TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Also known as purple eye, this disease is caused by a fungus. The spots start yellow with a purplish border, until a spore develops in the centre.  5, record 1, English, - purple%2Dbordered%20leaf%20spot

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Purple-bordered leaf spot is caused by the fungus Phyllosticta minima, which overwinters in leaf litter.  1, record 1, English, - purple%2Dbordered%20leaf%20spot

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cette maladie peut facilement être confondue avec la galle causée par un insecte, la cécidomyie ocelligène, qui attaque les mêmes espèces d’arbre.  1, record 1, French, - tache%20foliaire%20de%20l%26rsquo%3B%C3%A9rable

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

La tache foliaire de l’érable est causée par le champignon Phyllosticta minima.  4, record 1, French, - tache%20foliaire%20de%20l%26rsquo%3B%C3%A9rable

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A fungous disease of potato tubers caused by a pond scum parasite Synchytrium endobioticum and characterized by dark warty spongy excrescences that are yellow or light brown when young and that originate in the eyes of the tuber.  3, record 2, English, - potato%20wart

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] grave affection [de la pomme de terre qui] se caractérise par l’apparition de tumeurs sur les organes souterrains : tubercules, stolons, et parfois sur les organes aériens.  6, record 2, French, - gale%20verruqueuse%20de%20la%20pomme%20de%20terre

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ces tumeurs ont souvent l’apparence de verrues [...] Les tumeurs en bon état sont de couleur claire, mais elles sont rapidement envahies par la pourriture et deviennent brunes.  6, record 2, French, - gale%20verruqueuse%20de%20la%20pomme%20de%20terre

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

La galle verruqueuse de la pomme de terre est causée par le champignon Synchytrium endobioticum.  7, record 2, French, - gale%20verruqueuse%20de%20la%20pomme%20de%20terre

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Bien qu’on retrouve deux graphies pour «gale», c’est celle avec seulement un «l» qui est la plus utilisée.  8, record 2, French, - gale%20verruqueuse%20de%20la%20pomme%20de%20terre

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On beech leaves you will often come across elongate, lemon-shaped structures, which are at first green and later turn yellow or red; there are usually several on one leaf. These are galls whose formation is induced by the female Beech Gall-midge (Mikiola fagi) and each contains a developing larva. The tiny imago flies very early in the spring ....  1, record 3, English, - beech%20gall%2Dmidge

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Family Cecidomyiidae.  2, record 3, English, - beech%20gall%2Dmidge

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Mesurant 3,5 à 4 mm cet insecte est l’un des plus grands membres de la famille [des Cecidomyidae]. Il a de longues antennes. Les imagos se montrent très tôt au printemps et sont fréquents dans les hêtraies, les bois mixtes, surtout en montagne. La femelle pond ses œufs sur les hêtres dont les bourgeons s’ouvrent. Les larves provoquent sur la face supérieure des feuilles la formation de galles très visibles, en forme de gouttes et ayant une extrémité pointue. Elles endommagent surtout les tout jeunes arbres dans les pépinières. Elles passent l’hiver dans les galles tombées sur la litière. En Europe, la répartition de cette espèce correspond à celle du hêtre. Elle a été transportée en Amérique du Nord.  1, record 3, French, - galle%20du%20h%C3%AAtre

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les parties piquées se renflent en forme de galle sous l'influence du coup de tarière qu'elles ont reçues avant même l'éclosion des œufs-ici, c'est la chalcide du blé, «Harmolita tritici».  1, record 4, French, - galle%20caus%C3%A9e%20par%20la%20chalcide%20de%20l%27orge

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Iron gall ink is primarily made from tannin (most often extracted from galls), vitriol (iron sulfate), gum, and water. Because iron gall ink is indelible, it was the ink of choice for documentation from the late Middle Ages to the middle of the twentieth century. ... Good quality iron gall ink was also stable in light. It was very popular with artists as a drawing ink ...  1, record 5, English, - iron%20gall%20ink

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Composition de l'encre ferro-gallique. Les quatre principaux ingrédients qui la composent sont les tannins végétaux extraits de noix de galle et le sulfate de fer pour la formation des composés colorés, la gomme arabique en tant que liant et l'eau en tant que solvant.  1, record 5, French, - encre%20ferro%2Dgallique

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Las tintas ferrogálicas son soluciones acuosas formadas a partir de sales de hierro (Fe) y ácido gálico o tánico (que aportan taninos), formando un complejo orgánico metálico de color oscuro, aglutinado, por lo general, con alguna goma natural. Su utilización data al menos [del] siglo VII, y por tratarse de tintas permanentes y de fácil elaboración, sustituyeron rápidamente a las tintas de carbón y fueron las más utilizadas desde la Edad Media hasta avanzado el siglo XX.  1, record 5, Spanish, - tinta%20ferrog%C3%A1lica

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A fungus of the family Carcinomycetaceae.  3, record 6, English, - collybia%20jelly

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Champignon de la famille des Carcinomycetaceae.  2, record 6, French, - galle%20des%20collybies

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

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Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Pineus similis (Gillette).  1, record 22, English, - ragged%20sprucegall%20adelgid

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Pineus similis (Gillette).  1, record 22, French, - puceron%20%C3%A0%20galle%20allong%C3%A9e%20de%20l%27%C3%A9pinette

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A technique for microchemical analysis that permits the visualization of a three-dimensional chemical image of the solid state using primary ions.  4, record 23, English, - secondary%20ion%20mass%20spectrometry

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ion probe instrumentation requires a primary ion source, primary ion extraction and focusing systems, a sample chamber ... a mass spectrometer for mass-charge separation of the secondary ions, and a ion-detection system.  4, record 23, English, - secondary%20ion%20mass%20spectrometry

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Analyse quantitative de la surface de l’acier par microanalyse ionique [...]. L’utilisation du microanalyseur ionique de Slodzian en tant que technique d’étude des surfaces est liée à la maîtrise des deux phénomènes mis en œuvre, à savoir le phénomène de pulvérisation cathodique qui permet de mettre à nu des plans atomiques de plus en plus profonds et le phénomène d’émission ionique secondaire qui permet d’analyser, à l’aide du spectromètre de masse, les éléments contenus dans la cible.  2, record 23, French, - spectrom%C3%A9trie%20de%20masse%20d%26rsquo%3Bions%20secondaires

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cette technique, initialement introduite par Castaing et Slodzian dès 1962 pour l'analyse de surface en géologie et en métallurgie, a été appliquée à la biologie par Galle à partir de 1970. Le principe de base de la méthode repose sur un principe simple; si une surface est bombardée par un faisceau d’ions primaires énergétiques ces particules vont induire la rupture des liaisons chimiques des molécules présentes dans les couches superficielles de l'échantillon et conduire à la désorption d’atomes ou de petits fragments polyatomiques neutres ou chargés(ions secondaires). Ces ions peuvent alors être accélérés et focalisés par des lentilles électrostatiques pour finalement être analysés et «triés» par un spectromètre de masse. L'ensemble du faisceau secondaire conserve la totalité de l'information topologique initiale et il est possible, en sélectionnant un ion particulier, de reconstituer la distribution spatiale de l'élément considéré.  7, record 23, French, - spectrom%C3%A9trie%20de%20masse%20d%26rsquo%3Bions%20secondaires

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

microanalyse : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l’orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2004).  8, record 23, French, - spectrom%C3%A9trie%20de%20masse%20d%26rsquo%3Bions%20secondaires

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] muy pocas técnicas de caracterización estructural de materiales tienen la capacidad de obtener información relevante con la resolución espacial adecuada. Entre ellas se encuentra la técnica de espectrometría de masas de iones secundarios (en inglés, secondary ion mass spectrometry, SIMS en lo sucesivo). Con esa técnica se puede estudiar la composición química de capas con una resolución en profundidad inferior a un nanómetro […]  1, record 23, Spanish, - espectrometr%C3%ADa%20de%20masas%20de%20iones%20secundarios

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

SIMS: según su sigla en inglés (secondary ion mass spectrometry).  2, record 23, Spanish, - espectrometr%C3%ADa%20de%20masas%20de%20iones%20secundarios

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A plant disease] caused by fungi or bacteria and resulting in crustlike spots on fruit, leaves, or roots.  2, record 24, English, - scab

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Maladie des végétaux due à des bactéries ou à des champignons, provoquant des pustules à la surface des tissus externes de la plante.  2, record 24, French, - gale

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans certains cas, «scab» se rend par «tavelure» (en parlant de poires ou de pommes, par exemple).  3, record 24, French, - gale

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enfermedad que se manifiesta por pústulas escamosas.  2, record 24, Spanish, - sarna

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A disease that is characterized by lesions of brownish corky tissue, is caused by an actinomycete (Streptomyces scabies), and is especially damaging in alkaline soils.  3, record 25, English, - potato%20scab

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Potato scab, an aptly named disease, occurs in most potato production regions of the world and is economically important in many. Infection of the rapidly expanding cells at the apical growing point by S. scabies and other pathogenic species cause these symptoms.  4, record 25, English, - potato%20scab

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Maladie] bactérienne qui affecte les tubercules de pomme de terre.  1, record 25, French, - gale%20commune%20de%20la%20pomme%20de%20terre

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La gale commune est provoquée par des bactéries du genre Streptomyces, principalement Streptomyces scabiei, Streptomyces europaescabiei, Streptomyces stelliscabiei, Streptomyces acidiscabiei, Streptomyces aureofaciens, Streptomyces turgidiscabiei, Streptomyces reticuloscabiei.  1, record 25, French, - gale%20commune%20de%20la%20pomme%20de%20terre

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Bien qu’on retrouve deux graphies pour «gale», c’est celle avec seulement un «l» qui est de loin la plus utilisée.  6, record 25, French, - gale%20commune%20de%20la%20pomme%20de%20terre

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Enfermedad de la papa producida por Streptomyces scabies.  1, record 25, Spanish, - sarna%20de%20la%20papa

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

An insect of the family Cerambycidae.  2, record 26, English, - gallmaking%20maple%20borer

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Insecte de la famille des Cerambycidae.  2, record 26, French, - perceur%20%C3%A0%20galle%20de%20l%27%C3%A9rable

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A white crystalline acid ... that occurs widely in plants both in the free form (as in galls and in tea leaves) and combined in tannins from which it can be obtained by the action of molds or alkali and that is used chiefly in making pyrogallol, dyes, and writing ink and as a photographic developer ...  4, record 27, English, - 3%2C4%2C5%2Dtrihydroxybenzoic%20acid

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Chemical formula: C₇H₆O₅  5, record 27, English, - 3%2C4%2C5%2Dtrihydroxybenzoic%20acid

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Acide qui possède des propriétés antiseptiques, astringentes et hémostatiques, que l'on obtient par hydrolyse des tannins de la noix de galle, et que l'on utilise pour la fabrication du pyrogallol, d’antioxydants, de colorants, d’encres et d’agents de développement photographique.  4, record 27, French, - acide%203%2C4%2C5%2Dtrihydroxybenzo%C3%AFque

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Formule chimique : C₇H₆O₅  4, record 27, French, - acide%203%2C4%2C5%2Dtrihydroxybenzo%C3%AFque

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Se encuentra muy repartido en los vegetales. Cristalino, incoloro, soluble, en alcohol y glicerina. Toxicidad no conocida.  2, record 27, Spanish, - %C3%A1cido%20g%C3%A1lico

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Fórmula química : C₇H₆O₅  3, record 27, Spanish, - %C3%A1cido%20g%C3%A1lico

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An acid which occurs free or combined in galls isolated from the kino of Eucalyptus maculata and Eucalyptus hemipholia and which is used as a hemostatic.  5, record 28, English, - 2%2C3%2C7%2C8%2Dtetrahydroxychromenol%5B5%2C4%2C3%2Dcde%5Dchromene%2D5%2C10%2Ddione

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

2,3,7,8-tetrahydroxychromanol[5,4,3-cde] chromene-5,10-dione: The letters "cde" between brackets must be italicized; form recommended by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry).  1, record 28, English, - 2%2C3%2C7%2C8%2Dtetrahydroxychromenol%5B5%2C4%2C3%2Dcde%5Dchromene%2D5%2C10%2Ddione

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 2 OBS

2,3,7,8-tetrahydroxy[1]benzopyrano-[5,4,3-cde][1] benzopyran-5,10-dione: CAS name; the letters "cde" between the square brackets must be italicized.  1, record 28, English, - 2%2C3%2C7%2C8%2Dtetrahydroxychromenol%5B5%2C4%2C3%2Dcde%5Dchromene%2D5%2C10%2Ddione

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Chemical formula: C₁₄H₆O₈  5, record 28, English, - 2%2C3%2C7%2C8%2Dtetrahydroxychromenol%5B5%2C4%2C3%2Dcde%5Dchromene%2D5%2C10%2Ddione

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] acide [...] constituant de la noix de galle, [...] tétraphénol-dilactone provenant de la soudure de deux molécules d’acide gallique.  4, record 28, French, - 2%2C3%2C7%2C8%2Dt%C3%A9trahydroxychrom%C3%A9no%5B5%2C4%2C3%2Dcde%5Dchrom%C3%A8ne%2D5%2C10%2Ddione

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

2,3,7,8-tétrahydroxychroméno[5,4,3-cde] chromène-5,10-dione : Les lettres «cde» entre crochets s’écrivent en italique; forme recommandée par l’UICPA (Union internationale de chimie pure et appliquée).  1, record 28, French, - 2%2C3%2C7%2C8%2Dt%C3%A9trahydroxychrom%C3%A9no%5B5%2C4%2C3%2Dcde%5Dchrom%C3%A8ne%2D5%2C10%2Ddione

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Formule chimique : C₁₄H₆O₈  5, record 28, French, - 2%2C3%2C7%2C8%2Dt%C3%A9trahydroxychrom%C3%A9no%5B5%2C4%2C3%2Dcde%5Dchrom%C3%A8ne%2D5%2C10%2Ddione

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fórmula química : C₁₄H₆O₈  2, record 28, Spanish, - %C3%A1cido%20el%C3%A1gico

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Biotechnologie au service de l’agriculture.  1, record 29, French, - maladie%20de%20la%20galle%20du%20collet

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A swelling or excrescence of the tissues of a plant that results usually from the attacks of parasites (as fungi, bacteria, insects), that is often distinguished by characteristic shape or color, and that in some instances forms an important source of tannin.  3, record 30, English, - gall

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A great variety of deformations and growths produced by insects and mites as well as fungi has been described. The whole are now included under the term Cecidia; a prefix gives the name of the organism to which the attacks are due, e.g., Phytoptocecidia are the galls formed by Phytoptid mites.  4, record 30, English, - gall

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Plant-feeders which induce in their hosts the malformations termed galls or cecidia.  4, record 30, English, - gall

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Oak-galls are largely used in the manufacture of ink and tannin, as well as in dyeing and in medicine.  4, record 30, English, - gall

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Excroissance produite sur les tiges et les feuilles de certains végétaux par des parasites animaux ou végétaux.  2, record 30, French, - galle

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

noix de galle : excroissance riche en tanin de la galle du chêne, utilisée pour la fabrication de teintures, d’encres.  2, record 30, French, - galle

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Galle du chêne, galle du rosier, galle de la vigne.  3, record 30, French, - galle

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Crecimiento anormal de un tejido vegetal que se produce como respuesta a una invasión de insectos, chinches, orugas u hongos.  1, record 30, Spanish, - agalla

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Las cecidas del roble se denominan agallas.  1, record 30, Spanish, - agalla

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A bacterial disease of many plants induced by agrobacterium tumefaciens and marked by abnormal enlargement of the stem near the root crown.  4, record 31, English, - crown%20gall

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A disease that affects fruit trees.  3, record 31, English, - crown%20gall

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le cancer végétal [...] est causé par la bactérie Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Il est caractérisé par l’apparition, sur une partie quelconque de la plante, d’excroissances souvent volumineuses. Des tumeurs secondaires, ou métastases, se forment parfois à distance du point d’inoculation.  1, record 31, French, - cancer%20v%C3%A9g%C3%A9tal

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Maladie des arbres fruitiers.  2, record 31, French, - cancer%20v%C3%A9g%C3%A9tal

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enfermedad que ataca a nivel del cuello a numerosas plantas cultivadas causando tumores y cuyo agente causal es la bacteria Agrobacterium tumefaciens.  3, record 31, Spanish, - agalla%20del%20cuello

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Prominent scar of colour different from that of the pod itself, except for the mark.  2, record 32, English, - wart

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Term and definition standardized by ISO.  3, record 32, English, - wart

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cicatrice en relief de teinte différente de celle de la gousse elle-même, à l’exception de la marque.  1, record 32, French, - rague

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme et définition concernant la classification qualitative.  1, record 32, French, - rague

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Terme et définition normalisés par ISO.  3, record 32, French, - rague

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Enfermedad producida por el hongo Spongospora subterranea que afecta principalmente los tejidos que, después de lavados, presentan pústulas marrones.  2, record 32, Spanish, - ro%C3%B1a

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

e.g. a gall-inhabiting insect  1, record 33, English, - gall%2Dinhabiting

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Qui vit dans une galle, par exemple un insecte gallicole.  2, record 33, French, - gallicole

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Dícese del] insecto que vive en una agalla producida o no por él mismo.  1, record 33, Spanish, - gal%C3%ADcola

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The mossy rose gall looks like a mossy sphere. The spiny rose gall is round with many pink spines. Insect larvae develop inside the gall. Stem galls can damage plants above the location of the gall, especially if there are many galls on a particular stem.  5, record 34, English, - mossy%20rose%20gall

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Galle sur bourgeon de rosier sauvage due au Cynips.  1, record 34, French, - b%C3%A9d%C3%A9guar

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A plant gall caused by an animal (as an insect, mite, or nematode worm).  2, record 35, English, - zoocecidium

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Usually an insect gall.  3, record 35, English, - zoocecidium

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Galle provoquée chez un végétal par l'action d’un animal invertébré : insecte(entomocécidie), acarien(acarocécidie), nématode(nématocécidie)  2, record 35, French, - zooc%C3%A9cidie

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Agalla originada por un parásito.  1, record 35, Spanish, - zoocecidio

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A tannin occurring especially in extracts from gall and yielding gallic acid on hydrolysis.  5, record 36, English, - gallotannin

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tannin hydrolysable extrait des noix de galles du chêne.  4, record 36, French, - gallotannin

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Tanins proanthocyanidiques issus de noix de galle. Limitent les chutes de matière colorante par polymérisation des polyphénols. Ont un rôle antioxydant et inhibent la laccase provenant de raisins atteints par le Botrytis. Facilitent la clarification et la stabilité des vins. Réduisent les problèmes d’amertume. S’ utilisent en moût lors du cuvage ou plus tard.  5, record 36, French, - gallotannin

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 2 OBS

tanin ou tannin : Substance organique d’origine végétale, précipitant l'albumine de ses solutions et rendant les peaux imputrescibles, que le tan renferme en grande quantité. Les tanins sont des esters galliques du glucose. Tanin d’écorce de chêne, de châtaignier, de saule, de sumac, de rafle de raisin. [...] Le tanin [...] de noix de galle [est utilisé] en pharmacie comme remède hémostatique, astringent et tonique.  6, record 36, French, - gallotannin

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A small, round, nutlike swelling formed on an oak tree by the sting of an insect, and used in the preparation of writing ink.  2, record 37, English, - oak%20wart

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Pour remédier à ce défaut on a inventé l'encre aux sels de fer et à la noix de galle pour écrire sur ces matériaux.  1, record 37, French, - noix%20de%20galle

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Qui vit dans une cécidie.  1, record 39, French, - c%C3%A9cidobiote

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cécidie :Galle des végétaux produite par des parasites animaux ou végétaux.  2, record 39, French, - c%C3%A9cidobiote

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A globular or kidney-shaped gall produced on twigs of species of Juniper ("Cedar") by a rust fungus having an alternate stage on a Rosaceous host.  1, record 40, English, - cedar%2Dapple

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cedar-apple rust, caused by the fungus gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae, is a distinctive disease which is indigenous and widespread throughout the northeast in areas where apples, crabapples, and other related members of the Rose family grow in close proximity to Juniperus species such as eastern red cedars and junipers.  2, record 40, English, - cedar%2Dapple

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Galle sphérique ou réniforme apparaissant sur les rameaux de quelques espèces de genévriers et occasionnée par une rouille ayant un stade alternant sur un hôte des Rosacées.  1, record 40, French, - rouille%20grillag%C3%A9e

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An insect of the genus Cecidomyia or family Cecidomyiidae: gall midge.  1, record 41, English, - cecidomyiid

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Moucheron nuisible aux végétaux, cosmopolite, type de la famille des cécidomycidés.  1, record 41, French, - c%C3%A9cidomyie

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Petite mouche parasite de plusieurs plantes, et formant des galles à la surface des tiges ou des feuilles.  2, record 41, French, - c%C3%A9cidomyie

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Galligène : qui forme ou qui provoque l'apparition d’une galle.(Source : Dictionnaire des termes techniques d’entomologie élémentaire, Séguy, page 148.)  2, record 42, French, - insecte%20gallicole

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A plant gall caused by an insect.  2, record 43, English, - insect%20gall

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Galle causée à un végétal par un insecte.  1, record 43, French, - entomoc%C3%A9die

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Impurities which rise to the top of the pot as the batch is heated and made to boil. It is waste and must be skimmed off.  1, record 44, English, - gall

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Impuretés qui se forment à la surface du pot pendant qu’on chauffe la composition et qu’on la porte à ébullition. C’est un déchet qu’il faut écumer.  1, record 44, French, - galle

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[The plant cells infected by A. tumefaciens, the bacterium that produces crown gall tumours,] manufacture the enzyme opine synthesase, which catalyzes the synthesis by the plant cell of nitrogen-rich compounds called opines. Opines seem to be required by A. tumefaciens as a source of nitrogen.  1, record 45, English, - opine%20syntesase

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Les cellules végétales infectées par A. tumefaciens, la bactérie qui est responsable des tumeurs de la galle du collet, ] fabriquent une enzyme appelée opine-synthétase qui catalyse la synthèse par la plante de constituants riches en azote, appelés opines. Il semble qu'Agrobacterium tumefaciens ait besoin d’opine pour satisfaire ses besoins en azote.  1, record 45, French, - opine%2Dsynth%C3%A9tase

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Transformation requires an efficient vector to bring about integration of foreign DNA into the host genome. A number of possible vehicles for use in plants are under investigation , including the use of the crown gall tumour inducing Ti plasmid from Agrobacterium tumefaciens, the double-stranded DNA caulimoviruses (e.g. cauliflower mosaic virus), the single-stranded gemini viruses (e.g. bean golden mosaic virus), tandemly repeated plant genes such as those for ribosomal RNA, and the transposable element of maize.  1, record 46, English, - single%2Dstranded%20gemini%20virus

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La transformation requiert un vecteur efficace qui permette l'intégration d’ADN étranger dans le génome de l'hôte. Un certain nombre de vecteurs qui pourraient être utilisés dans les végétaux sont à l'étude, et notamment le plasmide Ti d’Agrobaterium tumefaciens, qui induit la tumeur de la galle du collet, les caulimovirus à ADN à double brin(par exemple le virus de la mosaïque du chou-fleur), les virus jumeaux à simple brin(par exemple le virus de la mosaïque jaune du haricot), les gènes végétaux répétés en tandem comme ceux de l'ARN ribosomique et les éléments transposables du maïs.  1, record 46, French, - virus%20jumeau%20%C3%A0%20simple%20brin

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A number of possible vehicles for use in plants are under investigation, including the use of the crown gall tumour inducing Ti plasmid from Agrobacterium tumefaciens, the double-stranded DNA caulimoviruses (e.g. cauliflower mosaic virus) ...  1, record 47, English, - crown%20gall%20tumour

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un certain nombre de vecteurs qui pourraient être utilisés dans les végétaux sont à l'étude, et notamment le plasmide Ti d’Agrobacterium tumefaciens, qui induit la tumeur de la galle du collet,(par exemple le virus de la mosaïque du chou-fleur) [...]  1, record 47, French, - tumeur%20de%20la%20galle%20du%20collet

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Santé décembre 1966 Larousse  1, record 49, French, - teinture%20de%20noix%20de%20galle

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  English

Record 52,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 OBS

E.U. 1  1, record 52, French, - extrait%20de%20noix%20de%20galle

Record 52,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 53,  Textual support,  French

Record 53,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 54,  Textual support,  English

Record 54,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 OBS

métaux.  1, record 54, French, - pignon%20de%20Galle

Record 54,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 55,  Textual support,  French

Record 55,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 56,  Textual support,  French

Record 56,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 57,  Textual support,  French

Record 57,  Textual support,  Spanish