TERMIUM Plus®
The Government of Canada’s terminology and linguistic data bank.
ELECTRON NIVEAU [14 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 2020-01-21
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Atomic Physics
- Clocks, Watches and Bells
- Telecommunications
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- atomic clock
1, record 1, English, atomic%20clock
correct
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
Record 1, Synonyms, English
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF
[A] clock device that uses a hyperfine transition frequency in the microwave [region] or [an] electron transition frequency in the optical or ultraviolet region. 2, record 1, English, - atomic%20clock
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
In an atomic clock, the frequency of the quartz oscillator is transformed into a frequency that is applied to a collection of atoms. 3, record 1, English, - atomic%20clock
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Physique atomique
- Horlogerie et sonnerie
- Télécommunications
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- horloge atomique
1, record 1, French, horloge%20atomique
correct, feminine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF
[Horloge] qui utilise la pérennité et l'immuabilité de la fréquence du rayonnement électromagnétique émis par un électron lors du passage d’un niveau d’énergie à un autre pour assurer l'exactitude et la stabilité du signal oscillant qu'elle produit. 2, record 1, French, - horloge%20atomique
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Le principe de fonctionnement d’une horloge atomique repose sur l’asservissement de la fréquence d’un oscillateur sur une fréquence de référence absolue correspondant à la fréquence de transition entre deux états quantiques d’un atome, d’un ion ou d’une molécule. 3, record 1, French, - horloge%20atomique
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record 2 - internal organization data 2012-06-15
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Atomic Physics
- Lasers and Masers
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- excited state
1, record 2, English, excited%20state
correct
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
Record 2, Synonyms, English
- electronically excited state 2, record 2, English, electronically%20excited%20state
correct
- excited level 3, record 2, English, excited%20level
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A higher than normal energy level (vibrational frequency) of the electrons of an atom, radical, or molecule resulting from absorption of photons (quanta) from a radiation source (arc, flame, spark, etc.) in any wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum. X-ray, ultraviolet, visible, infrared, microwave, and radiofrequencies are typically used for excitation in various types of spectroscopy. 4, record 2, English, - excited%20state
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Physique atomique
- Masers et lasers
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- état excité
1, record 2, French, %C3%A9tat%20excit%C3%A9
correct, masculine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
En physique quantique, état instable d’une molécule ou d’un atome présentant plus d’énergie que l'état fondamental par suite du saut d’un électron à un niveau supérieur. 2, record 2, French, - %C3%A9tat%20excit%C3%A9
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Une molécule ou un atome est plus réactif à l’état excité qu’à l’état fondamental. L’état excité de l’atome d’oxygène, dans les réactions de création et de destruction de l’ozone, se note 0(1D). 2, record 2, French, - %C3%A9tat%20excit%C3%A9
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Física atómica
- Láser y máser
Record 2, Main entry term, Spanish
- estado excitado
1, record 2, Spanish, estado%20excitado
correct, masculine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 2, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
[Estado] de un átomo u otro sistema que, por haber recibido energía exterior pasa a un nivel energético superior al de su estado fundamental o normal. 1, record 2, Spanish, - estado%20excitado
Record 3 - internal organization data 2011-06-07
Record 3, English
Record 3, Subject field(s)
- Vacuum Tubes (Electronics)
- Energy (Physics)
Record 3, Main entry term, English
- electron work function
1, record 3, English, electron%20work%20function
correct
Record 3, Abbreviations, English
Record 3, Synonyms, English
Record 3, Textual support, English
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF
energy required to remove to infinity an electron initially at the Fermi level. 2, record 3, English, - electron%20work%20function
Record 3, French
Record 3, Domaine(s)
- Tubes et lampes (Électronique)
- Énergie (Physique)
Record 3, Main entry term, French
- travail d’extraction électronique
1, record 3, French, travail%20d%26rsquo%3Bextraction%20%C3%A9lectronique
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, French
Record 3, Synonyms, French
Record 3, Textual support, French
