TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Some advanced methods are also used to harness geothermal energy. Enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) is one such method. An EGS plant ... consists of both aboveground and subsurface infrastructure. Developing an EGS reservoir involves injecting cold fracturing fluid deep underground to open up preexisting cracks or develop new ones ... Then, the geothermal energy is extracted by rerouting a working fluid. By pumping it through the geothermal reservoir's fractured network, the fluid can be heated to a higher temperature before being withdrawn from yet another well ...  3, record 1, English, - enhanced%20geothermal%20system%20power%20plant

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Centrale électrique qui est alimentée à partir d’un réservoir créé artificiellement par fracturation hydraulique ou par stimulation chimique.  2, record 1, French, - centrale%20%C3%A0%20syst%C3%A8me%20g%C3%A9othermique%20stimul%C3%A9

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé de fracturation de la roche-magasin pour activer la production [...] caractérisé par l'explosion au fond du puits d’une bombe unique.  1, record 2, French, - torpillage

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A hydraulic fracture is formed by pumping the fracturing fluid into the wellbore at a rate sufficient to increase the pressure downhole to a value in excess of the fracture gradient of the formation rock. The pressure causes the formation to crack, allowing the fracturing fluid to enter and extend the crack farther into the formation. To keep this fracture open after the injection stops, a solid proppant, commonly a sieved round sand, is added to the fracture fluid. The propped hydraulic fracture then becomes a high permeability conduit through which the formation fluids can flow to the well.  2, record 5, English, - hydraulic%20fracture

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La fracture hydraulique se forme dans une formation rocheuse après que celle-ci ait subi une opération de fracturation hydraulique.  2, record 5, French, - fracture%20hydraulique

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

During the hydraulic fracturing process, some of the fracturing fluid may leave the fracture and enter the targeted formation adjacent to the created fracture (i.e. untreated formation). This phenomenon is known as fluid leak-off. The fluid flows into the micropore or pore spaces of the formation or into existing natural fractures in the formation or into small fractures opened and propagated into the formation by the pressure in the induced fracture.  7, record 6, English, - fracture%20fluid%20leak%2Doff

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Phénomène se produisant lorsque le liquide de fracturation hydraulique s’écoule de la fracture principale et s’infiltre dans une autre partie de la formation ou dans un autre réseau de fractures.  2, record 6, French, - fuite%20de%20fluide%20de%20fracturation

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... in many shale formations, the fracing process is repeated a number oftimes in isolated segments along the length of the wellbore. This is multistagefracing, which increases the well’s production by stimulating a larger portion of the underground formation. The multiple stages set for fracing may be along vertical or horizontal wellbores, and in new or existing wells.  10, record 7, English, - multi%2Dstage%20hydraulic%20fracturing

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The terms "fraccing" and "fracing," short for "fracturing," are pronounced "fracking."  11, record 7, English, - multi%2Dstage%20hydraulic%20fracturing

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Opération consistant à fracturer, segment par segment, une formation rocheuse au moyen de liquide sous pression, afin de permettre l’échappement de gaz naturel.  2, record 7, French, - fracturation%20hydraulique%20en%20plusieurs%20%C3%A9tapes

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Artificial fracturing is required to increase the effective porosity of ... organic-rich shales and release the tightly held methane. ... Both the porosity and the permeability of [the tight sands] formations are low so that hydraulic or explosive fracturing techniques must be employed to recover the gas.  2, record 8, English, - artificial%20fracturing

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé de stimulation qui consiste à créer artificiellement des fractures dans la couche productrice afin d’en augmenter la perméabilité au voisinage immédiat du puits.  2, record 8, French, - fracturation%20artificielle

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La fracturation hydraulique et la fracturation explosive sont deux types de fracturation artificielle.  3, record 8, French, - fracturation%20artificielle

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Horizontal hydraulic fracturing is accomplished by drilling vertically to the depth of the shale formation, which is generally found between 0.6 – 1.5 km below the surface. When the gas-containing shale is intercepted, the drill bit is maneuvered to travel horizontally through the center of the formation for a distance of up to 1.6km. Water, biocides, surfactants, sands, and other chemicals are forced into the borehole under extremely high pressure to induce fractures in the shale that allow gas to rise to the surface for collection ...  1, record 9, English, - horizontal%20hydraulic%20fracturing

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The terms "fraccing" and "fracing," short for "fracturing," are pronounced "fracking."  3, record 9, English, - horizontal%20hydraulic%20fracturing

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Processus qui consiste à créer de multiples fractures le long du segment horizontal d’un puits de forage afin d’en augmenter la perméabilité et de permettre au gaz de s’échapper.  2, record 9, French, - fracturation%20hydraulique%20horizontale

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The fracturing of rock in an oil or gas reservoir by pumping a fluid under high pressure into the well.  6, record 11, English, - hydraulic%20fracturing

