TERMIUM Plus®
The Government of Canada’s terminology and linguistic data bank.
BASE MANTEAU NEIGEUX [18 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 2023-05-03
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Occupation Names (General)
- Meteorological Forecasting, Data Measurement and Analysis
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- avalanche forecaster
1, record 1, English, avalanche%20forecaster
correct, officially approved
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
Record 1, Synonyms, English
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
As an avalanche forecaster, she knows how to predict when snow is likely to slide. And she tries to communicate this danger to backcountry recreationists. ... [Avalanche forecasters] analyze conditions on the slopes of ... mountains ... and then publish advisories using an international avalanche danger scale. The terrain they study is vast and varied. 2, record 1, English, - avalanche%20forecaster
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 CONT
... experienced avalanche forecasters ... will have made observations in the field of the current snow and meteorological conditions. They will not use any computer forecasting system in isolation, but rather as a tool to aid them in making their decision on the level of avalanche hazard on a particular day. 3, record 1, English, - avalanche%20forecaster
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 3 CONT
Avalanche forecasters continue to expect improving conditions. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.] 4, record 1, English, - avalanche%20forecaster
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS
avalanche forecaster: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 5, record 1, English, - avalanche%20forecaster
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Désignations des emplois (Généralités)
- Prévisions météorologiques et mesure et analyse des données
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- prévisionniste avalanche
1, record 1, French, pr%C3%A9visionniste%20avalanche
correct, masculine and feminine noun, officially approved
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
- prévisionniste d’avalanche 2, record 1, French, pr%C3%A9visionniste%20d%26rsquo%3Bavalanche
correct, masculine and feminine noun, officially approved
- pronostiqueur d’avalanche 3, record 1, French, pronostiqueur%20d%26rsquo%3Bavalanche
correct, masculine noun
- pronostiqueuse d’avalanche 4, record 1, French, pronostiqueuse%20d%26rsquo%3Bavalanche
correct, feminine noun
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les causes [de déclenchement d’une avalanche] proviennent le plus souvent de conditions météorologiques datant de plusieurs jours, voire de plusieurs semaines, ces conditions ayant entraîné la formation de couches fragiles, responsables d’une mauvaise liaison entre les couches supérieures et le reste du manteau neigeux. [...] Conséquence de l'interaction de nombreux paramètres, dont certains sont difficilement quantifiables ou encore mal connus, le risque d’avalanche n’ est pas mesurable. Son estimation ne peut donc s’envisager que dans le cadre d’une expertise humaine. Une fois fixées les échelles de travail dans l'espace et dans le temps, le prévisionniste avalanche base son expertise sur un ensemble de mesures et d’observations effectuées sur et dans le manteau neigeux. 5, record 1, French, - pr%C3%A9visionniste%20avalanche
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 CONT
Les prévisionnistes avalanches prévoient une amélioration des conditions avalancheuses. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche.] 2, record 1, French, - pr%C3%A9visionniste%20avalanche
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Un prévisionniste d’avalanche [...] évalue les risques d’avalanche selon l’état du manteau neigeux, le terrain et le temps. 6, record 1, French, - pr%C3%A9visionniste%20avalanche
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS
prévisionniste avalanche; prévisionniste d’avalanche : termes uniformisés par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. 6, record 1, French, - pr%C3%A9visionniste%20avalanche
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record 2 - internal organization data 2023-02-10
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- poorly bonded crust
1, record 2, English, poorly%20bonded%20crust
correct, officially approved
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
Record 2, Synonyms, English
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
... a refrozen layer directly overlain by a persistent weak layer, that is, one consisting of surface hoar, facets or depth hoar ... 2, record 2, English, - poorly%20bonded%20crust
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
There is a poorly bonded crust near the base of the snowpack. 3, record 2, English, - poorly%20bonded%20crust
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS
poorly bonded crust: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 4, record 2, English, - poorly%20bonded%20crust
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- croûte à faible adhérence
1, record 2, French, cro%C3%BBte%20%C3%A0%20faible%20adh%C3%A9rence
correct, feminine noun, officially approved
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Près de la base du manteau neigeux, on trouve une croûte à faible adhérence. 1, record 2, French, - cro%C3%BBte%20%C3%A0%20faible%20adh%C3%A9rence
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS
croûte à faible adhérence : terme uniformisé par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. 2, record 2, French, - cro%C3%BBte%20%C3%A0%20faible%20adh%C3%A9rence
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
Record 3 - internal organization data 2023-01-16
Record 3, English
Record 3, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
- Glaciology
Record 3, Main entry term, English
- deep persistent slab
1, record 3, English, deep%20persistent%20slab
correct
Record 3, Abbreviations, English
Record 3, Synonyms, English
Record 3, Textual support, English
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Deep persistent slabs are an avalanche problem defined by the presence of a weak layer, usually at or near the base of the snowpack that resists bonding to an overlying slab over an extended time period. 2, record 3, English, - deep%20persistent%20slab
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT
Persistent slabs can develop into deep persistent slabs as additional snow and wind events build a thicker slab. 3, record 3, English, - deep%20persistent%20slab
Record 3, French
Record 3, Domaine(s)
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
- Glaciologie
Record 3, Main entry term, French
- plaque profonde et persistante
1, record 3, French, plaque%20profonde%20et%20persistante
correct, feminine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, French
Record 3, Synonyms, French
Record 3, Textual support, French
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les plaques profondes et persistantes sont un problème d’avalanche qui se définit par une couche fragile, habituellement à la base ou près de la base du manteau neigeux, qui n’ adhère pas à la plaque sus-jacente, et ce pendant une période prolongée. 2, record 3, French, - plaque%20profonde%20et%20persistante
Record 3, Spanish
Record 3, Textual support, Spanish
Record 4 - internal organization data 2012-10-29
Record 4, English
Record 4, Subject field(s)
- Glaciology
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 4, Main entry term, English
- weak layer
1, record 4, English, weak%20layer
correct, officially approved
Record 4, Abbreviations, English
Record 4, Synonyms, English
Record 4, Textual support, English
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A snow pack layer which is relatively weaker than other snow layers and thus a probable site for avalanche release. 2, record 4, English, - weak%20layer
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
A significant weak layer exists near the base of the snowpack. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.] 3, record 4, English, - weak%20layer
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS
weak layer: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 4, record 4, English, - weak%20layer
Record 4, French
Record 4, Domaine(s)
- Glaciologie
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 4, Main entry term, French
- couche fragile
1, record 4, French, couche%20fragile
correct, feminine noun, officially approved
Record 4, Abbreviations, French
Record 4, Synonyms, French
Record 4, Textual support, French
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Strate du manteau neigeux dont la structure favorise le déclenchement d’une avalanche. 2, record 4, French, - couche%20fragile
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Une couche fragile importante est enfouie près de la base du manteau neigeux. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. ] 3, record 4, French, - couche%20fragile
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS
couche fragile : terme uniformisé par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. 4, record 4, French, - couche%20fragile
Record 4, Spanish
Record 4, Textual support, Spanish
Record 5 - internal organization data 2009-01-30
Record 5, English
Record 5, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 5, Main entry term, English
- shovel shear test
1, record 5, English, shovel%20shear%20test
correct, officially approved
Record 5, Abbreviations, English
Record 5, Synonyms, English
- shovel test 2, record 5, English, shovel%20test
correct, see observation
Record 5, Textual support, English
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The shovel shear test provides information about the location where the snow could fail in shear. It is best applied for identification of buried weak layers and does not usually produce useful results in layers close to the snow surface. Soft snow near the surface is better tested with the tilt board and the shear frame or an improvised version of this tilt test. 3, record 5, English, - shovel%20shear%20test
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT
Shovel Shear Test. This test can be done on a flat or on a slope. With good technique, the location of weak layers, even thin weak layers, can be found. First dig a hole or pit in the snow. The vertical wall of the pit should be straight up and down, and smooth. Make a mark on the uphill portion of one corner of your pit with your shovel blade. This will mark the boundaries of your column, which should be roughly 30 cm by 30 cm or 12 inches square. (A) Now, cut both sides using a snow saw or your ski, all the way to the floor of the pit making sure that the cuts are straight. (B) The back of the column should only be cut as deep as your shovel blade is long, so measure with your shovel blade (C) and then cut the back. (D) Next, insert your shovel, blade down, in the back cut of the column and pull gently and evenly forward being careful not to lever your shovel handle. (E) Examine the shear layer where the block failed. (F) The force applied to the shovel that causes a weak layer to shear from the layers surrounding it can be rated as follows: Very easy ... Easy ... Moderate ... Hard ... 4, record 5, English, - shovel%20shear%20test
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 3 CONT
The results of the shovel shear test were inconclusive. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.] 5, record 5, English, - shovel%20shear%20test
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Shovel test: abbreviated form of "shovel shear test." Shovel test may also refer to the shovel tilt test or the shovel compression test. 6, record 5, English, - shovel%20shear%20test
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Observers are cautioned that identification of the weak layers is the primary objective of the shovel shear test. The shovel shear test is not a stability test. 3, record 5, English, - shovel%20shear%20test
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 3 OBS
shovel shear test: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 6, record 5, English, - shovel%20shear%20test
Record 5, French
Record 5, Domaine(s)
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 5, Main entry term, French
- test de cisaillement à la pelle
1, record 5, French, test%20de%20cisaillement%20%C3%A0%20la%20pelle
correct, see observation, masculine noun, officially approved
Record 5, Abbreviations, French
Record 5, Synonyms, French
- essai de cisaillement à la pelle 2, record 5, French, essai%20de%20cisaillement%20%C3%A0%20la%20pelle
correct, see observation, masculine noun, officially approved
- test de la pelle 3, record 5, French, test%20de%20la%20pelle
correct, see observation, masculine noun
Record 5, Textual support, French
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Le test de la pelle consiste à isoler une tranche du manteau neigeux de base carrée(la largeur est celle de la pelle, soit une trentaine de centimètres en moyenne), puis à la tirer vers soi ou à la charger pour détecter la présence de plan(s) de glissement potentiel(s). 4, record 5, French, - test%20de%20cisaillement%20%C3%A0%20la%20pelle
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT
Le test de cisaillement à la pelle n’a pas donné de résultats définitifs. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche.] 5, record 5, French, - test%20de%20cisaillement%20%C3%A0%20la%20pelle
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
[Ce test n’est] pas à proprement parler un test de stabilité. 4, record 5, French, - test%20de%20cisaillement%20%C3%A0%20la%20pelle
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Test de la pelle. [...] Il existe plusieurs variantes de ce test sous la même désignation. Méthode Faarlund. [...] Méthode de Munter. 4, record 5, French, - test%20de%20cisaillement%20%C3%A0%20la%20pelle
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 3 OBS
test de cisaillement à la pelle; essai de cisaillement à la pelle : termes uniformisés par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. 6, record 5, French, - test%20de%20cisaillement%20%C3%A0%20la%20pelle
Record 5, Spanish
Record 5, Textual support, Spanish
Record 6 - internal organization data 2008-09-23
Record 6, English
Record 6, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 6, Main entry term, English
- rounded grain
1, record 6, English, rounded%20grain
correct, officially approved
Record 6, Abbreviations, English
Record 6, Synonyms, English
- round 2, record 6, English, round
correct, noun, officially approved
- ET grain 3, record 6, English, ET%20grain
correct, obsolete
Record 6, Textual support, English
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Snow crystal formed during the equitemperature metamorphism process. 4, record 6, English, - rounded%20grain
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Rounded Grains are those in which the original form is no longer discernible and the crystal takes on a generally rounded amorphous appearance. Rounded grains typically tend to be smaller grains and are usually significantly smaller than the original grain from which they formed. Typical grain size is often less than 1 mm. Commonly referred to as "rounds" these grains tend to be found in harder or stronger snowpack layers. Rounded grains typically form when there is a weak temperature gradient in the snowpack (<1 degree/10 cm). This weak temperature gradient occurs most often in areas where the snowpack is deep and temperatures are mild. 5, record 6, English, - rounded%20grain
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT
There is a strong layer of rounds at the base of the snowpack. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.] 6, record 6, English, - rounded%20grain
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS
rounded grain; round: terms officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 4, record 6, English, - rounded%20grain
Record 6, French
Record 6, Domaine(s)
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 6, Main entry term, French
- grain fin
1, record 6, French, grain%20fin
correct, masculine noun, officially approved
Record 6, Abbreviations, French
Record 6, Synonyms, French
Record 6, Textual support, French
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Cristal de neige résultant de la métamorphose de faible gradient. 2, record 6, French, - grain%20fin
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Il y a une couche résistante de grains fins de forte cohésion située à la base du manteau neigeux. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. ] 3, record 6, French, - grain%20fin
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Ne pas confondre avec «grain rond» qui se rend en anglais par «melt-freeze particle». 4, record 6, French, - grain%20fin
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS
grain fin : terme uniformisé par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. 4, record 6, French, - grain%20fin
Record 6, Spanish
Record 6, Textual support, Spanish
Record 7 - internal organization data 2007-10-31
Record 7, English
Record 7, Subject field(s)
- Meteorological Forecasting, Data Measurement and Analysis
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 7, Main entry term, English
- drop
1, record 7, English, drop
correct, officially approved
Record 7, Abbreviations, English
Record 7, Synonyms, English
- sudden collapse 2, record 7, English, sudden%20collapse
correct, officially approved
- SC 3, record 7, English, SC
correct
- SC 3, record 7, English, SC
Record 7, Textual support, English
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT
At 64%, sudden collapses are most common fracture character for weak layers that produced whumpfs (fracture propagation in a weak layer, usually on low angle terrain). 4, record 7, English, - drop
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 CONT
About 15 years ago, some staff at Canadian parks started classifying fractures as "pops" (sudden planar fractures), and "drops" (sudden collapses) due to collapse of a thick weak layer. A recent analysis showed that pops and drops were common near human-triggered avalanches, but other types of fractures were infrequent near such avalanches. 5, record 7, English, - drop
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 3 CONT
Field tests at and above treeline continue to produce drops on a midpack facet layer and near the base of the snowpack. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.] 6, record 7, English, - drop
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Sudden Collapse (drop) SC: Fracture crosses the column with a single loading step and is associated with a noticeable collapse of the weak layer. [Reference: Table on Fracture Character in Small-Column Snowpack Tests.] 6, record 7, English, - drop
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Prof. Bruce Jamieson of the University of Calgary has come up with a code for identifying weak layers[: Fracture Character in Small-Column Snowpack Tests. Three major classes of fractures are identified: Sudden fractures (e.g.: pops and drops), Resistant fractures (e.g.: progressive compressions and resistant planars) and Breaks (e.g.: non-planar breaks).] 4, record 7, English, - drop
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 3 OBS
drop; sudden collapse: terms officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 7, record 7, English, - drop
Record 7, French
Record 7, Domaine(s)
- Prévisions météorologiques et mesure et analyse des données
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 7, Main entry term, French
- affaissement soudain
1, record 7, French, affaissement%20soudain
correct, masculine noun, officially approved
Record 7, Abbreviations, French
Record 7, Synonyms, French
- rupture soudaine par effondrement 1, record 7, French, rupture%20soudaine%20par%20effondrement
correct, feminine noun, officially approved
Record 7, Textual support, French
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les tests sur le terrain à la ligne forestière et au-dessus de celle-ci, produisent encore des affaissements soudains sur une couche intermédiaire de faces planes et près de la base du manteau neigeux. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. ] 1, record 7, French, - affaissement%20soudain
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Rupture soudaine par effondrement (affaissement soudain) SC : La rupture se produit en une seule étape de surcharge sur toute la largeur de la colonne et elle s’accompagne d’un affaissement marqué de la couche fragile. [Référence : tableau sur les Caractéristiques de la rupture lors des tests de stabilité du manteau neigeux sur petite colonne.] 1, record 7, French, - affaissement%20soudain
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS
affaissement soudain; rupture soudaine par effondrement : termes uniformisés par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. 2, record 7, French, - affaissement%20soudain
Record 7, Spanish
Record 7, Textual support, Spanish
Record 8 - internal organization data 2007-10-31
Record 8, English
Record 8, Subject field(s)
- Meteorological Forecasting, Data Measurement and Analysis
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 8, Main entry term, English
- no action
1, record 8, English, no%20action
correct, officially approved
Record 8, Abbreviations, English
Record 8, Synonyms, English
- no failure 1, record 8, English, no%20failure
correct, officially approved
Record 8, Textual support, English
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Thin snowpack areas have depth hoar at the bottom but tests yield no action indicating some strength. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.] 1, record 8, English, - no%20action
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS
no action; no failure: terms officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 2, record 8, English, - no%20action
Record 8, French
Record 8, Domaine(s)
- Prévisions météorologiques et mesure et analyse des données
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 8, Main entry term, French
- aucune rupture
1, record 8, French, aucune%20rupture
correct, officially approved
Record 8, Abbreviations, French
Record 8, Synonyms, French
- pas de rupture 1, record 8, French, pas%20de%20rupture
correct, officially approved
- pas de cassure 1, record 8, French, pas%20de%20cassure
correct, officially approved
- aucune cassure 2, record 8, French, aucune%20cassure
correct, officially approved
Record 8, Textual support, French
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT
[Tests de stabilité du manteau neigeux.] Avec un peu d’habitude on peut apprécier la facilité d’obtention d’une cassure sur 5 classes : très facile (cassure obtenue en sciant), facile, modérée, difficile (pour une traction de plus en plus forte exercée sur la pelle) et impossible (aucune cassure). 3, record 8, French, - aucune%20rupture
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT
Dans les secteurs où le manteau neigeux est peu profond, on trouve à sa base une couche de givre de profondeur. Les tests n’ ont toutefois donné aucune rupture ce qui indique un certain degré de résistance. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. ] 1, record 8, French, - aucune%20rupture
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS
aucune rupture; pas de rupture; pas de cassure; aucune cassure : termes uniformisés par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. 4, record 8, French, - aucune%20rupture
Record 8, Spanish
Record 8, Textual support, Spanish
Record 9 - internal organization data 2007-09-28
Record 9, English
Record 9, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 9, Main entry term, English
- laminated crust
1, record 9, English, laminated%20crust
correct, officially approved
Record 9, Abbreviations, English
Record 9, Synonyms, English
Record 9, Textual support, English
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT
If you're looking at the crusts in the profile you mentioned, one crust is about 8 cm thick and the other 10 cm. Within that melt-freeze crust they found one or more layers of rounds. The whole thing is a laminated crust. 2, record 9, English, - laminated%20crust
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 CONT
There are several laminated crusts near the base of the snowpack. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.] 3, record 9, English, - laminated%20crust
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS
laminated crust: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 4, record 9, English, - laminated%20crust
Record 9, French
Record 9, Domaine(s)
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 9, Main entry term, French
- croûte stratifiée
1, record 9, French, cro%C3%BBte%20stratifi%C3%A9e
correct, feminine noun, officially approved
Record 9, Abbreviations, French
Record 9, Synonyms, French
Record 9, Textual support, French
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT
On trouve plusieurs croûtes stratifiées à la base du manteau neigeux. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. ] 1, record 9, French, - cro%C3%BBte%20stratifi%C3%A9e
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS
stratifiée : qui se présente en couches superposées, en strates. 2, record 9, French, - cro%C3%BBte%20stratifi%C3%A9e
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS
croûte stratifiée : terme uniformisé par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. 3, record 9, French, - cro%C3%BBte%20stratifi%C3%A9e
Record 9, Spanish
Record 9, Textual support, Spanish
Record 10 - internal organization data 2007-09-28
Record 10, English
Record 10, Subject field(s)
- Geomorphology and Geomorphogeny
- Glaciology
Record 10, Main entry term, English
- glacial terrain
1, record 10, English, glacial%20terrain
correct, officially approved
Record 10, Abbreviations, English
Record 10, Synonyms, English
- glaciated terrain 2, record 10, English, glaciated%20terrain
correct, officially approved
Record 10, Textual support, English
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Travel in glaciated terrain requires special skills. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.] 2, record 10, English, - glacial%20terrain
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 CONT
A natural size 2.5 avalanche was reported to release at the base of the snowpack (150 cm crown) on smooth glacial terrain in the Purcells. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.] 2, record 10, English, - glacial%20terrain
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS
glaciated terrain; glacial terrain: terms officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 3, record 10, English, - glacial%20terrain
Record 10, French
Record 10, Domaine(s)
- Géomorphologie et géomorphogénie
- Glaciologie
Record 10, Main entry term, French
- terrain glaciaire
1, record 10, French, terrain%20glaciaire
correct, masculine noun, officially approved
Record 10, Abbreviations, French
Record 10, Synonyms, French
Record 10, Textual support, French
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les déplacements en terrain glaciaire exigent des compétences spécialisées. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche.] 2, record 10, French, - terrain%20glaciaire
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 CONT
Une avalanche naturelle de taille 2, 5(fracture de 150 cm de profondeur), déclenchée à la base du manteau neigeux sur terrain glaciaire lisse, a été signalée dans la chaîne Purcell. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. ] 2, record 10, French, - terrain%20glaciaire
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS
L’Échelle d’exposition en terrain avalancheux, Modèle technique (v.1-04), de Parcs Canada, donne la cote «exigeant» au terrain glaciaire lorsque celui-ci est «généralement lisse avec réseaux isolés de crevasses» et la cote «complexe» lorsque le terrain présente des «pentes raides ou zones fortement crevassées, cascades de glace ou exposition à des séracs». 3, record 10, French, - terrain%20glaciaire
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS
terrain glaciaire : terme uniformisé par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. 3, record 10, French, - terrain%20glaciaire
Record 10, Spanish
Record 10, Textual support, Spanish
Record 11 - internal organization data 2007-09-27
Record 11, English
Record 11, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 11, Main entry term, English
- load
1, record 11, English, load
correct, verb, officially approved
Record 11, Abbreviations, English
Record 11, Synonyms, English
Record 11, Textual support, English
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Now this thinner and weaker base layer will be loaded by storm and wind-deposited snow. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.] 1, record 11, English, - load
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS
load: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 2, record 11, English, - load
Record 11, French
Record 11, Domaine(s)
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 11, Main entry term, French
- surcharger
1, record 11, French, surcharger
correct, officially approved
Record 11, Abbreviations, French
Record 11, Synonyms, French
Record 11, Textual support, French
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La neige de tempête et la neige transportée par le vent vont surcharger cette couche mince et fragile à la base du manteau neigeux. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. ] 1, record 11, French, - surcharger
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS
La surcharge (précipitation, passage d’un skieur, chute de corniche...) est l’une des principales causes de déclenchement [d’avalanches] car elle peut induire une importante augmentation (générale ou locale) des contraintes au sein des couches du manteau neigeux. 2, record 11, French, - surcharger
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 OBS
surcharger : terme uniformisé par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. 3, record 11, French, - surcharger
Record 11, Spanish
Record 11, Textual support, Spanish
Record 12 - internal organization data 2006-12-18
Record 12, English
Record 12, Subject field(s)
- Meteorological Forecasting, Data Measurement and Analysis
Record 12, Main entry term, English
- full profile
1, record 12, English, full%20profile
correct, officially approved
Record 12, Abbreviations, English
Record 12, Synonyms, English
Record 12, Textual support, English
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A complete snow profile observation where grain size, grain type, interval temperature, layer density and layer hardness are measured and recorded in addition to stability information. 2, record 12, English, - full%20profile
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Full profiles are still showing that the base layers of the snowpack are very weak. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.] 3, record 12, English, - full%20profile
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS
A "full profile" is a snow profile that includes a complete set of observations. There is no judgment required about what to observe because you always take a full set. [Reference: Grant Statham, Avalanche Specialist, Parks Canada.] 4, record 12, English, - full%20profile
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Do not confuse with "test profile." A "test profile" requires some judgment to determine what is the most relevant observations to make - you do not take a full set of observations, but only those that matter for your current objective. [Reference: Grant Statham, Avalanche Specialist, Parks Canada.] 4, record 12, English, - full%20profile
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 3 OBS
full profile: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 4, record 12, English, - full%20profile
Record 12, French
Record 12, Domaine(s)
- Prévisions météorologiques et mesure et analyse des données
Record 12, Main entry term, French
- profil stratigraphique complet
1, record 12, French, profil%20stratigraphique%20complet
correct, masculine noun, officially approved
Record 12, Abbreviations, French
Record 12, Synonyms, French
- profil stratigraphique 1, record 12, French, profil%20stratigraphique
correct, masculine noun, officially approved
Record 12, Textual support, French
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Le profil stratigraphique complet met encore en évidence des couches fragiles à la base du manteau neigeux. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. ] 1, record 12, French, - profil%20stratigraphique%20complet
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS
profil stratigraphique complet; profil stratigraphique : termes uniformisés par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. 2, record 12, French, - profil%20stratigraphique%20complet
Record 12, Spanish
Record 12, Textual support, Spanish
Record 13 - internal organization data 2006-12-05
Record 13, English
Record 13, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 13, Main entry term, English
- depth hoar
1, record 13, English, depth%20hoar
correct, officially approved
Record 13, Abbreviations, English
Record 13, Synonyms, English
- sugar snow 2, record 13, English, sugar%20snow
correct
- squares 3, record 13, English, squares
see observation, less frequent, familiar
- hoar frost 4, record 13, English, hoar%20frost
avoid, see observation
Record 13, Textual support, English
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Ice crystals formed by sublimation within snow, but beneath the snow surface. 5, record 13, English, - depth%20hoar
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Depth hoar [are] large coarse recrystallized grains of snow that are the end result of the faceting or squaring process within the snowpack, a process driven by temperature gradients. Such crystals are often weak and develop as a result of (locally) strong temperature gradients and resulting vapor pressure differences in the snowpack, especially in shallow snowpacks with cold air temperatures. These grains are formed through re-crystallization of existing snow grains as water vapor is transferred (sublimation and deposition) from warmer regions of higher vapor pressure (near the ground) to colder regions with lower vapor pressure (upper layers closer to the snow surface). 6, record 13, English, - depth%20hoar
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 CONT
According to the Colorado Avalanche Information Center (CAIC), shallow snow that sits on the ground under clear skies and cold temperatures creates depth hoar, also known as sugar snow or squares. 7, record 13, English, - depth%20hoar
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 3 CONT
Depth hoar can be found near the base of the snowpack. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.] 8, record 13, English, - depth%20hoar
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Depth hoar is often the weakest layer in the snowpack and is a potential sliding layer for avalanches. 9, record 13, English, - depth%20hoar
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Depth Hoar is also called : Temperature Gradient (TG) (but this is an outdated term), sugar snow, squares, sometimes incorrectly called "hoar frost" by old, rural geezers. 4, record 13, English, - depth%20hoar
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 3 OBS
Cup-shaped crystals are a common form of depth hoar. 10, record 13, English, - depth%20hoar
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 4 OBS
depth hoar: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 11, record 13, English, - depth%20hoar
Record 13, French
Record 13, Domaine(s)
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 13, Main entry term, French
- givre de profondeur
1, record 13, French, givre%20de%20profondeur
correct, masculine noun, officially approved
Record 13, Abbreviations, French
Record 13, Synonyms, French
- gobelets 2, record 13, French, gobelets
correct, masculine noun, plural
- neige granulée de profondeur 3, record 13, French, neige%20granul%C3%A9e%20de%20profondeur
correct, feminine noun
- neige coulante 4, record 13, French, neige%20coulante
correct, see observation, feminine noun, Switzerland
- givre interne 5, record 13, French, givre%20interne
masculine noun
Record 13, Textual support, French
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Cristaux de glace formés par condensation solide au sein de la neige, mais sous la surface de la couche neigeuse. 6, record 13, French, - givre%20de%20profondeur
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La conséquence en est un important changement de forme des cristaux. Ceux-ci deviennent anguleux avec l’apparition de petites facettes, un peu comme sur un diamant. On les appelle grains à face plane [...] Si la transformation dure assez longtemps et si le gradient de température est assez fort, ces cristaux vont grossir et prendre l’aspect de pyramides creuses, les faces striées un peu comme des gradins : leur taille peut devenir remarquable (5 à 6 mm de diamètre). On les appelle gobelets ou aussi givre de profondeur [...] 7, record 13, French, - givre%20de%20profondeur
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 CONT
Le givre de profondeur se trouve près de la base du manteau neigeux. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. ] 8, record 13, French, - givre%20de%20profondeur
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS
givre de profondeur : Les Suisses Romands l’appellent aussi la neige coulante, à cause de sa grande instabilité. 9, record 13, French, - givre%20de%20profondeur
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS
givre de profondeur : terme uniformisé par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. 9, record 13, French, - givre%20de%20profondeur
Record 13, Spanish
Record 13, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Fenómenos meteorológicos, climáticos y atmosféricos
Record 13, Main entry term, Spanish
- nieve en forma de azúcar
1, record 13, Spanish, nieve%20en%20forma%20de%20az%C3%BAcar
feminine noun
Record 13, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 13, Synonyms, Spanish
- nieve granulosa en profundidad 1, record 13, Spanish, nieve%20granulosa%20en%20profundidad
feminine noun
Record 13, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Cristales de hielo formados por sublimación en el interior de la nieve pero debajo de la superficie nevosa. 1, record 13, Spanish, - nieve%20en%20forma%20de%20az%C3%BAcar
Record 14 - internal organization data 2006-11-22
Record 14, English
Record 14, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 14, Main entry term, English
- collapse
1, record 14, English, collapse
correct, officially approved
Record 14, Abbreviations, English
Record 14, Synonyms, English
Record 14, Textual support, English
Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Sudden settlement of a layer or layers of the snowpack produced by fracture of one or more supporting layers and [often] accompanied by the outrush of air within these layers. 2, record 14, English, - collapse
Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT
At the base of the snowpack the early-season weaknesses are still producing clean shears and sudden collapses. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.] 3, record 14, English, - collapse
Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS
collapse: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 4, record 14, English, - collapse
Record 14, French
Record 14, Domaine(s)
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 14, Main entry term, French
- affaissement
1, record 14, French, affaissement
correct, masculine noun, officially approved
Record 14, Abbreviations, French
Record 14, Synonyms, French
Record 14, Textual support, French
Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT
À la base du manteau neigeux, on peut encore trouver des couches fragiles formées en début de saison produisant encore des ruptures nettes par cisaillement et des affaissements soudains. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. ] 1, record 14, French, - affaissement
Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS
affaissement : terme uniformisé par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. 2, record 14, French, - affaissement
Record 14, Spanish
Record 14, Textual support, Spanish
Record 15 - internal organization data 2006-11-07
Record 15, English
Record 15, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 15, Main entry term, English
- basal facet
1, record 15, English, basal%20facet
correct, officially approved
Record 15, Abbreviations, English
Record 15, Synonyms, English
Record 15, Textual support, English
Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Facets located at or near the base of the snowpack. 2, record 15, English, - basal%20facet
Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Large climax avalanches have been releasing on the basal facets and/or glacial ice. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.] 1, record 15, English, - basal%20facet
Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS
The facetting process occurs within the snowpack and is driven by temperature patterns and vapour flow from ground to snow surface. Facets can form anywhere in the snowpack, but in certain climates basal facets are predominant. For example, in the Coast Range it is very rare to see basal facets but it is an annual occurrence in the Rocky Mountains. [Reference: Grant Statham, Avalanche specialist, Parcs Canada.] 2, record 15, English, - basal%20facet
Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS
basal facet: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 2, record 15, English, - basal%20facet
Record 15, French
Record 15, Domaine(s)
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 15, Main entry term, French
- grain à faces planes situé à la base du manteau neigeux
1, record 15, French, grain%20%C3%A0%20faces%20planes%20situ%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20la%20base%20du%20manteau%20neigeux
correct, masculine noun, officially approved
Record 15, Abbreviations, French
Record 15, Synonyms, French
- face plane située à la base du manteau neigeux 1, record 15, French, face%20plane%20situ%C3%A9e%20%C3%A0%20la%20base%20du%20manteau%20neigeux
correct, feminine noun, officially approved
Record 15, Textual support, French
Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT
On observe actuellement des avalanches majeures qui emportent le manteau neigeux jusqu'aux grains à faces planes situés à la base du manteau neigeux ou jusqu'à la glace de glacier. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. ] 1, record 15, French, - grain%20%C3%A0%20faces%20planes%20situ%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20la%20base%20du%20manteau%20neigeux
Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS
grain à faces planes situé à la base du manteau neigeux; face plane située à la base du manteau neigeux : termes uniformisés par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. 2, record 15, French, - grain%20%C3%A0%20faces%20planes%20situ%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20la%20base%20du%20manteau%20neigeux
Record 15, Spanish
Record 15, Textual support, Spanish
Record 16 - internal organization data 2006-08-29
Record 16, English
Record 16, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 16, Main entry term, English
- spring snowpack
1, record 16, English, spring%20snowpack
correct, officially approved
Record 16, Abbreviations, English
Record 16, Synonyms, English
- spring snowcover 1, record 16, English, spring%20snowcover
correct, see observation, rare, officially approved
Record 16, Textual support, English
Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT
A spring snowpack exists at the bottom of the mountain up to at least 1200 m on south aspects. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.] 1, record 16, English, - spring%20snowpack
Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS
The term "spring snowcover" is rarely used in avalanche bulletins. 1, record 16, English, - spring%20snowpack
Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 OBS
spring snowpack; spring snowcover: terms officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 2, record 16, English, - spring%20snowpack
Record 16, Key term(s)
- spring snow-pack
- spring snow pack
- spring snow-cover
- spring snow cover
Record 16, French
Record 16, Domaine(s)
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 16, Main entry term, French
- manteau neigeux de printemps
1, record 16, French, manteau%20neigeux%20de%20printemps
correct, masculine noun, officially approved
Record 16, Abbreviations, French
Record 16, Synonyms, French
- manteau neigeux printanier 1, record 16, French, manteau%20neigeux%20printanier
correct, masculine noun, officially approved
Record 16, Textual support, French
Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT
On trouve un manteau neigeux de printemps à partir de la base de la montagne jusqu'à 1 200 m dans les versants sud. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. ] 1, record 16, French, - manteau%20neigeux%20de%20printemps
Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS
manteau neigeux de printemps; manteau neigeux printanier : termes uniformisés par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. 2, record 16, French, - manteau%20neigeux%20de%20printemps
Record 16, Spanish
Record 16, Textual support, Spanish
Record 17 - internal organization data 2006-08-29
Record 17, English
Record 17, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 17, Main entry term, English
- unsupportive layer
1, record 17, English, unsupportive%20layer
correct, officially approved
Record 17, Abbreviations, English
Record 17, Synonyms, English
Record 17, Textual support, English
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT
There is an unsupportive layer of depth hoar at the base of the snowpack. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.] 1, record 17, English, - unsupportive%20layer
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS
unsupportive layer: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 2, record 17, English, - unsupportive%20layer
Record 17, French
Record 17, Domaine(s)
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 17, Main entry term, French
- couche non portante
1, record 17, French, couche%20non%20portante
correct, feminine noun, officially approved
Record 17, Abbreviations, French
Record 17, Synonyms, French
- couche à faible portance 1, record 17, French, couche%20%C3%A0%20faible%20portance
correct, feminine noun, officially approved
Record 17, Textual support, French
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Une couche de givre de profondeur non portante se trouve à la base du manteau neigeux. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. ] 1, record 17, French, - couche%20non%20portante
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS
couche non portante; couche à faible portance : termes uniformisés par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. 2, record 17, French, - couche%20non%20portante
Record 17, Spanish
Record 17, Textual support, Spanish
Record 18 - internal organization data 2006-08-23
Record 18, English
Record 18, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 18, Main entry term, English
- base of the snowpack
1, record 18, English, base%20of%20the%20snowpack
correct, officially approved
Record 18, Abbreviations, English
Record 18, Synonyms, English
- snowpack base 1, record 18, English, snowpack%20base
correct, officially approved
- snowcover base 1, record 18, English, snowcover%20base
correct, see observation, rare, officially approved
- base of the snowcover 1, record 18, English, base%20of%20the%20snowcover
correct, see observation, rare, officially approved
Record 18, Textual support, English
Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The weak layer persists at the base of the snowpack. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.] 1, record 18, English, - base%20of%20the%20snowpack
Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS
The terms "snowcover base" and "base of the snowcover" are rarely used in avalanche bulletins. 1, record 18, English, - base%20of%20the%20snowpack
Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 OBS
base of the snowpack; snowpack base; snowcover base; base of the snowcover: terms officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 2, record 18, English, - base%20of%20the%20snowpack
Record 18, Key term(s)
- base of the snow-pack
- base of the snow pack
- snow-pack base
- snow pack base
- snow-cover base
- snow cover base
- base of the snow-cover
- base of the snow cover
Record 18, French
Record 18, Domaine(s)
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 18, Main entry term, French
- base du manteau neigeux
1, record 18, French, base%20du%20manteau%20neigeux
correct, feminine noun, officially approved
Record 18, Abbreviations, French
Record 18, Synonyms, French
Record 18, Textual support, French
Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La couche fragile persiste à la base du manteau neigeux. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. ] 1, record 18, French, - base%20du%20manteau%20neigeux
Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS
base du manteau neigeux : terme uniformisé par le Comité d’uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d’avalanche. 2, record 18, French, - base%20du%20manteau%20neigeux
Record 18, Spanish
Record 18, Textual support, Spanish
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