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Énergie nécessaire pour déplacer jusqu'à l'infini un électron se trouvant initialement au niveau de Fermi. 2, record 3, French, - travail%20d%26rsquo%3Bextraction%20%C3%A9lectronique
Record 3, Spanish
Record 3, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Tubos de vacío (Electrónica)
- Energía (Física)
Record 3, Main entry term, Spanish
- trabajo de extracción
1, record 3, Spanish, trabajo%20de%20extracci%C3%B3n
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 3, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 3, Textual support, Spanish
Record 4 - internal organization data 2010-11-26
Record 4, English
Record 4, Subject field(s)
- Atomic Physics
Record 4, Main entry term, English
- photon de-excitation
1, record 4, English, photon%20de%2Dexcitation
correct
Record 4, Abbreviations, English
Record 4, Synonyms, English
- collisional de-excitation 2, record 4, English, collisional%20de%2Dexcitation
correct
Record 4, Textual support, English
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF
[A process by which] a bound electron changes to another bound state by emitting a photon through collision. 1, record 4, English, - photon%20de%2Dexcitation
Record 4, Key term(s)
- photon deexcitation
- collisional deexcitation
Record 4, French
Record 4, Domaine(s)
- Physique atomique
Record 4, Main entry term, French
- désexcitation photonique
1, record 4, French, d%C3%A9sexcitation%20photonique
correct, feminine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, French
Record 4, Synonyms, French
Record 4, Textual support, French
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Phénomène par lequel un électron lié modifie son énergie du niveau de valence par l'émission d’un photon au cours d’une collision. 2, record 4, French, - d%C3%A9sexcitation%20photonique
Record 4, Spanish
Record 4, Textual support, Spanish
Record 5 - internal organization data 2009-10-15
Record 5, English
Record 5, Subject field(s)
- Scientific Measurements and Analyses
- Radiological Physics (Theory and Application)
- Atomic Physics
Record 5, Main entry term, English
- inorganic scintillator
1, record 5, English, inorganic%20scintillator
correct
Record 5, Abbreviations, English
Record 5, Synonyms, English
Record 5, Textual support, English
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Most inorganic scintillators consist of transparent single crystals, whose dimensions range from a few millimetres to many centimetres ... 2, record 5, English, - inorganic%20scintillator
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT
An inorganic scintillator having the chemical composition represented by formula and inequalities to and emitting fluorescence upon incidence of radiation, wherein the maximum peak wavelength in the light intensity spectrum is a peak in the range between 450 nm and 600 nm ... 1, record 5, English, - inorganic%20scintillator
Record 5, French
Record 5, Domaine(s)
- Mesures et analyse (Sciences)
- Physique radiologique et applications
- Physique atomique
Record 5, Main entry term, French
- scintillateur inorganique
1, record 5, French, scintillateur%20inorganique
correct, masculine noun
Record 5, Abbreviations, French
Record 5, Synonyms, French
Record 5, Textual support, French
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF
[Scintillateur dans lequel] l’émission de lumière est généralement due à la présence d’un dopant en faible quantité (comme le thallium dans le Nal ou le Csl) qui induit dans le cristal des niveaux localisés à l’intérieur du gap [...] 1, record 5, French, - scintillateur%20inorganique
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Lorsque des paires électron-trou sont créées, ces charges se retrouvent rapidement piégées sur ces niveaux localisés appelés centres de luminescence. La transition d’un électron du niveau excité au niveau «libre» fondamental se traduit alors par l'émission d’un photon. Celui-ci, ayant une énergie inférieure à celle de la bande interdite, peut se propager aisément dans le scintillateur avec une probabilité faible d’être autoabsorbé. Un autre processus concurrent permet à l'électron, via des niveaux localisés dans le gap(centres de «quenching») d’effectuer une transition non radiative vers l'état fondamental. 1, record 5, French, - scintillateur%20inorganique
Record 5, Spanish
Record 5, Textual support, Spanish
Record 6 - internal organization data 2009-10-15
Record 6, English
Record 6, Subject field(s)
- Photoelectricity and Electron Optics
- Atomic Physics
- Radiological Physics (Theory and Application)
Record 6, Main entry term, English
- quenching center
1, record 6, English, quenching%20center
correct
Record 6, Abbreviations, English
Record 6, Synonyms, English
Record 6, Textual support, English
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT
An intrinsic self-generated quenching center for lanthanide-doped high-purity solids is presented for transitions, which cannot be quenched by cross-relaxation. This center, in fact a cluster-like pair of active centers, is shown to come from a particular multiphonon-assisted energy transfer between them. Being due to the vibronic properties of the host it cannot be suppressed. 1, record 6, English, - quenching%20center
