TERMIUM Plus®

The Government of Canada’s terminology and linguistic data bank.

PHARMACOCINETIQUE [17 records]

Filter results by subject field Alphabetical list of terms

Filter results by subject field

Alphabetical list of terms

Record 1 2023-06-02

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pharmacology
CONT

The most basic mathematical description of drug distribution and elimination is the one-compartment model. ... One-compartment models utilize a single central compartment and assume that equilibrium is rapidly/instantaneously achieved with tissues. Although the drug in the body, as a single "compartment," cannot be measured, an assumption is made that the changes in blood (or other sampling compartment) reflect a proportional change in tissue drug concentrations. The rate of drug elimination from the central compartment in a one-compartment model is a first-order process. ... In the case of a one-compartment model, [clearance] is linear ... regardless of the mechanism of clearance.

Key term(s)
  • one compartment pharmacokinetic model
  • single compartment pharmacokinetic model
  • one compartment PK model
  • single compartment PK model
  • one compartment model
  • single compartment model
  • 1-compartment pharmacokinetic model
  • 1 compartment pharmacokinetic model
  • 1-compartment PK model
  • 1 compartment PK model
  • 1-compartment model
  • 1 compartment model

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pharmacologie
Key term(s)
  • modèle pharmaco-cinétique à un compartiment
  • modèle pharmaco-cinétique à compartiment unique
  • modèle pharmacocinétique à 1 compartiment
  • modèle pharmaco-cinétique à 1 compartiment
  • modèle à 1 compartiment

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Farmacología
Save record 1

Record 2 2023-06-01

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pharmacodynamics
  • Drugs and Drug Addiction
  • Toxicology
CONT

Pharmacodynamic tolerance ... results from changes in the drug–receptor interaction. These changes may involve a decrease in the number of receptors or a change in the signal transduction pathway ... In the short term, changes in receptor number or binding affinity can be caused by inactivation or receptors ..., internalization, and degradation of cell surface receptors, or other mechanisms.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pharmacodynamie
  • Drogues et toxicomanie
  • Toxicologie
CONT

[...] lors d’un traitement prolongé par des opiacés, la tolérance analgésique peut être due à une évolution de la pathologie, à une modification du métabolisme(tolérance pharmacocinétique) ou encore à une modification du signal opioïdergique(tolérance pharmacodynamique).

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Farmacodinámica
  • Drogas y toxicomanía
  • Toxicología
Save record 2

Record 3 2023-06-01

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pharmacology
DEF

The study of the bodily absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs.

OBS

pharmacokinetics: plural in form but singular in construction.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pharmacologie
DEF

Étude des différentes étapes du métabolisme des médicaments dans l’organisme (résorption, distribution, transformations, élimination) en fonction du temps et de la dose administrée.

Key term(s)
  • pharmaco-cinétique

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Farmacología
DEF

[Estudio de la] dinámica de los medicamentos en el organismo para ser absorbidos, distribuidos y eliminados en cierto tiempo.

Save record 3

Record 4 2023-06-01

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pharmacodynamics
  • Drugs and Drug Addiction
PHR

pharmacokinetic analysis, pharmacokinetic equation, pharmacokinetic model, pharmacokinetic study

PHR

PK analysis, PK equation, PK model, PK study

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pharmacodynamie
  • Drogues et toxicomanie
PHR

analyse pharmacocinétique, étude pharmacocinétique, paramètre pharmacocinétique, profil pharmacocinétique

Key term(s)
  • pharmaco-cinétique

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Farmacodinámica
  • Drogas y toxicomanía
Save record 4

Record 5 2023-06-01

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pharmacology
CONT

The pharmacokinetic behaviour of most drugs is best described using a two-compartment model, in which a central compartment (blood plus the extracellular spaces of well-perfused tissues) and a peripheral compartment (less well-perfused tissues into which the drug permeates more slowly) are defined.

Key term(s)
  • pharmacokinetic behavior
  • PK behavior

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pharmacologie
Key term(s)
  • comportement pharmaco-cinétique

Spanish

Save record 5

Record 6 2023-06-01

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pharmacology
CONT

As the name suggests, a multiple-compartment PK [pharmacokinetic] model consists of a central compartment and one or several peripheral compartments, though the compartments do not represent specific anatomical or physiological structures. In general, the central compartment represents plasma (or blood) with or without richly perfused tissues, such as heart, liver, brain, etc., ... and the peripheral compartments represent slowly or less perfused tissues, such as skin, muscle, bone and fat. ... In a two-compartment model ... upon administration, a substance is introduced into the central compartment that is followed by its distribution between the central and a peripheral compartment; however, equilibration of the concentration of the substance between the two compartments is not anticipated to be achieved instantaneously. Once equilibration is reached, the elimination of the substance is assumed to occur from the central compartment.

Key term(s)
  • two compartment pharmacokinetic model
  • two compartment PK model
  • two compartment model
  • 2-compartment pharmacokinetic model
  • 2 compartment pharmacokinetic model
  • 2-compartment PK model
  • 2 compartment PK model
  • 2-compartment model
  • 2 compartment model

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pharmacologie
Key term(s)
  • modèle pharma-cocinétique à deux compartiments
  • modèle pharmacocinétique à 2 compartiments
  • modèle pharmaco-cinétique à 2 compartiments
  • modèle à 2 compartiments

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Farmacología
Save record 6

Record 7 2023-06-01

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pharmacology
CONT

The three-compartment pharmacokinetic model divides the body into theoretic volumes from which pharmacokinetic parameters are derived ... The initial volume into which a drug is introduced is referred to as the central volume of distribution ... and represents some fraction of the circulating volume. Two peripheral compartments, one representing rapidly equilibrating tissues ... and the other the slowly equilibrating tissues ... are linked to the central compartment.

Key term(s)
  • three compartment pharmacokinetic model
  • three compartment PK model
  • three compartment model
  • 3-compartment pharmacokinetic model
  • 3 compartment pharmacokinetic model
  • 3-compartment PK model
  • 3 compartment PK model
  • 3-compartment model
  • 3 compartment model

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pharmacologie
Key term(s)
  • modèle pharmaco-cinétique à trois compartiments
  • modèle pharmacocinétique à 3 compartiments
  • modèle pharmaco-cinétique à 3 compartiments
  • modèle à 3 compartiments

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Farmacología
Save record 7

Record 8 2023-06-01

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pharmacology
  • Drugs and Drug Addiction
CONT

Tolerance that develops over time is termed acquired tolerance. Three classes of mechanism govern the development of acquired tolerance: pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and learned. Pharmacokinetic tolerance develops when the ability to metabolize or excrete the drug increases over time.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pharmacologie
  • Drogues et toxicomanie
Key term(s)
  • tolérance pharmaco-cinétique

Spanish

Save record 8

Record 9 2023-06-01

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pharmacology
CONT

Clinical pharmacokinetics can be defined as the use of pharmacokinetic information to select and define rational drug therapy in clinical patients.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pharmacologie
Key term(s)
  • pharmaco-cinétique clinique

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Farmacología
Save record 9

Record 10 2019-02-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pharmacology
DEF

... the study of variability in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a medicine between individuals (healthy volunteers or patients).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pharmacologie
DEF

[...] étude de la variabilité de l’absorption, de la distribution, du métabolisme et de l’excrétion (ADME) d’un médicament entre individus (volontaires sains ou patients).

CONT

Afin de comprendre comment des individus d’une population diffèrent entre eux, il est nécessaire de procéder à une analyse de la pharmacocinétique des populations.

Spanish

Save record 10

Record 11 2011-12-12

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pharmacodynamics
CONT

The totality of processes involved in the absorption, distribution metabolism and excretion of drugs in a living organism.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pharmacodynamie
CONT

Tout processus jouant un rôle dans l’adsorption, la distribution, le métabolisme et l’élimination d’un médicament dans un être vivant.

Spanish

Save record 11

Record 12 2010-07-06

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pharmacodynamics
CONT

These data suggest that factors such as tissue persistence of the drug may determine the efficacy of treatment.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pharmacodynamie
CONT

Un modèle pharmacocinétique à 2 compartiments est utilisé chez 47 patients traités par gentamicine. L'étude tissulaire dans 6 cas mortels permet de retrouver les taux tissulaires calculés par ce modèle. Cette rétention tissulaire explique la rétention prolongée de cet antibiotique dans le corps.

Spanish

Save record 12

Record 13 2005-02-24

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pharmacodynamics
CONT

The decision was taken following the successful completion of clinical Phase I, showing good tolerability of the drug in healthy volunteers.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pharmacodynamie
CONT

[La compagnie] a préalablement évalué l'innocuité, la tolérabilité et le profil pharmacocinétique [du médicament] chez des volontaires en bonne santé(jeunes et plus âgés) dans le cadre de quatre essais cliniques de phase I.

Spanish

Save record 13

Record 14 2002-01-17

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pharmacodynamics

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pharmacodynamie
CONT

[La] pharmacocinétique [...] est variable selon les produits en fonction de l'absorption digestive, de la liposolubilité, de l'effet de premier passage hépatique, de la liaison aux protéines plasmatiques.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Farmacodinámica
Save record 14

Record 15 2000-05-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pharmacodynamics

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pharmacodynamie
OBS

Cinétique des doses multiples. La majorité des médicaments sont administrés en doses répétées. La pharmacocinétique permet de calculer les doses et les intervalles entre les prises assurant une thérapeutique aussi efficace que possible.

Spanish

Save record 15

Record 16 1996-11-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • Medication

French

Domaine(s)
  • Médicaments
OBS

C'est-à-dire sa distribution et son élimination. Domaine de la pharmacocinétique.

Spanish

Save record 16

Record 17 1995-02-03

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pharmacodynamics
CONT

The rodent AUCs and metabolite profiles may be determined from separate steady-state pharmacokinetic studies, as part of the subchronic toxicity studies, or dose-ranging studies.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pharmacodynamie
CONT

Lors d’une étude pharmacocinétique à l'état d’équilibre menée sur l'administration simultanée de furosémide et de fosinopril, l'aire sous la courbe et les concentrations maximales du fosinoprilate ont augmenté de 26% et de 25% respectivement.

Spanish

Save record 17

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