TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimate that 19.7 percent of 2- to 19-year-old American children are obese, as measured by their body mass index (BMI) percentile. This means that childhood obesity affects about 14.7 million children and adolescents.  2, record 1, English, - childhood%20obesity

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La nécessité d’améliorer l'offre [de service municipale à des lieux et installations sportives] est d’autant plus capitale que les adolescents doivent s’adonner à davantage d’activité physique que la population adulte pour en retirer des bénéfices sur le plan de la santé(60 minutes par jour comparativement à 30 minutes chez les adultes). C'est de plus dans cette tranche d’âge que l'obésité juvénile a connu la hausse la plus spectaculaire chez les jeunes [...]  3, record 1, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20juv%C3%A9nile

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cardiometabolic risk factors such as abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia have been observed in children and adolescents and are considered predictors of future health problems.  2, record 2, English, - cardiometabolic%20risk%20factor

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans [un article] de la revue scientifique internationale «Nature», [deux docteurs] du Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Laval [...] résument l'état des connaissances sur l'obésité abdominale en tant que facteur de risque cardiométabolique.  2, record 2, French, - facteur%20de%20risque%20cardiom%C3%A9tabolique

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Obesity has its onset very early in life; therefore, children constitute a major group of this disease. It is thus imperative to lay utmost importance on the prevention of obesity in children and herald its progress ...  2, record 3, English, - obesity%20prevention

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un enfant ou un adolescent obèse risque davantage de le rester une fois arrivé à l'âge adulte et de développer des maladies telles que le diabète de type 2 à un âge plus précoce. La prévention de l'obésité chez l'enfant et l'adolescent doit donc intervenir le plus tôt possible, dès qu'il est en surpoids.  2, record 3, French, - pr%C3%A9vention%20de%20l%27ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Obesity management involves a multidisciplinary approach that includes lifestyle modifications (such as adopting a healthy diet and increasing physical activity), behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy, and, in severe cases, bariatric surgery. Successful management of obesity aims to improve overall health, reduce the risk of obesity-related complications, and enhance the quality of life for individuals affected by this condition.  2, record 4, English, - obesity%20management

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La gestion de l'obésité va plus loin que l'alimentation et l'exercice. Une gestion du comportement est, en effet, nécessaire. Il faut tenir compte de facteurs psychologiques et sociaux et prêter attention à la consommation de nourriture sous l'effet d’émotions, aux mauvais traitements, au stress qui empêche de changer et aux problèmes psychiatriques.  1, record 4, French, - gestion%20de%20l%27ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The term "obesogenic environment" refers to "an environment that promotes gaining weight and one that is not conducive to weight loss" ... In other words, the obesogenic environment refers to an environment that helps, or contributes to, obesity.  2, record 5, English, - obesogenic%20environment

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A leading ... frame rests on descriptions of America's "obesogenic environment." A great tide of high-fat, low-nutrition, processed foods engulf consumers from an early age. Such food is available everywhere, including schools and other places where children congregate—and is reinforced by incessant advertising.  3, record 5, English, - obesogenic%20environment

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un facteur majeur du développement de l'obésité est ce que les experts appellent un environnement «obésogène», propice à la prise de poids, qui favorise, par exemple, les aliments riches en calories et pauvres en nutriments.  2, record 5, French, - environnement%20ob%C3%A9sog%C3%A8ne

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Causing, or increasing the likelihood of, obesity in a person or animal ...  2, record 6, English, - obesogenic

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The term "obesogenic" has been used to describe modern environments which encourage and promote high energy intake and inactivity.  3, record 6, English, - obesogenic

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Qui favorise l'obésité.  2, record 6, French, - ob%C3%A9sig%C3%A8ne

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

obésigène; obésogène : désignations et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 16 mai 2019.  4, record 6, French, - ob%C3%A9sig%C3%A8ne

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

MOMO syndrome was named for the features associated with the syndrome including macrosomia (being larger than expected from birth), obesity, macrocephaly (having a large head size) and ocular (eye) abnormalities. It has also been proposed that mental (intellectual) disability may be used as an identifying feature of the syndrome instead of macrosomia, as macrosomia has not been reported in all affected individuals.  1, record 7, English, - MOMO%20syndrome

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

MOMO syndrome is caused by genetic mutations ...  1, record 7, English, - MOMO%20syndrome

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le syndrome MOMO [...] correspond à un acronyme qui reprend les caractéristiques suivantes : macrocéphalie, obésité sévère, macrosomie, anomalies ophtalmologiques(colobome rétinien et nystagmus). Le phénotype associe parfois une incurvation des fémurs en lame de sabre. Le gène et sa localisation chromosomique sont inconnus.  1, record 7, French, - syndrome%20MOMO

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

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... when lipids are ectopically accumulated in nonadipose tissue such as islets, muscle, and liver, the resulting cytotoxic effects are termed "lipotoxicity."  2, record 8, English, - lipotoxicity

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'obésité est associée à un stade de «saturation» du tissu adipeux. Les lipides ne pouvant plus être stockés dans ce dernier, ils se déposent de manière ectopique dans d’autres organes et ils en pertubent le fonctionnement. Ce phénomène est appelé la lipotoxicité.  2, record 8, French, - lipotoxicit%C3%A9

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Portion control refers to the practice of managing the amount of food consumed during a meal or snack ...  2, record 9, English, - portion%20control

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le contrôle des portions est une stratégie clé pour prévenir et gérer l'obésité. Il s’agit d’ajuster la taille des portions consommées pour éviter de trop manger et de consommer des calories en excès [...]  2, record 9, French, - contr%C3%B4le%20des%20portions

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Obesity can be classified by the part or parts of the anatomy which it affects. Generalized or diffuse obesity involves all parts of the body, while localized obesity affects only certain areas.  2, record 10, English, - localized%20obesity

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Sarcopenic obesity is defined as a functional and clinical condition characterized by the coexistence of loss of skeletal muscle mass and function and an excess of adipose tissue. ... Sarcopenic obesity is associated with several clinical complications such as frailty, fractures, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and an increased risk of hospitalization and mortality.  3, record 11, English, - sarcopenic%20obesity

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'obésité sarcopénique(OS) se caractérise «strico sensu» par une élévation de la masse grasse combinée à une réduction de la masse et de la fonction musculaires. Il s’agit d’un syndrome généralement appliqué aux patients âgés du fait des changements corporels connus dans la population gériatrique(réduction de la masse musculaire et accroissement du tissu adipeux viscéral) mais sa définition actuelle s’étend désormais aux pathologies chroniques de l'adulte.  2, record 11, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20sarcop%C3%A9nique

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The most common monogenic cause of early-onset obesity is a heterozygous mutation in the gene encoding for the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), a critical regulator of appetite and energy metabolism ...  2, record 12, English, - early%2Donset%20obesity

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les sujets porteurs de mutations de MC4R [récepteur aux mélanocortine de type 4] ont souvent une obésité à début précoce.  1, record 12, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20d%C3%A9but%20pr%C3%A9coce

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'obésité acquise se manifeste progressivement. Elle est consécutive à une prise de poids causée par une mauvaise hygiène alimentaire et une sédentarité importante. Cette obésité s’acquiert généralement à la période pré-adolescente ou dans des moments de vie précis chez l'adulte.  2, record 13, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20acquise

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... rare forms of monogenic obesity distinguish themselves from polygenic obesity, which is the most common clinical situation ... In polygenic obesity, each susceptibility gene, taken individually, would only have a slight effect on weight. Furthermore, the cumulative contribution of these genes would become significant only in an obesogenic environment (such as overfeeding, sedentary living, stress, etc.).  2, record 14, English, - polygenic%20obesity

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Comme pour toutes les maladies multifactorielles, la contribution de l'hérédité à l'obésité peut être schématisée :-par mutations rares des gènes à fort impact sur l'obésité [...]-soit par l'interaction de plusieurs variants géniques avec un environnement permissif(obésité polygénique). Chaque gène de susceptibilité pris individuellement a de faibles effets sur le poids, et la contribution cumulative de ces gènes ne devient significative qu'en interaction avec des facteurs environnementaux prédisposant à leur expression phénotypique.  2, record 14, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20polyg%C3%A9nique

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Constitutional obesity. Obesity is seen in certain families very often. Though genetic factors are responsible, social, economic status and family customs may also influence. The overweight appears to start from early childhood, where there is an increased number and size of fat cells.  2, record 15, English, - constitutional%20obesity

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Surcharge pondérale présente depuis la petite enfance, souvent liée à une prédisposition familiale.  2, record 15, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20constitutionnelle

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'obésité constitutionnelle. [...] Cette forme d’obésité apparaît dans l'enfance lors des premières relations de nourrissage et persiste à l'âge adulte.  3, record 15, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20constitutionnelle

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Endocrine obesity may be defined as obesity associated with some pathology of one or more of the endocrine glands and characterized by obesity of rapid onset, characteristic fat distribution, resistance to treatment, and associated with other symptoms and signs of the various endocrine complexes.  2, record 16, English, - endocrine%20obesity

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Body weight also provides a rough estimate of whether a patient's obesity is characterized by an increase in fat cell size (hypertrophic obesity), by an increase in fat cell number (hyperplastic obesity), or by both.  2, record 17, English, - hyperplastic%20obesity

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Différents types d’obésité. L'expansion du tissu adipeux peut être liée à une augmentation des cellules adipeuses soit en taille(obésité hypertrophique), soit en nombre(obésité hyperplasique) [...]  2, record 17, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20hyperplasique

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A simple way of classifying obesity would be to separate it into categories: early- and late-onset obesity. Early-onset obesity, predominantly inherited, gives a large body size with a moderate increase to cardiovascular health risks; late-onset obesity, however, is predominantly lifestyle dependent, giving visceral adiposity with a greater increase in cardiovascular health risks.  2, record 18, English, - late%2Donset%20obesity

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Monogenic non-syndromic obesity is described as rare and severe early onset obesity associated with endocrine disorders. It is mainly due to mutations in genes of the leptin/melanocortin pathway ...  1, record 19, English, - monogenic%20non%2Dsyndromic%20obesity

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Obésités monogéniques non syndromiques. L’impact de la génétique est ici majeur et très peu dépendant des facteurs environnementaux. Ces obésités sont principalement causées par des mutations dans les gènes de la voie leptine-mélanocortines qui joue un rôle clé dans le contrôle de la prise alimentaire [...]  1, record 19, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20monog%C3%A9nique%20non%20syndromique

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Body weight also provides a rough estimate of whether a patient's obesity is characterized by an increase in fat cell size (hypertrophic obesity), by an increase in fat cell number (hyperplastic obesity), or by both.  2, record 20, English, - hypertrophic%20obesity

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'expansion du tissu adipeux peut être liée à une augmentation des cellules adipeuses soit en taille(obésité hypertrophique), soit en nombre(obésité hyperplasique) [...]  2, record 20, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20hypertrophique

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"Hypothalamic obesity" refers to excess weight gain that may follow from an injury to the hypothalamus, a brain region with many important functions. The hypothalamus affects energy intake, by regulating how much we eat, and energy expenditure, by regulating how much energy our bodies use. Damage to the hypothalamus disrupts the carefully coordinated balance between energy intake and expenditure, often leading to increased calorie intake and/or decreased calorie burning, and thereby to rapid weight gain.  1, record 21, English, - hypothalamic%20obesity

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Surcharge pondérale secondaire à une atteinte lésionnelle de l’hypothalamus.  1, record 21, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20hypothalamique

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... "syndromic" obesity, in which obesity occurs as one manifestation of a broader syndrome (including monogenic syndromes; hypothyroidism, Cushing's disease, or other endocrinopathies; and such rare causes of obesity as hypothalamic injury).  1, record 22, English, - syndromic%20obesity

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le terme d’obésité syndromique est appliqué aux syndromes dont l'obésité est l'une des constellations de nombreux symptômes, d’ordre endocrinien, neurosensoriel, comportemental et de développement.  1, record 22, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20syndromique

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The "obesity paradox" relates to counter-intuitive findings suggesting that, although people are at greater risk of developing heart problems if they are overweight or obese, once a person has developed a heart condition, those with higher BMIs [body mass indexes] appeared to do better and were less likely to die than those of normal weight.  2, record 23, English, - obesity%20paradox

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'obésité constitue un facteur de risque établi de mortalité cardio-vasculaire(CV) dans les études d’observation sur une population générale. Toutefois, dans des études de cohorte de patients de plus de 65 ans, on constate de façon inattendue une diminution de la mortalité des patients obèses par rapport aux patients de poids normal. Ce «paradoxe de l'obésité» s’observe en particulier dans les études de patients âgés présentant une insuffisance cardiaque, une coronaropathie ou une maladie chronique.  1, record 23, French, - paradoxe%20de%20l%27ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Monogenic obesity is defined as obesity resulting from a mutation or deficiency of a single gene.  2, record 24, English, - monogenic%20obesity

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'obésité monogénique, une forme rare d’obésité qui affecte un seul gène. Plusieurs formes rares d’obésité [...] résultent de mutations sur des gènes uniques, ou mutations monogéniques, notamment sur ceux qui jouent un rôle dans le contrôle de l'appétit. La sensation de faim est donc très importante, voire irrépressible, entrainant de facto une prise de poids qui mène à l'obésité.  2, record 24, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20monog%C3%A9nique

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A physical activity program consisting of both aerobic and resistance training during pregnancy can help to avoid excessive weight gain during pregnancy (also known as gestational obesity).  2, record 25, English, - gestational%20obesity

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Excès de gain pondéral pendant la grossesse [...]  2, record 25, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20gestationnelle

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Obesity that is resistant to treatment.  1, record 26, English, - refractory%20obesity

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

réfractaire : Qui résiste au traitement.  2, record 26, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20r%C3%A9fractaire

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Genetic obesity is categorized into several types based on the way genes are involved ... Monogenic obesity: Excessive weight caused by a mutation in a single gene. ... Polygenic obesity: Variations in multiple genes contribute to the susceptibility to obesity in small ways. ... Syndromic obesity: Genetic changes in specific diseases, like Prader-Willi syndrome, can directly lead to obesity.  2, record 27, English, - genetic%20obesity