Record 6, Key term(s)
- quenching centre
Record 6, French
Record 6, Domaine(s)
- Photo-électricité et optique électronique
- Physique atomique
- Physique radiologique et applications
Record 6, Main entry term, French
- centre de quenching
1, record 6, French, centre%20de%20quenching
masculine noun
Record 6, Abbreviations, French
Record 6, Synonyms, French
Record 6, Textual support, French
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Lorsque des paires électron-trou sont créées, ces charges se retrouvent rapidement piégées sur [des] niveaux localisés appelés centres de luminescence. La transition d’un électron du niveau excité au niveau «libre» fondamental se traduit alors par l'émission d’un photon. Celui-ci, ayant une énergie inférieure à celle de la bande interdite, peut se propager aisément dans le scintillateur avec une probabilité faible d’être autoabsorbé. Un autre processus concurrent permet à l'électron, via des niveaux localisés dans le gap(centres de «quenching») d’effectuer une transition non radiative vers l'état fondamental. 2, record 6, French, - centre%20de%20quenching
Record 6, Spanish
Record 6, Textual support, Spanish
Record 7 - internal organization data 2009-10-13
Record 7, English
Record 7, Subject field(s)
- Radiological Physics (Theory and Application)
- Atomic Physics
Record 7, Main entry term, English
- internal conversion 1, record 7, English, internal%20conversion
Record 7, Abbreviations, English
Record 7, Synonyms, English
Record 7, Textual support, English
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The energy ... may also be released by the process known as internal conversion, in which the nuclear excitation energy is transferred internally to one of the atomic electrons. 1, record 7, English, - internal%20conversion
Record 7, French
Record 7, Domaine(s)
- Physique radiologique et applications
- Physique atomique
Record 7, Main entry term, French
- conversion interne
1, record 7, French, conversion%20interne
correct, feminine noun
Record 7, Abbreviations, French
Record 7, Synonyms, French
Record 7, Textual support, French
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La conversion interne est un mode de désexcitation des noyaux d’atomes, produits dans des états discrets d’énergies supérieures à celle de leur minimum(niveau fondamental), en compétition directe avec l'émission de rayonnements électromagnétiques «gamma». Chaque transition entre deux niveaux d’énergies distinctes correspond soit à l'émission d’un rayonnement gamma, soit à celle d’un électron «de conversion», processus dans lequel l'énergie d’excitation du noyau est directement transférée à un électron du cortège électronique. Cette énergie, si elle surmonte l'énergie de liaison de l'électron, permet son expulsion de l'atome. 2, record 7, French, - conversion%20interne
Record 7, Spanish
Record 7, Textual support, Spanish
Record 8 - internal organization data 2008-05-09
Record 8, English
Record 8, Subject field(s)
- Photoelectricity and Electron Optics
- Solar Energy
Universal entry(ies) Record 8
Record 8, Main entry term, English
- band gap energy
1, record 8, English, band%20gap%20energy
correct
Record 8, Abbreviations, English
Record 8, Synonyms, English
Record 8, Textual support, English
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The amount of energy (in electron volts) required to free an outer shell electron from its orbit about the nucleus to a free state, and thus promote it from the valence to the conduction level. 1, record 8, English, - band%20gap%20energy
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS
The letter "g" in Eg is a subscript. 2, record 8, English, - band%20gap%20energy
Record 8, French
Record 8, Domaine(s)
- Photo-électricité et optique électronique
- Énergie solaire
Entrée(s) universelle(s) Record 8
Record 8, Main entry term, French
- énergie de bande interdite
1, record 8, French, %C3%A9nergie%20de%20bande%20interdite
correct, feminine noun
Record 8, Abbreviations, French
Record 8, Synonyms, French
- énergie de largeur de bande interdite 2, record 8, French, %C3%A9nergie%20de%20largeur%20de%20bande%20interdite
feminine noun
Record 8, Textual support, French
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Quantité d’énergie(en électronvolts) requise pour libérer un électron en couche externe de son orbite autour du noyau vers un état libre, et ainsi réaliser sa promotion(activation), de la valence au niveau de conduction. 3, record 8, French, - %C3%A9nergie%20de%20bande%20interdite
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Dans la formule Eg, le «g» est en indice. 3, record 8, French, - %C3%A9nergie%20de%20bande%20interdite
Record 8, Spanish
Record 8, Textual support, Spanish
Record 9 - external organization data 2003-07-02
Record 9, English
Record 9, Subject field(s)
- Atomic Physics
- Chemistry
- Energy (Physics)
- Compartment - Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission
Record 9, Main entry term, English
