creating "offspring;" 3. Replace the weakest classifiers with the offspring.

OBS

genetic algorithm; GA: designations standardized by ISO in collaboration with the International Electrotechnical Commission.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

Les algorithmes évolutifs sont des algorithmes stochastiques fondés sur la manipulation du processus d'évolution et d'adaptation des organismes dans les milieux naturels. Dans cette large classe d'algorithmes, on retrouve la sous-classe des algorithmes génétiques. Ces derniers sont des processus d'optimisation de problèmes, fondés sur la théorie darwinienne. Un algorithme génétique (AG) a pour but de faire évoluer un ensemble de solutions candidates à un problème posé vers la solution optimale.

OBS

algorithme génétique : désignation normalisée par l'ISO en collaboration avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Inteligencia artificial
CONT

Los algoritmos genéticos utilizan representación binaria en los cromosomas y proponen al "crossover" –entrecruzamiento– como operador genético principal.

Save record 82

Record 83 2024-06-03

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

A parallel algorithm may involve a greater number of arithmetic operations than a serial counterpart. It is designed, however, so that many arithmetic operations an independent can be performed in parallel, i.e. simultaneously.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Inteligencia artificial
Save record 83

Record 84 2024-05-22

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

[The nonlinear autoregressive exogeneous model (NARX)] is a type of recurrent neural network [that] has the same training techniques [as] classical networks based on the gradient back-propagation algorithm.

Key term(s)
  • gradient back propagation algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

L'algorithme de rétropropagation du gradient fut l'un des premiers algorithmes d'apprentissage développé pour les réseaux de neurones multicouches. Encore aujourd'hui, il est utilisé à des fins de comparaisons lorsque de nouveaux algorithmes sont développés.

Key term(s)
  • algorithme de rétro-propagation du gradient

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Programas y programación (Informática)
  • Inteligencia artificial
Save record 84

Record 85 2024-05-03

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Computer Graphics
CONT

In this application, [tools were] used to develop an image-processing algorithm to re-process, segment, filter, and extract features from images of skin lesions. The features were then used to classify the various diseases (pathologies) as diagnosed by a dermatologist.

Key term(s)
  • image processing algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Infographie

Spanish

Save record 85

Record 86 2024-04-03

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Belief propagation algorithms are currently used in order to analyze systems which are modelled by networks. Whenever graph theory can be used to model information with nodes and connecting communications channels, the belief propagation algorithm can be used to infer information.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Save record 86

Record 87 2024-03-01

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Many realistic problems can be formulated by means of linear mathematical models. The simplex algorithm is the most used tool for solving linear programs.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
DEF

Algorithme pour la programmation linéaire réelle qui se balade de sommet en sommet.

CONT

L'idée principale de l'algorithme simplexe consiste à explorer de façon itérative les sommets de ce polyèdre, en se déplaçant de sommet en sommet tout en améliorant la valeur de la fonction objectif (en utilisant une caractérisation algébrique des sommets appelée base).

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Matemáticas para computación
  • Programas y programación (Informática)
  • Inteligencia artificial
Save record 87

Record 88 2024-02-29

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Algorithm hyperparameters ... influence how the model is trained.

Key term(s)
  • algorithm hyper parameter

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

[Les] hyperparamètres d'algorithme [influent sur] la vitesse et la qualité du processus d'apprentissage.

Key term(s)
  • hyper-paramètre d'algorithme

Spanish

Save record 88

Record 89 2024-02-29

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

An AI algorithm is a set of rules that enables computers to independently learn, analyze data, perform tasks, and make decisions.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

Un algorithme d'IA est un algorithme ayant pour [objet] de simuler l'intelligence humaine.

Spanish

Save record 89

Record 90 2024-02-20

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Generative algorithms ... can, based on a probability distribution, generate new data.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

Les algorithmes génératifs [...] cherchent [...] à apprendre une représentation des caractéristiques des données. Pour cela, ils apprennent à générer de nouvelles données[,] similaires aux données initiales[,] qui modélisent à travers une nouvelle représentation les caractéristiques essentielles de chaque classe.