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Although various forms of fracturing exist, authors often use the term "fracturing," or any one of its derivatives: fracking, fraccing or fracing (all pronounced "fracking"), in the sense of "hydraulic fracturing."  7, record 11, English, - hydraulic%20fracturing

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé qui consiste à créer artificiellement, par pression hydraulique, des fractures afin d’augmenter la perméabilité au voisinage d’un puits.  3, record 11, French, - fracturation%20hydraulique

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Método para inducir caudal en pozos de petróleo por inyección de agua a aguas saladas bajo presión en el estrato petrolífero.  1, record 11, Spanish, - fracturaci%C3%B3n%20hidr%C3%A1ulica

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A technique used to create or enlarge fractures in a geologic formation.  3, record 12, English, - fracturing

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Common soil fracturing techniques include: blast-enhanced fracturing, pneumatic fracturing (PF) ... and hydrofracturing.  4, record 12, English, - fracturing

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Opération qui consiste à créer des fissures dans une formation géologique ou à élargir les fissures déjà existantes.  2, record 12, French, - fracturation

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The process by which multiple fractures are created along the horizontal section of the wellbore in a series of consecutive operations.  1, record 13, English, - horizontal%20multistage%20hydraulic%20fracturing

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Using mechanical means or fluid pressure, each segment of the horizontal wellbore is isolated and fractured individually. Frac fluid is pumped from the surface at a predetermined and constantly monitored rate to the "toe," the farthest isolated segment in the horizontal section. When the fracture is created, proppant-laden fluid is pumped into the fracture to keep it open. Once complete, the process is repeated for each segment in the wellbore, working back towards the "heel."  1, record 13, English, - horizontal%20multistage%20hydraulic%20fracturing

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The terms "fraccing" and "fracing," short for "fracturing," are pronounced "fracking."  6, record 13, English, - horizontal%20multistage%20hydraulic%20fracturing

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Processus qui consiste à créer de multiples fractures le long du segment horizontal d’un puits de forage dans une série d’opérations consécutives.  1, record 13, French, - fracturation%20hydraulique%20horizontale%20en%20plusieurs%20%C3%A9tapes

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fraccing fluid consists mostly of water and sand but small amounts of additives are used to thicken the fluid and improve the efficiency of the process, thus reducing the need for excess water use.  10, record 14, English, - hydraulic%20fracturing%20fluid

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The terms "fraccing" and "fracing," short for "fracturing," are pronounced "fracking."  11, record 14, English, - hydraulic%20fracturing%20fluid

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le liquide de fracturation est principalement composé d’eau(à environ 96 %), de sable(à environ 3, 6 %) et d’additifs(à moins de 1 %) et est pompé à haute pression. Des additifs sont nécessaires pour améliorer la performance du liquide de fracturation.  2, record 14, French, - fluide%20de%20fracturation%20hydraulique

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The pressure per unit depth necessary to fracture the formation.  5, record 15, English, - fracture%20gradient

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Gradient de pression qui, appliqué aux formations de subsurface, cause des fractures physiques aux formations géologiques.  3, record 15, French, - gradient%20de%20fracture

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A high-pressure pump used in hydraulic fracturing.  3, record 16, English, - fracturing%20pump

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pompe à haute pression utilisée dans la fracturation hydraulique.  2, record 16, French, - pompe%20de%20fracturation

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Oil produced from organic-rich shales or from low permeability sandstone, siltstone, limestone or dolostone reservoirs.  4, record 18, English, - tight%20oil

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pétrole produit à partir du schiste riche en matière organique ou de grès, de silt, de calcaire et de dolomies de faible perméabilité.  2, record 18, French, - p%C3%A9trole%20de%20r%C3%A9servoir%20%C3%A9tanche

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[…] le gaz de schiste, le gaz de réservoir étanche et le pétrole de réservoir étanche font référence aux ressources non traditionnelles provenant de réservoirs à faible perméabilité qui sont exploitées en utilisant des puits horizontaux et la fracturation hydraulique en plusieurs étapes.  1, record 18, French, - p%C3%A9trole%20de%20r%C3%A9servoir%20%C3%A9tanche

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pétrole de réservoir compact : terme publié au Journal officiel de la République française le 19 septembre 2018.  4, record 18, French, - p%C3%A9trole%20de%20r%C3%A9servoir%20%C3%A9tanche

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] existen los crudos no convencionales, como el shale oil (petróleo de esquistos) o tight oil (petróleo de formaciones compactas). Igualmente, se incluyen en este tipo de recursos los crudos extrapesados y las arenas bituminosas [...]  4, record 18, Spanish, - petr%C3%B3leo%20de%20formaciones%20compactas

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 CONT

El petróleo compacto [...] es un crudo de esquistos contenido por formaciones de poca permeabilidad [...]  3, record 18, Spanish, - petr%C3%B3leo%20de%20formaciones%20compactas

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Natural gas from very low permeability reservoirs is often referred to as "tight gas" and requires special stimulation before commercial rates of production can be achieved.  5, record 19, English, - tight%20gas

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Tight gas refers to natural gas [accumulated in] reservoirs locked in extraordinarily impermeable, hard rock, making the underground formation extremely "tight."  6, record 19, English, - tight%20gas

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Gaz naturel qui est difficile à extraire de la roche dans laquelle il est piégé, en raison de la faible perméabilité de celle-ci.  7, record 19, French, - gaz%20de%20r%C3%A9servoir%20%C3%A9tanche

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] le gaz de réservoir étanche désigne une composante du gaz classique qui est produite à partir de réservoirs de faible perméabilité. Généralement, les réservoirs de gaz étanches n’ont pas de voies de cheminement naturelles suffisantes à travers le roc pour que le gaz naturel rejoigne le puits de forage; ils ont donc besoin d’une forme de stimulation artificielle pour créer ces voies de cheminement.  8, record 19, French, - gaz%20de%20r%C3%A9servoir%20%C3%A9tanche

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[…] le gaz de schiste, le gaz de réservoir étanche et le pétrole de réservoir étanche font référence aux ressources non traditionnelles provenant de réservoirs à faible perméabilité qui sont exploitées en utilisant des puits horizontaux et la fracturation hydraulique en plusieurs étapes.  9, record 19, French, - gaz%20de%20r%C3%A9servoir%20%C3%A9tanche

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pétrole de réservoir compact : terme et définition publiés au Journal officiel de la République française le 19 septembre 2018.  10, record 19, French, - gaz%20de%20r%C3%A9servoir%20%C3%A9tanche

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] gas natural contenido en rocas muy compactas, areniscas y/o calizas, con valores de permeabilidad matricial muy bajos.  4, record 19, Spanish, - gas%20de%20formaciones%20compactas

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] el gas [...] ha migrado desde la roca madre y se encuentra contenido en microfracturas y en la escasa porosidad matricial de la roca [reservorio].  4, record 19, Spanish, - gas%20de%20formaciones%20compactas

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Canadian Society for Unconventional Resources ... has been extremely active in encouraging the responsible development of [Canada's] unconventional hydrocarbon resources, focusing on shale gas, light tight oil, gas hydrates, natural gas from coal, tight gas sands and carbonates.  1, record 20, English, - unconventional%20hydrocarbon%20resource

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 2 CONT

... coal-bed methane, shale gas, fractured reservoirs, tight oil, oil shales, tight gas, and gas hydrates are all considered unconventional resources ...  5, record 20, English, - unconventional%20hydrocarbon%20resource

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

unconventional hydrocarbon resource; unconventional resource; non-conventional hydrocarbon resource; non-conventional resource: terms usually used in the plural.  6, record 20, English, - unconventional%20hydrocarbon%20resource

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les ressources non classiques désignent les hydrocarbures emprisonnés dans les couches peu perméables du bassin sédimentaire, dont la mise en valeur passe par la fracturation hydraulique ainsi que les sables bitumineux dans lesquels les hydrocarbures se présentent sous forme visqueuse ou solide, intimement liés à du sable et de l'argile.  3, record 20, French, - ressource%20en%20hydrocarbures%20non%20classiques

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ressource en hydrocarbures non classiques; ressource d’hydrocarbures non classiques; ressource non classique; ressource en hydrocarbures non conventionnels; ressource d’hydrocarbures non conventionnels; ressource non conventionnelle : termes habituellement utilisés au pluriel.  7, record 20, French, - ressource%20en%20hydrocarbures%20non%20classiques

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Los recursos no convencionales son hidrocarburos que se encuentran en unas condiciones que no permiten el movimiento del fluido, bien por estar atrapados en rocas poco permeables o por tratarse de petróleos de muy alta viscosidad.  2, record 20, Spanish, - recurso%20de%20hidrocarburos%20no%20convencionales

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

recurso de hidrocarburos no convencionales; recurso no convencional: términos utilizados generalmente en plural.  3, record 20, Spanish, - recurso%20de%20hidrocarburos%20no%20convencionales

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A rock formation with low permeability and porosity containing an accumulation of oil.  2, record 21, English, - tight%20oil%20reservoir

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The percentage of pore volume ... within the rock is generally less than 30% and in tight oil reservoirs is commonly less than 10%.  3, record 21, English, - tight%20oil%20reservoir

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Tight oil reservoirs typically require the combination of horizontal drilling and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing to establish sufficient fluid flow to achieve economic rates of recovery.  4, record 21, English, - tight%20oil%20reservoir

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les réservoirs étanches de pétrole exigent généralement que l'on combine les techniques de forage horizontal et de fracturation hydraulique en plusieurs étapes pour obtenir des taux de production rentables.  2, record 21, French, - r%C3%A9servoir%20%C3%A9tanche%20de%20p%C3%A9trole

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[The phenomenon of] earthquakes caused by human activities.  1, record 22, English, - induced%20seismicity

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Such] earthquakes [can be] triggered by mining, dams, underground nuclear tests and waste-water injection.  1, record 22, English, - induced%20seismicity

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La sismicité est dite induite lorsque l'activité humaine produit un mouvement sur une faille dormante. Elle peut être due au retrait de matériaux au cours de l'exploitation minière par exemple, ou bien liée à l'addition de fluide qui vont lubrifier une zone de failles dans le cas de la fracturation hydraulique.  1, record 22, French, - sismicit%C3%A9%20induite

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour 1, 200 puits refracturés aux 5 ans ou 6, 000 puits sans refracturation, on obtient par jour une quantité impressionnante de fluides de fracturation rejetés [...]  1, record 23, French, - refractur%C3%A9

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"Strength," in brief, is the maximum stress that a body can withstand without failing (i.e., by rupture or continuous deformation).  1, record 24, English, - strength

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 2 CONT

If a body deforms, after a certain stress has been reached, continuously without any increase in stress, this is also called strength ... By common usage, it can be described as the greatest stress that a substance can withstand under normal short-time experiments, or the highest point on a stress-strain curve.  1, record 24, English, - strength

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La «résistance» d’un corps est la contrainte maximum qu'un corps peut supporter sans qu'il y ait rupture,(soit par fracturation, soit par déformation continue).  1, record 24, French, - r%C3%A9sistance

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Si un corps se déforme, après qu’une certaine contrainte ait été atteinte continuellement sans augmentation de la contrainte, ceci est aussi appelé résistance [...] Selon l’usage courant, le terme peut être décrit comme étant la plus grande contrainte qu’une substance peut soutenir sous des essais normaux de courte durée, ou le plus haut point sur la courbe contrainte-déformation unitaire.  1, record 24, French, - r%C3%A9sistance

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Injection of rubber, plastic or metal balls with the fracturing fluid to plug up bottomhole perforations.  1, record 25, English, - ball%2Dsealer%20process

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Injection de billes de caoutchouc dans le fluide de fracturation afin d’obstruer les perforations une fois le fluide sorti.  1, record 25, French, - obturation%20par%20billes

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A wireline well log of the sonic type that locates fractures in the rocks adjacent to the wellbore by the attenuation of acoustic energy across the fractures.  2, record 26, English, - fracture%20log

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The fracture log records the cumulative amplitude of acoustic waves from a sonic logging tool during a specific time range.  2, record 26, English, - fracture%20log

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fracture: A crack, joint, or fault in a rock due to mechanical failure by stress.  2, record 27, English, - fracturology

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 2 OBS

-ology: Any of various studies or concepts designated by terms ending in "-ology" and thereby regarded as generically related.  3, record 27, English, - fracturology

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Étude des fractures géologiques, notamment de leur rôle dans l’exploration des gisements d’hydrocarbures.  1, record 27, French, - fracturologie

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fracturologie [...]. La connaissance du schéma de fracturation d’un gisement fissuré est très importante, car elle conditionne l'écoulement des fluides [...]  2, record 27, French, - fracturologie

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... horizontal drilling is usually undertaken to achieve important technical objectives related to specific characteristics of a target reservoir [such as] the reservoir rock's permeability, which is its capacity to conduct fluid flow through the interconnections of its pore spaces (termed its "matrix permeability"), or through fractures (its "fracture permeability"), and/or the expected propensity of the reservoir to develop water or gas influxes deleterious to production, either from other parts of the reservoir or from adjacent rocks, as production takes place (an event called "coning").  2, record 28, English, - fracture%20permeability

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Perméabilité secondaire artificiellement créée par les fractures provoquées dans un milieu rocheux.  1, record 28, French, - permeabilit%C3%A9%20par%20fracturation

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La fracturation est un procédé utilisé dans l'extraction du pétrole pour augmenter, en y pratiquant des fractures, la perméabilité de la couche productrice.  2, record 28, French, - permeabilit%C3%A9%20par%20fracturation

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 2 OBS

perméabilité par fracturation : Équivalent confirmé par Robert Bélanger, chef, Services scientifiques, Ressources naturelles Canada.  2, record 28, French, - permeabilit%C3%A9%20par%20fracturation

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A crack that is slightly wider than the thickness of your hand.  2, record 29, English, - hand%20crack

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Hand Cracks. The hand crack has the most secure jams. The entire hand slides into the crack and the thumb rolls into the palm.  3, record 29, English, - hand%20crack

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Hand cracks require you to jam your open hand in them ...  2, record 29, English, - hand%20crack

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The hand crack is the width of the hand in a flat, upright position; the fist crack is the width of the hand when closed as a fist.  4, record 29, English, - hand%20crack

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ligne de fracturation de la roche dans laquelle on peut entrer et coincer la main entière.  1, record 29, French, - fissure%20%C3%A0%20main

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le terme «fissure à main» a été proposé par l’instructeur d’escalade et directeur général de l’école d’escalade l’Ascension Inc.  1, record 29, French, - fissure%20%C3%A0%20main

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le terme «fissure à main» ne précise pas la largeur de la fissure par rapport à la position de la main comme le terme en anglais. L’escalade libre à l’aide des trous ou des fissures du rocher est beaucoup moins développée en France qu’en Amérique du Nord à cause du type de montagnes. Cela pourrait expliquer pourquoi cette notion particulière, qui existe en anglais, n’a pas de terminologie exacte en français. On utilise plutôt une notion plus générique comme les fissures à coincements.  1, record 29, French, - fissure%20%C3%A0%20main

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... fracture pattern controls fluid flow in fractured rocks.  3, record 30, English, - fracture%20pattern

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The frac fluid is mixed and stored in frac tanks.  3, record 31, English, - fracturing%20tank

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réservoir de produits liquides de fracturation.  1, record 31, French, - r%C3%A9servoir%20de%20fracturation

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The use of explosives in rock breaking.  3, record 32, English, - shooting

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Shooting has now largely been replaced by formation fracturing.  4, record 32, English, - shooting

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Méthode de stimulation de la production supplantée maintenant par la fracturation hydraulique mais encore utilisée dans les formations peu profondes.  2, record 32, French, - torpillage

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On appelle «torpillage» l’opération qui consiste à faire éclater une forte charge d’explosif dans le forage : 20 à 30 m sont nécessaires entre la charge et le sabot et la dernière colonne. On peut ainsi : - sectionner une colonne, - refouler dans les parois du forage le poisson qu’on ne peut pas retirer, - briser la partie inférieure du train de sonde.  3, record 32, French, - torpillage

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A reservoir] that has a high resistance to fluid flow.  2, record 33, English, - low%20permeability%20reservoir

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] la fracturation hydraulique est maintenant la technique de stimulation la plus utilisée. Elle obtient beaucoup de succès et s’applique généralement aux puits forésdans des réservoirs de faible perméabilité pour augmenter le taux de production.  2, record 33, French, - r%C3%A9servoir%20de%20faible%20perm%C3%A9abilit%C3%A9

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The fluid flows into the micropore or pore spaces of the formation or into existing natural fractures in the formation or into small fractures opened and propagated into the formation by the pressure in the induced fracture.  2, record 34, English, - natural%20fracture

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le principe de la fracturation hydraulique consiste à envoyer dans le puits un mélange d’eau et de sable sous forte pression, afin de provoquer des fractures dans la roche à travers le tubage du puits, préalablement perforé sur certains segments pour assurer la communication avec la formation géologique, ou d’agrandir les fractures naturelles de la roche. Les grains de sable qui s’insèrent dans les fractures ainsi créées les empêchent de se refermer ultérieurement quand la pression se relâche.  3, record 34, French, - fracture%20naturelle

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Freshwater that is used to pressurize and fracture oil-bearing formations to increase permeability and enhance the flow and recovery of oil.  3, record 35, English, - fracturing%20water

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'eau de fracturation est utilisée, une fois le forage complété, pour fracturer le [schiste] et ainsi libérer le gaz naturel qui y est emprisonné.  2, record 35, French, - eau%20de%20fracturation

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An area with a great number of fractures.  2, record 36, English, - fracture%20zone

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fracture zone: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.  3, record 36, English, - fracture%20zone

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les images obtenues permettent de décrire une segmentation complexe incluant une zone de fracture, des incurvations de la vallée axiale et des interruptions des rides néovolcaniques.  4, record 36, French, - zone%20de%20fracture

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

zone de fractures : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.  5, record 36, French, - zone%20de%20fracture

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... by creating an artificial fracture, individual molecules that are a long distance from the well can find their way to the fracture, and once there, can travel quickly through the fracture to the well.  2, record 37, English, - artificial%20fracture

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Le principe de la fracturation hydraulique est] de créer des fissures artificielles pour déloger le gaz de sa matrice [...]  2, record 37, French, - fracture%20artificielle

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The casing protects aquifers during production, when gas is flowing up the wellbore, as well as during completion operations, such as hydraulic fracturing. ... The cemented casing isolates aquifers from the wellbore.  2, record 38, English, - cemented%20casing

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le tubage de puits protège les formations aquifères pendant la production, lorsque le gaz circule vers le puits de forage, ainsi que pendant la complétion des opérations, comme au moment de la fracturation hydraulique. [...] Le tubage cimenté isole complètement les formations aquifères des puits de forage.  2, record 38, French, - tubage%20ciment%C3%A9

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A granular substance (as sand grains, walnut shells, or other material carried in suspension by the fracturing fluid) that serves to keep the fracture open when the fracturing fluid is withdrawn after a fracture treatment.  3, record 39, English, - proppant

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Sable, céramique ou billes de résine pompés dans un trou de forage à la fin de l'étape de fracturation afin d’agrandir les fractures nouvellement créées et ainsi augmenter la perméabilité.  2, record 39, French, - agent%20de%20sout%C3%A8nement

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fracturation. [...] au fur et à mesure de l'extension de la fracture, on injecte un matériau granulaire, appelé agent de soutènement, destiné à maintenir la fracture ouverte lorsque la pression est relâchée.  3, record 39, French, - agent%20de%20sout%C3%A8nement

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The process of opening cracks in hard carbonate productive formations by using a combination of oil and acid under high pressure.  2, record 40, English, - acid%20fracturing

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fracturing. ... Some of the fluids which are used in this process are crude oil ..., special refined oils ..., water ..., acid (acid fracturing), and oil, water, and chemical emulsion (emulsifracturing).  3, record 40, English, - acid%20fracturing

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Opération consistant à élargir les fissures d’une formation carbonatée ou encore à créer des fissures par l’action combinée d’huiles et de solutions de divers acides.  2, record 40, French, - fracturation%20%C3%A0%20l%27acide

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In describing crystal form and symmetry, the placing of the crystal so that its crystallographic axes are in the conventional position.  2, record 41, English, - crystal%20orientation

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ces schistes sont caractérisés par un débit plus ou moins facile en feuillets, dû soit à une fracturation, soit à une orientation des cristaux de la roche parallèlement à ses plans de clivage.  4, record 41, French, - orientation%20cristallographique

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A distinctively striated conical structure in rocks, ranging in length from less than a centimeter to several meters, along which fracturing has occurred.  2, record 42, English, - shatter%20cone

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The presence of shatter cones is evidence that there has been meteor impact.  3, record 42, English, - shatter%20cone

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The shock features include shatter cones, and planar dislocations and kink bands in certain rock-forming minerals ...  4, record 42, English, - shatter%20cone

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Shatter cones are] generally found in nested or composite groups in the rocks of impact structures and formed by shock waves generated by impact.  2, record 42, English, - shatter%20cone

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 2 OBS

shatter cone: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.  5, record 42, English, - shatter%20cone

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Structure conique striée qui se forme dans les roches à grains fins sous la pression intense d’un impact météoritique.  9, record 42, French, - c%C3%B4ne%20de%20percussion

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L’onde de choc génère des dommages permanents dans les roches de la région cible, dommages d’aspect unique qui permettent de reconnaître sans ambiguïté un site d’impact. Il s’agit, entre autres, de fractures coniques ou shattercones.  6, record 42, French, - c%C3%B4ne%20de%20percussion

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[Les] structures de choc comprennent des fractures coniques ainsi que des plans de dislocation et des kinkbands dans certains minéraux essentiels des roches ignées [...]  10, record 42, French, - c%C3%B4ne%20de%20percussion

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Les cônes de percussion sont encore appelés cônes de pression, de fracturation, et shatter cones par les auteurs américains. Ils se développent dans les roches compétentes à grain fin(microgranites, lamprophyres). La roche présente un débit suivant des surfaces coniques dont les stries divergent à partir du sommet du cône.  11, record 42, French, - c%C3%B4ne%20de%20percussion

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cône de fracturation : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada-Secteur des sciences de la Terre.  12, record 42, French, - c%C3%B4ne%20de%20percussion

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An intrusive igneous rock that has an approximately equal proportion of orthoclase and plagioclase feldspars.  5, record 43, English, - adamellite

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Frequently at the contacts of skarns and intrusions there is a completely gradational contact and this is the case at the Memé copper mine where a large block of Cretaceous limestone has been surrounded by quartz-monzonite.  3, record 43, English, - adamellite

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

quartz monzonite: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.  6, record 43, English, - adamellite

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Roche acide contenant orthose, plagioclase, quartz, hornblende et biotite.  5, record 43, French, - adamellite

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] la minéralisation de nombreux porphyres cuprifères est liée à la densité de fracturation précoce des roches encaissantes, souvent des monzonites quartzifères.  3, record 43, French, - adamellite

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le terme d’«adamellite» peut être considéré comme synonyme de granite monzonitique.  4, record 43, French, - adamellite

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 2 OBS

monzonite quartzique : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.  6, record 43, French, - adamellite

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF

One of a set of closely spaced, parallel faults.  1, record 44, English, - step%20fault

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Faille appartenant à un réseau de failles parallèles rapprochées sur lesquelles le déplacement total est distribué.  5, record 44, French, - faille%20en%20escalier

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les failles en gradins, dans lesquelles la fracturation se produit suivant des plans subparallèles et de telle sorte que les compartiments abaissés soient toujours du même côté par rapport à ces plans. Quand cette disposition se présente sur les deux côtés d’une masse centrale qui domine les autres, on obtient un môle tectonique ou horst; si, par contre c'est le phénomène opposé qui se produit, une zone allongée et étroite abaissée par rapport à deux systèmes de gradins, on obtient un fossé tectonique ou graben.  3, record 44, French, - faille%20en%20escalier

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La dénivellation [...] est [...] répartie entre une série de petites failles parallèles dont les rejets s’additionnent, et qui déterminent une série de gradins étagés les uns au-dessus des autres.  6, record 44, French, - faille%20en%20escalier

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The capacity to part along closely spaced, parallel surfaces of fracture or near-fracture, commonly in a single set, but occasionally in intersecting sets.  3, record 45, English, - fracture%20cleavage

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

It is important to mention the presence of a deformation band, with fracture schistosity, in the area affected by low-grade metamorphism.  2, record 45, English, - fracture%20cleavage

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fracture cleavage: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.  4, record 45, English, - fracture%20cleavage

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Schistosité caractérisée par un débit relativement espacé et irrégulier, portant souvent l’empreinte de dissolution.  4, record 45, French, - schistosit%C3%A9%20de%20fracture

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] la schistosité de fracture [...] n’est parfois qu’une simple tendance au débitage en feuillets parallèles.  5, record 45, French, - schistosit%C3%A9%20de%20fracture

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

clivage de fracture; schistosité de fracturation : termes en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada-Secteur des sciences de la Terre.  6, record 45, French, - schistosit%C3%A9%20de%20fracture

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Superfrac is a new hydraulic-fracturing technique which involves fracturing wells with mixtures of viscous oil and water carrying large propping agents. In this new technique the viscous fluid is pumped down the casing or tubing surrounded by an annular film of water.  1, record 46, English, - Superfrac

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mode de fracturation(applicable aux formations à faible ou haute perméabilité) utilisant un fluide à haute viscosité(dispersion eau dans l'huile) et permettant d’obtenir une grande largeur de fissuration(10 mm).  1, record 46, French, - superfrac

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans le cas des ouvrages de captage de type ouvert aménagés dans les formations aquifères rocheuses, la fracturation hydraulique ou l'hydrofracturation peut être appliquée pour augmenter le débit d’un puits colmaté ou non.  2, record 47, French, - puits%20colmat%C3%A9

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Rock has two distinct features, faces and cracks. Faces are unbroken slabs of rock. Cracks split these slabs in two.  3, record 48, English, - crack

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Cracks vary in size from seams to chimneys. They are classified by the techniques used to climb them. Seams are so small you can't get your fingers in them; tips take only your fingertips; next is finger cracks, off-fingers, hand cracks, off-hands, fist cracks, off-widths, squeeze chimneys, and chimneys.  4, record 48, English, - crack

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fracture de rocher, verticale, horizontale, ou oblique, dont se sert le grimpeur pour progresser.  1, record 48, French, - fissure

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les fissures correspondent à des lignes de fracturation de la roche; selon leur largeur, de quelques millimètres à un mètre environ, les grimpeurs les appellent fissures à doigts, fissures à coincements, fissures larges, fissures-cheminées, cheminées.  1, record 48, French, - fissure

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La technique de la protection [...] nécessite une observation attentive du rocher pour déceler fissures, trous, bracelets du rocher qui vont fournir un emplacement pour un piton, un coinceur, une cordelette.  1, record 48, French, - fissure

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

scanned data: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.  2, record 49, English, - scanned%20data

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Scanned chart data.  3, record 49, English, - scanned%20data

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 2 PHR

Scanned map data.  4, record 49, English, - scanned%20data

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les résultats d’une étude de démonstration de technologie sont présentés pour le groupe de modélisation humaine de Recherche et Développement pour la défense Canada (RDDC) Toronto. Le présent rapport décrit une méthode et un système d’intégration de données obtenues par balayage laser et photogrammétrie numérique.  4, record 49, French, - donn%C3%A9es%20obtenues%20par%20balayage

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Développement d’outils plus puissants en calcul 3D : plate-forme permettant d’intégrer des volumes 3D [3 dimensions] très réalistes à partir des données topographiques scannées, et de tester un large éventail d’hypothèses sur la fracturation du milieu rocheux [...]  3, record 49, French, - donn%C3%A9es%20obtenues%20par%20balayage

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

données obtenues par balayage : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.  5, record 49, French, - donn%C3%A9es%20obtenues%20par%20balayage

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Données topographiques lues optiquement ligne par ligne.  2, record 49, French, - donn%C3%A9es%20obtenues%20par%20balayage

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A typical multi-head breaker is a rubber-tired, self-propelled unit which carries 1,000 to 1,500 pound hammers mounted laterally in pairs. Half of the hammers are in a forward row and the remainder diagonally offset in a rear row so that there is continuous breakage from side to side. Each pair of hammers is attached to a hydraulic lift cylinder which operates as an independent unit. Each unit can develop between 1,000 and 8,000 foot pounds of energy depending upon drop height selected. The units can cycle at a rate of 30 to 35 impacts per minute. The typical machine is eight foot wide and carries twelve hammers eight inches in width. An extension wing, carrying two 1,500 pound hammers, can be added to each side for a total breaking width of up to 13 feet. Pavement breaking can be as narrow as 2.67 feet or increased in increments up to 13 feet. Typical production rates per machine are 6000-8000 square yards per day.  1, record 50, English, - multi%2Dhead%20breaker%20machine

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A type of equipment used to rubblized concrete pavements.  3, record 50, English, - multi%2Dhead%20breaker%20machine

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Brise-dalle agissant par percussion et qui est utilisé dans les opérations de fracturation par résonnance.  1, record 50, French, - brise%2Ddalle%20%C3%A0%20marteaux

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The resonant breaker ... produces low amplitude, high frequency blows by vibrating a large steel beam that is connected to a foot (can be varied in width from six to twelve inches) that is moved along the concrete surface at the front of the machine. Resonant breakers require multiple passes to rubblize the full lane width.  1, record 51, English, - resonant%20breaker%20machine

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Brise-dalle muni d’un sabot vibrant et qui est utilisé dans les opérations de fracturation par résonnance.  1, record 51, French, - brise%2Ddalle%20par%20r%C3%A9sonnance

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The pod-like Ross-Adams deposit appears to have formed during regional faulting synchronous with magma crystallization and subsequent hydrothermal events ...  1, record 52, English, - pod%2Dlike%20deposit

Record 52,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le gisement fusiforme de Ross-Adams semble s’être formé au cours d’une période de fracturation régionale contemporaine de la cristallisation du magma et d’épisodes hydrothermaux ultérieurs [...]  1, record 52, French, - gisement%20fusiforme

Record 52,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 53,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The in situ breakdown of rocks and minerals by a set of disintegration processes that do not involve any chemical alteration.  6, record 53, English, - mechanical%20weathering

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Weathering is the process by which rocks and their constituent minerals are broken down in situ by mechanical (ice, water, wind) and/or chemical (from the action of percolating ground waters) means. ... Mechanical and chemical weathering are usually inseparable but, under different climatic conditions, one or other may predominate.  7, record 53, English, - mechanical%20weathering

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 2 CONT

... heavy minerals ... are characteristically resistant to mechanical breakdown and chemical dissolution in the surface environment ...  8, record 53, English, - mechanical%20weathering

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Peridotite and eclogite xenoliths, plus minerals derived from their disaggregation are ... observed in kimberlites.  9, record 53, English, - mechanical%20weathering

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The chief mechanisms [of mechanical weathering] are: crystal growth, including gelifraction and salt weathering; hydration shattering; insolation weathering (thermoclastis); and pressure release.  6, record 53, English, - mechanical%20weathering

Record 53,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Processus de modification superficielle de la roche sous l’action physique d’agents atmosphériques.  5, record 53, French, - d%C3%A9sagr%C3%A9gation%20m%C3%A9canique

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La désagrégation mécanique.- Les roches métamorphiques sont soumises comme toutes les autres roches à l’action mécanique des agents naturels, qui les débitent en blocs plus ou moins gros, puis en fragments, et parfois en grains formés d’un ou de plusieurs cristaux.  8, record 53, French, - d%C3%A9sagr%C3%A9gation%20m%C3%A9canique

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La désagrégation mécanique s’exerce par gélivation dans toutes les parties des zones arides [...] où le thermomètre descend nettement au-dessous de 0 °C. Elle y est un facteur essentiel de la fragmentation et donne naissance à des talus d’éboulis.  9, record 53, French, - d%C3%A9sagr%C3%A9gation%20m%C3%A9canique

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 3 CONT

La libération de l’or natif [...] peut se faire par désintégration mécanique sous l’action du gel et du dégel [...]  2, record 53, French, - d%C3%A9sagr%C3%A9gation%20m%C3%A9canique

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 4 CONT

Les kimberlites contiennent [...] des xénolites de péridotite et d’éclogite ainsi que des minéraux résultant de leur désagrégation.  4, record 53, French, - d%C3%A9sagr%C3%A9gation%20m%C3%A9canique

Record 53,  Textual support,  Spanish