- atomic structure
1, record 9, English, atomic%20structure
correct
Record 9, Abbreviations, English
Record 9, Synonyms, English
Record 9, Textual support, English
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The arrangement of the parts of an atom, which consists of a massive, positively charged nucleous surrounded by a cloud of electrons arranged in orbits describable in terms of quantum mechanics. 2, record 9, English, - atomic%20structure
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Atomic structure and properties ... A more meaningful definition of "atom" can be made in terms of the internal structure, which has been well understood at least since 1927. In these terms the atom is the unit of matter that contains a small, dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by sufficient negative electrons to make the whole electrically neutral. Structure. All atoms are about the same size, and this fact is a clue to the nature of their structure. The atomic diameter is about 2 X 10[superscript] -8 cm (2 hundred-millionths of a centimeter). Since this is only 1/1000 of the wavelength of visible light, atoms cannot be seen in the ordinary sense, even with microscope. 3, record 9, English, - atomic%20structure
Record 9, French
Record 9, Domaine(s)
- Physique atomique
- Chimie
- Énergie (Physique)
- Tiroir - Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
Record 9, Main entry term, French
- structure de l’atome
1, record 9, French, structure%20de%20l%26rsquo%3Batome
correct, feminine noun
Record 9, Abbreviations, French
Record 9, Synonyms, French
- structure atomique 2, record 9, French, structure%20atomique
see observation, feminine noun
Record 9, Textual support, French
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Structure de l'atome [...] L'atome est composé de trois éléments de base : le proton, le neutron et l'électron. Ils sont groupés en : a) Un noyau, très dense, où est concentrée presque toute la masse de l'atome, et qui est formé de nucléons de masses très voisines(1, 66. 10[ exposant]-24g) [...] Ces nucléons sont les protons(P), portant une charge électrique positive(1, 6. 10[ exposant]-19C), et les neutrons(N), sans charge électrique. b) Autour de ce noyau gravitent des électrons [...] en couches successives(K, L, M,...) ;à chaque couche correspond un niveau d’énergie [...] La masse de l'électron est environ 1 850 fois plus faible que celle du proton. Le diamètre de l'atome est de l'ordre de 10[ exposant]-8 cm, celui du noyau de 10[ exposant]-12 cm, c'est-à-dire 10 000 fois plus petit. 3, record 9, French, - structure%20de%20l%26rsquo%3Batome
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS
On doit, en principe, dire «structure de l’atome». Toutefois, on parlera de la structure atomique de tel ou tel corps simple. 4, record 9, French, - structure%20de%20l%26rsquo%3Batome
Record 9, Spanish
Record 9, Textual support, Spanish
Record 10 - internal organization data 2000-03-02
Record 10, English
Record 10, Subject field(s)
- Microbiology and Parasitology
Record 10, Main entry term, English
- Bacteroides fragilis
1, record 10, English, Bacteroides%20fragilis
correct
Record 10, Abbreviations, English
Record 10, Synonyms, English
Record 10, Textual support, English
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The species of Bacteroides most present in human infections but not in the normal flora. 2, record 10, English, - Bacteroides%20fragilis
Record 10, French
Record 10, Domaine(s)
- Microbiologie et parasitologie
Record 10, Main entry term, French
- Bacteroides fragilis
1, record 10, French, Bacteroides%20fragilis
correct
Record 10, Abbreviations, French
Record 10, Synonyms, French
Record 10, Textual support, French
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les Bactéroïdes du groupe fragilis sont des bacilles à Gram négatif appartenant à la famille des Bacteroidaceae qui constituent une famille très importante de bactéries anaérobies, en particulier au niveau du tractus intestinal. Ces bactéries ont en commun de ne pas utiliser l'oxygène comme accepteur d’électron, leur croissance pouvant même être inhibée en présence d’O2. 2, record 10, French, - Bacteroides%20fragilis
Record 10, Spanish
Record 10, Textual support, Spanish
Record 11 - internal organization data 1995-03-01
Record 11, English
Record 11, Subject field(s)
- Energy (Physics)
Record 11, Main entry term, English
- work function 1, record 11, English, work%20function
Record 11, Abbreviations, English
Record 11, Synonyms, English
Record 11, Textual support, English
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Energy (or work) required to withdraw an electron completely from a metal surface. This energy is a mesure of how tightly a particular metal holds its electrons--that is, of how much lower the electron's energy is when present within the metal than when completely free. The work function is important in applications involving electron emission from metals, as in photocells (electric eyes) and vacuum tubes. 2, record 11, English, - work%20function
Record 11, Key term(s)
- energy function
