TERMIUM Plus®
The Government of Canada’s terminology and linguistic data bank.
ECART APPRENTISSAGE [8 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 2022-09-12
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Statistical Methods
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- k-fold cross-validation
1, record 1, English, k%2Dfold%20cross%2Dvalidation
correct
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
Record 1, Synonyms, English
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
In k-fold cross-validation, the original sample is randomly partitioned into k equal sized subsamples. Of the k subsamples, a single subsample is retained as the validation data for testing the model, and the remaining k − 1 subsamples are used as training data. The cross-validation process is then repeated k times, with each of the k subsamples used exactly once as the validation data. The k results can then be averaged to produce a single estimation. 2, record 1, English, - k%2Dfold%20cross%2Dvalidation
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Méthodes statistiques
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- validation croisée à k blocs
1, record 1, French, validation%20crois%C3%A9e%20%C3%A0%20k%20blocs
correct, feminine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
- validation croisée k-fold 2, record 1, French, validation%20crois%C3%A9e%20k%2Dfold
correct, feminine noun
- k-fold cross-validation 3, record 1, French, k%2Dfold%20cross%2Dvalidation
avoid, anglicism
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La validation croisée à k blocs, «k-fold cross-validation» : on divise l'échantillon original en k échantillons(ou «blocs»), puis on sélectionne un des k échantillons comme ensemble de validation pendant que les k − 1 autres échantillons constituent l'ensemble d’apprentissage. Après apprentissage, on peut calculer une performance de validation. Puis on répète l'opération en sélectionnant un autre échantillon de validation parmi les blocs prédéfinis. À l'issue de la procédure[, ] nous obtenons ainsi k scores de performances, un par bloc. La moyenne et l'écart type des k scores de performances peuvent être calculés pour estimer le biais et la variance de la performance de validation. 3, record 1, French, - validation%20crois%C3%A9e%20%C3%A0%20k%20blocs
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record 2 - internal organization data 2019-01-24
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Financial and Budgetary Management
- Remuneration (Personnel Management)
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- pay transparency
1, record 2, English, pay%20transparency
correct
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
Record 2, Synonyms, English
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
While proactive pay equity legislation is an important tool to close the gender wage gap, it needs to be part of a broader array of policy tools such as the Government's investments in early learning and child care, enhanced training and learning financing, enhanced parental leave flexibility, pay transparency and the continued appointment of talented women into leadership positions. 1, record 2, English, - pay%20transparency
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Gestion budgétaire et financière
- Rémunération (Gestion du personnel)
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- transparence salariale
1, record 2, French, transparence%20salariale
correct, feminine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Même si une loi sur l'équité salariale proactive est un important instrument pour éliminer l'écart salarial entre les sexes, cet instrument doit faire partie d’une vaste gamme d’outils stratégiques, tels que des investissements du gouvernement dans les programmes d’apprentissage préscolaire et de garderie, un financement bonifié des programmes de formation et d’apprentissage, une souplesse accrue pour les congés parentaux, la transparence salariale et des efforts continus pour nommer des femmes talentueuses à des postes de leadership. 1, record 2, French, - transparence%20salariale
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
Record 3 - internal organization data 2016-03-15
Record 3, English
Record 3, Subject field(s)
- Artificial Intelligence
Record 3, Main entry term, English
- back propagation
1, record 3, English, back%20propagation
correct, standardized
Record 3, Abbreviations, English
Record 3, Synonyms, English
- back-propagation 2, record 3, English, back%2Dpropagation
correct
- feedback propagation 3, record 3, English, feedback%20propagation
correct, standardized
- backward propagation 4, record 3, English, backward%20propagation
correct
Record 3, Textual support, English
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF
In a multilayered network, the propagation of connection weights adjustment, layer by layer, from the output layer toward the input of the network. 3, record 3, English, - back%20propagation
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Back-propagation uses simple calculus to decide how to change the parameters of the neural network. It takes a training example - an input and its corresponding output - and makes small modifications to the network parameters to minimize the difference between the current response of the network and the target response. 2, record 3, English, - back%20propagation
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Typically back propagation is used in connection with error-correction learning. 3, record 3, English, - back%20propagation
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS
back propagation; feedback propagation: terms and definition standardized by ISO/IEC [International Electrotechnical Commission] in 1999. 5, record 3, English, - back%20propagation
Record 3, French
Record 3, Domaine(s)
- Intelligence artificielle
Record 3, Main entry term, French
- rétropropagation
1, record 3, French, r%C3%A9tropropagation
correct, feminine noun, standardized
Record 3, Abbreviations, French
Record 3, Synonyms, French
- rétro-propagation 2, record 3, French, r%C3%A9tro%2Dpropagation
correct, feminine noun
- propagation arrière 3, record 3, French, propagation%20arri%C3%A8re
correct, feminine noun, standardized
Record 3, Textual support, French
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Dans un réseau multicouche, propagation de l’ajustement des poids synaptiques, couche par couche, de la couche de sortie vers l’entrée du réseau. 3, record 3, French, - r%C3%A9tropropagation
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
L'apprentissage se fait selon un algorithme de «rétropropagation de l'erreur». Le réseau procède par essais et erreurs, sous la supervision de son maître, qui «récompense» les bonnes connexions(celles qui donnent le résultat attendu) en les renforçant, et «punit» les moins bonnes en les affaiblissant. L'écart par rapport à la bonne réponse et mesuré, puis rétropropagé dans le réseau afin d’ajuster la valeur des connexions. 4, record 3, French, - r%C3%A9tropropagation
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS
La rétropropagation est habituellement associée à l’apprentissage par correction d’erreur. 3, record 3, French, - r%C3%A9tropropagation
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS
rétropropagation; propagation arrière : termes et définition normalisés par l’ISO/CEI [Commission électrotechnique internationale] en 1999. 5, record 3, French, - r%C3%A9tropropagation
Record 3, Spanish
Record 3, Textual support, Spanish
Record 4 - internal organization data 2006-03-21
Record 4, English
Record 4, Subject field(s)
- Internet and Telematics
- Training of Personnel
Record 4, Main entry term, English
- skill gap analysis
1, record 4, English, skill%20gap%20analysis
correct
Record 4, Abbreviations, English
Record 4, Synonyms, English
Record 4, Textual support, English
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Comparison of a person's skills to the skills required for the job to which they have been, or will be, assigned. 1, record 4, English, - skill%20gap%20analysis
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
A simple skill gap analysis consists of a list of skills required along with a rating of the employee's level for each skill. Ratings below a predetermined level identify a skill gap. 1, record 4, English, - skill%20gap%20analysis
Record 4, Key term(s)
- skill gap
Record 4, French
Record 4, Domaine(s)
- Internet et télématique
- Perfectionnement et formation du personnel
Record 4, Main entry term, French
- analyse des écarts de compétences
1, record 4, French, analyse%20des%20%C3%A9carts%20de%20comp%C3%A9tences
correct, feminine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, French
Record 4, Synonyms, French
Record 4, Textual support, French
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Comparer «écart d’apprentissage». 1, record 4, French, - analyse%20des%20%C3%A9carts%20de%20comp%C3%A9tences
Record 4, Spanish
Record 4, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Internet y telemática
- Capacitación del personal
Record 4, Main entry term, Spanish
- análisis de la brecha de capacidades
1, record 4, Spanish, an%C3%A1lisis%20de%20la%20brecha%20de%20capacidades
correct, masculine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 4, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 4, Textual support, Spanish
Record 5 - external organization data 2006-02-01
Record 5, English
Record 5, Subject field(s)
- Compartment - ISO/IEC JTC 1 Information Technology Vocabulary
Universal entry(ies) Record 5
Record 5, Main entry term, English
- learning from solution paths
1, record 5, English, learning%20from%20solution%20paths
correct, standardized
Record 5, Abbreviations, English
Record 5, Synonyms, English
Record 5, Textual support, English
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF
reinforcement learning that relies on waiting until a complete solution path for a problem has been found, marking every move along the solution path as a positive example, and marking every move leading directly off the solution path as a negative example 1, record 5, English, - learning%20from%20solution%20paths
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
learning from solution paths: term and definition standardized by ISO/IEC [ISO/IEC 2382-31:1997]. 2, record 5, English, - learning%20from%20solution%20paths
Record 5, French
Record 5, Domaine(s)
- Tiroir - ISO/CEI JTC 1 Vocabulaire des technologies de l'information
Entrée(s) universelle(s) Record 5
Record 5, Main entry term, French
- apprentissage par voies de résolution
1, record 5, French, apprentissage%20par%20voies%20de%20r%C3%A9solution
correct, masculine noun, standardized
Record 5, Abbreviations, French
Record 5, Synonyms, French
Record 5, Textual support, French
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF
apprentissage par renforcement qui commence une fois établi le cheminement menant à la solution d’un problème, et qui s’effectue en marquant tout déplacement conforme à ce cheminement comme exemple positif, et tout écart par rapport à ce cheminement comme exemple négatif 1, record 5, French, - apprentissage%20par%20voies%20de%20r%C3%A9solution
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
apprentissage par voies de résolution : terme et définition normalisés par l’ISO/CEI [ISO/IEC 2382-31:1997]. 2, record 5, French, - apprentissage%20par%20voies%20de%20r%C3%A9solution
Record 5, Spanish
Record 5, Textual support, Spanish
Record 6 - internal organization data 2005-07-27
Record 6, English
Record 6, Subject field(s)
- Training of Personnel
- Internet and Telematics
- Education Theory and Methods
Record 6, Main entry term, English
- learning gap
1, record 6, English, learning%20gap
correct
Record 6, Abbreviations, English
Record 6, Synonyms, English
Record 6, Textual support, English
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The difference between achieved learning results of the learning activities and the target learning outcomes for each learning measure. 2, record 6, English, - learning%20gap
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Once a need or knowledge gap has been identified the next step is to address what type of a gap it is, learning or performance. Once you understand what causes the gap there are several things you can do. For example a performance gap can be dealt with through a coaching session or one on one training session. A knowledge gap can be dealt with through computer based training on job training manuals or further courses. A learning gap, however, can only be addressed through different styles of training that address the learning needs of the individual, it must be handled on an individual basis and the solution must fill the learners specific needs. 3, record 6, English, - learning%20gap
Record 6, French
Record 6, Domaine(s)
- Perfectionnement et formation du personnel
- Internet et télématique
- Théories et méthodes pédagogiques
Record 6, Main entry term, French
- écart d'apprentissage
1, record 6, French, %C3%A9cart%20d%27apprentissage
correct, masculine noun
Record 6, Abbreviations, French
Record 6, Synonyms, French
Record 6, Textual support, French
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Durant l'âge industriel, l'écart d’apprentissage importait peu pour les entreprises. La gestion se faisait du haut vers le bas(top-down). Une fine division du travail et la chaîne de montage caractérisaient l'organisation traditionnelle. Maintenant, l'écart d’apprentissage importe beaucoup plus. De plus en plus de gestionnaires comprennent que le succès à l'ère de l'information, tourne autour de l'habileté des employés de générer et utiliser le savoir pour alimenter des améliorations continues. Plutôt que de mémoriser une poignée de principes, l'employé doit internaliser des processus, obtenir du feedback et développer son jugement. 1, record 6, French, - %C3%A9cart%20d%27apprentissage
Record 6, Spanish
Record 6, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Capacitación del personal
- Internet y telemática
- Teorías y métodos pedagógicos
Record 6, Main entry term, Spanish
- laguna de aprendizaje
1, record 6, Spanish, laguna%20de%20aprendizaje
correct, feminine noun
Record 6, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 6, Synonyms, Spanish
- vacío de aprendizaje 1, record 6, Spanish, vac%C3%ADo%20de%20aprendizaje
correct, masculine noun
Record 6, Textual support, Spanish
Record 7 - internal organization data 2004-02-05
Record 7, English
Record 7, Subject field(s)
- Artificial Intelligence
- Training of Personnel
- Education Theory and Methods
- Internet and Telematics
Record 7, Main entry term, English
- learning by problem solving
1, record 7, English, learning%20by%20problem%20solving
correct
Record 7, Abbreviations, English
Record 7, Synonyms, English
- learning from solution paths 2, record 7, English, learning%20from%20solution%20paths
correct
- learning by problem-solving 3, record 7, English, learning%20by%20problem%2Dsolving
correct
Record 7, Textual support, English
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A credit-assignment learning method, that encounters difficulty in domains involving very long solution paths and extensive problem spaces. See also "learning while doing" and "learning by experimentation. 4, record 7, English, - learning%20by%20problem%20solving
Record 7, French
Record 7, Domaine(s)
- Intelligence artificielle
- Perfectionnement et formation du personnel
- Théories et méthodes pédagogiques
- Internet et télématique
Record 7, Main entry term, French
- apprentissage par résolution de problèmes
1, record 7, French, apprentissage%20par%20r%C3%A9solution%20de%20probl%C3%A8mes
correct, masculine noun
Record 7, Abbreviations, French
Record 7, Synonyms, French
- apprentissage par voies de résolution 2, record 7, French, apprentissage%20par%20voies%20de%20r%C3%A9solution
correct, masculine noun
Record 7, Textual support, French
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Apprentissage par renforcement qui commence une fois établies les étapes menant à la solution d’un problème, et qui s’effectue en indiquant tout déplacement conforme au cheminement prescrit en tant qu'exemple positif, et tout écart par rapport au cheminement prescrit en tant qu'exemple négatif. 1, record 7, French, - apprentissage%20par%20r%C3%A9solution%20de%20probl%C3%A8mes
Record 7, Spanish
Record 7, Textual support, Spanish
Record 8 - internal organization data 1999-04-19
Record 8, English
Record 8, Subject field(s)
- Education Theory and Methods
- Federal Administration
Record 8, Main entry term, English
- needs assessment
1, record 8, English, needs%20assessment
correct
Record 8, Abbreviations, English
Record 8, Synonyms, English
Record 8, Textual support, English
Record 8, French
Record 8, Domaine(s)
- Théories et méthodes pédagogiques
- Administration fédérale
Record 8, Main entry term, French
- évaluation des besoins
1, record 8, French, %C3%A9valuation%20des%20besoins
correct, feminine noun
Record 8, Abbreviations, French
Record 8, Synonyms, French
Record 8, Textual support, French
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF
L'expression évaluation des besoins est fréquemment employée, dans la littérature de recherche, pour désigner l'ensemble des procédures permettant d’estimer l'écart entre le niveau atteint dans un apprentissage et le niveau à atteindre, tel qu'il est défini par un objectif opérationnel. 2, record 8, French, - %C3%A9valuation%20des%20besoins
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT
L’évaluation des besoins de leurs employés permettra aux gestionnaires de décider de la portée des services d’information et d’orientation. (pour la garde des enfants.) 1, record 8, French, - %C3%A9valuation%20des%20besoins
Record 8, Spanish
Record 8, Textual support, Spanish
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