Spanish

Save record 90

Record 91 2024-02-20

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Discriminative algorithms are used to classify input data ...

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

Les algorithmes discriminatifs ont la tâche de classer les données d'entrée [...]

Spanish

Save record 91

Record 92 2024-02-06

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

L'algorithme d'héritage consiste à identifier comme appartenant à la même unité (cellule ou système) deux zones dans des images successives et à leur affecter une étiquette commune.

Spanish

Save record 92

Record 93 2024-02-06

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

A randomized algorithm is an algorithm that employs a degree of randomness as part of its logic or procedure.

Key term(s)
  • randomised algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Intelligence artificielle
CONT

Un algorithme probabiliste est un algorithme qui fait des choix aléatoires au cours de son exécution.

Spanish

Save record 93

Record 94 2024-01-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • IT Security
  • Computer Programs and Programming
CONT

A black-box algorithm is an algorithm for which a user can only propose data as input and observe the outputs that result a priori causally from these inputs. ... a priori, because an algorithm can quite possibly respond with a fixed or random value regardless of its inputs.

CONT

In a challenge for medical researchers and professionals, machine-learning techniques are typically opaque. They provide black-box algorithms for prediction or recommendation but do not explain or justify those results.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Sécurité des TI
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
CONT

Un algorithme en boîte noire est un algorithme pour lequel un utilisateur ne peut simplement que proposer des données en entrée et observer les sorties qui résultent à priori causalement de ces entrées. [...] A priori, car un algorithme peut tout à fait répondre par une valeur fixe ou aléatoire quelles que soient ses entrées.

Spanish

Save record 94

Record 95 2024-01-29

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Once the terminals are created, the context-free parsing algorithm is run. This algorithm produces all possible derivation trees at the output with respect to the input sentence and input grammar.

Key term(s)
  • context free parsing algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Save record 95

Record 96 2024-01-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Processing of Language Data
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

In computational linguistics, the Yarowsky algorithm is an unsupervised learning algorithm for word sense disambiguation that uses the "one sense per collocation" and the "one sense per discourse" properties of human languages for word sense disambiguation.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Informatisation des données linguistiques
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Save record 96

Record 97 2024-01-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Radar, Radio Guidance and Goniometry
CONT

The spectral analysis of a series of equally spaced samples of a time-stationary process becomes difficult when samples are missing or sizable data gaps occur within the interval of interest. A linear prediction algorithm can be used to fill in the missing data with estimates that are spectrally consistent with the data that are observed.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Radar, radioguidage et radiogoniométrie

Spanish

Save record 97

Record 98 2024-01-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • IT Security
  • Encryption and Decryption
CONT

[Data Encryption Standard (DES)], [Triple Data Encryption Standard (3DES)], and [Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)] are the known standard (past and present) for block encryption algorithms that use a symmetric key to encrypt the data.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Sécurité des TI
  • Chiffrage et déchiffrage

Spanish

Save record 98

Record 99 2024-01-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Radar, Radio Guidance and Goniometry
CONT

Numerical results show that by choosing the optimal training interval, the channel utilization can be improved and the statistical estimation algorithm can effectively approach the optimal solution with a reasonable number of failure time data points.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Radar, radioguidage et radiogoniométrie

Spanish

Save record 99

Record 100 2024-01-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Mathematics
  • Computer Programs and Programming
  • Radar, Radio Guidance and Goniometry
CONT

First, the objects in the video have different postures resulting in frequent occlusion, and their motion is irregular. Second, conditions such as the field depth, the resolution, the weather, the illumination, and the diversity of the scene must be considered. Thus, the results of a target detection algorithm have great influence on the follow-up work. Therefore, even in today's technological development, the basic task of target detection is still a very challenging subject with great potential and space for improvement.

Key term(s)
  • target-detection algorithm

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques informatiques
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
  • Radar, radioguidage et radiogoniométrie

Spanish

Save record 100

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