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In generalized or diffuse obesity, the excess fat is widely distributed.  2, record 28, English, - generalized%20obesity

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

It is important for clinicians to recognize that many commonly used drugs may lead to weight gain ... The possibility of iatrogenic obesity must always be considered when assessing an obese patient. ... The main classes of drugs associated with weight gain include corticosteroids, depot progesterone contraceptives, anticonvulsants and antipsychotic drugs.  2, record 29, English, - iatrogenic%20obesity

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Obésités iatrogènes. Une [...] classe [d’obésité] correspond aux obésités iatrogènes qui peuvent apparaître sous certains traitements antiépileptiques, certains antipsychotiques, des traitements par corticoïde au long cours.  1, record 29, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20iatrog%C3%A8ne

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Doctors use neck circumference and other indicators to evaluate your overall risk of OSA [obstructive sleep apnea].  2, record 30, English, - neck%20circumference

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'obésité est le facteur de risque le plus important pour le ronflement et l'apnée du sommeil et la majorité des patients atteints de SAOS [syndrome d’apnée obstructive du sommeil] sont en surpoids. [...] La répartition de la graisse, en particulier les dépôts autour du tronc et du cou, prédispose à l'obstruction des voies respiratoires supérieures et au SAOS. Les circonférences du cou ou de la taille sont de meilleurs prédicteurs que l'IMC_{de masse corporelle} seul.  3, record 30, French, - circonf%C3%A9rence%20du%20cou

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Restrictive gastric operations, such as vertical banded gastroplasty (VGB), serve only to restrict and decrease food intake and do not interfere with the normal digestive process. In this procedure the upper stomach near the esophagus is stapled vertically to create a small pouch along the inner curve of the stomach. The outlet from the pouch to the rest of the stomach is restricted by a band made of special material. The band delays the emptying of food from the pouch, causing a feeling of fullness.  3, record 31, English, - vertical%20banded%20gastroplasty

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La gastroplastie verticale calibrée est une intervention chirurgicale restrictive de l'obésité qui permet de réduire la quantité d’aliments ingérée par le patient sans modifier le processus de digestion. Cette intervention consiste à pratiquer une petite incision circulaire sur la paroi de l'estomac, à quelques centimètres sous l'œsophage. L'estomac est ensuite agrafé de façon à délimiter une petite poche verticale entre l'orifice pratiqué et l'œsophage. [...] Un anneau est ensuite passé entre l'orifice pratiqué et la sortie de la poche. Cet anneau va empêcher que l'orifice pratiqué ne se relâche. Il va également contrôler le diamètre de l'orifice d’entrée vers l'estomac. Les aliments vont donc mettre plus de temps à passer dans l'estomac et donner au patient une sensation de satiété.  3, record 31, French, - gastroplastie%20verticale%20calibr%C3%A9e

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Bariatric surgery, which is also known as weight-loss surgery, aids weight loss and reduces the risks of obesity-related diseases. The surgery falls into two categories: Malabsorptive weight-loss surgery, and restrictive weight-loss surgery. Malabsorptive weight-loss surgery limits the amount of nutrients your body absorbs, while restrictive weight-loss surgery restricts the amount of food you can consume.  5, record 32, English, - bariatric%20surgery

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chirurgie visant une réduction de poids - par le biais de deux mécanismes - soit en diminuant le réservoir gastrique [...], soit en agissant sur l’absorption des aliments par le tube digestif [...].  4, record 32, French, - chirurgie%20bariatrique

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La chirurgie bariatrique est une intervention chirurgicale visant à aider les personnes souffrant d’obésité sévère à perdre du poids de manière significative et durable.  5, record 32, French, - chirurgie%20bariatrique

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Gastric sleeve surgery is a type of weight-loss surgery. ...This surgery is also known as sleeve gastrectomy or vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG). Gastric sleeve surgery restricts your food intake, which leads to weight loss. ... Most of the left part of the stomach is removed. The remaining stomach is then a narrow tube called a sleeve. Food empties out of the bottom of the stomach into the small intestine the same way that it did before surgery.  1, record 33, English, - gastric%20sleeve%20surgery

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Résection verticale de la grande courbure de l’estomac, permettant de réduire la capacité gastrique.  3, record 33, French, - gastrectomie%20longitudinale

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La gastrectomie longitudinale est pratiquée en chirurgie digestive de l'obésité.  3, record 33, French, - gastrectomie%20longitudinale

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 2 OBS

gastrectomie longitudinale : désignation et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 24 octobre 2012.  4, record 33, French, - gastrectomie%20longitudinale

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A lipase inhibitor that aids weight loss by reversibly binding to the active center of the enzyme lipase, preventing the digestion and absorption of some dietary fats.  3, record 34, English, - %5B%282S%29%2D1%2D%5B%282S%2C3S%29%2D3%2Dhexyl%2D4%2Doxo%2Doxetan%2D2%2Dyl%5Dtridecan%2D2%2Dyl%5D%20N%2Dformyl%2DL%2Dleucinate

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Orlistat, when used in conjunction with a mildly hypocaloric diet, is indicated for obesity management including weight loss and weight maintenance. ... Orlistat is indicated for obese patients with a BMI [body mass index] [greater than or equal to] 30 kg/m² or a BMI [greater than or equal to]27 kg/m² in the presence of other risk factors (e.g. hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, excess visceral fat).  4, record 34, English, - %5B%282S%29%2D1%2D%5B%282S%2C3S%29%2D3%2Dhexyl%2D4%2Doxo%2Doxetan%2D2%2Dyl%5Dtridecan%2D2%2Dyl%5D%20N%2Dformyl%2DL%2Dleucinate

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[(2S)-1-[(2S,3S)-3-hexyl-4-oxo-oxetan-2-yl]tridecan-2-yl] N-formyl-L-leucinate: The capital letter "N-" must be italicized; The letter "L-" is a small capital; form recommended by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) for the systematic name corresponding to the CAS number indicated on the present record.  1, record 34, English, - %5B%282S%29%2D1%2D%5B%282S%2C3S%29%2D3%2Dhexyl%2D4%2Doxo%2Doxetan%2D2%2Dyl%5Dtridecan%2D2%2Dyl%5D%20N%2Dformyl%2DL%2Dleucinate

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 2 OBS

orlistat: international nonproprietary name (INN).  1, record 34, English, - %5B%282S%29%2D1%2D%5B%282S%2C3S%29%2D3%2Dhexyl%2D4%2Doxo%2Doxetan%2D2%2Dyl%5Dtridecan%2D2%2Dyl%5D%20N%2Dformyl%2DL%2Dleucinate

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Xenical (Roche): Name under which the active ingredient is sold.  5, record 34, English, - %5B%282S%29%2D1%2D%5B%282S%2C3S%29%2D3%2Dhexyl%2D4%2Doxo%2Doxetan%2D2%2Dyl%5Dtridecan%2D2%2Dyl%5D%20N%2Dformyl%2DL%2Dleucinate

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 4 OBS

Chemical formula: C₂₉H₅₃NO₅  5, record 34, English, - %5B%282S%29%2D1%2D%5B%282S%2C3S%29%2D3%2Dhexyl%2D4%2Doxo%2Doxetan%2D2%2Dyl%5Dtridecan%2D2%2Dyl%5D%20N%2Dformyl%2DL%2Dleucinate

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Médicament qui agit contre l'obésité en inhibant, dans la lumière du tube digestif, l'activité de la lipase pancréatique, diminuant ainsi l'absorption des graisses.  3, record 34, French, - N%2Dformyl%2DL%2Dleucinate%20de%20%282S%29%2D1%2D%5B%282S%2C3S%29%2D3%2Dhexyl%2D4%2Doxo%2Dox%C3%A9tan%2D2%2Dyl%5Dtrid%C3%A9can%2D2%2Dyle

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L’orlistat (Xenical). Ce médicament a pour effet d’entraver l’enzyme responsable de l’absorption des graisses dans le tube digestif. Il empêche ainsi l’absorption d’environ 30 % des graisses alimentaires (triglycérides), ce qui équivaut à une réduction calorique de 150 à 200 calories/jour pour un apport journalier de 1800 calories. Les graisses non absorbées sont éliminées dans les selles.  4, record 34, French, - N%2Dformyl%2DL%2Dleucinate%20de%20%282S%29%2D1%2D%5B%282S%2C3S%29%2D3%2Dhexyl%2D4%2Doxo%2Dox%C3%A9tan%2D2%2Dyl%5Dtrid%C3%A9can%2D2%2Dyle

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

N-formyl-L-leucinate de (2S)-1-[(2S,3S)-3-hexyl-4-oxo-oxétan-2-yl]tridécan-2-yle : La lettre majuscule «N-» s’écrit en italique; la lettre «L-» est une petite majuscule; forme recommandée par l’UICPA (Union internationale de chimie pure et appliquée) pour le nom systématique correspondant au numéro CAS indiqué sur la présente fiche.  1, record 34, French, - N%2Dformyl%2DL%2Dleucinate%20de%20%282S%29%2D1%2D%5B%282S%2C3S%29%2D3%2Dhexyl%2D4%2Doxo%2Dox%C3%A9tan%2D2%2Dyl%5Dtrid%C3%A9can%2D2%2Dyle

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 2 OBS

orlistat: dénomination commune internationale (DCI).  1, record 34, French, - N%2Dformyl%2DL%2Dleucinate%20de%20%282S%29%2D1%2D%5B%282S%2C3S%29%2D3%2Dhexyl%2D4%2Doxo%2Dox%C3%A9tan%2D2%2Dyl%5Dtrid%C3%A9can%2D2%2Dyle

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Xenical (Roche) : Nom sous lequel le principe actif est commercialisé.  5, record 34, French, - N%2Dformyl%2DL%2Dleucinate%20de%20%282S%29%2D1%2D%5B%282S%2C3S%29%2D3%2Dhexyl%2D4%2Doxo%2Dox%C3%A9tan%2D2%2Dyl%5Dtrid%C3%A9can%2D2%2Dyle

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 4 OBS

Formule chimique : C₂₉H₅₃NO₅  5, record 34, French, - N%2Dformyl%2DL%2Dleucinate%20de%20%282S%29%2D1%2D%5B%282S%2C3S%29%2D3%2Dhexyl%2D4%2Doxo%2Dox%C3%A9tan%2D2%2Dyl%5Dtrid%C3%A9can%2D2%2Dyle

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Refers to a person whose body mass index is between 30.0 and 34.9 kg/m² (class I or moderate obesity).  6, record 35, English, - moderately%20obese

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Of the patients, 15 were morbidly obese (BMI > 40), 19 were severely obese (BMI 35-39.9), 35 moderately obese (BMI 30-34.9), and 31 had pre-obesity excess weight (BMI 25-29.9).  7, record 35, English, - moderately%20obese

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

moderately obese: term also sometimes used in general contexts to qualify any person with a mild obesity.  6, record 35, English, - moderately%20obese

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Qui présente un indice de masse corporelle de 30, 0 à 34, 9 kg/m²(obésité modérée ou de classe I).  3, record 35, French, - ob%C3%A8se%20classe%20I

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La catégorie obèse sera elle-même subdivisée en trois classes : -- obèse de classe I : IMC_{de masse corporelle} 30-34,9; -- obèse de classe II : IMC 35-39,9; -- obèse de classe III : IMC [supérieur ou égale à] 40.  4, record 35, French, - ob%C3%A8se%20classe%20I

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Chez les femmes, on a constaté une modeste corrélation positive entre [l’indice de masse corporelle] et n’importe quel type de tumeurs. [...] Le risque d’un lymphome non hodgkinien est élevé pour les femmes obèses de classe I.  5, record 35, French, - ob%C3%A8se%20classe%20I

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The minimum [...] circumference [measured] between the xiphoid process and the umbilicus.  5, record 36, English, - waist%20circumference

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Waist circumference is a practical tool for evaluating abdominal fat before and during weight loss treatment. By measuring waist circumference, physicians can assess their patient's risk for diseases associated with excess abdominal fat, such as type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension and CVD [cardiovascular disease].  6, record 36, English, - waist%20circumference

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Some authors prefer to use the term "waist circumference" instead of "abdominal circumference" or "abdomen circumference" because it more accurately indicates the anatomical site of the measurement.  7, record 36, English, - waist%20circumference

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Périmètre mesuré à mi-chemin entre la limite inférieure de la cage thoracique et la crête de l’os iliaque et utilisé comme indicateur de la masse grasse abdominale.  4, record 36, French, - tour%20de%20taille

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La mesure du tour de taille permet d’identifier un excès de graisse au niveau du ventre. Lorsque le tour de taille est supérieur à 90 cm chez la femme(en dehors de la grossesse) ou 100 cm chez l'homme, on considère qu'il y [a] obésité abdominale.  5, record 36, French, - tour%20de%20taille

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A category of obesity defined for adults as a body mass index between 30.0 and 34.9 kg/m².  6, record 37, English, - moderate%20obesity

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The prevalence of cardiovascular disease is significantly elevated for obesity class 1 in males and for all three obesity classes in females. ... BMI [body mass index] ... Obesity class 1 -- 30-34.9 [kg/m²] ...  7, record 37, English, - moderate%20obesity

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Catégorie d’obésité définie chez l'adulte par un indice de masse corporelle de 30, 0 à 34, 9 kg/m².  6, record 37, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20mod%C3%A9r%C3%A9e

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Grâce à [la] mesure [de l'indice de masse corporelle], le pédiatre ou le médecin peut déterminer si sa jeune patiente ou son jeune patient, selon son âge, se situe dans une zone de poids santé ou s’il présente un excès de poids et à quel degré : un simple surplus de poids, une obésité modérée, une obésité sévère ou une obésité massive.  7, record 37, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20mod%C3%A9r%C3%A9e

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Refers to a person whose body mass index is between 35.0 and 39.9 kg m² (class II or severe obesity).  6, record 38, English, - severely%20obese

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Of the patents, 15 were morbidly obese (BMI [body mass index] >40), 19 were severely obese (BMI 35-39.9), 35 moderately obese (BMI 30-34.9), and 31 had pre-obesity excess weight (BMI 25-29.9).  7, record 38, English, - severely%20obese

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

severely obese: term also often used in general contexts to qualify any person with a significant obesity.  6, record 38, English, - severely%20obese

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Qui présente un indice de masse corporelle de 35, 0 à 39, 9 kg/m²(obésité de classe II ou sévère).  3, record 38, French, - ob%C3%A8se%20classe%20II

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La catégorie obèse sera elle-même subdivisée en trois classes : -- obèse de classe I : IMC_{de masse corporelle} 30-34,9; -- obèse de classe II : IMC 35-39,9; -- obèse de classe III : IMC [supérieur ou égale à] 40.  4, record 38, French, - ob%C3%A8se%20classe%20II

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Statut pondéral des enquêtés [...] 60,9 % [des personnes] de l’échantillon ont un poids normal; 3,2 % ont un poids insuffisant; 19,1 % ont un surpoids; 11,4 % sont obèses de classe I; 4,5 % sont obèses de classe II et 0,9 % sont obèses de classe III.  5, record 38, French, - ob%C3%A8se%20classe%20II

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Refers to a person whose body mass index is between 25 and 30 kg/m².  3, record 39, English, - overweight

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

An adult who has a BMI [body mass index] between 25 and 29.9 is considered overweight. ... Height ... 5' 9" ... Weight range ... 169 lbs to 202 lbs ... BMI ... 25.0 to 29.9 ... Considered ... Overweight ... some people, such as athletes, may have a BMI that identifies them as overweight even though they do not have excess body fat. ... BMI is just one indicator of potential health risks associated with being overweight or obese.  4, record 39, English, - overweight

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Being overweight or obese increases the risk of many diseases and health conditions, including the following: hypertension; dyslipidemia (for example, high total cholesterol or high levels of triglycerides); type 2 diabetes; coronary heart disease; stroke; gallbladder disease; osteoarthritis; sleep apnea and respiratory problems; some cancers (endometrial, breast, and colon).  5, record 39, English, - overweight

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

overweight: term also sometimes used to qualify any person whose weight exceeds what is considered normal (i.e. body mass index greater than 25 kg/m²), including an obese person.  3, record 39, English, - overweight

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Se dit d’une personne dont l’indice de masse corporelle se situe entre 25 et 30 kg/m².  3, record 39, French, - en%20surpoids

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L’Organisation mondiale de la santé a adopté la classification suivante : [...] IMC_{de masse corporelle} 25-29,9 [kg/m²] : préobèse (ou en surpoids) [...] La notion d’IMC ne permet toutefois pas de faire la différence entre masse grasse et masse maigre. Elle ne vaut que pour des personnes musclées sans excès, au squelette moyen. Les individus fortement charpentés, ou très musclés, peuvent avoir un IMC élevé sans être gras pour autant.  4, record 39, French, - en%20surpoids

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La glycémie à jeun et le bilan lipidique sont des éléments importants de l'évaluation d’une personne préobèse ou obèse et il s’agit d’une recommandation de catégorie A [...] parce que les patients obèses(en particulier ceux qui ont une obésité tronculaire) présentent un risque de prédiabète [...], de diabète de type 2 et de dyslipidémie.  5, record 39, French, - en%20surpoids

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

en surpoids : Ce terme est aussi parfois utilisé pour qualifier toute personne dont le poids est supérieur à un poids dit normal (c.-à-d. un indice de masse corporelle supérieur à 25 kg/m²), y compris une personne obèse.  3, record 39, French, - en%20surpoids

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic [having] actions and uses similar to those of dextroamphetamine [that] has been used most frequently in the treatment of obesity.  10, record 40, English, - 2%2Dmethyl%2D1%2Dphenylpropan%2D2%2Damine

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Indications: As a short-term (i.e., a few weeks) adjunct to continued dietary treatment in the medical management of obesity in patients who have not responded to an appropriate weight reducing diet alone. Phentermine is recommended only for obese patients ... in the presence of other risk factors (e.g., hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia).  11, record 40, English, - 2%2Dmethyl%2D1%2Dphenylpropan%2D2%2Damine

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-2-amine: form recommended by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) for the systematic name corresponding to the CAS number indicated on the present record.  4, record 40, English, - 2%2Dmethyl%2D1%2Dphenylpropan%2D2%2Damine

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 OBS

phentermine: United States adopted name (USAN); British approved name (BAN); international nonproprietary name (INN).  12, record 40, English, - 2%2Dmethyl%2D1%2Dphenylpropan%2D2%2Damine

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 3 OBS

alpha: This word must be replaced by the corresponding Greek letter or italicized.  4, record 40, English, - 2%2Dmethyl%2D1%2Dphenylpropan%2D2%2Damine

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 4 OBS

tert: This abbreviation of "tertiary" must be italicized.  4, record 40, English, - 2%2Dmethyl%2D1%2Dphenylpropan%2D2%2Damine

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 5 OBS

Commercial trade names: Adipex P (Immediate release); Anoxine-AM; Fastin (discontinued); Ionamin (Slow Release Resin, Australia, discontinued in the US); Duromine (Slow Release Resin, New Zealand & Australia); Obephen; Obermine; Obestin-30; Phentrol; Phenterex; Phentromin; Pro-Fast SA; Redusa; Panbesy; Phentermine Trenker; Obenix; Oby-Trim.  13, record 40, English, - 2%2Dmethyl%2D1%2Dphenylpropan%2D2%2Damine

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 6 OBS

Chemical formula: C₁₀H₁₅N  14, record 40, English, - 2%2Dmethyl%2D1%2Dphenylpropan%2D2%2Damine

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Substance médicamenteuse sympathomimétique utilisée comme anorexigène dans le traitement de l'obésité qui stimule le système nerveux central à la manière des amphétamines.  4, record 40, French, - 2%2Dm%C3%A9thyl%2D1%2Dph%C3%A9nylpropan%2D2%2Damine

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La phentermine a une action anorexigène et les premiers rapports indiquaient une bonne perte de poids à court terme lorsqu’elle était employée en traitement continu ou intermittent pendant des périodes pouvant atteindre 36 semaines. Toutefois, des effets secondaires -- insomnies, irritabilité, agitation, tension et anxiété -- apparaissent chez certains patients et en limitent donc l’utilisation.  5, record 40, French, - 2%2Dm%C3%A9thyl%2D1%2Dph%C3%A9nylpropan%2D2%2Damine

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

2-méthyl-1-phénylpropan-2-amine : forme recommandée par l’UICPA (Union internationale de chimie pure et appliquée) pour le nom systématique correspondant au numéro CAS indiqué sur la présente fiche.  1, record 40, French, - 2%2Dm%C3%A9thyl%2D1%2Dph%C3%A9nylpropan%2D2%2Damine

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 OBS

phentermine : dénomination commune internationale (DCI).  6, record 40, French, - 2%2Dm%C3%A9thyl%2D1%2Dph%C3%A9nylpropan%2D2%2Damine

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 3 OBS

alpha : Ce mot doit être remplacé par la lettre grecque correspondante ou s’écrire en italique.  1, record 40, French, - 2%2Dm%C3%A9thyl%2D1%2Dph%C3%A9nylpropan%2D2%2Damine

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 4 OBS

tert : Cette abréviation de «tertiaire» s’écrit en italique.  1, record 40, French, - 2%2Dm%C3%A9thyl%2D1%2Dph%C3%A9nylpropan%2D2%2Damine

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 5 OBS

Principe actif commercialisé sous le nom d’Ionamin (Sanofi-aventis).  4, record 40, French, - 2%2Dm%C3%A9thyl%2D1%2Dph%C3%A9nylpropan%2D2%2Damine

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 6 OBS

Formule chimique : C₁₀H₁₅N  4, record 40, French, - 2%2Dm%C3%A9thyl%2D1%2Dph%C3%A9nylpropan%2D2%2Damine

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Los estimulantes de tipo anfetamínico [...] son i) las "anfetaminas" (anfetamina, metanfetamina), ii) cierto número de otros estimulantes sintéticos como la metcatinona, fentermina, fenitilina, etc., y iii) el "éxtasis" [...]  2, record 40, Spanish, - fentermina

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fórmula química : C₁₀H₁₅N  3, record 40, Spanish, - fentermina

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The ratio of a person's waist circumference to hip circumference.  7, record 41, English, - waist%2Dto%2Dhip%20ratio

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Blood pressure, weight, height, and hip and waist circumferences were measured according to standard protocols, and BMI [body mass index] and WHR were calculated. ... Waist circumference was measured at the level of the umbilicus and hip circumference was measured over light clothing at the widest girth of the hip. ... Truncal obesity was defined as WHR more than 0.95 in men and WHR more than 0.8 in women.  8, record 41, English, - waist%2Dto%2Dhip%20ratio

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Quotient du tour de taille (en cm) par le tour de hanches (en cm) utilisé en épidémiologie pour évaluer la répartition du tissu adipeux.  6, record 41, French, - rapport%20taille%2Fhanches

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans l'étude [...], réalisée auprès de plus de 10 000 survivants d’infarctus du myocarde dans 52 pays, l'obésité abdominale(mesurée par le rapport tour de taille/tour de hanches) est apparue comme un facteur prédictif puissant et indépendant de survenue d’infarctus du myocarde non mortel.  7, record 41, French, - rapport%20taille%2Fhanches

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le tour de taille est mesuré à mi-distance entre le rebord costal inférieur et l’épine iliaque antérosupérieure sur la ligne médio-axillaire; le tour de hanches correspond à la circonférence la plus large au niveau trochantérien.  1, record 41, French, - rapport%20taille%2Fhanches

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 2 OBS

rapport taille/hanche : Ce terme est à éviter car on s’intéresse au quotient du tour de taille par le tour des deux hanches et non par la circonférence d’une seule hanche.  6, record 41, French, - rapport%20taille%2Fhanches

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A serotonin-noradrenalin reuptake inhibitor which promotes satiety and supports the effects of diet and exercise on weight loss.  4, record 42, English, - 1%2D%5B1%2D%284%2Dchlorophenyl%29cyclobutyl%5D%2DN%2CN%2C3%2Dtrimethylbutan%2D1%2Damine

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Sibutramine has been shown to reduce body weight by dual actions: reduction of food intake through enhancement of satiety, and increase of energy expenditure by induction of thermogenesis. Sibutramine produces its therapeutic effects primarily by serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibition.  5, record 42, English, - 1%2D%5B1%2D%284%2Dchlorophenyl%29cyclobutyl%5D%2DN%2CN%2C3%2Dtrimethylbutan%2D1%2Damine

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

1-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclobutyl]-N,N,3-trimethylbutan-1-amine: form recommended by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) for the systematic name corresponding to the CAS number indicated on the present record.  3, record 42, English, - 1%2D%5B1%2D%284%2Dchlorophenyl%29cyclobutyl%5D%2DN%2CN%2C3%2Dtrimethylbutan%2D1%2Damine

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 2 OBS

alpha: This word must be replaced by the corresponding Greek letter or italicized.  3, record 42, English, - 1%2D%5B1%2D%284%2Dchlorophenyl%29cyclobutyl%5D%2DN%2CN%2C3%2Dtrimethylbutan%2D1%2Damine

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 3 OBS

N: This capital letter must be italicized.  3, record 42, English, - 1%2D%5B1%2D%284%2Dchlorophenyl%29cyclobutyl%5D%2DN%2CN%2C3%2Dtrimethylbutan%2D1%2Damine

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 4 OBS

sibutramine: international nonproprietary name (INN).  3, record 42, English, - 1%2D%5B1%2D%284%2Dchlorophenyl%29cyclobutyl%5D%2DN%2CN%2C3%2Dtrimethylbutan%2D1%2Damine

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 5 OBS

Medaria; Meridia; Reductil; Sibutral: (Abbott): Names under which the active ingredient is sold.  6, record 42, English, - 1%2D%5B1%2D%284%2Dchlorophenyl%29cyclobutyl%5D%2DN%2CN%2C3%2Dtrimethylbutan%2D1%2Damine

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 6 OBS

Chemical formula: C₁₇H₂₆ClN  6, record 42, English, - 1%2D%5B1%2D%284%2Dchlorophenyl%29cyclobutyl%5D%2DN%2CN%2C3%2Dtrimethylbutan%2D1%2Damine

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Substance médicamenteuse qui agit sur le cerveau, où elle augmente l'effet de la sérotonine et de la noradrénaline, et est utilisée comme anorexigène dans le traitement de l'obésité.  3, record 42, French, - 1%2D%5B1%2D%284%2Dchloroph%C3%A9nyl%29cyclobutyl%5D%2DN%2CN%2C3%2Dtrim%C3%A9thylbutan%2D1%2Damine

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La sibutramine fait perdre du poids par deux mécanismes complémentaires : [...] Elle augmente le seuil de satiété. [...] Elle augmente la thermogenèse, c’est-à-dire la production de chaleur par l’organisme.  4, record 42, French, - 1%2D%5B1%2D%284%2Dchloroph%C3%A9nyl%29cyclobutyl%5D%2DN%2CN%2C3%2Dtrim%C3%A9thylbutan%2D1%2Damine

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

1-[1-(4-chlorophényl)cyclobutyl]-N,N,3- triméthylbutan-1-amine : forme recommandée par l’UICPA (Union internationale de chimie pure et appliquée) pour le nom systématique correspondant au numéro CAS indiqué sur la présente fiche.  1, record 42, French, - 1%2D%5B1%2D%284%2Dchloroph%C3%A9nyl%29cyclobutyl%5D%2DN%2CN%2C3%2Dtrim%C3%A9thylbutan%2D1%2Damine

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 2 OBS

alpha : Ce mot doit être remplacé par la lettre grecque correspondante ou s’écrire en italique.  1, record 42, French, - 1%2D%5B1%2D%284%2Dchloroph%C3%A9nyl%29cyclobutyl%5D%2DN%2CN%2C3%2Dtrim%C3%A9thylbutan%2D1%2Damine

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 3 OBS

N : Cette lettre majuscule s’écrit en italique.  1, record 42, French, - 1%2D%5B1%2D%284%2Dchloroph%C3%A9nyl%29cyclobutyl%5D%2DN%2CN%2C3%2Dtrim%C3%A9thylbutan%2D1%2Damine

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 4 OBS

sibutramine: dénomination commune internationale (DCI).  1, record 42, French, - 1%2D%5B1%2D%284%2Dchloroph%C3%A9nyl%29cyclobutyl%5D%2DN%2CN%2C3%2Dtrim%C3%A9thylbutan%2D1%2Damine

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 5 OBS

Medaria; Meridia; Reductil; Sibutral (Abbott) : Noms sous lesquels le principe actif est commercialisé.  3, record 42, French, - 1%2D%5B1%2D%284%2Dchloroph%C3%A9nyl%29cyclobutyl%5D%2DN%2CN%2C3%2Dtrim%C3%A9thylbutan%2D1%2Damine

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 6 OBS

Formule chimique : C₁₇H₂₆ClN  3, record 42, French, - 1%2D%5B1%2D%284%2Dchloroph%C3%A9nyl%29cyclobutyl%5D%2DN%2CN%2C3%2Dtrim%C3%A9thylbutan%2D1%2Damine

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A category of obesity defined for adults as a body mass index between 35.0 and 39.9 kg/m².  6, record 43, English, - severe%20obesity

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

According to the NIH [National Institutes of Health] guidelines, individuals are stratified into six weight classes depending solely on their BMI [body mass index]: underweight (BMI [less than] 18.5), normal weight (BMI: 18.5-24.9), overweight (BMI: 25.0-29.9), moderate obesity (BMI: 30.0-34.9), severe obesity (BMI: 35.0-40.0), and extreme obesity (BMI: 40.0+).  7, record 43, English, - severe%20obesity

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

severe obesity: term also often used in general contexts to refer to any significant obesity.  6, record 43, English, - severe%20obesity

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Catégorie d’obésité définie chez l'adulte par un indice de masse corporelle de 35, 0 à 39, 9 kg/m².  6, record 43, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A8re

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Grâce à [la] mesure [de l'indice de masse corporelle], le pédiatre ou le médecin peut déterminer si sa jeune patiente ou son jeune patient, selon son âge, se situe dans une zone de poids santé ou s’il présente un excès de poids et à quel degré : un simple surplus de poids, une obésité modérée, une obésité sévère ou une obésité massive.  7, record 43, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A8re

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A subclass of diabetes mellitus that is not insulin-responsive or dependent ... characterized initially by insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia; and eventually by glucose intolerance; hyperglycemia; and overt diabetes.  4, record 44, English, - type%202%20diabetes%20mellitus

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Type 2 diabetes was previously called non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or adult-onset diabetes. ... It usually begins as insulin resistance, a disorder in which the cells do not use insulin properly. As the need for insulin rises, the pancreas gradually loses its ability to produce it. Type 2 diabetes is associated with older age, obesity, family history of diabetes, history of gestational diabetes, impaired glucose metabolism, physical inactivity, and race/ethnicity.  8, record 44, English, - type%202%20diabetes%20mellitus

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop ketosis but often exhibit obesity.  4, record 44, English, - type%202%20diabetes%20mellitus

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: This older nomenclature has been replaced by "type 2 diabetes" (which in some cases can be insulin dependent).  9, record 44, English, - type%202%20diabetes%20mellitus

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Adult-onset diabetes, adult-onset diabetes mellitus, maturity-onset diabetes mellitus: These terms have gradually been replaced by "type 2 diabetes mellitus" as more and more teenagers and children are diagnosed with this condition.  10, record 44, English, - type%202%20diabetes%20mellitus

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Forme de diabète sucré qui débute [généralement] après l’âge de 30 ans et qui comporte d’emblée une résistance périphérique à l’action de l’insuline.  11, record 44, French, - diab%C3%A8te%20de%20type%202

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le diabète de type 2 (nommé autrefois non insulinodépendant) résulte de l’incapacité de l’organisme à réagir correctement à l’action de l’insuline produite par le pancréas. [...] Il survient le plus souvent chez l’adulte, mais on l’observe de plus en plus chez les adolescents aussi.  12, record 44, French, - diab%C3%A8te%20de%20type%202

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

diabète non insulinodépendant : Bien que ce terme soit encore très utilisé, certains auteurs le considèrent comme équivoque et lui préfèrent «diabète de type 2». En effet, même si la survie des personnes atteintes du diabète de type 2 ne dépend généralement pas de l’insuline, avec l’évolution de la maladie, environ un tiers de ces personnes doivent prendre de l’insuline pour abaisser leur glycémie.  13, record 44, French, - diab%C3%A8te%20de%20type%202

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 2 OBS

diabète de la maturité :[Ce] terme [est] aujourd’hui désuet; en effet, avec l'épidémie d’obésité qui afflige notre société, on voit maintenant des enfants qui en sont atteints dès l'âge de 10 ans.  14, record 44, French, - diab%C3%A8te%20de%20type%202

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 3 OBS

diabète de l’adulte : On a abandonné [le terme] «diabète de l’adulte», car [il ne correspond] pas à une entité physiopathologique. On peut retrouver un «diabète de type II» chez des patients jeunes [...]  15, record 44, French, - diab%C3%A8te%20de%20type%202

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La diabetes mellitus es un desorden metabólico crónico caracterizado por niveles persistentemente elevados de glucosa en la sangre, como consecuencia de una alteración en la secreción y/o acción de la insulina. La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 se caracteriza por resistencia insulínica, que habitualmente se acompaña de un déficit relativo de insulina.  4, record 44, Spanish, - diabetes%20tipo%202

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La diabetes tipo 2 se desarrolla gradualmente. La mayoría de las personas con esta enfermedad tienen sobrepeso en el momento del diagnóstico; sin embargo, la diabetes tipo 2 puede presentarse también en personas delgadas, especialmente en los ancianos. Los antecedentes familiares y la genética juegan un papel importante en la diabetes tipo 2. Un bajo nivel de actividad, una dieta deficiente y el peso corporal excesivo (especialmente alrededor de la cintura) aumentan significativamente el riesgo de desarrollar este tipo de diabetes.  5, record 44, Spanish, - diabetes%20tipo%202

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Refers to a person whose body mass index is greater than or equal to 40 kg/m² (morbid or class III obesity).  6, record 45, English, - morbidly%20obese

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Morbidly obese individuals (i.e. body mass index [BMI] [greater than or equal to] 40 kg/m²) may have a pulmonary gas exchange impairment due to the large fat mass surrounding their abdomen. ... Morbidly obese men showed a trend to have poorer pulmonary gas exchange compared to morbidly obese women ...  7, record 45, English, - morbidly%20obese

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Qui présente un indice de masse corporelle supérieur ou égal à 40 kg/m²(obésité morbide).  5, record 45, French, - ob%C3%A8se%20morbide

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La catégorie obèse sera elle-même subdivisée en trois classes : -- obèse de classe I : IMC_{de masse corporelle} 30-34,9; -- obèse de classe II : IMC 35-39,9; -- obèse de classe III : IMC [supérieur ou égale à] 40.  4, record 45, French, - ob%C3%A8se%20morbide

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Le diamètre abdominal des patients massivement obèses limite leur accès au tunnel de l’IRM [imagerie par résonance magnétique] ou du scanner.  6, record 45, French, - ob%C3%A8se%20morbide

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A category of obesity that is defined for adults as a body mass index greater than or equal to 40.0 kg/m² and is associated with a high risk of developing many illnesses.  8, record 46, English, - morbid%20obesity

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

According to the NIH [National Institutes of Health] guidelines, individuals are stratified into six weight classes depending solely on their BMI [body mass index]: underweight (BMI [less than] 18.5), normal weight (BMI: 18.5-24.9), overweight (BMI: 25.0-29.9), moderate obesity (BMI: 30.0-34.9), severe obesity (BMI: 35.0-40.0), and extreme obesity (BMI: 40.0+).  9, record 46, English, - morbid%20obesity

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Morbid obesity, also referred to as clinically severe obesity or extreme obesity, is a chronic disease that afflicts approximately 9 million adult Americans. ... The morbidity and mortality risk from being overweight is proportional to its degree. Individuals with morbid obesity, therefore, have the highest risk for developing numerous illnesses that often reduce mobility and quality of life due to their excess weight. In particular, type 2 diabetes, gallbladder disease and osteoarthritis have been found to increase concurrently with higher BMI [body mass index]. Premature death, a 20-year shorter life span, has also been found in individuals with morbid obesity. All of the systems that make the body function are affected by morbid obesity.  10, record 46, English, - morbid%20obesity

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Catégorie d’obésité qui est définie chez l'adulte par un indice de masse corporelle supérieur ou égal à 40, 0 kg/m² et risque fortement de s’accompagner de divers troubles ou maladies.  7, record 46, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20morbide

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Qu'entend-on par obésité morbide? C'est l'obésité qui est susceptible de s’accompagner des complications sérieuses, appelées aussi co-morbidités : hypertension artérielle, diabète, maladies coronariennes, insuffisance respiratoire entre autres. Par le fait de ces co-morbidités, cette forme de l'obésité altère la qualité de vie et raccourcit l'espérance de vie des sujets. L'obésité à potentialité morbide représente 100 % ou plus d’excès par rapport au poids idéal ou encore plus précis[ ément], un indice de masse corporelle [...] de 40 kg/m² ou plus.  8, record 46, French, - ob%C3%A9sit%C3%A9%20morbide

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An excessive increase in body weight due to an accumulation of body fat or increase in muscular mass and characterized for adults by a body mass index greater than 25 kg/m².  2, record 47, English, - overweight

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Overweight refers to an excess of body weight compared to set standards. The excess weight may come from muscle, bone, fat, and/or body water. Obesity refers specifically to having an abnormally high proportion of body fat. ... However, overweight and obesity are not mutually exclusive ... Defining overweight as a BMI [body mass index] of 25 or greater is consistent with the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) and most other countries.  3, record 47, English, - overweight

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

overweight: term also used as a synonym of "preobesity" to refer to the condition of a person whose body mass index is more than 25 but less than 30 kg/m², the lower limit for obesity.  2, record 47, English, - overweight

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Poids excessif, mesuré [chez l’adulte] par un indice de masse corporelle d’au moins 25 [kg/m²].  5, record 47, French, - surpoids

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L’insuffisance pondérale (c’est-à-dire IMC_{de masse corporelle} [inférieur à] 18,5) et la surcharge pondérale (c’est-à-dire IMC [supérieur ou égal à] 25) sont toutes deux dangereuses. [...] La surcharge pondérale [...] est un déterminant majeur de beaucoup d’autres maladies non transmissibles, notamment du DNID [diabète de type II], de la cardiopathie coronarienne et de l’accident vasculaire cérébral et elle augmente le risque de cancer (plusieurs types), de cholécystopathie, de troubles ostéo-articulaires et de symptômes respiratoires. [...] La catégorie «surpoids» (IMC [supérieur ou égal à] 25) sera subdivisée en «préobèse» (IMC 25-29,9) et «obèse» (IMC [supérieur ou égal à] 30).  6, record 47, French, - surpoids

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

surpoids, surcharge pondérale, excès de poids, excès pondéral : termes aussi utilisés comme synonymes de «préobésité» pour désigner la situation pondérale des personnes dont l'indice de masse corporelle est supérieur à 25, mais inférieur ou égal à 29, 9 kg/m², ce qui exclut l'obésité.  7, record 47, French, - surpoids

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A condition characterized by obesity, type-2 diabetes and associated complications.  2, record 48, English, - diabesity

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Obesity and type-2 diabetes (diabesity) are a major global health problem ... Obesity, which is a major recognised risk factor for type 2 diabetes, is rapidly increasing in prevalence, resulting in a diabesity epidemic ... To treat diabesity, we must develop approaches to modulate the ways in which the brain controls metabolism, body weight and composition.  3, record 48, English, - diabesity

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] obésité couplée à un diabète [de type 2].  2, record 48, French, - diab%C3%A9sit%C3%A9

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Sur le plan médical, les [...] recherches ont mis en évidence le lien--de cause à effet ou l'inverse, on n’ est guère encore fixé sur ce point--entre obésité et diabète de type 2. On estime, en effet, que 80 % des personnes atteintes par ce diabète [...] souffrent en même temps d’une surcharge pondérale caractéristique. Cette association baptisée «diabésité» peut provoquer une aggravation sévère des risques cardiovasculaires classiquement liés au surpoids et entraîner des pathologies lourdes affectant, par exemple, la vue, les fonctions rénales, la résistance aux infections et le système nerveux.  3, record 48, French, - diab%C3%A9sit%C3%A9

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[Le gène] ENPP1 est le premier déterminant génétique commun entre obésité de l'enfant, obésité morbide de l'adulte et diabète de type 2 [...] La découverte de ce gène de «diabésité» [...] montre qu'au-delà des perturbations de la prise alimentaire et de la satiété, il existe des obésités très diabétogènes d’origine purement métabolique. [...] Ainsi des régimes moins «insulino-résistants», une activité physique importante voire des médicaments spécifiques pourraient être très efficaces pour lutter contre la «diabésité», première épidémie d’origine non infectieuse de l'histoire de l'humanité.  4, record 48, French, - diab%C3%A9sit%C3%A9

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Affected with obesity.  2, record 49, English, - obese

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... individuals with a BMI [body mass index] over 30.0 [kg/m²] are regarded as obese.  3, record 49, English, - obese

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Being overweight or obese increases the risk of many diseases and health conditions, including the following: hypertension; dyslipidemia (for example, high total cholesterol or high levels of triglycerides); type 2 diabetes; coronary heart disease; stroke; gallbladder disease; osteoarthritis; sleep apnea and respiratory problems; some cancers (endometrial, breast, and colon).  4, record 49, English, - obese