Record 11, French
Record 11, Domaine(s)
- Énergie (Physique)
Record 11, Main entry term, French
- travail d’extraction
1, record 11, French, travail%20d%26rsquo%3Bextraction
masculine noun
Record 11, Abbreviations, French
Record 11, Synonyms, French
Record 11, Textual support, French
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Énergie minimale nécessaire pour faire passer un électron d’un niveau de Fermi à l'infini, exprimé en eV [électron-volt](électronique théorique). 1, record 11, French, - travail%20d%26rsquo%3Bextraction
Record 11, Key term(s)
- énergie d’extraction
Record 11, Spanish
Record 11, Textual support, Spanish
Record 12 - internal organization data 1986-10-08
Record 12, English
Record 12, Subject field(s)
- Astrochemistry and Cosmochemistry
- Astronomy
Record 12, Main entry term, English
- Lyman series
1, record 12, English, Lyman%20series
correct
Record 12, Abbreviations, English
Record 12, Synonyms, English
Record 12, Textual support, English
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Whenever an electron makes a transition to the ground state of hydrogen, for example, there is given off a photon of sufficient energy to place it in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum. All such transitions from any higher energy level to the ground state of hydrogen constitute a series of spectral lines in the ultraviolet, called the "Lyman series" (...) 2, record 12, English, - Lyman%20series
Record 12, French
Record 12, Domaine(s)
- Astrochimie et cosmochimie
- Astronomie
Record 12, Main entry term, French
- série de Lyman
1, record 12, French, s%C3%A9rie%20de%20Lyman
correct, feminine noun
Record 12, Abbreviations, French
Record 12, Synonyms, French
Record 12, Textual support, French
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF
(...) ensemble de raies spectrales produites par un atome passant de l’état fondamental aux niveaux supérieurs. 2, record 12, French, - s%C3%A9rie%20de%20Lyman
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les raies les plus intenses de tous les éléments appartiennent généralement à la série principale et résultent de la transition au niveau le plus profond, fondamental de l'atome. Ceci est dû au fait que l'électron de l'atome a tendance à reprendre son état fondamental à énergie potentielle minimale. La série principale de l'hydrogène appelée "série de Lyman"(...) se situe tout entière dans l'ultraviolet lointain(...) 3, record 12, French, - s%C3%A9rie%20de%20Lyman
Record 12, Spanish
Record 12, Textual support, Spanish
Record 13 - internal organization data 1976-06-19
Record 13, English
Record 13, Subject field(s)
- Chemistry
- Atomic Physics
Record 13, Main entry term, English
- transit of an electron from one energy level to another 1, record 13, English, transit%20of%20an%20electron%20from%20one%20energy%20level%20to%20another
Record 13, Abbreviations, English
Record 13, Synonyms, English
Record 13, French
Record 13, Domaine(s)
- Chimie
- Physique atomique
Record 13, Main entry term, French
- passage d’un électron d’un niveau énergétique à un autre
1, record 13, French, passage%20d%26rsquo%3Bun%20%C3%A9lectron%20d%26rsquo%3Bun%20niveau%20%C3%A9nerg%C3%A9tique%20%C3%A0%20un%20autre
masculine noun
Record 13, Abbreviations, French
Record 13, Synonyms, French
Record 13, Textual support, French
Record 13, Spanish
Record 13, Textual support, Spanish
Record 14 - internal organization data 1976-06-19
Record 14, English
Record 14, Subject field(s)
- Energy (Physics)
- Atomic Physics
Record 14, Main entry term, English
- electron on a level 1, record 14, English, electron%20on%20a%20level
Record 14, Abbreviations, English
Record 14, Synonyms, English
Record 14, Textual support, English
Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS
condensed form for "the energy values of the energetic states of an electron on a level" 1, record 14, English, - electron%20on%20a%20level
Record 14, French
Record 14, Domaine(s)
- Énergie (Physique)
- Physique atomique
Record 14, Main entry term, French
- électron sur un niveau
1, record 14, French, %C3%A9lectron%20sur%20un%20niveau
masculine noun
Record 14, Abbreviations, French
Record 14, Synonyms, French
Record 14, Textual support, French
Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Forme elliptique de l'expression "point figuratif de l'état énergétique d’un électron sur un niveau"(BT-36). 1, record 14, French, - %C3%A9lectron%20sur%20un%20niveau
Record 14, Spanish
Record 14, Textual support, Spanish
Copyright notice for the TERMIUM Plus® data bank
© Public Services and Procurement Canada, 2025
TERMIUM Plus®, the Government of Canada's terminology and linguistic data bank
A product of the Translation Bureau
Features
Language Portal of Canada

Access a collection of Canadian resources on all aspects of English and French, including quizzes.
Writing tools

The Language Portal’s writing tools have a new look! Easy to consult, they give you access to a wealth of information that will help you write better in English and French.
Glossaries and vocabularies

Access Translation Bureau glossaries and vocabularies.
- Date Modified: