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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... the rotating, localized lowering of the cloud base beneath the rain-free portion of a thunderstorm that often precedes tornado development ...  2, record 1, English, - wall%20cloud

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Wall clouds can range from a fraction of a mile up to nearly five miles in diameter, and normally are found on the south or southwest (inflow) side of the thunderstorm. Even though this cloud is lowering, it remains attached to the rain free cloud base of the thunderstorm. It is usually located south or southwest of the visible precipitation area, and marks the strongest updraft in the thunderstorm. The wall cloud develops as the strong updraft draws in surface moisture from several miles away.  3, record 1, English, - wall%20cloud

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

"Wall cloud" also is used occasionally in tropical meteorology to describe the inner cloud wall surrounding the eye of a tropical cyclone, but the proper term for this feature is "eyewall."  3, record 1, English, - wall%20cloud

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le précurseur typique de la tornade est le mur de nuages. C'est une partie de la base du nuage qui semble s’abaisser vers le sol. On le trouve normalement sur le flanc arrière droit de l'orage. Autrement dit, si l'orage arrive de l'ouest, il faut regarder vers sa partie sud-ouest. Le mur de nuages se forme dans la zone sans précipitations et montre généralement un mouvement de rotation, sous la base du nuage.  3, record 1, French, - mur%20de%20nuages

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The base of the rain shaft that bends away from the main column of precipitation.  2, record 2, English, - rain%20foot

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] la microrafale est typiquement associée à un rotor d’axe horizontal, plus marqué dans le sens de déplacement de l'orage, qui provoque visuellement la constitution d’un «pied de pluie», c'est-à-dire d’une intrusion des précipitations(mêlées parfois de poussières) dans l'air sec situé à l'avant du rideau de pluie.  2, record 2, French, - pied%20de%20pluie

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Winter thunderstorms, also known as "thundersnow," are a somewhat rare type of thunderstorm during which snow, rather than rain, falls as the primary form of precipitation.  3, record 3, English, - thundersnow

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un orage de neige, «thundersnow» en anglais, est un orage dont les précipitations tombent principalement sous forme de neige.  2, record 3, French, - orage%20de%20neige

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

(grade) A degree of inclination, or a rate of ascent or descent, with respect to the horizontal, of a road, railroad, embankment, conduit, or other engineering structure; it is expressed as a ratio (vertical to horizontal), a fraction (such as m/km or ft/mi), or a percentage (of horizontal distance).  6, record 4, English, - slope

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 DEF

(gradient) The degree of slope of a pipe invert or road or land surface. Often expressed as a ratio (3:1, 6:1) in feet or meters, or as a percentage (2%, 30%). The gradient is a measurement of the slope height as related to its base.  5, record 4, English, - slope

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Slopes or gradients are expressed as a ratio of the length of rise to the length of run; for example, 1:10 is the same as 10 per cent and 1:50 is the same as 2 per cent.  7, record 4, English, - slope

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rapport exprimant la variation de la hauteur, ou de la profondeur, en fonction de la distance.  3, record 4, French, - pente

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pentes. Ces «sols construits» peuvent être relativement perméables [...] ou bien ils sont totalement réfractaires à la pénétration de l'eau [...] Même pour ceux qui sont capables d’absorber une petite pluie, il est bon de prévoir qu'ils ne pourront évacuer rapidement une pluie d’orage ou des précipitations prolongées. Il est donc indispensable de leur donner une pente minimum pour faciliter le ruissellement; il suffira de 1 à 2 cm par mètre.  4, record 4, French, - pente

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

L’inclinaison des talus dépend de la cohésion des sols [...] Pour les terrains rencontrés en France dans la majorité des cas, on prend : pour les talus de déblai, [...] la pente est de 50 grades (45 degrés). On désigne cette inclinaison par la fraction 1/1 signifiant 1 de base pour 1 de hauteur.  5, record 4, French, - pente

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 3 CONT

La pente d’une allée [...] Une entrée de garage en sous-sol ne peut excéder 20 % de pente [...] Une allée de piéton ne doit pas dépasser 10 % de pente.  6, record 4, French, - pente

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pente : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de terminologie du génie.  7, record 4, French, - pente

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Superficie inclinada. La pendiente es la relación entre el desnivel vertical y la distancia horizontal.  2, record 4, Spanish, - pendiente%20del%20terreno

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Se expresa generalmente en porcentajes.  2, record 4, Spanish, - pendiente%20del%20terreno

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A supercell thunderstorm characterized by a relative lack of visible precipitation.  1, record 5, English, - low%2Dprecipitation%20storm

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

An LP supercell is characterized by a very long anvil, a small core region, a wall cloud at the back, and a thin precipitation curtain that usually lets some light through. Tornadoes can occur, but the main severe threat is usually large hail.  5, record 5, English, - low%2Dprecipitation%20storm

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Visually similar to a classic supercell, except without the heavy precipitation core. LP storms often exhibit a striking visual appearance; the main tower often is bell-shaped, with a corkscrew appearance suggesting rotation. They are capable of producing tornadoes and very large hail. Radar identification often is difficult relative to other types of supercells, so visual reports are very important. LP storms almost always occur on or near the dry line, and thus are sometimes referred to as dry line storms.  1, record 5, English, - low%2Dprecipitation%20storm

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 3 CONT

LP supercells ... have little VISIBLE precipitation and most regions of the storm base are visible. The word VISIBLE is stressed here because these storms often contain very large hail which does not block light as much as rain as if issues from the cloud. LP storms usually have a striking visual appearance with corkscrew or "barber-pole" striations on the updraft tower. LP supercell tornadoes are often unobscured from viewing around the storm. Sometimes called LP'er.  3, record 5, English, - low%2Dprecipitation%20storm

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'orage supercellulaire à faibles précipitations comporte une enclume très allongée, un petit noyau, un mur de nuages à l'arrière et un mince rideau de précipitations qui laisse habituellement filtrer de la lumière. Il peut présenter un risque de tornade, mais il se contente habituellement de produire de gros grêlons.  1, record 5, French, - orage%20supercellulaire%20%C3%A0%20faibles%20pr%C3%A9cipitations

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A supercell thunderstorm in which heavy precipitation (often including hail) falls on the trailing side of the mesocyclone.  2, record 6, English, - high%2Dprecipitation%20storm

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

High precipitation supercells ... have a large precipitation core with heavy rains and possible hail. The rain can completely wrap an HP supercell tornado and obscure it from view on any side of the storm. Sometimes called HP'er.  5, record 6, English, - high%2Dprecipitation%20storm

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Precipitation often totally envelops the region of rotation, making visual identification of any embedded tornadoes difficult and very dangerous. Unlike most classic supercells, the region of rotation in many HP storms develops in the front-flank region of the storm (i.e.,usually in the eastern portion). HP storms often produce extreme and prolonged downburst events, serious flash flooding, and very large damaging hail events.  2, record 6, English, - high%2Dprecipitation%20storm

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les orages supercellulaires à fortes précipitations sont observés le plus souvent dans le centre et le sud-est des États-Unis. On en voit à l’occasion en Ontario et au Québec, mais rarement dans l’ouest du Canada.  1, record 6, French, - orage%20supercellulaire%20%C3%A0%20fortes%20pr%C3%A9cipitations

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Orage supercellulaire(HP-haute précipitation). Un orage supercellulaire est un orage qui a une très forte précipitation(pluie et grêle) et qui inclut aussi un mésocyclone. La forte précipitation enveloppe et cache le mésocyclone(et possiblement une tornade) ce qui fait son identification difficile. Les orages supercellulaires produisent aussi des vents descendants très forts. Les fortes précipitations peuvent causer des inondation soudaines et peuvent aussi produire de la très grosse grêle.  2, record 6, French, - orage%20supercellulaire%20%C3%A0%20fortes%20pr%C3%A9cipitations

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 3 CONT

orage supercellulaire à haute précipitation : l'on dit plutôt orage supercellulaire à fortes précipitations.  3, record 6, French, - orage%20supercellulaire%20%C3%A0%20fortes%20pr%C3%A9cipitations

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Precipitation falling in the form of a shower from a cloud such as Cumulonimbus incus.  3, record 7, English, - thundery%20precipitation

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Précipitation tombant sous forme d’averse d’un nuage tel qu’un Cumulonimbus incus.  3, record 7, French, - pr%C3%A9cipitation%20orageuse

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Precipitación, en forma de chubasco, procedente de una nube de tormenta, como un Cumulonimbus incus.  1, record 7, Spanish, - precipitaci%C3%B3n%20tormentosa

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The middle and most intense phase in the life cycle of a thunderstorm cell; begins when precipitation reaches Earth's surface and is characterized by both updrafts and downdrafts.  2, record 8, English, - mature%20stage

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The life cycle of a thunderstorm cell can be divided into three stages which are determined by the magnitude and direction of the predominating vertical motions within the cell. These stages include (1) the cumulus stage, (2) the mature stage, and (3) the dissipation stage. ... The mature stage is characterized by the existence of both updrafts and downdrafts in the lower half of the cell. The start of this stage is marked when the rain first falls distinctly out of the bottom of the cloud. It is during this stage that the most intense lightning occurs, the heaviest rains are recorded at the surface, and the strongest winds are observed. If present, hail will occur during this stage.  3, record 8, English, - mature%20stage

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le stade de maturité commence lorsque les précipitations commencent à tomber de la base du nuage. [...] Ce stade de maturité constitue la période d’orage; il dure de quinze à vingt minutes. On y observe des éclairs soit au sein même du nuage(horizontaux, dits «crawler») soit dirigés vers le sol(éclairs Cloud-Ground ou CG) accompagnés de tonnerre et d’averses(de pluie, de neige ou de grêle en fonction des circonstances). Les températures sont plus basses dans les courants descendants en comparaison avec l'air environnant et contrastent spécialement avec les températures dans les courants ascendants [...]  3, record 8, French, - stade%20adulte

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Un orage est composé de différentes cellules qui se trouvent à un stade de développement différent. Le cycle de vie d’une des cellules comporte trois stades : cumulus (ou naissance), adulte et dissipation. [...] Le stade adulte est [...] caractérisé par la présence simultanée de courants ascendants, de courants descendants et de pluie.  1, record 8, French, - stade%20adulte

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The most significant fraction of suspended particulate matter is the respirable size, i.e. larger than about 0.1 [microns], and smaller than about 5-10 [microns]. Particles in this size range persist in the atmosphere longer than other sizes. This size range is significant not only in respect of health, but also in causing reduced visibility and entering into atmospheric reactions. Furthermore, the proportion of suspended particulate matter in the fine particulate's size range will increase as present abatement techniques are implemented.  1, record 9, English, - size%20range

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ce n’ est qu'au-delà de ce seuil d’environ 50 micromètres que les précipitations se font sous forme de pluie, avec un spectre de dimensions allant de quelques dixièmes de millimètre à un maximum de 4 ou 5 mm pour certaines pluies d’orage ou d’averse.  1, record 9, French, - spectre%20de%20dimensions

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish