TERMIUM Plus®
The Government of Canada’s terminology and linguistic data bank.
SOPHISME [10 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 2024-04-12
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Statistics
- Epidemiology
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- ecological fallacy
1, record 1, English, ecological%20fallacy
correct
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
Record 1, Synonyms, English
- ecologic fallacy 2, record 1, English, ecologic%20fallacy
correct
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF
[A] failure in reasoning that arises when an inference is made about an individual based on aggregate data for a group. 3, record 1, English, - ecological%20fallacy
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Statistique
- Épidémiologie
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- erreur écologique
1, record 1, French, erreur%20%C3%A9cologique
correct, feminine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
- sophisme écologique 2, record 1, French, sophisme%20%C3%A9cologique
correct, masculine noun
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Il y a sophisme écologique lorsqu'on applique les résultats issus de mesures prises au niveau du groupe(ou du milieu de vie) au niveau individuel, c'est-à-dire lorsqu'on fait des inférences sur la nature des individus composant une population en se basant uniquement sur des ensembles de statistiques sur le groupe auquel ils appartiennent, comme si chaque membre du groupe manifestait les mêmes caractéristiques [que le] groupe dans son ensemble. 3, record 1, French, - erreur%20%C3%A9cologique
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Estadística
- Epidemiología
Record 1, Main entry term, Spanish
- falacia ecológica
1, record 1, Spanish, falacia%20ecol%C3%B3gica
correct, feminine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 1, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Tipo de falacia o error en la argumentación basado en la errónea interpretación de datos estadísticos, en el que se infiere la naturaleza de los individuos a partir de las estadísticas agregadas del grupo al que dichos individuos pertenecen. 2, record 1, Spanish, - falacia%20ecol%C3%B3gica
Record 2 - internal organization data 2022-10-28
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Logic (Philosophy)
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- fallacy
1, record 2, English, fallacy
correct
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
Record 2, Synonyms, English
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
... in logic, [an] erroneous reasoning that has the appearance of soundness. 2, record 2, English, - fallacy
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Logique (Philosophie)
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- sophisme
1, record 2, French, sophisme
correct, masculine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Raisonnement logique en apparence, mais faux en réalité, généralement fait dans le but de tromper. 2, record 2, French, - sophisme
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
Record 3 - internal organization data 2022-05-04
Record 3, English
Record 3, Subject field(s)
- Logic (Philosophy)
Record 3, Main entry term, English
- circular reasoning
1, record 3, English, circular%20reasoning
correct
Record 3, Abbreviations, English
Record 3, Synonyms, English
- circular argument 2, record 3, English, circular%20argument
correct
Record 3, Textual support, English
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The fallacy of circular argument ... occurs when the premises presume, openly or covertly, the very conclusion that is to be demonstrated ... 2, record 3, English, - circular%20reasoning
Record 3, French
Record 3, Domaine(s)
- Logique (Philosophie)
Record 3, Main entry term, French
- raisonnement circulaire
1, record 3, French, raisonnement%20circulaire
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, French
Record 3, Synonyms, French
- pétition de principe 2, record 3, French, p%C3%A9tition%20de%20principe
correct, feminine noun
Record 3, Textual support, French
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
En logique, une pétition de principe est un raisonnement fallacieux, un sophisme, une illusion d’argumentation qui consiste à tenir pour vraie la proposition que l'on veut démontrer, en la présumant vraie dans l'une des prémisses(affirmation énoncée en support à la conclusion). La conclusion est alors donnée sans argument ni preuve. 3, record 3, French, - raisonnement%20circulaire
Record 3, Spanish
Record 3, Textual support, Spanish
Record 4 - internal organization data 2022-04-28
Record 4, English
Record 4, Subject field(s)
- Logic (Philosophy)
Record 4, Main entry term, English
- argument from ignorance
1, record 4, English, argument%20from%20ignorance
correct
Record 4, Abbreviations, English
Record 4, Synonyms, English
- appeal to ignorance 1, record 4, English, appeal%20to%20ignorance
correct
Record 4, Textual support, English
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
[An] argument from ignorance ..., also known as appeal to ignorance ..., is a fallacy in informal logic. It asserts that a proposition is true because it has not yet been proven false or a proposition is false because it has not yet been proven true. 2, record 4, English, - argument%20from%20ignorance
Record 4, French
Record 4, Domaine(s)
- Logique (Philosophie)
Record 4, Main entry term, French
- appel à l’ignorance
1, record 4, French, appel%20%C3%A0%20l%26rsquo%3Bignorance
correct, masculine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, French
Record 4, Synonyms, French
Record 4, Textual support, French
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
L'appel à l'ignorance [...] est un sophisme, un raisonnement erroné qui consiste à dire qu'un énoncé est vrai parce qu'il n’ a pas été prouvé qu'il est faux [ou qu'il est] faux parce qu'il n’ a pas été prouvé qu'il est vrai. 2, record 4, French, - appel%20%C3%A0%20l%26rsquo%3Bignorance
Record 4, Spanish
Record 4, Textual support, Spanish
Record 5 - internal organization data 2015-12-02
Record 5, English
Record 5, Subject field(s)
- Logic (Philosophy)
- Special-Language Phraseology
Record 5, Main entry term, English
- beg the question 1, record 5, English, beg%20the%20question
Record 5, Abbreviations, English
Record 5, Synonyms, English
Record 5, Textual support, English
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Assume the truth of an argument or proposition to be proved, without arguing it. 2, record 5, English, - beg%20the%20question
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
A debater who begs the question is using a faulty argument, which assumes that the issue being debated is already settled. It is also used to mean dodging or sidestepping a question or issue. To beg a question is not to raise an issue, or demand that a question be asked. 3, record 5, English, - beg%20the%20question
Record 5, French
Record 5, Domaine(s)
- Logique (Philosophie)
- Phraséologie des langues de spécialité
Record 5, Main entry term, French
- faire une pétition de principe 1, record 5, French, faire%20une%20p%C3%A9tition%20de%20principe
Record 5, Abbreviations, French
Record 5, Synonyms, French
Record 5, Textual support, French
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
La pétition de principe consiste à affirmer la conclusion comme étant vraie par principe, sans même se donner la peine de démontrer qu'elle est effectivement vraie. C'est donc une faute de logique et un sophisme puisque cet argument ne prouve absolument rien. 2, record 5, French, - faire%20une%20p%C3%A9tition%20de%20principe
Record 5, Spanish
Record 5, Textual support, Spanish
Record 6 - internal organization data 2015-03-02
Record 6, English
Record 6, Subject field(s)
- Financial and Budgetary Management
- Labour and Employment
Record 6, Main entry term, English
- lump-of-labor fallacy
1, record 6, English, lump%2Dof%2Dlabor%20fallacy
correct
Record 6, Abbreviations, English
Record 6, Synonyms, English
Record 6, Textual support, English
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT
This attitude, that there is only a fixed amount of work to be done, is sometimes called by economists the "lump-of-labor fallacy". 1, record 6, English, - lump%2Dof%2Dlabor%20fallacy
Record 6, Key term(s)
- lump of labour fallacy
Record 6, French
Record 6, Domaine(s)
- Gestion budgétaire et financière
- Travail et emploi
Record 6, Main entry term, French
- sophisme du bloc forfaitaire de travail
1, record 6, French, sophisme%20du%20bloc%20forfaitaire%20de%20travail
masculine noun
Record 6, Abbreviations, French
Record 6, Synonyms, French
- sophisme du bloc forfaitaire d’emplois 1, record 6, French, sophisme%20du%20bloc%20forfaitaire%20d%26rsquo%3Bemplois
masculine noun
Record 6, Textual support, French
Record 6, Spanish
Record 6, Textual support, Spanish
Record 7 - internal organization data 1998-08-21
Record 7, English
Record 7, Subject field(s)
- Human Behaviour
Record 7, Main entry term, English
- psychologist's fallacy
1, record 7, English, psychologist%27s%20fallacy
correct
Record 7, Abbreviations, English
Record 7, Synonyms, English
Record 7, Textual support, English
Record 7, French
Record 7, Domaine(s)
- Comportement humain
Record 7, Main entry term, French
- sophisme des psychologues
1, record 7, French, sophisme%20des%20psychologues
correct, masculine noun
Record 7, Abbreviations, French
Record 7, Synonyms, French
Record 7, Textual support, French
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Distorsion consistant à interpréter les comportements en fonction de sentiments du psychologue. 2, record 7, French, - sophisme%20des%20psychologues
Record 7, Spanish
Record 7, Textual support, Spanish
Record 8 - internal organization data 1993-04-02
Record 8, English
Record 8, Subject field(s)
- Psychology (General)
Record 8, Main entry term, English
- conjunction fallacy 1, record 8, English, conjunction%20fallacy
Record 8, Abbreviations, English
Record 8, Synonyms, English
Record 8, Textual support, English
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Where a combination of events sometimes seems more frequent or probable than the individual events themselves. 1, record 8, English, - conjunction%20fallacy
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Fallacy: An argument involving logically invalid or improper reasoning and, by extension, a conclusion reached by such fallacious reasoning. Note that the meaning of the term depends on the reasoning and not on what is reasoned. Although fallacies usually lead to false conclusions they do not do so by definition; it is quite possible to reach a valid conclusion by faulty means. 2, record 8, English, - conjunction%20fallacy
Record 8, French
Record 8, Domaine(s)
- Psychologie (Généralités)
Record 8, Main entry term, French
- sophisme de conjonction
1, record 8, French, sophisme%20de%20conjonction
proposal, masculine noun
Record 8, Abbreviations, French
Record 8, Synonyms, French
Record 8, Textual support, French
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS
sophisme : Argument fallacieux, susceptible d’en imposer dans la mesure où la faute de raisonnement est difficile à dépister. 2, record 8, French, - sophisme%20de%20conjonction
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Percevoir de fausses combinaisons. 1, record 8, French, - sophisme%20de%20conjonction
Record 8, Spanish
Record 8, Textual support, Spanish
Record 9 - internal organization data 1985-06-11
Record 9, English
Record 9, Subject field(s)
- Political Science
Record 9, Main entry term, English
- clap-trap oratory 1, record 9, English, clap%2Dtrap%20oratory
Record 9, Abbreviations, English
Record 9, Synonyms, English
Record 9, Textual support, English
Record 9, French
Record 9, Domaine(s)
- Sciences politiques
Record 9, Main entry term, French
- style déclamatoire 1, record 9, French, style%20d%C3%A9clamatoire
Record 9, Abbreviations, French
Record 9, Synonyms, French
- brillant sophisme 1, record 9, French, brillant%20sophisme
- rhétorique à effet 1, record 9, French, rh%C3%A9torique%20%C3%A0%20effet
Record 9, Textual support, French
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS
(Gascon) hansard 1925, p.1541 1, record 9, French, - style%20d%C3%A9clamatoire
Record 9, Spanish
Record 9, Textual support, Spanish
Record 10 - internal organization data 1984-04-19
Record 10, English
Record 10, Subject field(s)
- Psychology (General)
Record 10, Main entry term, English
- pathetic fallacy
1, record 10, English, pathetic%20fallacy
correct
Record 10, Abbreviations, English
Record 10, Synonyms, English
Record 10, Textual support, English
Record 10, French
Record 10, Domaine(s)
- Psychologie (Généralités)
Record 10, Main entry term, French
- sophisme pathétique
1, record 10, French, sophisme%20path%C3%A9tique
correct, masculine noun
Record 10, Abbreviations, French
Record 10, Synonyms, French
Record 10, Textual support, French
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Consiste à dire d’une proposition, pour l’appuyer, qu’elle doit être vraie, puisque l’idée qu’elle soit fausse est intolérable. 1, record 10, French, - sophisme%20path%C3%A9tique
Record 10, Spanish
Record 10, Textual support, Spanish
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